zhēngqīng jiānchá

I-Zhengqing jiancha 蒸青煎茶 yitiye eluhlaza laseShayina elilungiswa ngesitimu, elenziwe ngesitayela se-senchi yaseJapan futhi elihloselwe ikakhulukazi ukuthunyelwa kwenkontileka (OEM) eJapan. Ngokungafani nezampula zezandla zaseJapan zezinga le-gyokuro (玉露) noma i-tencha (碾茶), lapha sikhuluma ngomkhiqizo wohwebo omningi, owenziwa ngokwemigomo yekhasimende emafemini ezifundazweni i-Zhejiang, i-Fujian, i-Jiangxi, ne-Hubei.

1. Ukwahlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: itiye eluhlaza elilungiswa ngesitimu (zhēngqīng 蒸青).
Isigaba: umkhiqizo we-OEM othengiswayo othunyelwa ngaphandle ngesitayela se-senchi yaseJapan; ngokobuchwepheshe nasemakethe lihlukanisiwe ne-meecha egazingiwe kanye ne-珠茶 kanye nezisekelo zetiye le-jasmine.
Imvelaphi: amafemu azifundazweni i-Zhejiang (浙), i-Fujian (闽), i-Jiangxi (赣), i-Hubei (鄂).
Indawo ohlelweni lwezimpahla: itiye eliluhlaza laseShayina lokuthunyelwa ngobuningi ngokwesiko lakhiwe ngokuzungeza izimbazo ezintathu zokulungisa (杀青, shāqīng). Ingxenye enkulu yomkhiqizo omningi yi-chǎoqīng 炒青 (ukulungiswa ngokugazinga), ekhiqiza i-meecha kanye ne-gunpowder eyindilinga. Olunye uhlanga yi-hōngqīng 烘青 (ukulungiswa ngomoya oshisayo), okuyisisekelo samatiye e-jasmine. I-Zhengqing jiancha ime yodwa: yi-zhēngqīng 蒸青 — ukulungiswa ngesitimu, okuthi kuthengiswa kwamanje ngaphandle kuhlale endaweni encane, ekhethekile, eklanyelwe imakethe eyodwa — iJapan.
Inhloso: ngokungafani ne-meecha kanye ne-珠茶 eziqondiswe eNyakatho neNtshonalanga Afrika, kanye nezisekelo zetiye le-jasmine zemakethe yasekhaya, i-jiancha iwumkhiqizo we-OEM othunyelwa ngaphandle ojwayelekile: umkhiqizo awenzelwa igama lomkhiqizi uqobo, kodwa wenziwa ngokwezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe zomngenisi waseJapan, oyobe esewuqeda, ewuhlanganisa futhi ewupakisha itiye ngaphansi kwemikhiqizo yakhe.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Ukulungiswa ngesitimu kungenye yezindlela zaseShayina zasendulo kakhulu zokulungisa iqabunga eliluhlaza, eyandulela ukusabalala okubanzi kokugazingwa. EJapan, indlela yesitimu yagxila njengeyinhloko futhi yathuthukela ekubeni isiko elizimele le-senchi ne-gyokuro. I-jiancha yesimanje yaseShayina, empeleni, iwukubuya kobuchwepheshe besitimu ekuthengisweni ngaphandle, kodwa njengokuhlinzekela isidingo saseJapan: amafemu aseShayina akhiqiza ngesitayela se-sencha ngaphansi kwamazinga aseJapan, engeza noma athathe indawo yezinto zokusetshenziswa zangempela zaseJapan ezingxubeni ezinkulu.

Lokhu kubangela ukuhlehla okujabulisayo: ubuchwepheshe, obudabuka eShayina, bukhona emakethe yangaphandle “esembozweni saseJapan”, futhi umkhiqizo ubaluleke ngokulingana nokuhlangabezana nalokho okulindelwe umthengi waseJapan, hhayi ngokwemigomo yokunambitheka yaseShayina.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa: ngesitayela sesitimu, izinto zokusetshenziswa zikhethwa ngendlela ehlukile kunaleyo yokugazinga okujwayelekile. Imakethe yaseJapan yazisa umbala oluhlaza ogcwele woketshezi, ubusha “obunotshani-obufana nolwandle” kanye nomzimba ojiyile. Ngakho-ke, iqabunga elithe xha, elinoshukela, elivuthwa ngokushesha elinenani eliphezulu le-chlorophyll nama-amino acid liyasebenza.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingafunwa: iqabunga elimahhadla, elivuthwe kakhulu eline-fiber ephezulu likhipha iphrofayili eyisicaba, “efana notshani”, engafunwa ngesitayela se-sencha.
Ukuncika ezinhlobonhlobeni: ukuphathwa kwezihlahla kanye nezikhathi zokuvuna kuhambisana nemigomo okuqondwe kuyo — lapho izinga elifunekayo liphakeme, iqabunga elisencane liba lincane.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:

Umthombo uveza ngokuqondile indawo: i-浙 (Zhejiang), i-闽 (Fujian), i-赣 (Jiangxi), i-鄂 (Hubei). Leli bandla lezifundazwe zetiye ezifudumele, ezinomswakama, ezishisayo, ezikwazi ukukhiqiza umthamo omkhulu wamaqabunga aluhlaza alinganayo, athambile futhi zisekele ukucutshungulwa kwentwasahlobo okungumshini ngezinga lezimboni.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Umehluko oyinhloko ukulungiswa ngesitimu, hhayi ukushisa kokuthintana. Iqabunga elisanda kukhiwa liphathwa ngesitimu esigcwele isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, okwenza ama-enzyme e-oxidative angasebenzi ngokushesha futhi “kuvale” umbala oluhlaza. Ukulungiswa ngesitimu okuyikona okunikeza uphawu lwawo wonke ama-蒸青绿茶: iqabunga elomile eliluhlaza, uketshezi oluhlaza, nendawo engaphansi ephekiwe eluhlaza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokugazinga, isitimu sigcina umbala oluhlaza we-chlorophyll ogqamile kanye nephunga “eliluhlaza”, elifana nolwandle-notshani, kodwa cishe alikhiqizi inothi yokugazinga, ye-chestnut-nut, evame kakhulu ku-chǎoqīng.

Uhlelo oluqhubekayo ngokujwayelekile luphinda umqondo wokukhiqiza we-sencha yaseJapan:

ukomiswa kokuqala ngokuphephetha — ukususa umswakama ongaphezulu emva kokushiswa ngesitimu, ngaphandle kokuvumela amaqabunga ukuba anamathelane;
ukusongwa nokomiswa ngezigaba eziningi — ukwakheka kwezingxenye ezincane, eziqondile, ezinjengenaliti; yile ndlela okuvela ngayo “inaliti” ehlotshaniswa ne-sencha, hhayi “ishiye” elisontekile le-meecha;
ukomiswa kokugcina kuze kube umswakama ozinzile ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuthuthwe.

Lapho kukhiqizwa i-tencha (碾茶, okukhulunywe ngayo emthonjeni) umqondo uhlukile: iqabunga ngemva kokushiswa ngesitimu liyomiswa ngaphandle kokusongwa, kutholakale izingcwecwe ezintekenteke, ezibe sezisetshenziswa njengomkhiqizo ongakaqedwa ukuze ugaywe. Lesi yisisekelo semikhiqizo efana ne-matcha, futhi enkontilekeni ye-OEM ingahamba ngokuhambisana nomugqa we-sencha.

Kubalulekile ukugcizelela umngcele ovezwa umthombo ngokwawo: i-jiancha iyitiyesi lesitimu elithengiswayo eliqondiswe emakethe yaseJapan, futhi hhayi i-玉露/gyokuro yezandla. Umehluko awukho kuphela ezingeni leqabunga, kodwa futhi nasenhlosweni: amasampula e-artisan awumkhiqizo wombhali onomthunzi nokulungiswa ngesandla, kanti i-OEM-jiancha iyisisindo esijwayelekile sengxube yezimboni.

6. Izimpawu Zokuzwa:

Iphrofayili ye-jiancha inqunywa ukulungiswa ngesitimu:

iqabunga elomile — izingxenye eziluhlaza okotshani obumnyama, eziyisicaba-ezinjengenaliti;
uketshezi — luhlaza ngokusobala, ngezinye izikhathi lunokufiphala okuncane okuvela ekumisweni (okujwayelekile ezitayeleni zesitimu);
iphunga — elisha, eliluhlaza okotshani, elinemicu yasolwandle/yezimila zasemanzini, ngaphandle kwenothi ye-chestnut yokugazinga;
ukunambitheka — okujiyile, okuluhlaza okunoshukela, nokulinganisela kobusha obuthambile nokubaba okusesilinganisweni; ukunambitheka okusemva kuhlanzekile, “kuluhlaza”.

9. Ukwenza Itiye:

Ukwenza itiye ngomoya wemakethe eqondisiwe, amazinga okushisa aphansi nesikhathi esifushane kuyasebenza: amanzi aphansi ngokuphawulekayo kunalawo abilayo (cishe ama-70–80 °C ngezinhlobo ezithenda kakhulu), ukuchayeka isikhathi esincane kanye nesisindo somthamo esiphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Amanzi ashiswe ngokweqile akhipha ukubaba nokubaba ngokushesha futhi “avaleke” iphunga elisha eliluhlaza, okuyisona sizathu sokukhethwa kwesitayela sesitimu. Ukugaywa okucolekile kwezingxenye kusho ukuthi uketshezi lukhipha ngokushesha, ngakho-ke ukuchithwa kokuqala kugcinwa kufushane.

11. Intengo Namaqhuzu Embumbulu:

Kumatriksi wezimpahla zokuthengiswa kwetiye eliluhlaza ngaphandle, indawo imakwa njenge-蒸青 / i-OEM yokuthekelisa ngesiteshi esithi “出口·日本”. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umkhiqizo wenzelwe ukuhambisana nemigomo yangaphandle kusukela ekuqaleni, hhayi ukudayisa ngaphakathi eShayina. Izinombolo ezithile zamazinga kanye nemingcele yenkontileka kuncike ezidingweni zomngenisi futhi akuyona ingxenye yomkhondo osesidlangalaleni, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukunikezwa ngokungacabangi; iqiniso eliyinhloko isigaba setiye eliluhlaza lesitimu, ngokobuchwepheshe nasemakethe elihlukanisiwe ne-meecha/i-珠茶 egazingiwe kanye nezisekelo zetiye le-jasmine.

Indlela yokwehlukanisa i-jiancha ezigabeni ezihlobene:

Ku-meecha ne-珠茶 (ukugazinga): i-jiancha ayinalo iphunga le-chestnut-lokugazinga; uketshezi luhlaza ngokugqamile, ingaphansi liluhlaza ngokulinganayo, iqabunga liqondile-njengenaliti, hhayi elisontekile “njengeshiye” noma “njengobuhlalu”.
Kusisekelo se-jasmine (烘青): i-jiancha ayinambitheki ngezimbali futhi igcina ubusha obuluhlaza “obufana nolwandle”, hhayi iphrofayili yezimbali.
Ku-玉露/gyokuro yezandla: i-jiancha iwumkhiqizo we-OEM othengiswayo owenzelwe ingxube, ngaphandle kweqabunga eliyinkokhelo elinomthunzi nokulungiswa kombhali; umsebenzi uwukuzinza nokuhambisana nemigomo, hhayi ukuhluka.
Ku-tencha (碾茶): i-tencha izingcwecwe ezingasontekile zokugaywa; i-jiancha yi-sencha esontekile enjengenaliti yokwenza itiye ngeqabunga.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Sekukonke, i-zhengqing jiancha iwuhlobo olukhetheke kakhulu, kodwa olucacile ngokobuchwepheshe lokuthengiswa kwetiye eliluhlaza laseShayina: ukulungiswa kwasendulo ngesitimu, okuqashwe emakethe eyodwa, lapho kuthakaselwa khona umbala oluhlaza, ubusha, nomzimba ojiyile wesitayela se-sencha.
Ubuchwepheshe, obudabuka eShayina, bukhona emakethe yangaphandle “esembozweni saseJapan” — umkhiqizo ubaluleke ngokulingana nokuhlangabezana nalokho okulindelwe umthengi waseJapan, hhayi ngokwemigomo yokunambitheka yaseShayina.