Yǒngtài lǜchá · new.thetea.app

Yǒngtài lǜchá — yitiyo eluhlaza lendawo elivela esifundeni sase-Yongtai esifundazweni saseFujian, elithole isimo somkhiqizo onokuvikelwa okukhethekile kwezindawo zokukhiqiza (国家农产品地理标志). Izici zawo eziyisisekelo zichazwa ngamafuphi ngokuthi “iphunga eliphakeme, ukunambitheka okuhlanzekile, umusi ocwebile, umbala othe xaxa” (香高、味醇、汤清、色润). Umlando ocwebile wokufuywa kwetiye kulesi sifunda esinezintaba ususukela enkathini ye-Tang, kanti ngesikhathi se-Ming, itiye lendawo lalethwa enkantolo yombusi njengomnikelo.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nendabuko:

Uhlobo: Itiyo eluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá) — elingagcwalisekanga; izinga lokugoca liphansi kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-5%).
Isigaba: Amatiye aseChina asezindaweni eziluhlaza, umkhiqizo onokuvikelwa okukhethekile kwezindawo zokukhiqiza eRiphabhuliki yaseChina.
Indawo: China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建省, Fújiàn shěng), isifunda sase-Yongtai (永泰县, Yǒngtài xiàn), umkhandlu wedolobha laseFuzhou (福州市, Fúzhōu shì). Kuhlanganisa amadolobhana nezindawo ezingama-21: Zhangcheng (樟城镇), Chengfeng (城峰镇), Geling (葛岭镇), Qingliang (清凉镇), Wutong (梧桐镇), Songkou (嵩口镇), Dayang (大洋镇), Tong’an (同安镇), Changqing (长庆镇), Tangqian (塘前乡), Danyun (丹云乡), Baiyun (白云乡), Hongxing (红星乡), Pangu (盘谷乡), Xiaba (霞拔乡), Dongyang (东洋乡), Gaiyang (盖洋乡), Fukou (洑口乡), Fuquan (富泉乡), Chixi (赤锡乡) kanye ne-Linglu (岭路乡).
Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba: cishe 118°23′–119°12′ E, 25°39′–26°05′ N.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Isiko letiye esifundeni sase-Yongtai lineminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Ngesikhathi senkathi ye-Tang (唐代, Táng dài, 618–907), ukukhiqizwa kwetiye kwakuvele kwenziwa: embhalweni odumile ka-Lu Yu othi “I-Canons Yetiyo” (《茶经》, Chájīng, cishe 760–780), indawo yaseFuzhou ibalwa njengesifunda setiyo, ngokwezokuma komhlaba kuhlanganisa namazwe anamuhla ase-Yongtai.

Ukuchuma kokufuywa kwetiye kwasendaweni kwagqama ngesikhathi se-Ming (明代, Míng dài, 1368–1644). Ekubuseni ngaphansi kwegama le-horongo elithi Hongwu (洪武, Hóngwǔ, 1368–1398), “itiyo elicolekile lase-Yongfu” (永福细茶, Yǒngfú xìchá) — okuyilo olwalubizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi lesifunda — lafakwa kuhlu lwezipho zembusi (贡品, gòngpǐn). Itiyo lase-Tengshan (藤山茶, Téngshān chá) kanye netiyo lase-Jiyan Temple (姬岩茶, Jīyán chá) lathola udumo olukhethekile.

Ngeminyaka yawo-1980, ukufuywa kwetiye e-Yongtai kwafinyelela ezingeni lezimboni: indawo engadini yetiyo yayihlanganisa u-25.1% wawo wonke umhlaba wetiyo wesifunda sase-Fuzhou, kanti inani elikhiqizwayo lalingu-31.5%. Imakethe eyinhloko yokuthengisa kwakuyizifundazwe ezisenyakatho ye-China.

Isigaba esisha sentuthuko sabonakala ngezikhathi ezibalulekile: ngonyaka wezi-2015, uMnyango Wezolimo we-Sinotibethi wanikeza i-Yǒngtài lǜchá isimo somkhiqizo onokuvikelwa okukhethekile kwezindawo zokukhiqiza (国家农产品地理标志). Ngonyaka wezi-2021, i-Yongtai yafakwa phakathi “Kwamadolobhana Ayikhulu Anamandla Kunazo Zonke Etiye aseChina” (中国茶叶百强县), kanti inani lemikhiqizo yawo wonke umkhakha wetiye wesifunda lafinyelela ezigidini eziyinkulungwane zama-yuan. Ngonyaka wezi-2022, itiyo lahlonishwa “njengophawu lomphakathi lwesifunda sase-Fuzhou”, kwathi ngo-2023 — “njengomkhiqizo kazwelonke onezici ezikhethekile” (全国名特优新农产品).
Igama: U-永泰 (Yǒngtài) yigama lendawo elisho “ukuthula okuphakade / ukuchuma okuphakade”; u-绿茶 (lǜchá) usho “itiyo eluhlaza”. Ngakho-ke, igama eligcwele likhomba ngqo indawo yemvelaphi kanye nesigaba: “itiyo eluhlaza elivela e-Yongtai”.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Yongtai ngokomlando ibizwa “njengengadi engemuva yase-Fuzhou” (福州后花园, Fúzhōu hòuhuāyuán) ngenxa yezintaba zayo ezinhle kanye nokuhlanzeka kwemvelo. Isiko letiyo lisatshalaliswe ngokujwayelekile endleleni yokuphila yasendaweni: umthetho othi “itiyo njengomnikelo, itiyo njengomkhuba” (以茶为礼、以茶生礼) udluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Ukuvunwa kwetiye kwentlakohlaza kuhlala kuyisenzakalo esibalulekile sonyaka, futhi iMnyuziyamu Yetiyo Eluhlaza Yase-Yongtai yesifunda yethulela izivakashi ngomlando kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufuywa kwetiye kwasendaweni.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Izinhlobo / Izitshalo: Ingxenye enkulu yamasimu (cishe u-70%) inezitshalo zochungechunge lwe-Fuyun (福云系列, Fúyún xìliè) — ikakhulukazi i-Fuyun 6-hao (福云6号, Fúyún liù hào) ne-Fuyun 595 (福云595, Fúyún wǔjiǔwǔ). Njengezinye ezengeziwe, kusetshenziswa i-Longjing 43 (龙井43, Lóngjǐng sìshísān), i-Tieguanyin (铁观音, Tiěguānyīn) ne-Jin Guanyin (金观音, Jīn Guānyīn). Eminyakeni yamuva, kufakwa izinhlobo ezintsha ezinamathuba amahle: i-Rongchun Zao (榕春早, Róngchūn zǎo) ne-Anji Baicha (安吉白茶, Ānjí Báichá). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusagcinwa inani labantu bendawo i-Yongtai Caicha (永泰菜茶, Yǒngtài càichá) — okuyisihlahla setiyo samandulo esinamaqabunga amancane. Zonke lezi zitshalo ezibaluliwe zingokohlobo Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Ukuvuna: Ukuvuna okuyinhloko kwenziwa entwasahlobo (ekupheleni kuka-March — u-April); kungenzeka futhi ehlobo nasekwindla. Itiyo lasentwasahlobo (春茶, chūnchá) liyigugu kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.
Izinga lokuvuna: Kuya ngokwesigaba: ngesigaba esikhethekile (特级, tèjí) — imiqumbe ehlukene noma umqumbe neqabunga elilodwa (单芽 noma 一芽一叶, yī yá yī yè); ngesigaba sokuqala (一级, yījí) — umqumbe namaqabunga amabili (一芽二叶, yī yá èr yè); ngesigaba sesibili (二级, èrjí) — umqumbe namaqabunga amathathu (一芽三叶, yī yá sān yè).
Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Amaqabunga kufanele abe mahle, aphelele, ngaphandle kokulimala kwemishini noma kwezifo. Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngesandla ekuseni ngesikhathi sezulu elomile.

4. Indawo Yokukhula Kanye Nezici Zokutshala:

Ukwakheka komhlaba nesimo sezulu: Isifunda sase-Yongtai sisendaweni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yomgogodla we-Daiyunshan (戴云山脉, Dàiyún shānmài), emazingeni aphakathi naphezulu omfula i-Dazhangxi (大樟溪, Dàzhāng xī) — okuyingxenye engaphansi koMfula i-Min. Ukwakheka komhlaba kunezintaba, isisho sendawo esithi “izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili izintaba, eyodwa amanzi, eyodwa amasimu” (八山一水一分田) sibonisa isimo sezwe: imigogodla yezintaba, izihwawu ezijulile, inqwaba yemifudlana. Isimo sezulu singesase-subtropical monsoon: izinga lokushisa lonyaka liphakathi kuka-14.6–20.7°C, inani lemvula lonyaka lingama-1400–2000 mm, inani lezinsuku ezinophhukhathane ngaphezu kuka-200 ngonyaka. Ukwehluka okukhulu kwamazinga okushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku kanye nokukhanya okuhlakazekile kukhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwama-amino acid emaqabungeni (etiyeni lasentwasahlobo ukuqukethwe kwama-amino acid ≥ 4.0%).
Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Ingxenye enkulu yamasimu etiye itholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-500 nangaphezulu ngaphezu kolwandle. Ukumbozwa kwehlathi kwesifunda kungu-76.8%.
Inhlabathi: Kunenhlabathi ebomvu (红壤, hóng rǎng) enokuzwa nge-acid (pH 4.0–5.5), ukwakheka okuhle kwesihlabathi, ungqimba olujulile oluvundile, nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi u-78% wenhlabathi yesifunda unothile nge-selenium (ukuqukethwe kwe-Se 0.15–0.35 mg/kg), okuyisici esihlukile sendawo yokukhula. Amanzi omfula i-Dazhangxi ahambelana nesigaba sesibili sokuhlanzeka. Emasimini kusebenzisa umjikelezo wezemvelo othi “ukufuywa kwezimbuzi — i-biogas — ukufuywa kwetiye” (猪-沼-茶), ongabandakanyi ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wamakhemikhali kanye nezibulalizinzwa.
Izindawo ezingaphansi ezibalulekile:
- Ingadi yetiye yase-Lufeng edolobhaneni lase-Tong’an (同安镇卢峰茶园, Tóng’ān zhèn Lúfēng cháyuán) — indawo yokubonisa yokuvakasha kwezemvelo yetiye.
- Iqembu lezihlahla zetiye zasendulo edolobhaneni lase-Wutong (梧桐镇古茶树群, Wútóng zhèn gǔ cháshù qún) — ubudala bezinye izibonelo bufinyelela eminyakeni engama-2500.
- Indawo yetiye yasethempelini i-Jiyan esigodini sase-Baiyun (白云乡姬岩茶区, Báiyún xiāng Jīyán cháqū) — ibhande lamafu elisendaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwama-500 m.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Yǒngtài lǜchá ikhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe besiko betiyo eluhlaza ngokugazinga njengendlela yokuqinisa (炒青, chǎoqīng). Umjikelezo wokukhiqiza uhlanganisa imisebenzi efinyelela kwengama-28 futhi ubhekwa njengefa lamasiko elingaphatheki. Isici esikhethekile — inhlanganisela yokucubungula ngemishini nangezandla, ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi oqalo nokhuni ukuze kugwemeke ukugqoka ngenxa yokuthintana nensimbi.

Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukuvuna ngesandla ngokwezinga elihambisana nesigaba esihlosiwe. Ngesigaba esikhethekile — amagremu angama-500 etiyo eselilungile adinga cishe imiqumbe engama-40,000.
Ukubuyisa/ukwandlala (摊放, tānfàng): Amaqabunga asanda kuvunwa andlalwa ngongqimba oluncane ezikhwameni zoqalo amahora ama-4 kuya kwayisi-6 ukuze kususwe umswakama ngokwengxenye futhi kusebenze izinqubo zama-enzyme ezakha iphunga.
Ukuqinisa — “ukubulala uhlaza” (杀青, shāqīng): Ukucubungula emgqonyeni ojikelezayo ezingeni lokushisa elingu-200–240°C. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lenza i-polyphenoloxidase ingasebenzi, livimbele ukugqoka futhi lilondoloze umbala ohlaza weqabunga.
Ukusonta (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukusonta okulula ngemishini imizuzu eyi-10–15 ngokucindezela okulingene. Kucekela phansi ukwakheka kwamaseli, kuqinisekise ukukhishwa ngokulinganayo lapho kulunywa.
Ukubumba (做形, zuòxíng): Ukusonta ngesandla kwaba yizintambo (搓条, cuōtiáo) — isigaba esakha isimo esibonakalayo “semicu eqinile, eqondile” (紧结匀整). Ngokuya ngokuhluka, iqabunga lingathatha isimo esisuka kokudondile kuya kokulukwe kancane.
Ukomisa (烘干, hōnggān): Ukomisa ngokucophelela ku-60–80°C kuze kube umswakama osele cishe u-5–6%. Kuqinisa isimo futhi kuzinzise iphrofayili yephunga.
Ukucwengisa (精制, jīngzhì): Ukuhlunga, ukulahla izikhondo kanye nokuhlunga kabusha.
Ukufudumeza okokugcina ukuze kuphakanyiswe iphunga (提香, tíxiāng): Isigaba esibalulekile, esakha iphunga eliwuphawu lokuhweba le-castnut (栗香, lìxiāng) le-Yǒngtài lǜchá. Kudinga ukulawulwa okunembe okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa kanye nesikhathi.

6. Izici Zezitho Zomzimba:

Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Imicu eqinile, elinganiselwe, eqondile (条索紧结匀整, tiáosuǒ jǐnjié yúnzhěng); umbala — uluhlaza ocwengekile nokukhanya okuncane futhi unoboya obumhlophe obonakalayo (色泽绿润毫显, sèzé lǜrùn háo xiǎn). Isimo seqabunga esiqondile — “ikhadi lokuhambela” lesitayela. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi: umucu oqondile (直条形, zhítiáo xíng) — njenge-Songkou Longjing (嵩口龙井) — nomucu olukwe kancane (曲条形, qūtiáo xíng) — okuyindlela yakudala, ejwayele kakhulu.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Lihlanzekile, licacile, linamanothi aqinile we-castnut. Esivunweni esisha — umphezulu wezimbali ogqamile.
Iphunga lomusi: Kunephunga le-castnut (栗香, lìxiāng) elemelayo — umaka oyinhloko wesitayela. Ezingxenyeni ezithile kukhona amanothi wezimbali kanye namanothi amancane otshani. Iphunga liphezulu, lizinze, linemikhakha eminingi.
Ukunambitheka: Kumnandi, kulula futhi kucinene, kunobulukaka obucacile kanye nokunambitheka okusemva okuyindilinga (鲜醇甘爽, xiān chún gān shuǎng). Ingxenye yomami izwakala ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. Uma kulunywe kahle, ubuhlungu nokubabayo kuncane kakhulu. Ukunambitheka okusemva kuhlanganisa i-huigang eqinile (回甘, huígān) — ubumnandi obubuyayo, kanye ne-shengjin (生津, shēngjīn) — ukukhiqizwa kwamathe okusebenzayo.
Umbala womusi: Uluhlaza ocwebezele, okhanyayo, ocwebile (汤色嫩绿明亮, tāngsè nènlǜ míngliàng); emaphusheni okuqala — unombala omncane ophuzi.
Isisekelo setiyo (iqabunga eselinyiwe): Luhlaza, likhanyayo, lilinganiselwe (叶底绿亮匀齐, yèdǐ lǜ liàng yún qí). Amaqabunga avuleka ngokugcwele, alondoloze ukunwebeka kanye nombala ofanayo.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Amapholifenoli (茶多酚, chá duōfēn): 10–30% (ngokomkhiqizo owomile), okuyinto ejwayelekile kumatiye aluhlaza. Amakhathikhini (ikakhulukazi i-EGCG) anikeza umsebenzi wokulwa nokugqwala; ngokwemithombo, ukusebenza kokuqeda amangqamuzana akhululekile kuphakeme izikhathi eziyi-18 kune-vitamin E. Ukuqukethwe kwamakhathikhini etiyeni elisendaweni ephakeme kuphansi kancane kunakwasemthambekeni, okunciphisa ubuhlungu bese kwengeza ubumnandi bomusi.
Ama-amino acid (氨基酸, ānjīsuān): Ukuqukethwe okuhlanganisiwe 100–220 g/kg (ngokuhlanjululwa emanzini), okuphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza. I-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸, L-cháānjīsuān) — yi-amino acid evelele, enikeza ukusha okuyisici kanye nomami. Izinga eliphezulu lama-amino acid libangelwa indawo yokukhula yezintaba: amazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nokukhanya okuhlakazekile kakhulu kwenza kwehle ukuguqulwa kwama-amino acid abe ngamapholifenoli.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēijiǎn) — 2–4%; i-theobromine ne-theophylline ngamanani amancane. Ukuqukethwe kwe-caffeine okusendaweni ephezulu yetiyo eluhlaza kunikeza umphumela oqinile wokukhuthaza.
Amavithamini: I-Vitamin C (i-ascorbic acid) igcinwa ngenani elibalulekile ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obucophelelayo. Kukhona futhi amavithamini eqembu B (B₁, B₂), i-vitamin E, i-beta-carotene.
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-fluoride. Isici esihlukile — ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-selenium (Se) etiyeni, okubangelwa ukwakheka kwenhlabathi yendawo. I-fluoride inesandla ekuqiniseni koqweqwe lwamazinyo kanye nokucindezela amagciwane abangela ukubola kwamazinyo.
Amafutha abalulekile: Anesibopho sokwakhiwa kwephrofayili yephunga le-castnut-nezimbali; ukuqukethwe nokwakheka kwawo kunqunywa esigabeni sokufudumeza okokugcina (提香).

8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:

Umsebenzi wokulwa nokugqwala: Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamapholifenoli namakhathikhini kuqinisekisa ukuqedwa okuphumelelayo kwamangqamuzana akhululekile, ukubambezeleka kwezinqubo zokuguga kwamaseli.
Umphumela wokukhuthaza: I-caffeine ihlangene ne-L-theanine inika amandla okukhuthaza amancane kodwa azinzile ngaphandle kokuvuka okukhulu — isimo “sokuhlala usebenzile ngokuthula”.
Ukusekelwa kokuhamba kwamafutha: Amakhathikhini asheshisa ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha; ngokwemininingwane ethile, ukusebenza kuphakeme ngama-30% kunakumatiye aluhlaza avamile, okungahle kuhlotshaniswe nokuhlobana okukhethekile kwamapholifenoli nama-amino acid.
Impilo yomlomo: I-fluoride, equkethwe emaqabungeni, icindezela ukukhula kwamagciwane abangela ukubola kwamazinyo futhi inciphise ukwakheka kwezingqimba zamazinyo.
Ukugayeka: Amapholifenoli akhuthaza kancane ukuhamba kwamathumbu, anciphise ukuvuvukala, asize ekugayweni kokudla.
Imisebenzi yokuqonda: I-L-theanine ithuthukisa ukugxila nokunciphisa ukukhathazeka, ingadonsi ubuthongo.
Ukuvikelwa nge-selenium: Ngenxa yokucebiswa ngokwemvelo nge-selenium, ukudla njalo kungaba negalelo ekusekeleni amasosha omzimba kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant ezingeni lamaseli.

9. Ukulunywa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C. Akunconywa neze ukusebenzisa amanzi abilayo (ngaphezu kuka-90°C) — i-L-theanine iyabhujiswa, ukusha kuyalahleka, ubuhlungu buyanda.
Inani letiyo: amagremu ama-3 ku-150 ml (isilinganiso 1:50) ngendlela yengilazi; amagremu ama-5–7 ngokwe-gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) 100–120 ml ngokwe-gongfu.
Izitsha: Ingilazi yegilasi (玻璃杯, bōlibēi) — ukukhetha okuhle: ivumela ukubuka ukuvuleka kwemidumbe emanzini (“umdanso wezindondo zetiye”). Futhi kufaneleka i-gaiwan eyenziwe ngesigaxa esimhlophe kanye nokamelo oluncane lwesigaxa.
Inqubo (indlela yengilazi — indlela yokugcwalisa phezulu):
1. Fudumeza ingilazi ngamanzi abandayo yini abilile? Actually “ngamanzi ashisayo”, then thulula.
2. Thela amanzi ashisayo (85°C) ezingxenyeni ezi-7/10 zenani lengilazi.
3. Thela itiye ngokucophelela — amaqabunga azoqala ukwehla kancane futhi avuleke.
4. Limbe imizuzu emi-2–3, ubukele “ukuma” okuqondile kwemidumbe engilazini.
5. Phuza ngamabhodlela amancane; uma kuncipha nge-1/3 — gcwala amanzi. Kuvunyelwe ukugcwalisa izikhathi ezi-2–3.
Inqubo (i-gaiwan, isitayela se-gongfu):
1. Fudumeza i-gaiwan ne-chahai ngamanzi abilayo.
2. Faka amagremu ama-5–7 etiyo, susa i-gaiwan kancane — hogle iphunga leqabunga elomile.
3. Ukuphalaza okokuqala (润茶, rùnchá): 85°C, imizuzwana emi-5 — thulula (ukugeza).
4. Ukuphalaza kwesibili: thela amanzi, linda imizuzwana eyi-15–20, usakaze ezinkomishini.
5. Ukuphalaza ngakunye okulandelayo kwengeze ngezizumbana eziyi-10. Kumelana nokuphalazwa okuyizinga eliphakeme izikhathi ezi-4–6.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Izimo: Isitsha esivaleke kahle, esingabonisi (amaphakethe omshini womoya avela kufilimi elihlanganisiwe, amathini ensimbi). Gcina kude nokukhanya, umswakama, imithombo yokushisa kanye namaphunga angaphandle.
Izinga lokushisa: Okuhle kakhulu — efrijini, 0–5°C. Ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, isikhathi sokugcinwa sincipha kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokugcina: Itiyo ligcina ubuhle balo obukhulu ezinyangeni ezi-6 kweziyisi-12 zokuqala emva kokukhiqizwa. Emva kokuvulwa kwephakethe, kunconywa ukuthi lisetshenziswe ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ukuze kugwenywe ukulahleka kwephunga.
Isaziso esikhethekile: Itiyo elisanda kwakhiwa likunconywa ukuthi lilindelwe izinsuku eziyi-7–15 endaweni emnyama ukuze kususwe “umlilo” (褪火气, tuì huǒqì) ngaphambi kokunambithwa kokuqala.

11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:

Izinga lentengo: Intengo incike kakhulu esigabeni nasesikhathini sokuvuna:
- Isigaba esikhethekile (特级): kusuka kuma-yuan angama-700 nge-jin (500 g) ngaphezulu — imidumbe ehlukene noma umqumbe neqabunga elilodwa, iphunga eliqinile le-castnut.
- Isigaba sokuqala (一级): 300–500 yuan nge-jin — umqumbe namaqabunga amabili, ukunambitheka okuhlanzekile, okusha.
- Isigaba sesibili (二级): 100–300 yuan nge-jin — umqumbe namaqabunga amathathu, umusi ocijile, ocwebile. Izinto ezithinta intengo: isikhathi sokuvuna (intwasa hlobo > ehlobo > ekwindla), indawo engaphansi (i-Baiyun, i-Hongxing ekwazini eliphakeme kubiza kakhulu), ukuthola izitifiketi (i-organic, umkhiqizo ohlaza), idumela lomkhiqizi.
Ungayigwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:
- Thenga kubakhiqizi nakubadayisi abanelayisense yokusebenzisa uphawu lendawo oluthi “永泰绿茶” kanye nophawu olufanele (标识).
- Hlola isimo sangaphandle: iqabunga elomile kufanele lilunge, lilinganiselwe ngosayizi, linoboya obubonakalayo — ngaphandle kwamaqabunga aphuzi, aphukile noma omile ngokweqile.
- Hlola iphunga: i-Yǒngtài lǜchá yekhwalithi inephunga elihlanzekile le-castnut ngaphandle kokubola, ukumuncu noma iphunga lesikhutha.
- Hlola umusi: kufanele ucwebile, uhle, uluhlaza okhanyayo — umusi ongacacanga noma omnyama ubonisa ukuphazamiseka kobuchwepheshe noma ukungabi fresh.
- Qaphela intengo: “i-Yǒngtài lǜchá” eshibhile ngokusolisayo yesigaba esikhethekile (engaphansi kwama-yuan angama-500 nge-jin) cishe ingumgunyathi noma ihlukaniswe kabusha.

12. Amaqiniso Athandekayo:

Esifundeni sase-Yongtai kutholakale amaqembu ezihlahla zetiye zasendulo ezinobudala obufinyelela eminyakeni engama-2500 — ezinye zezindala kunazo zonke esifundazweni saseFujian, ziyisizinda esibaluleke kakhulu sofuzo ekukhetheni.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bunemisebenzi engama-28 futhi buhlonishwa njengefa lamasiko elingaphatheki. Wonke umjikelezo — kusukela ekusontweni kuye ekomeni — wenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi oqalo nokhuni: ukuthintana kwetiye nensimbi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
U-78% wenhlabathi yesifunda uthotshiswe ngokwemvelo nge-selenium — into encane eyivelakancane enezakhiwo zokulwa nokugqwala. Lokhu kwenza i-Yǒngtài lǜchá ibe ngomunye wamatiye aluhlaza “ane-selenium” ambalwa aseChina.
Ngesikhathi se-Ming, itiye lase-Yongtai (ngaleso sikhathi — i-Yongfu, 永福) lalethwa enkantolo yombusi; itiye lase-templini elisematheni i-Jiyan (姬岩) — elinye lamahlelo amaBuddha adumile kuleli zwe — lathola udumo olukhethekile.
Isifunda sase-Yongtai — singesokuqala esifundeni sedolobha lase-Fuzhou ukuphasa ukuhlolwa kukahulumende “njengesifunda semvelo” (生态县, shēngtài xiàn) ngonyaka wezi-2014, okuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwendawo yokutshala itiye.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

Anxi Huangjin Gui (安溪黄金桂, Ānxī Huángjīn Guì): Nawo uvela e-Fujian, kodwa ungowama-oolong; izitshalo ezifanayo (i-Tieguanyin, i-Jin Guanyin), nokho ubuchwepheshe obuhluke ngokuphelele — ukugqokwa okuyingxenye. I-Yǒngtài lǜchá, ngokungafani nama-oolong, igcizelela ukusha kanye nenothi le-castnut, hhayi iphalethi yezimbali/yokhilimu.
Xihu Longjing (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): “Itiyo elidumile” laseZhejiang; liyisicaba, linenothi elimnandi lobhontshisi nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. I-Yǒngtài lǜchá — isesimweni somucu oqondile/olukwe kancane, nenothi elihamba phambili le-castnut esikhundleni sobhontshisi; ithengwa ngentengo ephansi kakhulu.
Xinyang Maojian (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Itiyo eluhlaza elivela e-Henan; izinaliti ezinhle, ezimbozwe ngoboya, ukunambitheka okusha nokubabayo. I-Yǒngtài lǜchá ayinabubayo kangako, inenothi le-castnut eliqinile nobumnandi obuhle, okubangelwa ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.
Mengding Ganlu (蒙顶甘露, Méngdǐng Gānlù): Itiyo eluhlaza laseSichuan elinamaqabunga asontelwe nephrofayili egqamile “yobumnandi obunjengamazolo”. I-Yǒngtài lǜchá inomzimba ocijile kanye nokugqamile kwe-castnut, kanti i-Ganlu imnene futhi inezimbali.
Enshi Yulu (恩施玉露, Ēnshī Yùlù): Itiyo elivela e-Hubei, elinye lamatiye aluhlaza “aphekiwe” ambalwa aseChina (蒸青, zhēngqīng). Iphrofayili yalo — utshani-olwandle, enomami ogqamile; i-Yǒngtài lǜchá, ekhiqizwa ngendlela yokugazinga, inikeza iphunga “elomile” kakhulu, le-castnut-nezimbali kanye nokunambitheka okuncane kakhulu kotsani.

Sengiphetha

I-Yǒngtài lǜchá — itiyo eluhlaza elinomlando ongaphezu kweminyaka eyinkulungwane, elikhule lisuka esikweni elithulile lasezintabeni lesifunda sase-Yongtai laba wuphawu lwesifunda olwaziwayo ezingeni likazwelonke. Ifomula yalo yomkhiqizo — “iphunga le-castnut elinokuhluka kwezimbali, ukunambitheka okusha nobumnandi, umusi oluhlaza ocwebile” — ingumphumela oqondile wenhlanganisela enhle yendawo yokukhula yezintaba eziphakeme, inhlabathi ene-selenium, izitshalo zasendulo kanye nomsebenzi wezandla ocophelelayo oyimisebenzi engama-28. Leli tiye lilifanele labo abawazisa amatiye aluhlaza asezindaweni “athembekile” ngaphandle kwamagama amakhulu: ngentengo ephakathi nendawo, i-Yǒngtài lǜchá inikeza ikhwalithi yangempela — ukuhlanzeka kokunambitheka, ukungabi nasici kwemvelo kanye nokuxhumana okuphilayo nesinye sezifunda zokufuya itiyo ezindala kunazo zonke e-Fujian.