Xiàguān tiě bǐng

Phakathi kwezindlela zokukhiqiza zasefektri zepuer, kunezinto ezifundeka njengekhodi, futhi u-8653 ungomunye wabavelele kakhulu: «okwakudala kwe-下关», okufakwe kwi-«iron cake» eqinile ethi tiě bǐng (铁饼). Kanye nezidleke ezicindezelwe zetuó (沱), kwakha uphawu oluqashelwayo lwefektri yase-Xiàguān — iphrofayili eyaziwayo yesimo, ukucindezela kanye nokunambitheka.

1. Isigaba kanye Nemvelaphi:

• Uhlobo: i-puer sheng (生, «iqebelengwane eliluhlaza» qīng bǐng 青饼); isimo esiyi-«iqebelengwane lensimbi» tiě bǐng (铁饼). I-Tuó (沱) ikhiqizwa kokubili ezinhlobeni ze-sheng ne-shu (生/熟).
• Isigaba: itiye lepuer elicindezelwe lasefektri ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-màihào (唛号).
• Imvelaphi: ifektri yase-Xiàguān, idolobha lase-Xiàguān (下关) — amasango aseningizimu e-Dali entshonalanga ne-Yunnan.
• Impahla eluhlaza: impahla yamaqabunga amakhulu asentshonalanga ne-Yunnan evela e-Líncāng (临沧), Bǎoshān kanye nezifunda ezingomakhelwane.
• Ukuchazwa kwenombolo: uhlelo lwe-màihào (唛号), olwethulwa ngo-1976 ngezinjongo zokubalwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, luguqula amadijithi amane abe yincazelo emfushane yomkhiqizo. Amadijithi amabili okuqala awunyaka wokugunyazwa kweresiphi, elesithathu yizinga lomkhiqizo wezitshalo (inombolo encane, ikhasi lithambe kakhudlwana), elesine okuyifektri ngokwekhodi yokuthumela. Amakhodi efektri: 1 — Kūnmíng (中茶), 2 — Měnghǎi (大益), 3 — Xiàguān (下关), 4 — Pǔ’ěr. Ngakho-ke u-8653: iresiphi yango-1986, impahla eluhlaza yezinga lesi-5, ifektri engunombolo 3 — i-Xiàguān.
• Umaka wesimo: Ku-8653 kuvame ukungezwa umaka wesimo — T8653, lapho u-T ekhomba ukucindezelwa «ngeqebelengwane lensimbi» tiě bǐng. Inombolo enezinhlamvu ezine ihlale isho itiye elicindezelwe; enezinhlamvu ezinhlanu isho elehleliwe.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Iresiphi engu-8653 isukela ngonyaka ka-1986 futhi yagxila njengenye yezikhundla eziyisisekelo ze-sheng ze-Xiàguān esigabeni esimaphakathi; i-tuóchá — kunenye indlela yefektri eyigama, ngokwesisekelo ingeyesigaba sokungena. Ngokungafani namanye amatiye ahlanganisiwe agoqwayo e-míngzhài chúnliào (名寨纯料) afana no-老班章 noma u-冰岛, u-8653 uyiresiphi ethembekile, ekwazi ukuphindaphindeka: yaziswa ngokuzinza kwayo kanye nokuguquguquka okubikezelayo kokuguga, hhayi ngobunqaba bemvelaphi.

Emephini ebanzi yezilinganiso zefektri, i-Xiàguān ithatha indawo yayo eduze kwezilinganiso zase-Měnghǎi: 7542 (iqebelengwane le-sheng eliyisilinganiso) kanye no-7572 (i-shu enkulu kakhulu) evela e-Měnghǎi, 7581 (isitini sokuqala ngokomlando se-shu) esivela e-Kūnmíng. Kulo mbono ongemuva, u-8653 ne-tuó yase-Xiàguān zifundeka njenge-«sikole sasentshonalanga» se-puer elicindezelwe — nokuminyana kwaso kwesimo kanye nomlingiswa wawo onamandla wasezintabeni.

Isimo sesidleke setuó savela ngenxa yezizathu eziphathekayo zokuthutha kanye nokwaba izabelo futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi saba yimfundiso ezimele, ngayo i-Xiàguān eyaziwa ngokungenaphutha, njengoba nje i-Měnghǎi yaziwa nge-«qebelengwane-lezimbambo-eziyisikhombisa».

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:

• Ihlanganisela: u-8653 uyitiye leresiphi (pīnpèi 拼配), hhayi impahla yohlobo olulodwa oluvela endaweni eyodwa ethile.
• Izinga lempahla eluhlaza: ikhasi lesihlanu lisho impahla ewugqinsi nengaqinile kakhulu: hhayi amaqabunga aqhakazile athambe kakhulu, kodwa futhi nokungesona isigaba esiqinile kakhulu. Lokhu kukhethwa kwempahla eluhlaza kwenziwa ngokuqonda: kunikeza umzimba ukuminyana, ukubaba okuzwakalayo kǔ (苦) ngokubuyela okusheshayo kobumnandi huí gān (回甘) kanye nesakhiwo esihlelelwe ukuguquka isikhathi eside.
• Indlela yokuhlanganisa: ukuzinza kwephrofayili unyaka nonyaka, hhayi ukujaha inkundla eyivelakancane.

4. Indawo Yendawo kanye Nezinto Eziyisipesheli Zokutshala:

Idolobha lase-Xiàguān (下关) — amasango aseningizimu e-Dali entshonalanga ne-Yunnan, umgwaqo onqamulayo womlando wezindlela zamakaravani etiye. Ifektri ayizange ivele lapho ngengozi: emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, ukugeleza kwempahla eluhlaza okuvela e-Líncāng (临沧), Bǎoshān kanye nezifunda ezingomakhelwane kwakudlula e-Dali, futhi kwakuyiyona mpahla eluhlaza yamaqabunga amakhulu asentshonalanga ne-Yunnan eyakha isisekelo sesitayela sase-Xiàguān. Ngokungafani namarisiphi ase-Měnghǎi, ahlala ethambekele ku-Xīshuāngbǎnnà, i-Xiàguān ngokwesiko isebenza ngezingxube zempahla eluhlaza yasentshonalanga, okuyikho okwenza kube nomlingiswa wayo owaziwa ngokuthi «onjengomusi-wasentabeni», onamandla noqoqiwe.

Izintaba eziphakeme, ubusuku obubandayo kanye nesimo sezulu esomile nesinomoya sase-Dali nakho kubalulekile endimeni yesibili yefektri — ukuvuthwa nokucindezelwa: isimo sezulu esomile sasenyakatho sinikeza ijubane lokuguga ehlukile kunezinqolobane ezinomswakama waseningizimu.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Umehluko oyinhloko we-tiě bǐng yindlela yokucindezela. «Iqebelengwane elijwayelekile lezimbambo eziyisikhombisa» qī zǐ bǐng (七子饼) licindezelwa esikhwameni sendwangu, okushiya isifaca esibonakalayo -«inkaba» futhi imiphetho yendwangu iyabonakala ohlangothini olungemuva. «Iqebelengwane lensimbi» licindezelwa ngokuqondile efomini lensimbi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, ngaphandle kwesikhwama sendwangu. Umphumela:

• idiski eminyene kakhulu, eqinile enohlangothi olungemuva olubushelelezi, kwesinye isikhathi olunemibala-«yamachashazi» ngaphandle «kwenkaba» egqamile;
• imiphetho ephasi, ecacile;
• ukungena komswakama nomoya ngaphakathi kweqebelengwane okuhamba kancane kakhulu.

Ngokobuchwepheshe, lokhu kuyinkemba egcombe kabili. Ukucindezelwa okuminyene kubambezela ukuguga: «iqebelengwane lensimbi» livuthwa kancane kunelixegayo, kodwa uma ligugile isikhathi eside, livame ukunikeza umphumela ohlanzekile, ogxilile. Ukuliqhekeza kunzima kakhulu — udinga ummese wetiye oqinile nokucophelela ukuze ungalisuki ikhasi libe yimpushana.

Inqubo eyisisekelo ihlala iyakudala nge-sheng: ukulungiswa okushisayo shā qīng (杀青), ukusongwa, ukomiswa elangeni kwempahla eluhlaza (shàiqīng máochá 晒青毛茶), bese kuba ukushiswa ngesitimu nokucindezelwa esimweni.

Uma i-tiě bǐng imayelana nediski, i-tuó (沱) imayelana «nesidleke» esimise okwenkomishi, isimo sesibili esidumile se-Xiàguān. I-tuóchá yase-Xiàguān (沱茶) — empeleni iyisilinganiso salesi simo emakethe. Isikhundla esijwayelekile sokudayisa yi-jiǎ tuó (甲沱), «i-tuó ye-Class A»: isidleke esihlangene (ngokomlando cishe esingama-100 g), esilungele ukuhlephulwa nokugaywa. Kukhona nenzalo encane yalomqondo — i-lóng zhū / tuó zhū (龙珠, amabhola acindezelwe afana no-~5–8 g) ewodwa ephuzweni, kodwa yiyona kanye i-jiǎ tuó yosayizi ogcwele esalokhu iyifomu elifanelekile.

6. Izimpawu Zokuzwa Ngomlomo:

I-8653 encane ngesitayela sase-Xiàguān iyi-sheng eqoqiwe, eminyene enokubaba nokuhwamukayo okuzwakalayo, isisekelo samaminerali sasentabeni kanye nokubuyela okumnandi okude. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, ukucindezelwa okuminyene kuholela ekuthambekeni kwakancane kwababa, ukubonakala kwethoni zezithelo ezomisiwe, zokhuni kanye «nezokuvuthwa» lapho kugcinwa isakhiwo esicacile.

I-tuó ye-sheng yase-Xiàguān inalo mlingiswa ofanayo wasentshonalanga ne-Yunnan: amandla, ukubaba, i-huí gān egqamile.

9. Ukugaya:

Izinkombandlela eziphathekayo:

• Isitsha. I-gaiwan noma itiye le-Yixing; ngophrofayili enamandla yase-Xiàguān, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lilungele.
• Amanzi. Amanzi abilayo (≈100 °C) ku-sheng enempahla eluhlaza ewugqinsi — kwembula umzimba futhi kubushelelezi ubukhali, uma ungewuse ngokweqile.
• Umthamo. Inkombandlela — cishe amagremu angu-7–8 ku-100–120 ml.
• Ukuthululwa. Ukuwasha okusheshayo (imizuzwana engu-10–15), bese kuba ukugaywa okufushane kancane kancane kukhule ngesikhathi; «iqebelengwane lensimbi» likhipha ikhasi isikhathi eside kuneqebelengwane elicindezelwe ngokuxegayo.
• Ukuhlephula. Hlephula ngamacezulu ulandele izingqimba, hhayi ukuklebhula — ngaleyo ndlela kuncipha ikhasi eliphukile futhi ugaywo lulingene.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Iqebelengwane eliminyene kakhulu livuthwa kancane kunele-xegayo — lokhu kuvamile futhi ngokwengxenye kuyinhloso yesimo. Ukucindezelwa okuminyene kubambezela ukuguga futhi uma kugcinwe isikhathi eside kuvame ukunikeza umphumela ohlanzekile, ogxilile. Isimo sezulu esomile sasenyakatho sase-Dali sinikeza ijubane lokuguga ehlukile kunezinqolobane ezinomswakama waseningizimu.

11. Intengo kanye Namambuka:

Ungahlukanisa kanjani:

• Ukucindezelwa. I-tiě bǐng yangempela iqine, njengebhodi; uhlangothi olungemuva alunayo «inkaba» ejulile, kwesinye isikhathi lunemibala emincane yamachashazi evela efomini. Idiski exegayo, evuleka kalula enesifaca sendwangu — iqebelengwane elijwayelekile lesikhwama, hhayi «iqebelengwane lensimbi».
• Isimo. I-tuó yase-Xiàguān iyisidleke esihlangene, esilinganisayo esinenkomishi ebushelelezi; i-jiǎ tuó iyisilinganiso sayo sokudayisa.
• Ukufundwa kwenombolo. Ku-T8653 uhlamvu T ungumaka wokucindezelwa «okwensimbi»; amadijithi awumuthi — iresiphi engu-86, impahla eluhlaza yezinga lesi-5, ifektri yesi-3 (i-Xiàguān). Noma yikuphi okunye ukuchazwa kwalawo madijithi kuyaphambana nohlelo lwe-màihào.
• Umlingiswa wokugaywa. Linda amandla, ukubaba kanye ne-huí gān ende yophrofayili wasentshonalanga ne-Yunnan; i-sheng encane «emnandi-ethambile kusukela ephuzweni lokuqala» — yisizathu sokungabaza ukuthi iyefana.
• Ijubane lokuguga. Iqebelengwane eliminyene kakhulu livuthwa kancane kunele-xegayo — lokhu kuvamile futhi ngokwengxenye kuyinhloso yesimo.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• Ngokuhlangene, u-8653 kanye nama-tuó e-Xiàguān — akuzona nje izikhundla ezimbili ohlwini lwamanani, kodwa ziyincwadi yokufunda ehlangene yokuthi isimo nokucindezelwa kuba kanjani ingxenye yokunambitheka nobunikazi betiye.
• I-tuó yase-Xiàguān yaziwa ngokungenaphutha, njengoba nje i-Měnghǎi yaziwa nge-«qebelengwane-lezimbambo-eziyisikhombisa».