I-Yóuxī Lǜchá · new.thetea.app

I-Yóuxī Lǜchá yitiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseFujian, elikhiqizwa esifundeni i-Yóuxī (尤溪县, Yóuxī Xiàn) ngaphansi kukahulumeni wedolobha i-Sānmíng, esifundazweni sase-Fujian. Iyingxenye yeqembu le-hōngqīng lǜchá (烘青绿茶, hōngqīng lǜchá) — amatiye aluhlaza omiswe ngomoya oshisayo. Lo mkhiqizo uqinisekiswe ngophawu lwezindawo (地理标志集体商标) kusukela ngo-2010. Isibonakaliso esikhulu se-Yóuxī Lǜchá yilo olubizwa ngokuthi “ubuluhlaza obuthathu” (三绿, sān lǜ): iqabunga elomile eliluhlaza njenge-emerald, uphuzo oluluhlaza njenge-jade, nendawo yetiye ephansi enombala oluhlaza ngobumnene. Isifunda i-Yóuxī siphakathi “kwezifunda eziyishumi eziphambili zokukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza ngokwemvelo eShayina” (全国十大生态产茶县), futhi itiye lendawo eliluhlaza selizuze isihloko esingesona esisemthethweni esithi “Ubuluhlaza bokuqala baseMpumalanga yeShayina” (华东第一绿, Huádōng Dì Yī Lǜ) ngenxa yesikhathi sokukha kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kunazo zonke esifundeni sasetiye sase-Huádōng.

1. Isigaba kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá) — elingavutshelwanga; izinga lokufakwa komoya-mpilo lincane kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-5%). Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko yi-hōngqīng (烘青, hōngqīng), ukumiswa ngomoya oshisayo; ingxenye yomkhiqizo ingaphansi kwe-chǎoqīng (炒青, chǎoqīng) — ukugazingwa epanini le-wok.
Isigaba: Amatiye aluhlaza esifunda saseShayina, imikhiqizo enophawu lwezindawo (地理标志产品, dìlǐ biāozhì chǎnpǐn).
Imvelaphi: IShayina, isifundazwe sase-Fujian (福建省, Fújiàn Shěng), uhulumeni wedolobha i-Sānmíng (三明市, Sānmíng Shì), isifunda i-Yóuxī (尤溪县, Yóuxī Xiàn). Indawo evikelekile ihlanganisa izigodi namalokishi ayi-15: i-Chéngguān (城关镇), i-Méixiān (梅仙镇), i-Liánhé (联合镇), i-Xībīn (西滨镇), i-Yóuxīkǒu (尤溪口镇), i-Yángzhōng (洋中镇), i-Tāngchuān (汤川乡), i-Xīwěi (溪尾乡), i-Zhōngxiān (中仙镇), i-Táixī (台溪乡), i-Bǎnmiàn (坂面镇), i-Xīnyáng (新阳镇), i-Bāzǐbuli (ibhuloho) nokunye.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: 25°50′–26°26′ N, 117°48′–118°40′ E.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando:

Isiko letiye esifundeni i-Yóuxī lisukela enkathini ye-Táng (唐, 618–907). Embhalweni othi “Chá Jīng” (《茶经》, Chá Jīng) ka-Lù Yǔ (陆羽, Lù Yǔ), owabhalwa cishe ngeminyaka ye-760–780, esigabeni esithi “Izindawo Eziyisishiyagalombili Lapho Itiye Lizalwa Khona” (八之出) kukhulunywa ngamatiye ase-Fúzhōu (福州) nase-Jiànzhōu (建州) — izindawo ezazihlanganisa nezwe laseYóuxī yanamuhla. Imibhalo yendawo ibika ukuthi itiye elivela esifundeni sase-Jiànzhōu (剑州), lapho iYóuxī yayiyingxenye yalo, lalihlukile ngezinga eliphezulu futhi lalivame ukulethwa enkantolo njenge-gòngchá (贡茶, gòngchá — itiye lesipho).

Ngenkathi ye-Míng (明, 1368–1644), umlando wesifunda i-“Yóuxī Xiàn Zhì” (《尤溪县志》), owabhalwa ngesikhathi sika-Jiājìng (嘉靖, 1522–1566), ubonisa intela yetiye engama-silver ingots angu-25, okuwubufakazi bombonikazi wetiye ovuthiwe. Ngenkathi ye-Qīng (清, 1644–1912), ngesikhathi sombusi u-Qiánlóng (乾隆), umlando wesifunda ubika ukuthi amatiye angcono kakhulu ayesuka ezifundeni ze-20 ne-23, kanti umkhiqizo wonyaka wawufinyelela kumathani ayi-115. Ngemuva kokuvulwa “kwezingosi ezinhlanu” (五口通商), itiye lase-Yóuxī lathunyelwa emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (南洋, Nányáng).

Umlando wanamuhla: ngonyaka we-2010 itiye elithi “Yóuxī Lǜchá” lathola uphawu oluhlanganyelwe loqeqeshi olusemthethweni lwezindawo. Ngonyaka we-2018 isifunda sasingena phakathi “kwezifunda eziyikhulu ezinamandla zetiye eShayina” (全国茶业百强县). Ngonyaka we-2024 indawo yamasimu etiye yayifinyelele ku-102,000 mu (cishe amahektha ayi-6,800), umkhiqizo wonyaka wawungamathani ayi-16,800, kanti inani lawo wonke umsebenzi wekhonkco letiye lafinyelela ku-1.8 billion yuan. Imikhiqizo ithunyelwa emazweni e-EU naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.

Igama:

尤溪 (Yóuxī) yigama lendawo, eligama elithi “umfulana okhethekile”: 尤 (yóu) — “okhethekile, ovelele”, 溪 (xī) — “umfulana wasentabeni, umfudlana”. 绿茶 (lǜchá) – “itiye eliluhlaza”. Ngakho-ke igama eliphelele lisho ukuthi “itiye eliluhlaza lase-Yóuxī”.

Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:

I-Yóuxī Lǜchá iyaziqhenya futhi iwubuso besifunda. Imbonikazi yetiye iyingqayizivele emnothweni wendawo: esifundeni kune-chain ephelele kusukela esimini kuya ekuthekelweni. Idolobhana lase-Táixī (台溪乡) ngenxa yokukhiqiza itiye selamukelwa njenge “Dolobhana Likazwelonke Elinomkhiqizo Okhethekile Wezolimo Odlula I-Billion 1 Yuan Ngonyaka” (全国乡村特色产业产值超10亿元镇). Ukukha kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuyisenzakalo sangempela: amatiye aseYóuxī avela emakethe ngoMkhosi Wezibani (元宵节, Yuánxiāo Jié), edlula amatiye aluhlaza ase-Zhèjiāng nase-Jiāngsū cishe ngezinyanga ezimbili.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar:

Esifundeni kulinywa izinhlobo ezimbalwa eziyinhloko zesihlahla setiye (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis):

— Fúyún 6-hào (福云6号, Fúyún Liù Hào) — uhlobo oluqala kakhulu (特早芽种, tè zǎo yá zhǒng). Olungenye yezihlahla ezinamaqabunga amaphakathi (灌木中叶种). Unamandla okumelana namakhaza. Ulungele kakhulu ukwenziwa kwamatiye asicaba (扁形茶). Yilona olusiza ukuthi kutholakale izikhathi zokukha eziqoshwe amarekhodi ekuseni kakhulu entwasahlobo.

— Fú’ān Dàbái (福安大白, Fú’ān Dàbái) — uhlobo oluvuthwa maphakathi, oluphawuleka ngoboya obuningi (毫, háo) emiqulwini. Lusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amatiye amise okwensimbi (针形茶).

— Jīn Guānyīn (金观音, Jīn Guānyīn) — obhalisiwe futhi njengo-“Míngkē 1-hào” (茗科1号). Lona yingxube ekhethiwe, eyayihloselwe ukukhiqiza ama-oolong, kodwa e-Yóuxī yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwitiye eliluhlaza. Inika umkhiqizo iphunga elinemizwa ye-orchid (兰香, lán xiāng). Isetshenziswa kumatiye agoqiwe (卷曲形茶).

Izinga lokusabalala kwezinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe (良种覆盖率) lingu-93%. Okumayelana nama-polyphenol etiye eqabungeni lasentwasahlobo akukho ngaphansi kuka-18.3%, ngenkathi kunomthamo omkhulu wama-amino acid.

Ukukha:

Ukukha okuyinhloko kwenzeka entwasahlobo (春茶, chūnchá), kusukela maphakathi no-February (eminyakeni enhle — ngoMkhosi Wezibani) kuya ku-April. Kumabanga aphezulu, kukhiwa ngaphambi kwe-Qīngmíng (明前茶, míng qián chá).

Izinga lokukha:

Lilawulwa indinganiso ye-T/CSTEA 00043-2022. Ibanga elikhethekile (特级, tèjí): iqhuvu elilodwa (单芽, dān yá) noma iqhuvu elineqabunga elilodwa ebeliqala ukuvuleka (一芽一叶初展), ubude abudluli ku-3 cm. Ibanga lokuqala (一级, yī jí): iqhuvu elineqabunga elilodwa (一芽一叶), ubude abudluli ku-3.5 cm. Ibanga lesibili (二级, èr jí): iqhuvu elinamaqabunga amabili aqala ukuvuleka (一芽二叶初展), ubude abudluli ku-4 cm.

Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Kukhona umthetho “wemithetho emihlanu yokungakhi” (五不采, wǔ bù cǎi): akukhiwa uma kunemvula, akukhiwa amaqabunga anamazolo, akukhiwa amahlumela ansomi, akukhiwa amaqabunga alimele noma agulayo, akukhiwa izinto ezingaqondene nezinga. Kuhlelo olusetshenziswayo lokuvikela izitshalo ngendlela eluhlaza (amaphaneli aphuzi aheha izinambuzane + umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane ophilayo), umquba wamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane akungavunyelwe ngokuphelele. Yonke imikhiqizo ihlolwa nge-100% ukuthola izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:

Isifunda i-Yóuxī siqhelelene maphakathi nesifundazwe sase-Fujian, lapho kuhlangana khona izintaba zase-Dàiyún (戴云山脉, Dàiyún Shānmài) nezase-Wǔyí (武夷山脉, Wǔyí Shānmài). Lokhu kwakha izimo eziyingqayizivele zokulima itiye.

Ubude bokukhula: 300–1,000 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical monsoon. Umkhawulandelwa wamanani okufudumala onyaka ngu-18.9 °C. Umthamo wemvula ngonyaka — cishe u-1,570 mm. Izinsuku ezinenkungu — ezingaphezu kwezi-180 ngonyaka. Umehluko wokufudumala phakathi kosuku nobusuku — ungaphezu kuka-10 °C. Ingxenye yokukhanya okusabalalisiwe ifinyelela ku-70%, okuvumela isikhathi sokukhula kwesihlahla setiye futhi kusize ukugcwala kwama-amino acid eqabungeni.
Inhlabathi: Kuningi i-acidic red and yellow soils (酸性红壤、黄壤), nokujula kwengxenye evundile okungaphezu kwe-1 m, kanye nomthamo ocebile wezinto eziphilayo. Izinga le-pH — 4.5–6.0, okuyikho okulungele isihlahla setiye.
Imvelo: Amaphesenti angama-78.48 endawo anamahlathi. Ukungcola kwezimboni akunjalo. Ngenxa yobuningi bezinto eziphilayo, ukuvikela kwemvelo ngezinto eziphilayo ezinambuzaneni kunciphisa inani lazo ngama-60%.

Isici esibalulekile: ukufudumala kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuvumela ukukha kwetiye kuqale ngaphambi kwakho konke esifundeni sase-Huádōng — kakade maphakathi no-February. Isikhathi eside sokusina ebusika nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kukhuthaza ukugcwala okukhulu kwama-amino acid akhululekile, okuletha ukunambitheka okusha okuvezayo (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng).

Inhliziyo yokukhiqiza: Idolobhana lase-Táixī (台溪乡) — 38,000 mu amasimu etiye (amaphesenti angama-37 endawo yesifunda); amadolobhana ase-Bǎnmiàn (坂面镇) nase-Tāngchuān (汤川乡).

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Yóuxī Lǜchá ikhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile betiye eliluhlaza, ngendlela eyinhloko yokumisa — ukugazingwa emgqonyeni (滚筒杀青, gǔntǒng shāqīng), okulandelwa ukubumba nokumiswa komoya. Ingxenye yomkhiqizo (iqembu le-chǎoqīng) idlula ekugazingeni epanini le-wok. Isici esiphawulekayo yinhlanganisela yokubumba ngesandla (kumatiye agoqiwe — kufinyelela emisebenzini eyi-14) nezigaba ezenziwa ngemishini.

Ukukha iqabunga elisha (采摘, cǎi zhāi): Kukhiwa ngesandla ngokwezinga “lemithetho emihlanu”. Kumabanga aphezulu — amaqhuvu angawodwa noma iqhuvu elineqabunga elilodwa, akhiwa ngaphambi kwe-Qīngmíng.
Ukumisa ama-enzyme / “ukubulala ubuluhlaza” (杀青, shāqīng): Kwenziwa emgqonyeni ophaphathayo ngokufudumala okungu-240–260 °C. Inhloso wukumisa ngokushesha umsebenzi we-polyphenol oxidase nokukhiye umbala oluhlaza weqabunga (锁翠, suǒ cuì — “ukuvala i-emerald”).
Ukugoqa (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukuphushwa okuncane ngesikhathi esifushane (轻压短揉, qīng yā duǎn róu). Umsebenzi wawo wukucekela phansi isakhiwo samangqamuzana ukuze kukhishwe lapho kubanjelwa amanzi ashisayo, kodwa kugcinwe ukuphelela kwesimo seqabunga. Kumatiye agoqiwe, kwenziwa ukubumba ngesandla (手工搓揉, shǒugōng cuōróu) — ukunikeza iqabunga isimo sasemoya ogoqekayo; lenqubo ingahlanganisa imisebenzi ehlukene efinyelela kweyi-14.
Ukuhlukanisa izigaxa (解块, jiě kuài): Ukwehlukanisa amaqabunga anamathelene ngemva kokugotshwa.
Ukumisa (烘干, hōnggān): Ngomoya oshisayo okufinyelela ku-110–120 °C kuze kufike emazingeni okuswakama angadluli ku-6.5%. Kweqembu lomkhiqizo we-chǎoqīng — isigaba sokuqedela sifaka nokugazingwa epanini le-wok.

Izinhlobo ngokwesimo nobuchwepheshe:

Ngokwendinganiso ye-T/CSTEA 00042-2022, i-Yóuxī Lǜchá ihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:

Hōngqīng (烘青, ukumiswa ngomoya oshisayo): — I-Yóuxī Máofēng (尤溪毛峰) — iqabunga elikhululekile elineboya; — I-Yóuxī Juǎnyuán (尤溪卷曲/螺形) — eligoqiwe libe yisiphethu; ummeleli — u-“Yúnfù Xuěyá” (云富雪芽); — I-Yóuxī Duǒxíng (尤溪朵形) — elimise okwebhuthi; — I-Yóuxī Biǎnzhēn (尤溪扁针) — inaliti eyisicaba.

Chǎoqīng (炒青, ukugazingwa): — I-Yóuxī Biǎnchǎoqīng (尤溪扁炒青) — eliyisicaba elugaziiwe; ummeleli — u-“Pénglái Yínluó” (蓬莱银螺); — I-Yóuxī Yuánchǎoqīng (尤溪圆炒青) — eliyindilinga elugaziiwe; — I-Yóuxī Chángchǎoqīng (尤溪长炒青) — elinde elugaziiwe; ummeleli — u-“Qīpǐn Yīpǐn” (七香一品, okumise okwensimbi).

6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngezinzwa:

Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Kuncike esimweni: amatiye asicaba (扁形) — alinganayo, aqondile, aluhlaza njenge-emerald; amatiye amise okwensimbi (针形) — amancane, aqondile, anoboya obumhlophe obuningi (白毫, bái háo); amatiye agoqiwe (卷曲形) — agoqeke kakhulu njengesiphethu, aluhlaza okumnyama ngokukhazimula okuyisiliva okuvela oboyeni. Isici esijwayelekile — ukufana, ubumsulwa, ukungabi bikho kwezinduku ezimahhadlahhadla.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile, elisha, elinethoni ekhanyayo yotshani nezimbali. Amatiye asicaba abonisa iphunga le-castanea (栗香, lì xiāng) kanye nezici zikabhontshisi. Amatiye agoqiwe avela ku-cultivar i-Jīn Guānyīn aphawuleka ngephunga elinamandla le-orchid (兰香, lán xiāng).
Iphunga lephuzo: Eliphakeme nelihlala isikhathi eside. Ithoni eyinhloko — uhlaza olusha (清香, qīngxiāng); emabangeni aphezulu — imizwa emincane yezimbali. Uma seligugile, kungabonakala iphunga loju (蜜香, mì xiāng).
Ukunambitheka: Okusha nokuhlanzekile (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng), kugcwele umzimba (醇厚, chúnhòu), nobumnandi obuqhubekayo (回甘, huígān). Ukugcwala ngama-amino acid kunikeza inothi elinemizwa ye-umami. Ukunambitheka kuhlala kamnandi kumakhiwane angu-4–5 noma ngaphezulu.
Umbala wephuzo: Oluhlaza ngokukhanya (碧绿, bìlǜ), ohlanzekile futhi obonisa ngaphakathi, nokucwebezela okunokuphila. Kumatiye asicaba awosiwe — ophuzi ngokuluhlaza, okhanyayo futhi ohlanzekile.
Indawo yetiye ephansi (iqabunga elibilisiwe): Eliluhlaza ngobumnene, elifanayo, nokucwebezela okuphilayo (嫩绿匀亮, nèn lǜ yún liàng). Amaqabunga namabhuthi abukeka esemasha, “ephila,” njengokungathi asemagatsheni. Isimo seqabunga lapho sivuleka sifana nembali ye-orchid (芽叶鲜活如兰).

7. Ukwakheka Kwekhemikhali:

I-Yóuxī Lǜchá iphawuleka ngomthamo ophakeme wezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo, okuqondene ne-terroir yezintaba eziphakeme, umehluko omkhulu wokufudumala phakathi kosuku nobusuku, kanye nokukhiwa kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚, chá duōfēn): Umthamo kutiye oluphelele ufinyelela ku-37.04% — ophakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza (imvamisa 20–30%). Ingxenye enkulu — ama-catechin (儿茶素, ér chá sù), ikakhulukazi i-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Umthamo omkhulu wama-polyphenol unikeza amandla amakhulu okulwa nama-oxidizing agents.
Ama-Amino acid (氨基酸, ānjī suān): Umthamo uwonke uphakeme ngenxa yesikhathi eside sasebusika nobuningi bokukhanya okusabalalisiwe. Kuningi kakhulu i-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸, L-chá ānjī suān) — i-amino acid eyisici setiye, ebhekele inothi le-umami futhi enomphumela wokuphumuza. Isilinganiso esiphezulu sama-amino acid kuma-polyphenol sinikeza ukunambitheka okusha, okuvumelanayo.
Ama-Alkaloid: I-Caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēi jiǎn) — umthamo ojwayelekile wetiye eliluhlaza cishe u-2–4% wesisindo esomile. Kuphinde kube khona i-theobromine (可可碱) ne-theophylline (茶碱) ngamanani amancane kakhulu.
Amavithamini: Uvithamini C (i-ascorbic acid) — umthamo uphezulu kakhulu kunamatiye abomvu, ngenxa yokufakwa komoya-mpilo okuncane. Kukhona amavithamini eqembu B (B₁, B₂), uvithamini E (ama-tocopherol), uvithamini K.
Amaminerali: I-Fluorine (氟, fú) — umthamo omkhulu, onomphumela wokuvikela uqweqwe lwamazinyo. Kukhona futhi i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-manganese, i-selenium.
Amafutha aphunga kamnandi: Izinto ezinuka kamnandi zimelelwa amakhulu ezingxenye — ama-alcohol, ama-aldehyde, ama-ester. Kwezinhlobo ezisuselwa ku-Jīn Guānyīn, kuvamile i-linalool ne-geraniol, okubeka iphunga lezimbali.
Izici eziyingqayizivele zokwakheka: Iphesenti eliphakeme ngokungavamile lama-polyphenol (37.04%) kanye nomthamo ophakeme ngasikhathi sinye wama-amino acid — inhlanganisela engavamile, imvamisa lezi zinkomba zihlobene ngokuphambene. Lokhu kuchazwa ukushisa komoya okukhethekile: ukukhanya okusabalalisiwe kuvimbela ukushintshwa kwama-amino acid abe ama-catechin, kanti ukufudumala okukhulu emini kukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwama-polyphenol.

8. Izinzuzo Zempilo:

Umsebenzi onamandla we-anti-oxidant: Ngenxa yomthamo wama-polyphenol ongu-37.04%, ukusebenza kokuncipha kwama-radical akhululekile kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuphakeme ngama-40% kunesilinganiso setiye eliluhlaza elijwayelekile. I-EGCG ingenye yezinto zokulwa nezifo eziphilayo ezifundwe kakhulu.
Ukwenyuswa kwezinga lama-lipid egazini: Ama-catechin asiza ekulawuleni ukwakhiwa kwe-cholesterol esibindini, anciphise izinga “elibi” le-LDL-cholesterol. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi itiye eliluhlaza linganciphisa umthamo wama-lipid egazini ngama-25% ngempumelelo kakhulu kunetiye elibomvu, ngenxa yokugcinwa kwama-catechin angashintshiwe.
Ukulawulwa kwezinga leshukela: I-EGCG ivimbela umsebenzi we-amylase ne-glucosidase, ibambezela ukumuncwa kwe-glucose futhi ivimbele ukwenyuka okukhulu kwezinga leshukela egazini ngemva kokudla.
Ukuvikelwa koqweqwe lwamazinyo: Umthamo omkhulu we-fluorine ngokuhlangana nama-polyphenol wakha ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-fluorapatite ebusweni bamazinyo, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukumelana nokubola kwamazinyo. Umsebenzi wokubulala amagciwane wama-polyphenol ubuye uvimbele ukusebenza kwezinto ezibangela ukubola kwamazinyo.
Umthelela wokuvuselela nokucija ingqondo: Ukuhlangana kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kunikeza amandla athambile, ahlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuphatheka kabi. I-L-theanine ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-wave e-alpha ebuchosheni, ithuthukise ukugxila nenkumbulo.
Ukusekela ukugaya: Ama-polyphenol akhuthaza ukuhamba kwamathumbu futhi anomsebenzi wokubulala izinambuzane emanzoni asesiswini.
Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba: I-L-theanine inyusa umsebenzi wamaseli e-γδ-T, iqinise ukuzivikela komzimba okungokwemvelo.
Ukusekela isimo sesikhumba: Ama-anti-oxidant abambezela ukuguga okubangelwa ilanga futhi azise ukulwa nemiphumela yokukhanya kwe-UV.

9. Ukubanjelwa Amanzi Ashisayo:

Ukushisa kwamanzi: 80–85 °C (kumabanga akhethekile aqhamuka emaqhuvini angawodwa – kungavunyelwa ukwehliswa kuze kufike ku-75 °C). Amanzi abilayo awavunyelwe: ukushisa okungaphezu kuka-85 °C kucekela phansi i-theanine futhi kuqinise ubutha.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml (isilinganiso esingu-1:50). Lapho kubanjelwa amanzi ashisayo nge-gàiwǎn — 5 g ku-100–120 ml.
Izitsha: Igilasi engabonisi (玻璃杯, bōli bēi) — ilungele ukubukela “umdanso wetiye eliluhlaza” (绿茶舞): ukuvuleka kwamaqhuvu namaqabunga emanzini. I-gàiwǎn emhlophe ye-porcelain (白瓷盖碗, bái cí gàiwǎn) — yokuhlaziya iphunga nokulawula ngokuphelele ukukhishwa kwencithakalo.
Inqubo:

Fudumeza isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, uwachithe.
Thela itiye. Kumatiye amise okwensimbi nalawo asicaba, kunconyelwa indlela yokuthela phezulu (上投法, shàng tóu fǎ): kuqala amanzi, bese kuba itiye. Kulawo agoqiwe — indlela yokuthela maphakathi (中投法, zhōng tóu fǎ): thela ingxenye ka-⅓ yomthamo, unyakazise kancane ukuze kuvuleke iphunga (摇香, yáo xiāng), bese uthela konke.
Ukuhlanza akudingeki — izinto ezithambile zivuleka kusukela ekutheni kokuqala.
Itheku lokuqala — imizuzwana engu-30.
Itheku ngalinye elilandelayo lande ngemizuzwana engu-15–20.
Ukubanjelwa amanzi ashisayo okuphindaphindiwe — izikhathi ezi-3–5 (izinhlobo ezigoqiwe zikwazi ukumelana namakhiwane afinyelela ku-4–5, ezicaba — amakhiwane amathathu kuya kwamane).

Amanzi: Kunconywa amanzi athambile aneminerali encane — wona avula ubumnandi nemininingwane yephunga ngendlela engcono kakhulu.

10. Ukulondoloza:

Izimo: Ikhwa elifakwe uphawu, elingangenwa ukukhanya. Okuhle kakhulu — isiqandisi ekushiseni okungu-0–5 °C. Gwemani ngempela ukuxhumana namaphunga angaphandle, umswakama, nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Iziqukathi: Amaphakethe e-vacuum e-foil, amathini ensimbi anezembozo eziqinile, noma amaphakethe etiye akhethekile anokuvala okunamaziphu.
Isikhathi sokugcina: Lithandeka kakhulu ezinyangeni zokuqala ezi-6–12 ngemuva kokukhiqizwa. Ngemuva kokuvula iphakethe, kunconywa ukusebenzisa phakathi nezinyanga ezi-1–3, ugcinwe esiqandisini esitsheni esivalwe ngokuphelele.
Izitha zetiye: Ukukhanya (kusheshisa ukumunca komoya-mpilo kwe-chlorophyll nama-catechin), umswakama (udala isikhutha), ukushisa okuphezulu (kusheshisa ukulahlekelwa iphunga), amaphunga angaphandle (itiye limunca amaphunga ngenkuthalo).
Isiqaphelo: Itiye elisha kunconywa ukuba “likhululeke” (醒茶, xǐng chá) endaweni enomthunzi izinsuku ezi-5–7 ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuze kususwe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “umlilo” (火气, huǒqì), okuzuzwe ngesikhathi sokusitshwa.

11. Intengo Nokugwema Umgunyazo:

Isigaba sentengo: I-Yóuxī Lǜchá iphakathi kwesigaba semali esimaphakathi phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseShayina. Intengo iyehlukahluka kuye ngebanga nesimo: ibanga elikhethekile (明前茶) elivela emaqhuvini angawodwa — kusukela ku-800 yuan/ijin (500 g) nangaphezulu; ibanga lokuqala — 400–600 yuan/ijin; ibanga lesibili — 150–300 yuan/ijin. Intengo ithonywa inkathi yokukha, i-cultivar, ukubumba ngesandla noma ngomshini.
Indlela yokugwema umgunyazo:

— Ukuthenga kubathengisi abathembekile: Khetha imikhiqizo enophawu lwezindawo oluthi “尤溪绿茶” kanye nelogo yophawu lohwebo oluhlanganyelwe. Kungcono ukuthenga kubakhiqizi bendawo abaziwayo noma abasabalalisi abaqinisekisiwe.

— Ukuhlola isimo sangaphandle: I-Yóuxī Lǜchá yeqiniso iphawuleka ngesimo seqabunga esilinganayo, esifanayo, umbala ogcwele oluhlaza, ukungabi bikho kwezinduku ezimahhadlahhadla namaqabunga aphukile. Kumatiye asesimweni sesiphethu — ukugoteka okuqinile, okuqinile; kumatiye amise okwensimbi — isimo esiqondile esifanayo noboya obuningi.

— Ukuhlola iphunga: Elihlanzekile, elisha, elingenazo izinto ezibolile, ezimuncu, noma ezingcolile. Ukunambitheka kwe-castanea noma kwezimbali kuwuphawu lwezinga eliphezulu. Ukunuka okufiphele, okungahluzi kukhomba izinto ezindala noma ezigcinwe ngendlela engafanele.

— Ukuhlola uphuzo: Olukhanyayo, oluluhlaza ngokukhanya (noma ophuzi ngokuluhlaza kwezinhlobo ezigaziwe), ngaphandle kokungcola. Uphuzo olungcolile noma olunsundu kufakazela ukwephulwa kobuchwepheshe noma ukugcinwa isikhathi eside.

— Ukuhlola intengo: Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo (engaphansi kwe-100 yuan/ijin ngebanga okuthiwa likhethekile) iyisizathu esiqinile sokungabaza ubuqiniso.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

“Ubuluhlaza Bokuqala BaseMpumalanga yeShayina”: I-Yóuxī Lǜchá yitiye lokuqala eliluhlaza esifundeni sasetiye sase-Huádōng. Ukukha kwentwasahlobo kuqala ngoMkhosi Wezibani (maphakathi no-February), kudlule amatiye aziwayo ase-Zhèjiāng nase-Jiāngsū cishe ngezinyanga ezimbili. Isizathu wukufudumala kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo esigodini esisaphakathi kwezintaba eziphakathi kwezintaba zase-Dàiyún nezase-Wǔyí kanye ne-cultivar esheshayo kakhulu i-Fúyún 6-hào.
I-cultivar ye-oolong kwitiye eliluhlaza: I-Jīn Guānyīn (金观音), eyasungulwa njengohlobo lwe-oolong, e-Yóuxī isetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza. Lokhu kunikeza ingxenye yomkhiqizo inothi le-orchid elingajwayelekile kumatiye aluhlaza, okuhlobanisa kakhulu nama-oolong alula kunama-lǜchá ajwayelekile.
Imisebenzi engu-14 yesandla: Amatiye agoqiwe asesimweni sesiphethu (u-“Yúnfù Xuěyá” nokunye okufana nawo) abunjwa ngesandla ngezigaba eziyi-14 ezilandelanayo — okungenye yezindlela ezinzima kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseFujian.
Umhlanganisi wama-polyphenol: Umthamo wama-polyphenol etiye ofinyelela ku-37% yinkomba engavamile kwitiye eliluhlaza, imvamisa ebonakala ekukhiweni kwasehlobo kwezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amakhulu zase-Assam. Endabeni ye-Yóuxī, lokhu kufinyelelwa nge-terroir kanye nomthamo ophakeme ngasikhathi sinye wama-amino acid — inhlanganisela eyinqaba, echaza ukulinganisela okuyingqayizivele kokunambitheka.
Ukuthekelwa e-EU: I-Yóuxī Lǜchá ingelinye lamatiye aluhlaza esifunda saseShayina ambalwa adlule ekuqinisekisweni kwezinto eziphilayo zaseYurophu. I-100% yomkhiqizo ihlolwa ukuthola izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane, kanti uhlelo “lokuvikela ngokuluhlaza” (生物防控) aluvumeli nhlobo ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yamakhemikhali emasimini.

13. Uqhathaniso Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

Isici	I-Yóuxī Lǜchá (尤溪绿茶)	I-Sōngxī Lǜchá (松溪绿茶)	Ānjí Bái Chá (安吉白茶)	Xìnyáng Máo Jiān (信阳毛尖)
Isifundazwe	I-Fujian	I-Fujian	I-Zhèjiāng	I-Hénán
Uhlobo lokucutshungulwa	I-Hōngqīng / i-chǎoqīng	I-Hōngqīng	I-Chǎoqīng	I-Chǎoqīng
Isimo seqabunga	Isicaba, okwensimbi, okugotekileyo (izimo eziningana)	Okugotekileyo	Isicaba, okomkhonto	Naliti encane
Iphunga eliyinhloko	Ubusha obuhlanzekile, i-castanea / i-orchid (nge-cultivar)	Elisha, izimbali	I-orchid, ubisi	I-castanea, okusha
Ama-Polyphenol	Kuze kufike ku-37%	~20–25%	~10–14% (ephansi)	~22–28%
Isici esikhethekile	Ukukha kwangaphambi kwakho konke e-Huádōng; i-cultivar ye-oolong	Isitayela saseFujian, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-EU	I-cultivar engenambali, i-theanine eqopha umlando	Okunye “kwamatiye aluhlaza aziwayo ayishumi eShayina”

I-Yóuxī Lǜchá iyabonakala phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseFujian ngenxa yezimo eziningi eziyingqayizivele (izimo ezintathu eziyisisekelo ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa), ukukha kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwentwasahlobo okuqopha umlando, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-cultivar ye-oolong i-Jīn Guānyīn. Ngokungafani ne-Ānjí Bái Chá enama-polyphenol aphansi futhi egxile kwi-theanine, i-Yóuxī Lǜchá ikhombisa izinga eliphakeme ngokungavamile lama-polyphenol kanye nomthamo omuhle wama-amino acid — itiye elinamandla, eligcwele, hhayi “i-watercolor” ecekeceke.

Ekuphetheni

I-Yóuxī Lǜchá yitiye olivumbululayo kulabo abajwayele “amatiye amathathu amakhulu” aluhlaza aseShayina futhi befuna okusha. Ihlanganisa isiko lasetiye laseFujian elijwayelekile namandla angavamile kumatiye aluhlaza: iphrofayili enamandla yama-polyphenol, uhlaka olucebile lwama-amino acid, futhi, njengebhonasi, ithuba lokuhlangana nenothi le-orchid kwitiye eliluhlaza, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nama-oolong. Itiye lokuqala lentwasahlobo eMpumalanga yeShayina, elivela emakethe ngoMkhosi Wezibani, liyinketho enhle kulabo abangafuni ukulinda i-Qīngmíng futhi bafuna ukuqala inkathi yetiye ngomphimbo wentwasahlobo entsha, “esebusika” nanamuhla.