Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá

Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá (香草兰绿茶, xiāngcǎo lán lǜchá) — itiye eliluhlaza okuwukuphela kwalo emhlabeni elifakwe ivanila yemvelo (Vanilla planifolia), ‘INkosi Yamakha Okudla Emhlabeni’ (世界天然食品香料之王). Lo mkhiqizo wazalwa esiqhingini sase-Hainan (海南) — okuwukuphela kwendawo eshisayo yaseChina lapho ivanila ingakhula khona — njengephrojekthi yesayensi ye-Institute of Tropical Spices and Beverages ye-Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture (中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所). Wadalwa ngo-1993 ngesinqumo esiyinguquko: esikhundleni se-‘yin-zhi’ yembali yendabuko (窨制, ukufaka iphunga ngamacembe e-jasmine noma e-rose) kwasetshenziswa amakhoba avuthiwe e-orchid ye-vanilla — umkhiqizo odinga izinsuku eziyi-120 ukuvuthwa futhi oqukethe izinhlanganisela zephunga ezingaphezu kuka-250. Umphumela — itiye elinephunga likashokoledi-vanilla, ubumnandi ‘be-orchid’ kanye nomphumela wokulwa nokukhathazeka, ongenawo okufana nawo eChina noma emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2024, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bafakwa kuhlelo lwamagugu angaphatheki edolobha laseWanning.

1. Klasifikheshini kanye Nomsuka:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza elifakwe iphunga (添香型绿茶, tiān xiāng xíng lǜchá). Itiye eliyisisekelo — eliluhlaza elivela ezinhlobonhlobo zasemaqabungeni amakhulu e-Hainan. Isithako sokunambitheka — amakhoba avuthiwe emvelo e-orchid ye-vanilla (Vanilla planifolia). Indlela yokufaka iphunga — ‘i-yin-zhi engenazimbali’ (免花窨制, miǎn huā yìnzhì) — ukumuncwa ngezinga eliphansi lokushisa (25–45 °C), ngokungafani ne-‘yin-zhi’ ye-jasmine yakudala esebenzisa amacembe.

• Isigaba: Itiye elisha eliklanywe ngokwesayensi (1993). Amagugu angaphatheki edolobha laseWanning (万宁市级非遗, 2024). Umklomelo emiqhudelwaneni yetiye yomhlaba (igolide le-World Red Tea, 2022 — enguqulweni ebomvu ethi ‘雨林春芽’).

• Umsuka: I-China; isifundazwe sase-Hainan (海南, Hǎinán); idolobha lase-Wanning (万宁市, Wànníng Shì). Isikhungo sokukhiqiza esikhulu — i-Xinglong Tropical Botanical Garden (兴隆热带植物园, Xīnglóng Rèdài Zhíwùyuán), esitholakala e-Institute of Tropical Spices and Beverages (18°44′ с.ш., 110°11′ в.д.). I-Xinglong iyindawo yomlando yabakwa-China ababuyiselwe ezweni besuka eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, abafike nezitshalo zasezindaweni ezishisayo, kuhlanganise ne-vanilla.

• Izixhumanisi zendawo: 18°44′ с.ш., 110°11′ в.д. (Xinglong, Wanning).

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando:

Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá — elinye lama- ‘matiyeni’ asemasha kakhulu e-China: aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ubudala. Ngo-1993, inkampani i-‘Hainan Xiangsheng’ (海南香圣天然食品有限公司) ngokubambisana ne-Southwest Agricultural University (西南农业大学) yaqala ukusebenzisa ivanila ukunambitheka itiye e-China. Impumelelo yaba ukuthi esikhundleni se-‘yin-zhi’ yembali yendabuko (窨制) — ubuchwepheshe lapho itiye limunca iphunga lamacembe amasha e-jasmine noma e-rose, — kwasungulwa indlela ye-‘yin-zhi engenazimbali’ (免花窨制): itiye linikezwa iphunga ngamakhoba avuthiwe e-vanilla, hhayi izimbali. Lokhu kwakusha ngokuphelele: amakhoba e-vanilla awona imbali, kodwa isithelo, futhi iphunga lawo (i-vanillin nezinye izinhlanganisela ezingaphezu kwezingu-250) alakhiwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kodwa ngenxa yokuvuthwa kwezinsuku eziyi-120.

Ngawo lowo nyaka ka-1993, umkhiqizo waphumelela ukuhlolwa kwesayensi ne-teknoloji yiKomidi Lesifundazwe lase-Hainan Lezesayensi Nezobuchwepheshe, ugcwalisa isikhala emkhiqizweni wamatiye anephunga e-China (填补国内空白). Kusukela ngawo-2000s, i-Xinglong Tropical Botanical Garden yandisa ukukhiqizwa, yakha ulayini: itiye eliluhlaza, elibomvu, ne-oolong nge-vanilla. Ngo-2022, inguqulo ebomvu ethi ‘Yulin Chunyu’ (雨林春芽) yazuza igolide ku-World Black Tea Competition. Ngo-2024, ‘i-Xinglong Vanilla Tea Production Technique’ (兴隆香草兰茶制作技艺) yafakwa kuhlelo lwamagugu angaphatheki e-Wanning.

• Igama: 香草兰 (Xiāngcǎo Lán) — ‘i-orchid ye-vanilla’ — igama lesiShayina le- Vanilla planifolia, umvini oshisayo womndeni we-orchid, amakhoba awo avuthiwe awumthombo we-vanillin yemvelo; 绿茶 (Lǜchá) — ‘itiye eliluhlaza’. Incazelo egcwele: ‘Itiye Eliluhlaza Nge-Orchid Ye-Vanilla’.

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá — umkhiqizo oyingxubevange eyingqayizivele yezolimo ezishisayo kanye nemboni yetiye, okwenzeka kuphela e-Hainan — okuwukuphela kwesiqhingi saseChina esishisayo. IXinglong, eyasungulwa ngabakwa-China ababuyiselwe emuva bevela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ngeminyaka yawo-1950, yaba ‘yindibilishi yamasiko’ ezitshalweni ezishisayo: ikhofi, ukhokho, upelepele, ivanila — futhi yilo muzwa wamasiko owaveza umqondo wokuhlanganisa ivanila netiye. I-Xinglong Botanical Garden ingenye yezingadi ezishisayo ezivakashelwa kakhulu e-China (42 ha, izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kwezingu-3000). I-Institute of Tropical Spices iyisikhungo sesayensi esiyingqayizivele e-China esisebenza ngezitshalo ezishisayo ezinuka kamnandi nezokuphuza; ucwaningo nge-vanilla lwenziwa lapha kusukela ngo-1983. I-Hainan ifakwe ohlelweni lwe-‘China Free Trade Port’ (中国自由贸易港), okuvula amathuba okuthunyelwa kwe-Xiāngcǎo Lán emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezithako Zokusetshenziswa:

• Itiye eliyisisekelo — Isitshalo Sase-Hainan Samacembe Amakhulu (海南大叶种): Camellia sinensis var. assamica, isitshalo somdabu sase-Hainan — esinye sezitshalo zetiye eziseningizimu kakhulu e-China (18° N). Amaqabunga makhulu futhi anenyama, ama-polyphenols ≥28 %, okuhlinzeka ‘ngeqinile’ elingakwazi ‘ukuthwala’ iphunga le-vanilla elinamandla ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umlingiswa wetiye. Litshalwa ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika ku-400 m ngaphansi kwezimo zehlathi elishisayo. Ukwengeza, eziqeshini ezithile kusetshenziswa isitshalo i-Qilan (奇兰), esiletha amanothi ezimbali nezithelo.

• Isithako sokunambitheka — I-Orchid Ye-Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia): Umvini oshisayo womndeni we-Orchidaceae, odabuka e-Mexico, olitshalwa e-Hainan kusukela ngawo-1960 (Institute of Tropical Spices). Amakhoba (ama-beans) anobude obuyi-15–25 cm avunwa eluhlaza futhi avuthwe izinsuku eziyi-120 (ukushiswa → ukomiswa → ukuvuthwa ngo-40–50 °C), lapho i-β-glucosidase ihlukanisa i-glucovanillin ibe yi-vanillin ne-glucose, yakhe iphunga likashokoledi-vanilla elinama-compounds amakha angaphezu kuka-250. Amakhoba avuthiwe aqotshwa futhi asetshenziselwa ukunambitheka.

• Okunye okukhethwayo: Kunenguqulo ethi ‘Xianglan Nuomixiang’ (香兰糯米香) engezwe ngeqabunga lasendle le- ‘rice elinamathelayo’ (糯米香叶, nuòmǐ xiāng yè) elivela e-Xishuangbanna — lenza iphunga elikabili le- ‘vanilla + rice elinamathelayo’.

• Ukuvunwa kwesithako setiye: Unyaka wonke (isimo sezulu esishisayo sivumela ukuvunwa okufika kwezi-10 ngonyaka — okungaphezulu kakhulu kunezifunda ezipholile). Ibanga eliphakeme — ama-buds awodwa noma i-bud elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa, avunwa ngesandla. Eliningi — i-bud namacembe amabili noma amathathu, kuvunyelwe ukuvunwa ngomshini. Itiye lase-Hainan elishisayo lihlukile kwelezwe lizwe ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-polyphenols kanye nokuphansi kwama-amino acid, okwenza kube yisisekelo ‘esiqinile’ esihle sokunambitheka.

4. Indawo Nokukhethekile Kokutshalwa:

I-Wanning itholakala ogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Hainan, endaweni eshisayo (18° N) — okuwukuphela kwesifunda saseChina lapho i-vanilla ingakhula khona ngaphandle.

• Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu esishisayo esinama-monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi >25 °C; imvula 2200 mm/ngonyaka; izinsuku ezinamafu nezinkungu >200 ngonyaka; ukugawulwa kwamahlathi 86%. Kwi-vanilla, izinga lokushisa elibalulekile ≥25 °C kanye nomthunzi ≥50%.

• Umhlabathi: Umhlabathi obomvu onomuncu omncane (pH 5.0–6.5), ocebile nge-selenium. Izinto eziphilayo ≥15 g/kg.

• Okukhethekile: I-Vanilla ingenye yezitshalo ezinzima kakhulu zokutshala emhlabeni: imbali ngayinye ithunyelwa impova ngesandla phakathi namahora ama-4–6 ngemva kokuqhakaza (ngokwemvelo, i-vanilla ithunyelwa impova luhlobo olulodwa lwezinyosi ze-melipona, ezitholakala e-Mexico kuphela — azikho e-Hainan); amakhoba avuthwa izinyanga eziyi-9; ukuvuthwa kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-120. Lokhu kwenza i-vanilla yemvelo ibe ngeyodwa yezithako ezibiza kakhulu (250–560 USD/kg wezikhoba ezomile). Isikhungo se-China e-Hainan sakha ‘indlela eyodwa yokuvuthwa komoya oshisayo’ (单元式热空气发酵生香法), eyenza kube nokutholakala kwamakhoba e-vanilla esezingeni le-ISO, futhi okokuqala ezweni sakha amazinga kazwelonke wezithombo nemikhiqizo ye-vanilla (《香荚兰种苗》, 《香荚兰》). Umkhiqizo wamapulazi e-vanilla ase-Hainan ungaphezu kwezinga lomhlaba jikelele ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele bezindonga zokufiphaza zokwenziwa.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukwakhiwa kwe-Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá — uhlelo olunezinyathelo ezimbili: kuqala kukhiqizwa itiye eliluhlaza eliyisisekelo, bese kufakwa iphunga ngamakhoba e-vanilla.

• Isinyathelo 1 — Ukukhiqizwa kwetiye eliluhlaza eliyisisekelo: Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile base-Hainan: ukuvuna → ukubuna → ukumisa uhlaza (ukuwosa) → ukusonta → ukomisa. Itiye eliyisisekelo kufanele ‘libe namandla’ (ama-polyphenols ≥28%) — ukuze likwazi ukumelana nokunambitheka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umlingiswa walo.

• Isinyathelo 2 — Ukuvuthwa kwamakhoba e-vanilla (izinsuku eziyi-120): Amakhoba aluhlaza avunwa, aphathwa ngamanzi ashisayo (杀青, ‘ukubilisa’), bese evuthwa ngo-40–50 °C isikhathi esiyizinsuku ezingaba ngu-120. I-β-glucosidase ihlukanisa i-glucovanillin → i-vanillin + i-glucose. Amakhoba avuthiwe aqotshwa abe yizicucu.

• Isinyathelo 3 — Ukunambitheka nge-‘yin-zhi engenazimbali’ (免花窨制):

  • Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisisekelo lihlanganiswa nezicucu zamakhoba e-vanilla avuthiwe (≥5% ebangeni eliphezulu).
  • Ingxube ivalwa ngokuqinile emathini ensimbi (铁罐密封).
  • Ilungiswa ngo-25–45 °C izinsuku eziyi-5–30 — ‘ukumuncwa ngezinga eliphansi lokushisa’ (低温吸附, dī wēn xīfù). Iqabunga letiye limunca izinhlanganisela zephunga ezikwamoya ezivela kumakhoba e-vanilla. Izinga lokushisa libaluleke kakhulu: uma lingaphezu kuka-45 °C, i-vanillin iyacekelwa phansi, uma lingaphansi kuka-25 °C, ukumuncwa kuhamba kancane kakhulu.
  • Amakhoba ayasuswa, itiye lomiswe futhi.

• Umehluko oyinhloko kwi-‘yin-zhi’ ye-jasmine: Itiye le-jasmine linikezwa iphunga ngezimbali ezintsha, ‘ezinikela’ ngephunga uma zibuna; ivanila — ngamakhoba avuthiwe (izithelo), aphunga lawo lakheka ngenqubo yokuvuthwa kwezinsuku eziyi-120. Lokhu akukhona ukunambitheka ‘kwezimbali’, kodwa ‘kwezithelo’ — indlela ehluke ngokuphelele.

6. Izimpawu Zokuhlola Ngezitho:

• Isimo seqabunga elomile: Imicu eminyene, esontekile (条索紧结卷曲), eluhlaza okucwebezelayo enesithwathwa esincane (色泽绿润显霜). Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala izicucu ezincane zamakhoba e-vanilla (amabala ansundu-namnyama).

• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Kubusa ithoni ye-shokoledi-vanilla (巧克力香, qiǎokèlì xiāng) — uphawu lwe- Vanilla planifolia. Okwesekela — iphunga lezimbali ‘le-orchid’ (兰花香) kanye nelohlaza lwezitshalo (草本清香). Iphunga lihlala isikhathi eside: inkomishi ebandayo igcina iphunga imizuzu >5.

• Iphunga lokugxilisa: Linamandla, ‘njengomkhiqizo wokudla’: ivanila + ushokoledi + ubusha obuluhlaza obuncane. Akukho okufana nakho kunoma yiliphi elinye itiye eliluhlaza — okusondelene kakhulu (okuqhelelene kakhulu) yitiye le-jasmine, kodwa iphrofayili yehluke ngokuphelele. Uma liphola, kuvela amanothi ‘ekhilimu’ kanye ‘ne-caramel’ — okuwumphumela wokusebenzisana kwe-vanillin nama-amino acid etiye ngezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kuka-50 °C.

• Ukunambitheka: Kucebile (醇厚, chúnhòu) — umphumela wama-polyphenols aphezulu esisekelo (≥28%). Kunambitheka okubuyayo (回甘) ngobumnandi be-vanilla. Bushelelezi futhi bunamafutha (润滑, rùnhuá). Ubumuncu buncane — i-vanillin ifihla ubumuncu bama-tannin.

• Umbala wokugxilisa: Uphuzi-luhlaza, okhanyayo futhi obonisa ngale (黄绿明亮).

• Iqabunga letiye eliphekiwe (elehliswayo): Luhlaza okotshani oluncane olunethoni eliphuzi (嫩匀黄绿); ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala iziqephu zamakhoba e-vanilla.

7. Isakhiwo Samakhemikhali:

• Ama-Polyphenols (茶多酚): ≥28 % (itiye eliyisisekelo) — izinga eliphezulu, elihlinzeka ngesisekelo ‘esiqinile’.

• I-Vanillin (香兰素, xiānglán sù): Inhlanganisela eyinhloko yephunga elivela kumakhoba e-vanilla (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde). Ngokuhlangana nezinye izinhlanganisela ezingaphezu kuka-250, kwakha ‘iqoqo le-vanilla yemvelo’, elingenziwa kabusha nge-vanillin yokwenziwa.

• Ama-Amino Acid: Atholakala etiyeni eliyisisekelo, ahlinzeka ngobusha.

• I-Caffeine: Izinga elijwayelekile letiye eliluhlaza.

• Amavithamini: I-Vithamini C, amavithamini eqembu B.

• Amaminerali: I-Selenium (emhlabathini wase-Hainan), i-potassium, i-manganese.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

• Umthelela wokulwa nokukhathazeka: I-Vanillin ivuselela ukusebenza kwe-γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) — i-neurotransmitter eyinhloko evimbelayo. Ngokwemininingwane, ukusebenza kahle kokunciphisa ukukhathazeka kungaphezulu ngo-40% kunaletiye eliluhlaza elijwayelekile.

• Ukwesekwa kokugaya ukudla: Izinhlanganisela ezinuka kamnandi ze-vanilla zikhulisa ukusebenza kwe-pepsin yejusi yesisu.

• Ukuvikela i-antioxidant: Ama-polyphenols (≥28%) etiye eliyisisekelo ahlinzeka ngomsebenzi we-antioxidant ojwayelekile wetiye eliluhlaza.

• Umthelela oqabulayo: I-Caffeine + L-theanine — ukuvuka okuncane.

• Ukusekelwa kokulala: Amafutha abalulekile e-vanilla anomthelela wokudambisa omncane ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi — uma ephuzwa ntambama (ngaphandle kwe-caffeine — ngesimo se-cold infusion).

• Kubalulekile: Lezi zinzuzo ezibaluliwe zisekelwe emininingwaneni ejwayelekile futhi akuzona izeluleko zezokwelapha. Akunconywa ukuphuza esiswini esingenalutho. Umthamo wansuku zonke — ungeqi ku-600 ml (ukuze kugwenywe ukweqisa kwe-caffeine).

9. Ukwenza Itiye:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80 °C (ebangeni eliphezulu — 75 °C). Ungasebenzisi amanzi abilayo — kucekela phansi i-vanillin futhi kuveza ubumuncu.

• Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml (isilinganiso 1:50).

• Izitsha: Ingilazi (ukubuka umbala wokugxilisa) noma i-gaiwan emhlophe yobumba (ukuhlanganisa iphunga).

• Inqubo: Thela amanzi ango-80 °C, ulinde imizuzu emi-3. Kuvunyelwe ukwenziwa okungaphindwe kathathu.

• Ukugxilisa okubandayo (冷泡法, lěng pào fǎ): 4 g itiye + 500 ml amanzi abandayo → esiqandisini, amahora ama-4. I-Xiāngcǎo Lán ebandayo — elinye lamatiye abandayo angcono kakhulu e-China: iphunga le-vanilla-shokoledi livela ngokugqamile, kanti i-caffeine ikhishwa kancane kakhulu.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Izinga lokushisa: Izinga legumbi. Ungaligcini esiqandisini. (okuhlukile phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza) — umoya omanzi esiqandisini ucekela phansi iphunga le-vanilla, futhi amaphunga angaphandle okudla amuncwa itiye ngokushesha. Lokhu umehluko omkhulu ematiyeni amaningi aluhlaza adinga ukugcinwa okupholile.
• Isitsha: Esivalekayo, esimnyama.
• Ukukhanya: Ukuhlukaniswa ngokuphelele — i-vanillin iyazwela ekukhanyeni.
• Isikhathi: Kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-18.

11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:

I-Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá — itiye elithengekayo (okungenye yezinzuzo zalo ngaphezu kwamatiye e-jasmine abizayo). Ibanga eliphezulu — 80–100 yuan/100 g (emathini ensimbi ayizinzipho); ibanga lokuqala — 30–50 yuan/100 g; eliningi (elipakishelwe) — 20–30 yuan/66 g.

• Indlela yokugwema imikhohlisi:

  • Iphunga — ivela ngokwemvelo le-vanilla-shokoledi, lihlala isikhathi eside (>5 min enkomishini ebandayo). I-vanillin yokwenziwa — ibukhali, ‘iyisicaba’, inyamalala ngokushesha.
  • Umsuka — Xinglong, Wanning, Hainan. Imikhiqizo: «兴隆» (Xinglong), «香圣» (Xiangsheng).
  • Izicucu zamakhoba e-vanilla etiyeni — uphawu lokunambitheka kwemvelo.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• Okuwukuphela kwetiye le-vanilla emhlabeni: Akukho noma yisiphi esinye isiko letiye — hhayi e-China, hhayi e-Japan, hhayi e-India, hhayi e-Sri Lanka — esinokufana ne-Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá. Lokhu kungumphumela oqondile wokuma kwendawo okuyingqayizivele kwe-Hainan: okuwukuphela kwesiqhingi saseChina esishisayo lapho i-vanilla ikhula khona ngaphandle.

• ‘I-Yin-zhi engenazimbali’: I-‘yin-zhi’ yendabuko yaseShayina (窨制) ukunambitheka ngezimbali: i-jasmine, i-rose, i-osmanthus. I-Xiāngcǎo Lán — icala lokuqala nelilodwa le-‘yin-zhi’ ‘yezithelo’: ukunambitheka ngamakhoba avuthiwe, hhayi amacembe. Lokhu kwadinga ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kobuchwepheshe: esikhundleni sokukhishwa kwephunga lezimbali amahora angu-6–8 — ukumuncwa okuhamba kancane kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi izinsuku ezingama-30.

• Izinsuku eziyi-120 zokuvuthwa: Ikhoba le-vanilla — ngomunye wemikhiqizo enephunga ‘ensebenzi enzima’ kakhulu emhlabeni. Imbali ngayinye ithunyelwa impova ngesandla (ekuseni, phakathi namahora ama-4–6 ngemva kokuqhakaza); ikhoba livuthwa izinyanga eziyi-9; ukuvuthwa kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-120. Kuqoqo elilodwa le-Xiāngcǎo Lán, kusetshenziswa amakhoba ‘umlando’ wawo oqale ngaphezu konyaka owedlule.

• I-Xinglong — idolobhana lababuyiselwa emuva: I-Xinglong yasungulwa ngeminyaka yawo-1950 ukuze kuhlaliswe abakwa-China ababuyiselwa emuva bevela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam). Bafika namasiko ezolimo asezindaweni ezishisayo: ikhofi, ukhokho, upelepele, ivanila. Yile ndibilishi yamasiko eyaveza umqondo wokuhlanganisa ivanila netiye.

• Ilungele ukugxilisa okubandayo: Iphunga le-vanilla-shokoledi livela ngisho nangamandla uma kwenziwa ukugxilisa okubandayo kunalapho kushisa — kanti i-caffeine ikhishwa kancane kakhulu (cishe 30% wokugxilisa okushisayo). Lokhu kwenza i-Xiāngcǎo Lán ebandayo ibe yisiphuzo sasehlobo esihle kakhulu e-Hainan eshisayo — futhi, ngokubanzi, kuso sonke isifunda saseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, lapho isiko letiye elibandayo lithuthuke kakhulu kunasezweni laseChina.

• I-Vanilla ‘Ehlathini Le-Areca’: Enye yezindlela ezithembisayo zokutshala i-vanilla e-Hainan — ukutshalwa ndawonye (间作, jiānzuò) nesundu le-areca (槟榔, bīnglang): i-vanilla — umvini odinga ukwesekwa nomthunzi; isundu le-areca — isihlahla eside esihlinzeka ngakho kokubili. Ngale ndlela, imikhiqizo emibili ‘edumile’ yase-Hainan — inathi le-areca ne-vanilla — ikhula ndawonye eplanini, kongiwe umhlaba nezinsiza.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza anephunga:

• Moli Huacha (茉莉花茶, Mòlì Huāchá): Itiye eliluhlaza le-jasmine elivamile. Ukunambitheka — ngamacembe amasha e-jasmine (i-‘yin-zhi’ yezimbali, amahora angu-6–8 × imijikelezo engu-3–7). Iphunga — lezimbali, ‘elimhlophe’; ukunambitheka — okusha, ‘okunomoya’. I-Xiāngcǎo Lán — ‘imnyama’, i-shokoledi-vanilla; ukunambitheka — ‘okucinene’ kakhudlwana futhi ‘njengokudla’. Ubuchwepheshe buhluke ngokuphelele: ukunambitheka kwezimbali ngokumelene nokwezithelo.

• Guihua Lücha (桂花绿茶, Guìhuā Lǜchá): Itiye eliluhlaza ne-osmanthus. Iphunga — ‘lebhilikosi-noju’. ‘Lifudumele’ kunele-jasmine, kodwa ngaphandle kokujula kukashokoledi kwe-Xiāngcǎo Lán.

• Earl Grey: Ukufana kwaseNtshonalanga — itiye elimnyama, elifakwe iphunga ngamafutha e-bergamot. Zombili — ‘amatiye anephunga anephrofayili engavamile’, kodwa indlela yehluke ngokuphelele: i-Earl Grey isebenzisa amafutha abalulekile (okukhishwe); i-Xiāngcǎo Lán — amakhoba avuthiwe aphelele (ukuncela kwemvelo). Umphumela — e-Xiāngcǎo Lán, iphunga liyinkimbinkimbi futhi ‘lijule’ ngenxa yezinhlanganisela zephunga ezingaphezu kwezingu-250 zekhoba uma kuqhathaniswa ne-linalool eyodwa ye-bergamot. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Xiāngcǎo Lán — itiye eliluhlaza, kanti i-Earl Grey — elimnyama, okunikeza iphrofayili yokunambitheka ‘yesizinda’ ehluke ngokuphelele: ubusha nokumila kwezitshalo ngokumelene nokunambitheka okumnandi nokwe-tannin.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Xiāngcǎo Lán Lǜchá — itiye eli-anomaly: alizalwanga ezintabeni, kodwa engadini yezitshalo ezishisayo; alinikezwa iphunga ngezimbali kodwa ngezithelo; kungcono uliphuze libandayo, kunokuba lishise; futhi aligcinwa esiqandisini — nakuba liyitiye eliluhlaza. Konke lokhu — kuwumphumela wokuhlangana ‘kwamakhosi’ amabili: itiye lase-Hainan lamacembe amakhulu (ama-polyphenols 28%) kanye ne-orchid ye-vanilla yase-Mexico (izinhlanganisela zephunga ezingaphezu kuka-250, izinsuku eziyi-120 zokuvuthwa), okwenzeka edolobhaneni lababuyiselwe emuva abavela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, esiqhingini esishisayo saseChina okuwukuphela kwaso. Yenza itiye ngo-80 °C — noma, okungcono nakakhulu, thela amanzi abandayo bese ulibeka esiqandisini amahora ama-4: iphunga le-shokoledi-vanilla liyovela ngendlela okungekho nelilodwa itiye eliluhlaza emhlabeni elikwazi ukuyenza.