Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá · new.thetea.app

I-Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá itiye elibomvu (elikhiyiwe ngokuphelele) elikhiqizwa ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ze-Hé Luó Chá (合箩茶) edumile, ngokomlando yaziwa njengelinye lamatiye ayishumi nanhlanu aqanjwe esifundazweni sase-Guangdong. I-Hé Luó Chá yendabuko itiye eliluhlaza lesigaba sezinhlamvu ezincane (小种茶, xiǎozhǒng chá), nokho eminyakeni yamuva abakhiqizi bendawo baye babamba indlela yokwenza obomvu ngezinto ezifanayo ezingavuthiwe, behlose ukwandisa uhla lwezinambitheka nokuheha izethameli ezintsha zabathandi.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (红茶, hóngchá) — elibilisiwe ngokuphelele (elikhiyiwe).
Isigaba: Amatiye abomvu wesifunda aseChina. Ingxenye ye-gōngfu hóngchá (工夫红茶, gōngfu hóngchá) — amatiye abomvu acutshungulwa ngesandla ngobunyoninco.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Guangdong (广东省, Guǎngdōng Shěng), idolobha elilodwa lase-Maoming (茂名市, Màomíng Shì), idolobha le-Xinyi (信宜市, Xìnyí Shì), indawo yase-Jindong (金垌镇, Jīndòng Zhèn), ingadi yetiye i-Sānmài Dǐng (三唛顶茶园, Sānmài Dǐng cháyuán).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: ≈ 22.35° N, 110.95° E.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Isiko letiye lase-Xinyi lineminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. Ngokwe-«Xìnyí xiànzhì» (信宜县志, «Ikhronikhi Yesifunda sase-Xinyi»), ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwa-Ming, ngaphambi kwengxenye yokuphatha ubukhosi, indawo yase-Qíměishí (奇美石) yayiyindawo enkulu yetiye enamashumi ezinkulungwane ze-mu zokutshala kanye nomgwaqo okhethekile wokuhweba obizwa nge-«Héngjiē» (横街), lapho kwakuthengwa futhi kudayiswe khona amaqabunga etiye. I-Hé Luó Chá (合箩茶) ngokwayo inomlando kusukela ngesikhathi sokubusa kwe-Emperor Qianlong we-Qing (清乾隆年间, ≈ 1736–1795), okuyinika uhlu lozalo olungaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amabili. Esikhathini sobukhosi, itiye lafakwa ezinhlwini zeminikelo yasesigodlweni (贡品, gòngpǐn). Ngemva kokusungulwa kwe-PRC, indawo yezingadi zetiye yavuselelwa: ngo-1953 yayicishe ibe yi-50 mu, futhi kusukela ngo-1965 kwaqala ukukhula okusheshayo. Ngo-1992 nango-1996, i-Hé Luó Chá yazuza amaphuzu aphezulu emncintiswaneni wekhwalithi yetiye wesifundazwe wase-Guangdong esigabeni «samatiye aphambili ekhwalithi ephezulu» futhi yafakwa kwirejista ye-«Amatiye Adumile aseChina» (中国名茶). Inguqulo ebomvu — i-Hé Luó Hóng Chá — imele ukwandiswa kwesimanje kohlu lwemikhiqizo, olwavela ngeminyaka yawo-2010–2020 ngenxa yokuthakazelela izwe lonke ngamatiye abomvu esifunda.
Igama: Ukuhlaziywa ngezingxenye: 信宜 (Xìnyí) — igama ledolobha lesifunda, elibonisa imvelaphi yendawo; 合箩 (Hé Luó) — ngokwezwi nezwi «amabhasikidi avaliwe»: esiqongweni sentaba i-Sānmài Dǐng kunokwakheka kwedwala okungamamitha amathathu ububanzi, okumise okwamabhasikidi amabili kalamula (箩, luó), ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Emfantwini waleli tshe kwake kwakhula isihlahla setiye sasendle, esaba ukhokho waso sonke isizinda; 红茶 (Hóngchá) — itiye elibomvu, okubonisa indlela yokucutshungulwa.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Hé Luó Chá ibhalwe ku-«Zhōngguó míngchá zhì · Guǎngdōng juǎn» (《中国名茶志·广东卷》, «Irejista Yamatiye Adumile aseChina, umqulu wase-Guangdong») njengelinye lamatiye adumile ayishumi nanhlanu esifundazwe futhi ithathwa njengetiye lomlando eliqanjiwe (历史名茶). Ngedolobha lase-Xinyi leli tiye lidlala indima «yekhadi lokuhambela» le-terroir yendawo kanye namagugu ezolimo. Kunengwanekwane: ngesikhathi se-Qianlong, ixhegu elinentshebe emhlophe «elingafi» (仙人, xiānrén), likhangwe iphunga elimnandi, lehlela engadini yetiye, lephuziswa umlimi wetiye omdala, lancoma isiphuzo futhi lashiya umbhalo othi: «Iphunga elimsulwa liheha izivakashi ezivela ngale kwamafu, ukunambitheka okuyisimanga kukhipha abangafi emihumeni yezintaba» (清香招来云外客，美味引出洞中仙). I-Emperor Qianlong uqobo, ngemva kokunambitha umnikelo, kuthiwa wathi: «I-Hé Luó Chá — muhle ngesimo, mnandi futhi uhloniphekile ngesinambitheka, uyingqayizivele ngempela yaseZulwini».

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

Uhlobo / I-cultivar: Kusetshenziswa uhlobo olunamacembe amancane lwase-Xinyi (信宜小叶种, Xìnyí xiǎoyè zhǒng) — inani lendawo le-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Izihlahla aziphakeme (1–3 m), zingaphansi kohlobo lwamaqabunga amancane. Izicubu ze-palisade zamaqabunga zithuthukisiwe, okuqukethwe kwe-carotenoid ne-xanthophyll kuphakeme, okusiza ekwakhekeni kwezinto ezitholakala ku-terpenoid — i-β-ionone (β-紫罗酮) ne-tea spiroenone (茶螺烯酮), ezibhekelele amandla amakhulu ephunga lezinto ezingavuthiwe.
Ukuvuna: Intwasahlobo — ekuqaleni kwehlobo (Mashi–Meyi); ezindaweni eziphakeme kwezintaba isizini ingase isuke ku-April–Juni. Enguqulweni ebomvu, kuthandwa kakhulu izinto ezingavuthiwe zasentwasahlobo ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.
Izinga lokuvuna: Igquma kanye neqabunga elilodwa noma amabili (一芽一叶 — 一芽二叶, yī yá yī yè — yī yá èr yè). Kumaqoqwana aphambili — ukubhekelela igquma elilodwa (单芽, dān yá) nokuvuna «igquma + iqabunga elilodwa» ngenani eliphezulu lamathiphu asagolide.
Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Iqabunga eliphelele, elingenakulimala ngaphandle kokulimala kwemishini; izinto ezingavuthiwe ezihlanzekile nezintsha; ubulukhuni obuncane bomkhawulo ophakathi.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokutshalwa:

Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Indawo eyinhloko — imithambeka yeNtaba i-Sānmài Dǐng (三唛顶), 605 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Izindawo zetiye eziseduze zitholakala ekuphakameni okungu-400–650 m.
Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical monsoon, enemvula eningi kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lonyaka (ngaphezu kuka-22 °C). Ezindaweni eziphakeme kwezintaba, kubonakala umehluko obonakalayo wamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku, inkungu ejwayelekile kanye namafu, okunciphisa ukukhula futhi kwandise ukugcwala kwezinto ezinambitheka nephunga eqabungeni.
Inhlabathi: I-lateritic soils ebomvu nephuzi (红壤 / 红黄壤, hóng rǎng / hóng huáng rǎng), i-acidic kancane (pH 4.5–5.5), inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuhamba kahle kwamanzi. Ukwakheka kwamaminerali enhlabathini kwakha «ukuminyana» okuyisici nokujula kokunambitheka kwetiye eselilungile.
Ubucwepheshe bezolimo: Kugxilwe ezinqubweni eziphilayo. I-Hé Luó Chá inokumelana nemvelo nezilokazane, okunciphisa isidingo sezibulala-zinambuzane. Ukuvuna okwenziwa ngesandla kakhulu. Imikhiqizo ye-Hé Luó Chá inesitifiketi sokuthi «iphephile ekungcolisweni» (广东省无公害食品).

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Inguqulo ebomvu ye-Hé Luó Chá yenziwa ngobuchwepheshe bakudala be-gōngfu hóngchá nokujwayelana okuthile kwesifunda, okubhekelela amandla amakhulu ephunga lohlobo lwase-Xinyi olunamaqabunga amancane:

Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukukhethwa ngesandla kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile emahoreni asekuseni, ngemva kokuwa kwamazolo.
Ukubuna (萎凋, wěidiāo): Iqabunga liyandlalwa ngongqimba omncane ukuze kuhwamuke umswakama (ukulahleka okungu-30–40 %). Kungase kwenzeke ukubuna kwemvelo emathileyeni kalamula noma okuhlanganisiwe (ilanga + indawo). Kulesi sigaba kuqala «ukuhlela» iphalethi yephunga: kuvela amanothi ezimbali nezithelo.
Ukusonga (揉捻, róuniǎn): Kwakheka ukusongeka okuqinile nensimbi kweqabunga nokucekelwa phansi kwezindonga zamangqamuzana ukuze kukhululwe ijusi, kamuva elikhiwe phezu kweqabunga. Ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezinamaqabunga amancane, ukusonga kwenziwa ngokucophelela ukuze kungatholakali ukubaba ngokweqile.
Ukubilisa / Ukukhiya (发酵, fājiào): Iqabunga elisongiwe lifakwa endaweni enomswakama ezingeni lokushisa elingu-25–30 °C, umswakama ohlobene ungama-90–95 %. Isikhathi esiyimizuzu engu-3–5 amahora, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga lithola umbala obomvu-ngethusi futhi kuvele iphunga elikhanyayo lezinyosi nezithelo. Ukukhiya okulawulwayo kuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwe-theaflavins ne-thearubigins.
Ukomisa / Ukufudumeza (烘干, hōnggān): Umoya oshisayo kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-120 °C umisa ukukhiya futhi ulungise iphrofayili yephunga nesinambitheka. Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa ukoma ngezigaba ezimbili: kuqala ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu, bese kuba ukufudumeza okunobumnene «okuvuthisa» ezingeni elingu-60–80 °C ukuze kukhuliswe amanothi ezinyosi ne-caramel.
Ukuhlukanisa (分级, fēnjí): Ukuhlukanisa ngezingxenyana: iqabunga eliphelele elinamathiphu, iqabunga elijwayelekile, ingxenye encane. Ibanga ngalinye linomgogodla walo wephunga.

6. Izimpawu Zesitho Somzimba:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amakhekheba etiye amancane, asongeke aqinile okunsimbi (条索紧细, tiáosuǒ jǐn xì), anombala onsundu omnyama noma omnyama-okhasti onamathiphu amaningi asagolide (金毫, jīn háo). Iqabunga lilingana, lihlungwe kahle, ngaphandle kokuhlangana okungafanele.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Limnandi, lifudumele, linamanothi agqamile ezithelo ezomisiwe (ibhiliko, amagilebhisi omisiwe), uju kanye nethoni encane yezimbali, okuyisici sama-cultivar amancane anephunga elikhulu.
Iphunga lomngcele: Linezingqimba eziningi: emathoni aphezulu — uju nezithelo ezivuthiwe zasezindaweni ezifudumele (i-lishi, i-longan); emathoni aphakathi — izithunzi zesinkwa kanye ne-caramel; ngaphansi — ukufudumala okuncane kokhuni. Iphunga lizinzile, livezwa ngokuphonsela kokugeleza okulandelayo.
Ukunambitheka: Kuminyene, kuyindilinga, kunobumnandi bemvelo obugqamile (回甘, huígān). Ukubaba kulinganiselwe futhi kuthambile, kuguquka ngokushesha kube yisinqumamva esifudumele eside. Emabheshini angcono kakhulu, kuzwakala «ubusilika» bokumakheka (柔滑, róu huá) kanye neprofayili yokunambitheka ehlanzekile, ecacile engenabudlwangudlwangu.
Umbala womngcele: I-amber ebomvu, ekhanyayo necacile (红琥珀色, hóng hǔpò sè), enombala osagolide ogqamile «wendandatho» emaphethelweni enkomishi.
Phansi kwetiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe): Iqabunga livuleka ngokulinganayo nangokunwebekayo; umbala usuka kokunsundu ngethusi uye kokunsundu ngokubomvu-okhasti. Imithambo ibhejile, iqabunga liphelele, ngaphandle kokuklebhuka.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-Polyphenol: Izinto ezingavuthiwe zokuqala ze-Hé Luó Chá zihlukaniswa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-polyphenol — 38.3 % (ngokwemiphumela yokulinganisa yaselabhorethri yeqabunga elingakavutshelwa). Enguqulweni ebomvu, ingxenye enkulu yama-catechin iguqulelwa kube yi-theaflavins (TF) ne-thearubigins (TR), ezakha umbala ogqamile womngcele kanye «nomzimba» wokunambitheka. Okuqukethwe okulinganiselwayo kwama-polyphenol esewonke etiyeni elibomvu eselilungile kungu-15–22 %.
Ama-Amino acid: Okuqukethwe kwama-amino acid akhululekile ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kungu-3.3 %, kuhlanganisa ne-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸, L-chá ānjīsuān), enikeza ubumnandi obuthambile kanye nomphumela wokuphumula ngaphandle kokulalisa.
Ama-Alkaloid: I-Caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēi jiǎn) — 4.1 % ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezomile, okuhambisana nezinga eliphakathi neliphakeme kancane lamatiye abomvu. Futhi kukhona i-theobromine ne-theophylline ngamanani amancane.
Ama-Catechin: Okuqukethwe okuphelele kwama-catechin eqabungeni elisha kungu-132.2 mg/g; ngemva kokukhiywa okuphelele, ingxenye enkulu yawo iguquka ibe yizithako ezikhiyiwe.
Ama-Water-extractives: 38.99 % — inkomba ekhombisa ukugcwala okukhulu kokunambitheka kanye nekhono elihle «lokubiliswa».
Amakhemikhali ephunga asakazekayo: Inhlanganisela yama-terpenes (i-linalool, i-geraniol, i-β-ionone) kanye nemikhiqizo ye-Maillard reaction, ezakha iphrofayili yephunga lezinyosi, izithelo, kanye ne-caramel. I-cultivar enamacembe amancane enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-carotenoid inikeza iphalethi ecebile kakhulu yamaphunga e-terpenoid.
Amavithamini namaminerali: Amavithamini e-B group, i-ascorbic acid (igcinwe kancane), i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc.

8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:

Amandla athambile: Inhlanganisela ye-caffeine ne-L-theanine inikeza ubungqabavu obuthambile, obuzinzile ngaphandle kokuphakama nokwehla okukhulu ngokungazelelwe, okuyisici sekhofi. Ukuhlushwa kwengqondo kuyanda ngenkathi kugcinwe ukuzola.
Ukuvikela i-Antioxidant: Ama-Theaflavins nama-thearubigins anomsebenzi ogqamile we-antioxidant, esiza ukunciphisa ama-radicals akhululekile futhi ehlise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative.
Ukusekelwa kokugaya: Amatiye abomvu afudumele ngokwesiko anconywa ngemva kokudla ukuze kube nokugayeka okunethezekile. Izinto zokuthungatha zivuselela uketshezi lwesisu ngezinga elilinganiselwe.
Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ukuphuza njalo ngokulinganisela itiye elibomvu kungasiza ekugcineni ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi nokujwayela umfutho wegazi.
Umphumela wokufudumeza: Itiye elikhiyiwe ngokuphelele linemvelo «efudumele» ngokwe-dietology yendabuko yaseChina futhi lilungele isikhathi esibandayo.
Ukuqinisa amazinyo nezinsini: Izinhlanganisela ze-fluoride nama-polyphenol zisiza ekuvimbeni ukukhula kwamagciwane abangela ukubola kwamazinyo nokugcina impilo yomlomo.
Umphumela wokulwa namagciwane: Izinhlanganisela ze-Polyphenolic zibonisa umsebenzi olinganiselwe wokulwa namagciwane.

9. Ukubilisa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95 °C (hhayi amanzi abilayo aphakeme, ukuze ungashisi itiye elintekenteke elinamaqabunga amancane futhi ungakhiphi ukubaba okweqile).
Inani letiye: 4–6 g ngamamililitha angu-100–120 wamanzi.
Isitsha: I-gàiwǎn (盖碗, gàiwǎn) yobumba — ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ukuze kwembulwe amandla ephunga. Isitsha setiye sobumba noma isitsha se-Yíxīng (宜兴紫砂壶, Yíxīng zǐshā hú) kwamukelekile ngephrofayili eyindilinga, ekusonge.
Inqubo:

Fudumeza isitsha ngamanzi abilayo bese uyawachitha.
Thela itiye, vala ngesembozo bese unyakazisa — hogela iphunga leqabunga elomile elifudunyeziwe.
Ukuwasha akuphoqelekile; uma kunesifiso — ukuwasha okufushane imizuzwana eyi-1–2 ukuze kwambulwe ukusongeka okuqinile.
Ukuphonsela kokuqala: imizuzwana eyi-8–12.
Ukuphonsela kwesibili kuya kwesine: imizuzwana eyi-10–15.
Kusukela ekuphonseleni kwesihlanu, yandisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana eyi-5–10.
Ibheji lekhwalithi liphikishana nokuphonsela okugcwele okuyi-6–8, livula ukusuka emathoni aphambili ezinyosi nezithelo kuye emathoni ajulile esinkwa nokhuni.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Isiqukathi: Ukupakishwa okuvaleke kahle nokungabonakali — ikani lensimbi elinesembozo esiqinile, isikhwama se-foil esifakwe i-vacuum noma isiqukathi sobumba esinokhokho ogxilwe kahle.
Izimo: Indawo eyomile (umswakama ongaphansi kuka-60 %), enobumnyama, kude nemithombo yephunga elinamandla nelanga eliqondile. Izinga lokushisa elikahle 15–25 °C.
Isikhathi sokuphila: Amatiye abomvu angcono ukuphuzwa ezinyangeni eziyi-6–18 zokuqala, kuyilapho ukugqama kwephunga kusagcinwe. Amaqoqwana ekhwalithi, omisiwe kahle angase «ayindilinge» kancane eminyakeni eyi-2–3 uma egcinwe ngendlela efanele, ethola iphrofayili ejulile, ekhulile.
Izinto okumele zigwenywe: Umswakama, ukukhanya, iphunga elingafanele, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa — izitha ezinkulu zetiye elibomvu.

11. Intengo Namanga:

Isigaba sentengo: I-Hé Luó Hóng Chá — umkhiqizo wesifunda oyingqayizivele onesilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokukhiqizwa. Intengo incike ezingeni lokuvuna (amaqoqwana anamathiphu — abiza kakhulu), isizini (yasentwasahlobo ibiza kakhulu kuneyasehlobo), idumela lezindawo ezithile. Emakethe yasekhaya yase-Guangdong, izindleko zishintsha ngokuphakathi kuya phezulu kuma-hóngchá wesifunda.
Ungawagwema kanjani amanga:

Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile ongakwazi ukulandela ibheji kuze kube sezindaweni ezithile zase-Jindong noma e-Sānmài Dǐng.
Hlola iqabunga: kufanele lililingane, lisongeke kancane, linamathiphu asagolide agqamile. Ukuba khona kothuli, izimvithi, nokunye okungafanele kuyinkomba yomkhiqizo osezingeni eliphansi noma ongumgunyathi.
Hlola iphunga: lihlanzekile, lezinyosi nezithelo, ngaphandle kwamanothi angafanele ashisiwe, anomkhuhlane, noma «enhlanzi».
Hlola umngcele: kufanele ukhanye, ubomvu-amber futhi ube sobala. Ukungabi sobala noma ukuphaphalala kuwuphawu oluxwayisayo.
Unganaki intengo esolisayo ephansi uma kuthiwa isigaba esiphezulu.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Ngokwenganekwane yendawo, igama elithi «Hé Luó» (合箩) linikezwe ukwakheka kwedwala esiqongweni se-Sānmài Dǐng: itshe elinobubanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha amathathu, lihlukaniswe kabili, lifana namabhasikidi amabili kalamula, ahlanganiswe izansi zibheke komunye nomunye. Emfantwini waleli tshe lapho kwake kwahluma khona isihlahla setiye sokuqala, esaba ukhokho waso sonke isizinda.
Emithonjeni yomlando, kubhalwe umndeni wakwa-Yáng (杨), okwathi eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili edlule wathola cishe ama-mu angamashumi amabili wezindawo zetiye ezansi kwe-Hé Luó Shí (合箩石, «itshe lamabhasikidi avaliwe») futhi ngokwezizukulwane ngezizukulwane wawulima nokucutshungula itiye. Ngezikhathi zezimpi nokucasuka kwengxenye yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, inzalo yalomndeni yaphoqeleka ukuba ihambe ezindaweni zayo zokuzalwa, nezingadi zetiye zaba incithakalo. Ukuvuselelwa kwaqala ngemva kuka-1949.
I-Hé Luó Chá — ingenye yemikhiqizo yezolimo eyisishiyagalolunye yase-Xinyi, eyathola isitifiketi esithi «umkhiqizo ophephile ekungcolisweni wesifundazwe sase-Guangdong» (广东省无公害食品), kanye nenkukhu yasezintabeni (怀乡鸡) kanye ne-sanhua plum edumile (三华李).
Umsunguli wokuvuselelwa kwe-Hé Luó Chá wamanje — umlimi u-Zhang Hǎitáng (张海堂) wase-Huánqiū cūn (环球村), idolobhana lase-Jindong. Wabuya ezifundazweni ezisogwini ukuze avuselele isiko lokukhiqiza itiye, wathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo iminyaka eyishumi, wasebenza nososayensi futhi waheha imindeni engaphezu kwamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye eyayihluphekayo emsebenzini wokulima itiye.
I-Hé Luó Chá eluhlaza yendabuko ichazwa ngokuthi «翠绿色» (cuìlǜsè — okuluhlaza okuningiliziwe) ne-«浅绿色汤色» (umbala omncane oluhlaza). Inguqulo ebomvu iyaphikisana ngokuphelele ngombala, kodwa izuza ifa elifanayo lephunga elikhulu nobumnandi bemvelo, obufakwe ku-genotype ye-cultivar enamacembe amancane yase-Xinyi.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye abomvu:

I-Yīngdé Hóng Chá (英德红茶, Yīngdé Hóngchá): Elinye itiye elibomvu elidumile lase-Guangdong, elikhiqizwa ngokuyinhloko ngama-cultivar amakhulu ase-Yunnan. I-Yīngdé Hóng Chá ihluke ngokunambitheka okunamandla, okugcwele okunomhlane wephrofayili eshokoledi-malt kanye nephunga lezimbali elincane. I-Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá, ngokwahlukile, yakhelwe ekuntekentekeni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezinamaqabunga amancane: ilula, inephunga elimnandi kakhulu, inamanothi aphakeme ezithelo nezimbali.
I-Lìzhī Hóng Chá (荔枝红茶, Lìzhī Hóngchá): Itiye elibomvu elinephunga le-lishi lase-Guangdong. I-Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá ayifakwanga iphunga: amanothi ezithelo (kuhlanganise nezithunzi ze-lishi ne-longan) akheka ngokwemvelo ngenxa yezici ze-cultivar ne-terroir.
I-Qímén Hóng Chá (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá): Elinye lamazinga omhlaba etiye elibomvu, elikhiqizwa nge-cultivar ephakathi nendawo ye-Zhuyè (槠叶种) e-Anhui. Inephunga elidumile lase-Qimen (祁门香) — inhlanganisela eyisimanga yezimbali noju enamanothi e-rose. I-Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá isondele kakhulu kuphalethi yezindaw ezifudumele (i-lishi, i-longan, uju lwezitshalo ezikhiqiza uju ezindaw ezifudumele) futhi ifudumele kakhulu ngomuzwa ophelele.
I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi (九曲红梅, Jiǔqū Hóngméi): Itiye elibomvu elingajwayelekile lase-Zhejiang, elenziwe ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ze-Longjing. Lihluke ngomkhethe omncinane, ocishe ube yisilika kanye nokumuncu okuthambile. I-Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá iminyene kakhulu futhi «inamafutha» ekunambithekeni, inesinqumamva esifudumele eside.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Xìnyí hé luó hóngchá itiye elibomvu elinobuntu bangempela bendawo: i-terroir esezindaw ezifudumele eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Guangdong, iphunga elikhulu lofuzo lwe-cultivar enamacembe amancane yase-Xinyi, kanye nomlando wetiye wamakhulu amabili eminyaka, obhalwe endaweni enamadwala yeNtaba i-Sānmài Dǐng. Leli tiye linikeza inkomishi efudumele, ekusongayo ene-phalethi yezinyosi nezithelo, umngcele obomvu-amber ocacile kanye nesinqumamva esifudumele eside. Lihle kakhulu ekuphuzeni itiye okuzolile ngemva kwesidlo sasemini, kubusuku basekwindla nasebusika, nakulabo bathandi abafuna okunye esikhundleni se-Yīngdé noma i-Diānhóng ejwayelekile — okuyimfihlo ngokwengeziwe, nephunga, nobuntu obugqamile basezindaw ezifudumele.