Xiàngyuán wù yá · new.thetea.app

IXiàngyuán wù yá yitiye eliluhlaza elikhule ezindaweni eziphakeme ezifundeni zaseZhen’an, esifundazweni saseShaanxi, elaziwa ngokuthi “itiye elisenyakatho kakhulu elikhule ezindaweni eziphakeme eShayina”. Isici esiyingqophamlando saleli tiye iphunga elijulile le-kastanjini, elidalwa ukusondelana kwamabhokisi wamakastaniji namasimu etiye, kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngo-2013, itiye lathola izinga lomkhiqizo onezimpawu zendawo kazwelonke (国家地理标志产品, Guójiā Dìlǐ Biāozhì Chǎnpǐn).

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nendabuko:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingavutshiwe.
Isigaba: Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseShayina; umkhiqizo onezimpawu zendawo kazwelonke.
Indabuko: IShayina, isifundazwe saseShaanxi (陕西, Shǎnxī), isifunda saseZhen’an (镇安县, Zhèn’ān Xiàn), idolobha laseShangluo (商洛市, Shāngluò Shì). Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza yizwe laseXiangyuan (象园村, Xiàngyuán Cūn) esigodini saseDaren (达仁镇, Dárén Zhèn), kanye nezigodi zaseChaiping (柴坪镇, Cháipíng Zhèn) naseShizikou (狮子口, Shīzikǒu).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: 33°07′–33°42′ enyakatho, 109°–110° empumalanga. Uhlangothi oluseningizimu lomkhawulo weQinling (秦岭, Qínlǐng).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Umlando wetiye laseZhen’an ubuyela emuva ezikhathini zasendulo: endaweni yaseMiaogou (庙沟) kwatholakala izihlahla zetiye zasendle ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-500 ubudala, kanti izifunda zasendulo zaseLiangzhou (梁州) naseJinzhou (金州) zaziyizindawo eziyisishiyagalombili zetiye, ezachazwa “ngongcwele wetiye” uLu Yu (陆羽, Lù Yǔ) encwadini yakhe ethi “Umkhankaso Wetiye” (《茶经》, Chájīng) enkathini yohlanga lweTang.

Umlando obhaliwe uqala ngonyaka we-1644 (unyaka wokuqala wokubusa kuka-Emperor Shunzhi, 顺治, ubukhosi bukaQing). Ngokusho kwe “Ncwadi Yomlando Yesifunda SaseZhen’an” (《镇安县志》, Zhèn’ān Xiàn Zhì), umfuduki ovela esifundazweni saseAnhui ogama lakhe nguLiu Zhengmin (刘正民, Liú Zhèngmín), owazalwa edolobheni laseHezhou (和州, Hézhōu) endaweni yasePengcheng (彭城镇), wafika nembewu yetiye wayitshala esigodini saseXiangyuangou (象园沟). Imbewu yamila ngonyaka olandelayo, yakhiqiza izihlahla ezine, futhi eminyakeni embalwa indawo yokutshala yanda yafinyelela ku-15 mu (cishe ihektare elilodwa).

Ngo-1927 (unyaka we-16 weRiphabhuliki), umthengisi wetiye ovela esifundeni saseZiyang (紫阳, Zǐyáng) ogama lakhe nguPeng Chuanqing (彭传清, Péng Chuánqīng), edlula eXiangyuan, wabona izihlahla zetiye ezinhle futhi wafundisa abantu bendawo indlela yokwelapha amaqabunga. Ngemuva kwalokho uPeng wathuthela eShizikou (manje okuyizwe laseXinfeng, 新丰村), waqala ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kakhulu.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, ungcwele wokosa itiye ovela esifundeni saseLiyang (溧阳, Lìyáng) esifundazweni saseJiangsu, ehlabeke umxhwele yibuhle bendawo—izintaba eziluhlaza, imifula ehlanzekile kanye namafu ahlala njalo—wanikeza itiye igama elisankondlo elithi “Xiangyuan Wu Ya” (象园雾芽, “Amasetsheni anenkungu yengadi yendlovu”).

Kusukela ngo-2000, uphawu beluhlanganiswe njengophawu olulodwa lwesifunda. Ngo-2012, itiye elithi “Xiangyuan Wu Ya” ngaphansi kophawu “Lixiangyuan” (栗乡缘) lahlonishwa njengelinye lamatiye ayishumi ahamba phambili esifundazweni saseShaanxi (陕西十大名茶) kanye nesikhundla “Somkhiqizo Ohlonishwayo WaseShaanxi” (陕西省名牌产品). Ngo-2013 kwabelwa isikhundla somkhiqizo onezimpawu zendawo kazwelonke. Ngo-2024 indawo yamasimu etiye eZhen’an yayiyi-11,75 µmǔ (~7 830 ha), umthamo wonyaka womkhiqizo omisiwe wawungamathani ayi-1 280, inani lomkhiqizo laliyizigidi eziyikhulu namashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili le-yuan; umkhakha wenza abantu abayi-14 000 bathole umsebenzi.
Igama: Xiangyuan (象园) — “Ingadi Yendlovu”, igama lendawo okuyikhaya lokuqala letiye. Wu (雾) — “inkungu”, ukubhekisela emafwini ahlala njalo amboze amabhokisi aphakeme. Ya (芽) — “ihlumela”, ukubhekisela ezintweni ezintsha ezinhle kakhulu. Igama eliphelele lihunyushwa ngokuthi “Amasetsheni anenkungu aseXiangyuan”.
Ukuqondakala kwamasiko: IZhen’an yaziwa ngokuthi “ikhaya lamakastaniji” (板栗之乡, Bǎnlì zhī Xiāng), kanti ukusondelana kwamabhokisi wamakastaniji namasimu etiye kunikeza itiye iphunga eliyingqayizivele lamakastaniji. IXiàngyuán wù yá isiyinkomba yesifunda kanye nophawu lomkhakha wetiye eningizimu yeShaanxi. Indlela yokwenza yendabuko yokuthi “ukugxobela itiye ngezando zokhuni” (木槌筑茶, mùchuí zhù chá) ifakiwe ohlwini lwamagugu angabonakali.

3. Incazelo Yezimila Nempahla Eluhlaza:

Uhlobo / I-Cultivar: Izitshalo eziningi ziyinhlobo yendawo enqwabelene (本地群体种, běndì qúntǐ zhǒng), enekhono eliphezulu lokumelana namakhaza—ikhwalithi ebalulekile enyakatho kakhulu yesifunda setiye eShayina. I-cultivar eyisekeli yi-Anhui Zhuyezhong (安徽槠叶种, Ānhuī Zhūyè Zhǒng), elethwe esifundeni sase-Anhui. Izitshalo ziyi-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, ifomu le-shrub, uhlobo lwamaqabunga amancane.
Ukuvuna: Ukuvuna kwenkathi yasentwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi komkhosi weQingming (清明, Qīngmíng) ukuze kutholakale izinga eliphakeme kakhulu, nangaphambi kweGuyu (谷雨, Gǔyǔ) ukuze kutholakale izinga elimaphakathi. Isilinganiso sokusebenza “semikhawulo emihlanu” (五不采, wǔ bù cǎi): amaqabunga awavunwa lapho kunemvula, lapho kumazolo, okulimazile, nensomi futhi ongafani.
Isilinganiso sokuvuna: Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu — ihlumela elilodwa (单芽, dānyá), ubude obungadluli u-2 cm; izinga lokuqala — ihlumela neqabunga elilodwa eliqala ukuvuleka (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chū zhǎn); izinga lesibili — ihlumela namaqabunga amabili (一芽二叶, yī yá èr yè). Isisindo samahlumela ayikhulu elineqabunga elilodwa sicishe sibe ngama-45 g.
Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza: Impahla eluhlaza entsha, efana, engenawo amaqabunga amahhashi neziqu, engenakho ukulimala komshini futhi ayinaphunga elingajwayelekile. Izihlahla ezindala (ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-30) zihlanganyele edolobhaneni laseXiangyuan.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshalwa:

Indawo kanye nesifunda: Amasimu asezingeni elisezansi lomkhawulo weQinling — umngcele wendawo yemvelo ophakathi kweNyakatho neNingizimu yeShayina. Indawo yokukhiqiza ihlanganisa sonke isifunda saseZhen’an. Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza izindawo zentaba ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-800 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle ezigodini zaseDaren, eChaiping naseShizikou, ezimbozwe amafu unyaka wonke futhi ziniselwe amanzi omthombo aphuma emfuleni iDanjiang (丹江, Dānjiāng).
Ukuphakama kokukhula: angu-800–1 500 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Isimo sezulu: Izinga lokushisa lonyaka cishe lingu-14,5 °C. Umehluko wamazinga okushisa emini ebusuku udlula u-8 °C, okubambezela ukukhula kwamahlumela futhi kukhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwama-amino acid nezinto ezinuka kamnandi. Isilinganiso semvula sonyaka siyiphakathi kuka-735 no-1 000 mm. Ingxenye ephezulu yokukhanya okusakazekile (短波蓝紫红光) ivuselela i-photosynthesis nokunqwabelana kwezinto ezinogesi. Okuqukethwe kwama-amino acid etiyeni lasentwasahlobo kungu-≥ 3,0%.
Izivumbi: Izivumbi zehlathi eziphuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤, huáng zōng rǎng), i-pH ephakathi kuka-5,79 no-6,21, okuqukethwe izinto eziphilayo kungaphezu kwe-1,0%, zicebiswe ngokwemvelo nge-zinc ne-selenium. Ukugcwala kwamahlathi endaweni kungu-65,1%, akukho ukungcola kwezimboni; ukuhlangana kwe-aero-ion engeyinhle kuphindwe cishe ngama-50 ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sasedolobheni. Amasimu etiye athole isitifiketi se-organic saseYurophu.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

IXiàngyuán wù yá ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe betiye eliluhlaza elisezingeni eliphezulu ngokubunjwa ngesandla. Inhloso eyinhloko ukuqinisa i-chlorophyll nokumisa ukugcwaliseka kwama-enzyme, kugcinwe umbala oluhlaza omusha wamaqabunga kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.

Ukuphola (摊放 — tānfàng): Amaqabunga amasha asanda kuvunwa ahlukaniswa ngocwewu oluncane ekamelweni elinomoya okungadluli amahora ayisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama, libe lula futhi liphumelele, kanti izinto zokuqala ezinuka kamnandi ziqala ukuhlumela ezintweni eziluhlaza.
Ukuqinisa ukuhlaza (杀青 — shāqīng): Kwenziwa epanini lensimbi (铁锅, tiěguō) emlilweni wezinkuni ngezinga lokushisa lika-200–220 °C. Ukushisa ngezinkuni kunikeza ukushisa okumnene nokulinganayo, kwakha iphunga eliyingqayizivele lamakastaniji. Umsebenzi wengcwele wezandla wenza ukuthi ilawule izinga lokushisa kwenqwaba ngayinye.
Ukugoqa (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Kwenzeka ngokwesimiso esihlelekile esithi “okulula → okunamandla → okulula” (轻-重-轻梯度). Ukucindezela kokuqala okulula kuvula amajusi amaseli ngaphandle kokulimaza amahlumela; isigaba esinamandla sakha isakhiwo esiqinile; ukugoqa kokugcina okulula kulungisa ukwakheka.
Ukubumba (做形 — zuòxíng): Lesi yisigaba esibalulekile esinquma ukubukeka kwetiye eliqediwe. Kwenziwa ngesandla ngezindlela ezimbili: ukucindezela ukuze kudaleke isimo esicabalele, esiqondile (手工压扁, shǒugōng yā biǎn) — okufana noLongjing; noma ukusongela ngendlela yasolwandle (搓螺, cuō luó) — okufana noBiluochun. Zombili lezi zindlela ziyizici eziyingqayizivele zeXiàngyuán wù yá.
Ukumisa (烘干 — hōnggān): Kunezigaba ezimbili: ukumisa kokuqala ngo-100 °C ukuze kuqiniswe ukwakheka nokususwa komswakama omningi, bese kuba nokumisa kokugcina ngo-60 °C ukuze kugcine umswakama ozinzile futhi kuqiniswe iphunga.
Ukuhlunga nokukhipha (筛分拣剔 — shāifēn jiǎntī): Itiye eliqediwe lihlungwa ngamafrakshoni bese kukhishwa ngesandla iziqu, amaqabunga aphuzi nokunye okungahlangabezani nezindinganiso.
Izici ezikhethekile zobuchwepheshe: Kugcinwa isilinganiso “sokuvinjelwa kokuvuna okuhlanu” (五不采). Kusetshenziswa indlela yokwenza yamagugu angabonakali — ukugxobela ngezando zokhuni (木槌筑茶). Umkhiqizo usutholile isitifiketi ngokwamazinga e-EU okukhiqiza izinto eziphilayo, kanye ne-QS ne-ISO-9001.

6. Izici Zokunambitheka Nephunga:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyingqayizivele — isicabalele esiqondile (扁平挺直, biǎnpíng tǐngzhí), esifana noLongjing, nesigoqile (蜷曲似螺, quánqū sì luó), esifana noBiluochun. Umbala wamaqabunga omile uluhlaza obumnyama ngoboya obuluhlaza, obuncane obucwengekile (墨绿隐毫, mòlǜ yǐn háo). Iqabunga lilingana, liqinile, lingenawo ama-crumb neziqu.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Iphunga elinothe lamakastaniji (栗香, lìxiāng) — isici somkhiqizo, esidalwe ukusondelana kwamabhokisi wamakastaniji kanye nokucaciswa kokushiswa ngezinkuni. Ngemuva kwalo kuba nomoya omusha ohlanzekile (清香, qīngxiāng).
Iphunga lamanzi: Iphunga elimnandi lamakastaniji livela emasekhondini okuqala okwenza itiye, kancane kancane kuhlangane nomzwelo wenkathi yokubhaka, ukuhlaza okusha kanye nokuncane ukuvela kwezimbali. Iphunga lizinza, lihlala lize liyofika ekuchithekeni kokugcina.
Ukunambitheka: Ubumnandi (甘, gān) yisici esihamba phambili — buzwiwa kusukela ekuphuzeni kokuqala futhi bukhula ngemuva kokunambitheka. Umzimba wamanzi umnene futhi ugcwele (醇厚, chúnhòu), ngaphandle kwembibi ecacile nobukrakra. Ukunambitheka kwangemuva kuhlala isikhathi eside futhi kuyaqandisa, nokubuya okumnandi okubonakalayo (回甘, huígān) kanye nokukhipha amathe okuqinile (生津, shēngjīn).
Umbala wamanzi: Ophuzi-nokuluhlaza ocwebezelayo, ocacile (清澈黄亮, qīngchè huáng liàng).
Isigaxa setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe): Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, alinganayo, afanayo, aphilayo futhi amasha, avuleka abe “yiziqubulo” eziphelele (嫩绿匀整、鲜活成朵).

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

IXiàngyuán wù yá ibonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo, okuyinto ehlobene nendawo yokutsahala ephakeme nokukhula kancane kwamahlumela ezimeni ezinokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwamazinga okushisa.

I-Polyphenols (itiye le-polyphenols, 茶多酚): Okuqukethwe kufinyelela cishe ku-28%, okuphakeme ngokuphawulekayo kunesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza (~20%). Iqembu eliyinhloko yi-catechins, kuhlanganiswe ne-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), enomsebenzi oqinile wokulwa ne-antioxidant.
Ama-amino acid: Okuqukethwe etiyeni lasentwasahlobo kungu-≥ 3,0%, kuhlanganiswe ne-L-theanine — okuyingxenye ebalulekile ebangela ubumnandi, izwi elifana ne-umami kanye nomphumela wokuphumula.
Umkhiqizo okhishwe emanzini (水浸出物): ≥ 45% — ngamaphesenti ayishumi nanhlanu ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sikazwelonke, okuqinisekisa umzimba wamanzi osindayo, ogcwele futhi ongathinteki ekuphiseni okuphindaphindwe kaningi.
Ama-alkaloids: I-caffeine (~2–4% wesisindo esomile), i-theobromine, i-theophylline — zibanga umphumela wokukhuthaza.
Izinto zamaminerali: Ukucebisa okungokwemvelo nge-zinc ne-selenium, okuyinto ebangelwa ukwakheka kwezivumbi zendawo. I-Selenium ibamba iqhaza ekuvikeleni amangqamuzana kwi-antioxidant, i-zinc isekela umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba.
Amavithamini: I-Vitamin C (ezintweni ezingakasetshenziswa), amavithamini e-B, i-vitamin K.
Amafutha anguketshezi kanye nezinto ezinuka kamnandi: Kwakha iphrofayili eliyingqayizivele yamakastaniji; kudlanga ama-aldehydes nama-alcohols ohlobo “oluhlaza” (i-pentenol, i-ethylenol), okuyizici zamatiye ezindaweni eziphakeme anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Ukuvikela i-antioxidant: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-polyphenols (28%) kuqinisekisa ukungathathi hlangothi okusebenzayo kwama-radicals akhululekile. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwaseShayina, ukusebenza kwe-antioxidant ye-polyphenols yetiye kungaphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili kunesilinganiso esifanayo se-vitamin E.
Ukusekela isistimu yemithambo ngenhliziyo: Ama-catechin asiza ekwehliseni izinga le-cholesterol egazini nasekugcineni ukunwebeka kwemithambo.
Ukuqinisa amazinyo nokuvimbela ukubola kwamazinyo: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fluoride etiyeni kucindezela ukusebenza kwamagciwane abangela ukubola kwamazinyo.
Umphumela wokuthambisa ngokulinganisela okumnene: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kuqinisekisa ukucaca kwengqondo nokugxila ngaphandle kokwanda okukhulu ngesiqubu.
Ukusekela umzimba ukusebenzisa ukudla: I-Polyphenols ikhuthaza izinqubo zokushintshwa komzimba futhi ingasiza ekwenzeni isisindo sibe leveli lapho iphuzwa njalo.
I-Selenium ne-zinc: Okuqukethwe ngokwemvelo kwalezi zakhi ezincane etiyeni kusekela umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba futhi kuhlanganyele ekuvikeleni amangqamuzana kwi-antioxidant.
Ukusekela ukugaya: Ukuphuza ngokulinganiselayo ngemuva kokudla kusiza ukugaya okunethezeka; kodwa-ke, ukuphuza isisu singenalutho akunconywa—ama-tannins angacasula ulwelwesi lwesisu.
Isimo sesikhumba: Ama-antioxidants nezinto eziyizakhi ezincane (i-selenium, i-zinc) zihlanganyele ekuvikeleni isikhumba ekuphazamisekeni okubangelwa ukukhanya nasekukhathazekeni okubangelwa yi-oxidative.
Kubalulekile: Lolu lwazi luyisisekelo nje futhi alusona iseluleko sezokwelapha.

9. Ukuphisa:

Izinga lokushisa kwamanzi: 85–90 °C kumagreyidi ajwayelekile. Ngetiye elisezingeni “Elikhethekile” (特级) elenziwe ngamahlumela wodwa, izinga lokushisa lithathwa liyehleliya ku-80 °C, ukuze kungalimazi izinto ezintsha.
Inani letiye: 3 g nge-150 ml wamanzi (isilinganiso 1:50).
Izitsha: Ingilazi ecwebezelayo (玻璃杯, bōlí bēi)—ilungele ukubukela amahlumela ema mpo emanzini; inkomishi emhlophe yobumba (白瓷杯, bái cí bēi) igqamisa umbala wamanzi; i-gaiwan emhlophe yobumba—yefomethi ye-gongfu.
Inqubo:
1. Futhumeza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, uwashe.
2. Thela itiye.
3. Sebenzisa indlela “yokuthela phakathi” (中投法, zhōng tóu fǎ): thela amanzi kancane, kuze kube yingxenye yesithathu yevolumu, unyakazise kancane ingilazi ukuze umanzise iqabunga futhi uvuse iphunga (润茶摇香, rùn chá yáo xiāng), bese uthela kuze kugcwale.
4. Ukutheleka okokuqala — amasekhondi angu-30.
5. Ukutheleka okulandelayo kokunye engeza amasekhondi ayishumi.
6. Itiye likwazi ukumelana nokutheleka okugcwele okungu-4–5 okuhlukene.
Amanothi: Ungaphisi ngamanzi abilayo (angaphezu kuka-90 °C)—izinga lokushisa eliphezulu libulala i-theanine futhi lidala ubukrakra obungadingekile. Akunconywa ukuphuza isisu singenalutho ngenxa yokungahle kucasule ulwelwesi lwesisu nge-tannins. Itiye elisha (新茶) kuhle ukuthi lihlale izinsuku eziyisikhombisa endaweni emnyama ngaphambi kokuphisa okokuqala, ukuze “umlilo ususwe”.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Ukufaka emaphaketheni avaleke kahle, ukuvikela amaphunga angajwayelekile nokukhanya.
Izinga lokushisa elifanele ngu-0–5 °C (esiqandisini). Amatiye aluhlaza aseZhen’an anobuthakathaka kakhulu kwi-oxidation; ngemuva kokuvula iphakethe kunconywa ukuphuza itiye kungakapheli inyanga eyodwa.
Ngaphambi kokuvula iphakethe elipholile, likhulise izinga lokushisa lokhu lize lifinyelele ezingeni lokushisa kwegumbi, ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlanganisa komswakama phezu kweqabunga.
Izitha zetiye: ukukhanya, umswakama, ukushisa, umoya-mpilo, amaphunga angajwayelekile.

11. Intengo Namanga:

Ububanzi bamanani: Intengo incike kakhulu ezingeni nasesikhathini sonyaka. Itiye le-Mingqian (明前茶, itiye laphambi kwe-Qingming) lesigaba “Xiangyuan Wu Ya” (izinga eliphakeme kakhulu) — 400–1 000 yuan ngejin (500 g). Xiangyuan Maojian (象园毛尖, izinga elimaphakathi, laphambi kwe-Guyu) — 200–400 yuan ngejin. Xiangyuan Chaoqing (象园炒青, itiye elisetshenziswa kakhulu elenziwe ngezinto eziluhlaza zasehlobo-ekwindla) — libiza kancane kakhulu, linomlinganiso omuhle wentengo nekhwalithi.
Izici ezithinta intengo: isikhathi sokuvuna, izinga lezinto eziluhlaza (amahlumela wodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nehlumela + amaqabunga angu-2), umsebenzi wezandla, ukuba khona kwezitifiketi (i-organic, uphawu lwendawo).
Ukuze ugweme amanga:
- Thenga kubadayisi abathembekile abanokubekwa uphawu lwendawo kanye nezitifiketi ze-QS/ISO.
- Hlola ukubukeka: iXiangyuan Wu Ya yangempela inesimo esiyisicabalele noma esigoqile, umbala oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama kanye nokuthambile okulinganayo.
- Hlola iphunga: ithoni yangempela yamakastaniji ayikwazi ukuphindwaphindwa ngamakha okwenziwe—imnene, ijulile futhi izinzile.
- Amanzi kumele abe ocwebezelayo futhi acacile, angenasici.
- Intengo ephansi esolisayo kwitiye “le-Mingqian” kungenzeka kube wuphawu lomgunyathi noma ukushintshwa kwezinto eziluhlaza.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

IXiangyuan Wu Ya ibizwa ngokuthi “itiye elisenyakatho kakhulu eliphakeme kakhulu eShayina” (中国最北缘高山茶): amasimu angena ku-33°N—enyakatho kunezifunda eziningi zetiye ezweni, okuyinto enikeza itiye iphrofayili eliyingqayizivele yamakhemikhali nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.
Iphunga lamakastaniji letiye akulona okuzenzekelayo nje: isifunda saseZhen’an ngokusemthethweni saziwa ngokuthi “Ikhaya Lamakastaniji”, futhi amasimu etiye azungezwa amabhokisi wamakastaniji. Ukusondelana kwe-ecosystem, kanye nokusetshenziswa komlilo wezinkuni ngesikhathi sokuqinisa amaqabunga, kwakha le phrofayili eliyingqayizivele.
Ngo-2024 umkhakha wetiye eZhen’an wenza abantu abayi-14 000 bathole umsebenzi futhi ukhiqiza umkhiqizo ngenani lezigidi ezingamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili le-yuan ngonyaka, okwenza itiye libe ngomunye wezinsika eziyinhloko zomnotho wasekhaya.
Indlela yokwenza “itiye lokugxobela ngezando zokhuni” (木槌筑茶) iyingqayizivele yobuciko obusetshenziswayo, obubhaliswe njengento yamagugu angabonakali. Le ndlela ibuyela emuva ezindleleni zakuqala zokucindezela nokuthutha itiye ezindaweni eziyizintaba.
Edolobheni laseXiangyuan kusekhona izihlahla zetiye ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-30 ubudala, ezibuyela emuva ekutshalweni okwaqalwa yinzalo yomlimi wokuqala wetiye, uLiu Zhengmin, ngekhulu le-17. Lezi zihlahla zithathwa ngokuthi “ngonina” futhi zikhiqiza izinto ezingasetshenziswa kumkhiqizo olinganiselwe.
Umkhiqizo okhishwe emanzini weXiangyuan Wu Ya udlula isilinganiso sikazwelonke ngamaphesenti ayishumi nanhlanu—lokhu kusho ukuthi itiye ligcwele ngendlela emangalisayo izinto ezincibilikayo, ezibeka ukushuba nokujula kokunambitheka. Isilinganiso esinjalo asijwayelekile ngisho nakumatiye asezindaweni eziphakeme zaseningizimu.

13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

I-Xi Hu Long Jing (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicabalele elisendulo elivela eZhejiang. Isici esifanayo yisimo esiyisicabalele seqabunga; umehluko—iLongjing inephrofayili lamakastaniji nobhontshisi onokugxila okukhulu “kokushiswa”, kuyilapho iXiangyuan Wu Ya inika ithoni ejulile yamakastaniji enobumnandi obude, obudalwa yindawo yokutshala ephakeme kanye nokucebiswa nge-selenium.
I-Dongting Biluochun (洞庭碧螺春, Dòngtíng Bìluóchūn): Itiye eliluhlaza eligoqile elivela eJiangsu. Isitayela esigoqile seXiangyuan Wu Ya ngokusemthethweni sifana neBiluochun, nokho iphrofayili yokunambitheka yehluke kakhulu: iBiluochun inamazwi amaningi ezithelo nezimbali (amasimu etiye aseduze nezihlahla zezithelo), kuyilapho iXiangyuan Wu Ya inokujula kwe-kastanjini kanye ne-mineral.
I-Xinyang Maojian (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Itiye eliluhlaza elidume kakhulu elivela esifundazweni saseHenan, elivela nasezifundeni zetiye ezisenyakatho. Womabili la matiye abonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid, kodwa iXinyang Maojian inokubaba okucacile kanye nokungenisa utshani, kuyilapho iXiangyuan Wu Ya imnandi ngokwengeziwe futhi imnene.
I-Ziyang Maojian (紫阳毛尖, Zǐyáng Máojiān): “Umakhelwane” ovela esifundeni esifanayo eningizimu yeShaanxi, nayo icebiswe nge-selenium. Izimo ezifanayo zesimo sezulu, kodwa iZiyang Maojian yitiye eligoqekile elinesimo senalithi elinephrofayili ehlukile yamakha, elingenawo umlingiswa oqinile we-kastanjini.

14. Izixwayiso Nezinyathelo Zokuphepha:

Akunconywa ukuphuza isisu singenalutho: okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-tannins kungadala ukungakhululeki esiswini.
Ungadluli izinkomishi ezintathu ngosuku ukuze kugwenywe ukusebenzisa ngokweqile i-caffeine.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa imithi kufanele uyeke itiye: i-theobromine ne-tannins kungaba nomthelela ekufakweni kwemithi. Isikhathi esinconywayo — okungenani ihora elilodwa.
Ukuphuza ngokuqapha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-caffeine.
Abantu abanokukhathazeka okuphezulu kwemizwa nokuqwasha banconywa ukuthi bakhawule ukuphuza ngesikhathi santambama.

Ekugcineni:

IXiàngyuán wù yá — itiye elinomlingiswa ongadida namanye amatiye aluhlaza eShayina. Iphunga elijulile lamakastaniji, ubumnandi obuhlala isikhathi eside obubambekayo, namanzi acwebile ngokucwebezelayo—konke kungumphumela wendawo ephakeme esenyakatho ehlukile, isiko lamakhulu amathathu eminyaka kanye nobuciko obuqaphelayo bezandla. Leli tiye lilungele labo abazisa kumatiye aluhlaza hhayi ukuhlaza kotshani, kodwa ukushisa okujulile okufana ne-nati kanye nokugcwala kokunambitheka. Liphise ngamanzi athambile ngezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi, ungasheshi—futhi ukuphisa okulandelayo ngakunye kuzovula umbala omusha wokunambitheka, okungathi amafu avuleka phezu kwezintaba zeQinling.