I-Zhangping Shuixian Hongcha Bing

I-Zhangping Shuixian Hongcha Bing iwuhlobo lwesimanje lwetiye elidume ngokucindezelwa elivela edolobheni laseZhangping (漳平, Zhāngpíng), esifundazweni saseFujian. Ngokungafani ne-Zhangping Shuixian yakudala, okuyi-oolong ngokwesintu futhi okuwukuphela kwetiye emhlabeni elicindezelwe lohlobo lwe-oolong, le nguqulo iyitiye elibomvu (hong cha) elivuthwe ngokuphelele, elicindezelwe laba amathayili ayisikwele ayingqayizivele ngobuchwepheshe obufanayo.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nomsuka:

• Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (红茶, hóngchá) — elivuthwe ngokuphelele (izinga lokuxhuma komoya-mpilo 85–90%). Ifomu elicindezelwe.
• Isigaba: Amatiye anamuhla aqanjwe eFujian. Amatiye abomvu acindezelwe.
• Umsuka: Idolobha laseZhangping (漳平市, Zhāngpíng Shì), idolobha laseLongyan (龙岩市, Lóngyán Shì), isifundazwe saseFujian (福建省, Fújiàn Shěng), eShayina. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza yilokishi i-Shuangyang (双洋镇, Shuāngyáng Zhèn) kanye nomkhandlu waseNanyang (南洋乡, Nányáng Xiāng), kanye nendawo yaseJiupengxi (九鹏溪, Jiǔpéng Xī).
• Izixhumanisi zendawo: cishe u-25°17′ N, 117°24′ E.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando: Isiko lokucindezela itiye libe amathayili ayisikwele eZhangping selineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Ngokweminye imithombo, ubuchwepheshe basungulwa yingcweti yetiye u-Deng Guanjin (邓观金, Dèng Guānjīn) wasesigodini saseZhongcun (中村, Zhōngcūn) elokishini laseShuangyang cishe ngo-1914. Ngokweminye imininingwane, owokuqala kwakungu-Liu Yongfa (刘永发, Liú Yǒngfā) wasesigodini saseDahui (大会村, Dàhuì Cūn), owasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bama-oolong aseWuyi njengesisekelo, kanti u-Deng Guanjin wayengumfundi wakhe nomlandeli. Ngokwesiko, eZhangping kwakukhiqizwa kuphela i-oolong — amathayili ayisikwele acindezelwe aba wuphawu lwalesi sifunda futhi okuwukuphela kwesibonelo se-oolong ecindezelwe emhlabeni. Ukukhiqizwa kwenguqulo ebomvu (hong cha) ye-Zhangping Shuixian kwenzeka muva nje, kwaqala maphakathi nawo-2010. Ukuvela kwaleli tiye kwaba yimpendulo esidingweni esikhulayo somhlaba wonke samatiye abomvu kanye nokulangazelela kwabakhiqizi bendawo ukwandisa uhla lwemikhiqizo, besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokucindezela ohlotsheni olusha lwetiye.
• Igama: “Zhangping” (漳平) yigama ledolobha elikhiqizayo. “Shuixian” (水仙, Shuǐxiān) — “I-Narcissus Yamanzi”, igama le-cultivar yetiye. “Hong Cha” (红茶, Hóngchá) — “itiye elibomvu”, okubonisa uhlobo lokuvuthwa. “Bing” (饼, Bǐng) — “ithayili”, “iqebelengwane”, okubonisa ifomu elicindezelwe.
• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokwenza itiye elicindezelwe i-Zhangping Shuixian (esimweni se-oolong) ngo-2021 bafakwa ohlelweni lwesihlanu lohlu lukazwelonke lwamagugu angaphatheki eShayina, kwathi ngoNovemba 2022 baba yingxenye yesicelo esikhulu “Amasu Endabuko Okwenza Itiye aseShayina kanye Nemikhuba Ehlobene Nawo” (中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗, Zhōngguó chuántǒng zhìchá jìyì jí qí xiāngguān xísú), esamukelwa ohlwini olumele amagugu angaphatheki esintu e-UNESCO. Ingcweti yetiye u-Zhang Tianfu (张天福, Zhāng Tiānfú), obizwa “ngokhokho wetiye laseShayina”, wayekhuluma nge-narcissus yamanzi yaseZhangping njengetiye eligcine umoya wangempela wesiko le-oolong. Inguqulo ebomvu izuza uhlonze lwamasiko lwalesi siko, kuyilapho inikela ngephrofayili yokunambitha eyehluke ngokuphelele.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

• Izinhlobo / I-cultivar: I-Shuixian (水仙, Shuǐxiān) — i-cultivar yasendulo enamahlamvu amakhulu yohlobo lwe-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Yavela esifundeni saseJianyang (建阳, Jiànyáng) enyakatho yeFujian, lapho yalethwa eZhangping ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Izihlahla zetiye ze-Shuixian ezingathenwanga zingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha angu-3–4. Amahlamvu makhulu, afinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, aqinile, anesikhumba, amise okweqanda ngephuzu elicijile. Amahlamvu e-stem agqinsi, iziqu zinesici esiphawulekayo esiyizinkalo ezine. Amahlumela asentwasahlobo ambozwe uboya obusiliva obugqamile.
• Ukuvunwa: Ukuze kukhiqizwe inguqulo ebomvu, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amahlumela asezingeni eliphezulu asehlobo (ukuvunwa kwesithathu), okuhlukile kunguqulo ye-oolong, ethanda kakhulu izinto zasentwasahlobo. Izinga lokuvuna — amahlumela avulekile ngokumaphakathi anamahlamvu amabili noma amathathu (小至中开面二三叶). Ukukhetha izinto zasehlobo kubangelwa ukuthi amahlamvu avunwa ehlobo aqukethe i-polyphenol eningi, okuthi uma ivuthwe ngokuphelele inikeze ukunambitha ocebile nombala ojulile we-infusion. Izinto ezintekenteke kakhulu zasentwasahlobo zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ama-oolong. Isikhathi esihle sokuvuna — kusukela ngo-10:00 kuya ku-15:00, lapho amazolo esomile futhi okuqukethwe umswakama eqabungeni sekuzinzile.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa:

• Isifunda: I-Zhangping isenkabeni yesifundazwe saseFujian, lapho kuhlangana khona izintaba zaseNingizimu Wuyi kanye namagquma asogwini. Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza isifunda saseJiupengxi (九鹏溪, Jiǔpéng Xī), kanye nezindawo ezizungezile zamalokishi aseShuangyang naseNanyang.
• Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Amasimu atshalwe emithambekeni yezintaba emazingeni aphakeme ukusuka ku-400 kuya ku-1100 ngaphezu kolwandle.
• Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical monsoon, enobusika obupholile nehlobo elinomswakama. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka likaphakathi licishe libe ngu-16.9–20.7°C, imvula yonyaka isuka ku-1450 kuya ku-2100 mm. Izintaba zakha inkungu kaningi futhi zinikeze ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, okuvumelana nokwakheka kwezinto ezinukayo eqabungeni letiye.
• Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ebomvu ene-asidi (i-pH 5.0–5.5), eyakhiwe ngenxa yokuguguleka kwamadwala, icebile ngezinto eziphilayo namaminerali. Isakhiwo senhlabathi esixegayo siqinisekisa ukungena komoya okuhle ezimpandeni.
• Izici zokutshalwa: Abalimi bendawo bajwayele ukushintshanisa amasimu etiye nezindawo ezinamahlathi, okugcina ukulingana kwemvelo futhi kucebise inhlabathi. Ngo-2009, uMnyango Wezolimo waseShayina wanikeza itiye “I-Zhangping Shuixian” isimo sesici esivikelwe sendawo (农产品地理标志, nóngchǎnpǐn dìlǐ biāozhì). Ngo-2010, indawo yamasimu e-narcissus yamanzi esifundeni yafinyelela cishe ku-100,000 mu (≈ 6,700 ha), futhi umkhiqizo wonke wawungaphezu kwamamathani angu-5,000 ngonyaka.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqizwa kwetiye elibomvu le-Zhangping Shuixian kuhluke ngokuyisisekelo ku-oolong yakudala: esikhundleni sokuxhuma komoya-mpilo ngokwengxenye okwandulelwa yisigaba “sokwenza uhlaza” (做青, zuòqīng), kusetshenziswa ukuvuthwa okuphelele ngobuchwepheshe betiye elibomvu, okulandelwa wukucindezelwa kwendabuko kwaseZhangping kube amathayili ayisikwele.

• Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukuvunwa ngesandla kwamahlumela avuthiwe asehlobo.
• Ukubuna (萎凋, wěidiāo): Amahlamvu avuniwe endlalwa ngongqimba oluncane kumathileyi omqando ngaphansi kwamafulelo noma ezindlini ezinomoya. Amahlamvu alahlekelwa cishe u-30% womswakama emahoreni angu-3–4, abe athambile futhi anwebeke. Lesi sigaba senza kusebenze ama-enzyme, silungiselela iqabunga ukuba lisontwe.
• Ukusonta (揉捻, róuniǎn): Amahlamvu abuniwe afakwa kumarola, lapho abhekana nomthelela womshini imizuzu engaba ngu-40. Ukucekelwa kwezindonga zamangqamuzana kukhulula ujusi nama-enzyme, kuqalise ukuxhuma komoya-mpilo. Isikhathi sokusonta itiye elibomvu sikhulu kakhulu kunesama-oolong, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana okukhulu kojusi wamangqamuzana nomoya-mpilo.
• Ukuvuthwa / Ukuxhuma komoya-mpilo (发酵, fājiào): Amahlamvu asontiwe endlalwa ngongqimba ezindlini ezipholile ezinomswakama (izinga lokushisa +28…+32°C, umswakama ≥85%). Inqubo ithatha amahora ambalwa, kuze kube yilapho amahlamvu esethole umbala obomvu wethusi ophawulekayo. Izinga lokuxhuma komoya-mpilo lenyuswa laya ku-85–90%. Ingcweti ilawula inqubo ngokubuka nangephunga.
• Ukukhishwa kwamanzi / “Ukubulawa kohlaza” (杀青, shāqīng): Ukuxhuma komoya-mpilo kumiswa ngokushisa amahlamvu ngokushesha ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu (+120…+130°C) emabhodweni noma ezomisweni ezinamarola.
• Ukucindezela /造型(造型, zàoxíng): Amahlamvu asafudumele acindezelwa ngokuqinile emafomini esikwele enziwe ngokhuni (木模, mùmó) anosayizi cishe ongu-5×5×1 cm. Amamodeli enziwe ngokhuni oluqinile olungenaphunga. Ingcweti ifaka cishe u-25–28 g weqabunga letiye efomini bese ilicindezela ngesando sokhuni (木槌, mùchuí). Lesi yisigaba esiyinhloko nesiyingqayizivele, esihlukanisa isiko laseZhangping kuzo zonke ezinye.
• Ukugoqa / Ukubekwa kwesimo (定型, dìngxíng): Ithayili ngalinye elakhiwe lisongwa ngephepha elikhethekile lokuhlunga (ngaphambili kwakusetshenziswa i-maobianzhi (毛边纸, máobiānzhǐ — iphepha lomqando elingamhloshwanga). Iphepha livimbela ukunamathelana futhi lisiza ukugcina isimo lapho lisomiswa.
• Ukomiswa kokugcina / Ukubhaka (烘焙, hōngbèi): Amathayili asongwe endlalwa kumashelufu futhi omiswe phezu kwamalahle okhuni ashisayo. Inqubo yenziwa ngezigaba ezimbalwa: ukomiswa kokuqala ku-90–100°C amahora angu-6–8, ukupholisa okumaphakathi (amahora angu-2–3), bese kuphindwa kokomiswa ezingeni lokushisa elehlisiwe (60–70°C). Isikhathi esiphelele sokubhaka singafinyelela emahoreni angu-35–40. Itiye eliphelile liqukethe umswakama ongeqi ku-5–6%.

6. Izimpawu Zokuzwa Ngomzimba:

• Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amathayili ayisikwele ahlanzekile anemibala emnyama nsundu, asongwe ngephepha lokuhlunga elimhlophe. Lapho liphulwa, ngaphakathi kubonakala amahlamvu aphelele, aqinile acindezelwe asontelwe anemisipha yegolide.
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Linamandla, linoshukela, nothwala izimpawu zezimbali (i-orchid, i-narcissus), izinkomba zoju, izithelo ezomisiwe (i-persimmon, ipheya) kanye nemivimbo emincane yezinongo (i-cardamom). Kungaba nethoni le-cocoa kanye ne-malt.
• Iphunga le-infusion: Linothile, lifudumele, linophunga lwezimbali noju, nobumnandi obugqame kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neqabunga elomile. Izinongo nezithelo ziya ngokuya zijula ngalo lonke uthelo olulandelayo.
• Ukunambitha: Kuminyene, bushelelezi, kunamafutha, kuyagonyuluka. Kunobumnandi obuthambile bemvelo, obufana ne-molasses noma uju omnyama, bulinganiswe nokuncane okumuncu okunezithelo (i-currant ebomvu). Kuphawuleka ngokungabikho nhlobo kobumuncu nokubawa — umphumela wokusebenzisa izinto ezivuthiwe zasehlobo nokubhaka okude.
• Umbala we-infusion: Okhanyayo, ohlanzekile, kusukela kolambile kuya koluhlaza okotshwala obomvu ojulile, kuye ngesikhathi sokuphisa. Ukukhanya okukhulu.
• Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphekwe ngetiye): Amahlamvu avulekile aphelele, makhulu, anwebeka, ambozwe umbala wethusi onsundu ngokulinganayo.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Njengebomvu elivuthwe ngokuphelele, i-Zhangping Shuixian Hongcha Bing ibonakala ngephrofayili ethile ye-polyphenol, lapho ama-catechin okuqala engaguqulwa kakhulu abe ama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin.

• Ama-polyphenol: Kugcwele ama-theaflavin (abhekene nokukhanya nombala osagolide we-infusion) kanye nama-thearubigin (akha umbala obomvu ojulile, ukugcwala komzimba nokuthamba kokunambitha). Okuqukethwe okusele kwe-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) kuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo ye-oolong.
• Ama-amino acid: I-L-theanine — itholakala ngamanani amaphakathi, ifaka isandla ebumnandini obuthambile futhi ikhuthaze ukukhululeka. Izinto zasehlobo ziphawuleka ngokuqukethwe okuncane kwama-amino acid uma kuqhathaniswa nezasentwasahlobo.
• Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine — okuqukethwe kuphakathi, okuvamile kumatiye abomvu (cishe u-2.5–3.5% wesisindo esomile). Kukhona futhi i-theobromine ne-theophylline.
• Amafutha abalulekile: Aqukethe i-geraniol, i-linalool, i-nerolidol ne-cis-jasmone — izinhlanganisela ezakha iphunga lezimbali noju oluyisici. I-cultivar Shuixian ithambekele ekuquketheni okuphezulu kwezinto ezinukayo ngokofuzo.
• Amavithamini: Atholakala ngamanani amancane amavithamini eqembu B, P (rutin) kanye no-K.
• Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-magnesium, i-fluoride. Okuqukethwe amaminerali kucebisiwe ngenxa yomhlabathi obomvu one-asidi wesifunda.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

• Ukuvikela ama-antioxidant: Ama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin anekhono elibonakalayo lokuqeda ama-radical mahhala, uma kuqhathaniswa nomsebenzi we-antioxidant wama-catechin etiye eliluhlaza.
• Ukusekela uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ukuphuza itiye elibomvu njalo kungasiza ekwenzeni umfutho wegazi ube sezingeni elifanele nasekwandiseni ukunwebeka kwemithambo.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla: Itiye elivuthwe ngokuphelele linomthelela othambile futhi ocebisayo emigudwini yesisu, lingacasuli ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi — okuyisici amatiye aseZhangping adunyiswa ngaso ngokwesiko (久饮多饮而不伤胃 — “ungaphuza isikhathi eside futhi kaningi ngaphandle kokulimaza isisu”).
• Umthelela othambile wokunika amandla: I-caffeine ihlanganiswe ne-L-theanine inikeza amandla aqinile ngaphandle kokwenyuka okukhulu nokwehla kwamandla.
• Umthelela wokufudumeza: Itiye elibomvu liwukudla “okufudumele” ngokwezigaba zendabuko zamaShayina, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sonyaka esibandayo.
• Ukusekela amasosha omzimba: Ama-polyphenol etiye elibomvu anezakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane kanye nezifo.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95°C. Amanzi abilayo (100°C) akunconywa ukuwagwema ukudala ukubawa.
• Inani letiye: Ithayili elilodwa eliphelele (6–8 g) ku-150–200 ml wamanzi uma kusetshenziswa indlela yokuthela okuningi; ithayili elilodwa ku-200–250 ml wamanzi ngendlela yaseYurophu.
• Izitsha: I-gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) yobumba noma imbiza yetiye yobumba encane (100–150 ml). Kuvunyelwe ukwenza itiye embizeni yengilazi noma yobumba ngendlela yaseYurophu.
• Inqubo:
  1. Fudumeza izitsha ngokuzihlanza ngamanzi abilayo.
  2. Beka ithayili eliphelele kwi-gaiwan noma embizeni yetiye.
  3. Ukugeza: thela amanzi angu-90–95°C bese uwachitha ngokushesha — lokhu kukhuculula uthuli futhi “kuvuse” iqabunga, kuqalise ukuvuleka kwalo.
  4. Ukuthela kokuqala: thela amanzi angu-90–95°C, phisa imizuzwana eyi-10–15.
  5. Thela i-infusion ezinkomishini ngesihlungi.
  6. Ukuthela okulandelayo ngakunye kwandise nge-5–10 imizuzwana.
  7. Itiye liphuza izikhathi eziyi-7–8, liveza kancane izici ezahlukene zokunambitha — kusukela kwezimbali noju ekuqaleni kuya kwezokhuni ne-balsam ekugcineni.
• Indlela yaseYurophu: Ithayili elilodwa ku-200–250 ml wamanzi, izinga lokushisa 90–95°C, isikhathi sokuphisa imizuzu engu-3–5. Ukwenza itiye kabusha — izikhathi ezi-2–3 nokwandisa isikhathi.
• Qaphela: Ithayili elicindezelwe liphuka kancane — akufanele liphulwe ngaphambi kokwenza itiye, ngaphandle uma kunesidingo sokulinganisa isilinganiso.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Isitsha: Isitsha esivaleke ngokuqinile nesingangenelanga ukukhanya — imbiza yobumba, ibhokisi likathayela noma isikhwama se-foil esivaleke nge-vacuum. Ukugoqa ngephepha ngakunye kwethayili ngalinye kunikeza ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe.
• Izinga lokushisa nomswakama: Izinga lokushisa lasekameleni (+15…+25°C), umswakama womoya ongeqi ku-60%. Isiqandisi asidingeki — itiye elivuthwe ngokuphelele lizinza ezimeni ezijwayelekile.
• Ukukhanya namaphunga: Vikela ekukhanyisweni yilanga okuqondile futhi ugcine kude nokudla okunamaphunga anamandla (izinongo, ikhofi, amakhemikhali asekhaya).
• Isikhathi sokugcina: Uma kugcinwe kahle, itiye ligcina izakhiwo zalo kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkomba zezimbali zingancipha, zinikeze indawo kumimoya ejulile yokhuni ne-balsam — abanye abathandi bakubheka lokhu kuguquka kokunambitha njengobuhle.

11. Intengo kanye Nomgunyathi:

• Isigaba sentengo: I-Zhangping Shuixian Hongcha Bing ingaphansi kwamatiye esigaba sentengo ephakathi nephezulu. Intengo yakhiwa yizici ezimbalwa: izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-cultivar Shuixian, ubunzima bokucindezela ngesandla, inqubo ende yokubhaka ngamalahle (kufika emahoreni angu-40) kanye nobusha obuhlobene bomkhiqizo. Imikhiqizo yamafekthri anophawu lwesici esivikelwe sendawo (PGI) ibiza kakhulu.
• Uzogwema kanjani umgunyathi:
  • Thenga itiye kubathengisi abathembekile abasebenza ngokukhethekile ngamatiye aseFujian, futhi unake uphawu lwesici sendawo esithi “Zhangping Shuixian”.
  • Bheka ubuqotho bethayili: imiphetho elinganayo, ukucindezelwa okuqinile ngaphandle kwemifantu nokuphuka kuyizimpawu zomsebenzi wezandla kusetshenziswa amamodeli enziwe ngokhuni.
  • Ngaphakathi kwethayili kufanele kubonakale amahlamvu aphelele asontiwe, hhayi itiye eliphukile noma uthuli.
  • Iphunga kumele lihlanzekile, libe ngokwemvelo, ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali noma amaphunga angaphandle. Ukwengeza amakha okokwenziwa kuyindlela evamile yomgunyathi.
  • Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo ekhwalithini ekunikiwe iwuphawu olukhathazayo: lokhu kungaba izinto ezishibhile zezinye izinhlobo, ezicindezelwe ngobuchwepheshe obulula.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• I-Zhangping Shuixian iwukuphela kwe-oolong emhlabeni ecindezelwe: phakathi kwezinkulungwane zamatiye ohlobo lwe-oolong, alikho elinye elikhiqizwa ngesimo sethayili. Inguqulo ebomvu izuze lobu buchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele, yabunweba ngaphesheya kwesigaba se-oolong.
• Usayizi wamathayili etiye uguquke phakathi nekhulu leminyaka: amathayili okuqala ayengu-8×8 cm futhi enesisindo esicishe sibe ngu-20 g (ama-25 nge-500 g), kanti izinga lanamuhla lingu-5×5 cm, ngalinye linesisindo esicishe sibe ngu-9 g (ama-54 nge-500 g), okwenza ithayili elilodwa libe isilinganiso esihle sokuphisa okukodwa.
• Umsunguli wobuchwepheshe bokucindezela u-Liu Yongfa wayebeka uphawu lwakhe “Yongfa” (永发) kumathayili akhe futhi abhale ukuthi: “Ningyang Dahui Xiang Qixingyan, ukuvuna okuzimele kwe-narcissus yamanzi yangempela yamatshe” — omunye wemizamo yokuqala yokwenza uphawu lwezohwebo lwetiye eShayina.
• Ifomu elicindezelwe lasungulwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingokoqobo: itiye elicwengekile le-Shuixian elinamahlamvu amakhulu neziqu eziwugqinsi lalithatha indawo enkulu kakhulu futhi limunce umswakama ngokushesha lapho lithuthwa. Ithayili laxazulula zombili lezi zinkinga.
• Itiye elibomvu le-Shuixian elisesimweni esicindezelwe likwazi kahle ukupholiswa futhi lingaphuzwa neqhwa, ligcine ukunotha kokunambitha — okuyisici esingajwayelekile setiye elicindezelwe.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye abomvu:

• I-Zhangping Shuixian Oolong (漳平水仙乌龙, Zhāngpíng Shuǐxiān Wūlóng): I-oolong eyingxenye evuthwe yendabuko yalesi sifunda evela ezintweni ezifanayo. Ihluke ngezinga lokuvuthwa (20–40% esikhundleni sika-85–90%), ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza (obuhlanganisa isigaba “sokwenza uhlaza” — 做青) kanye nephrofayili yokunambitha: kugcwele izimbali kanye nezinkomba eziluhlaza esikhundleni sobumnandi beju nezithelo benguqulo ebomvu. I-infusion inombala osagolide oluhlaza esikhundleni sobomvu wotshwala.
• I-Zheng Shan Xiao Zhong (正山小种, Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng): Itiye elibomvu elidume lase-Wuyi Nature Reserve eTongmu (桐木, Tóngmù). Lisebenzisa ama-cultivar amancane amahlamvu, lihluke ngezinkomba ezinentuthu (enguqulweni yakudala) kanye nesici esigqamile sikaphayini. I-Zhangping Hongcha Bing ithambe kakhudlwana, inoshukela kakhulu futhi ayinantuthu.
• I-Jin Jun Mei (金骏眉, Jīn Jùnméi): Itiye elibomvu laseFujian elisezingeni eliphezulu, elenziwe ngamahlumela kuphela. Lihluke ngokunambitheka okuncane, okucwengisiwe kakhulu nezinkomba zika-bhatata omnandi nezithelo ezomisiwe. I-Zhangping Hongcha Bing iminyene futhi inamafutha kakhulu ngenxa yeqabunga elivuthiwe nokucindezelwa.
• I-Dian Hong (滇红, Diānhóng): Itiye elibomvu laseYunnan elivela ezintweni ezinamahlamvu amakhulu ze-var. assamica. Linezinkomba ezigqamile zoju nopelepele, umzimba onamandla. I-Zhangping Hongcha Bing imnene kakhulu, inesimo sezimbali, esizuzwe njengefa ku-cultivar Shuixian.

Ekuphetheni

I-Zhangping Shuixian Hongcha Bing iyisibonelo esigqamile sokuthuthukiswa kwamasiko amakhulu eminyaka. Ngokuhlanganisa i-cultivar yaseFujian edumile i-Shuixian, ubuchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele baseZhangping bokucindezela ngesandla kube amathayili ayisikwele, kanye nendlela yokuvuthwa okuphelele kwetiye elibomvu, izingcweti zendawo zenze isiphuzo esiyingqayizivele esingenakuqhathaniswa emhlabeni wetiye. Ukunambitheka okuminyene, okunamafutha, nobumnandi bezimbali noju, ukungabikho ngokuphelele kobumuncu, ikhono lokuphindaphinda ukwenza itiye ngokuthela, kanye nefomu elihle lesabelo — ithayili elilodwa ngesikhathi setiye — kwenza leli tiye likhange kubathandi abanolwazi abafisa ukwandisa umkhathizwe wabo wetiye, kanye nakubasaqalayo, abangaba ngumhlahlandlela othambile nonobungane emhlabeni wamatiye abomvu aseShayina asezingeni eliphezulu.