Wǔjiātái Gòngchá · new.thetea.app

Wǔjiātái Gòngchá iyitíye eliluhlaza elivela e- “selenium capital” yaseChina, eliphawulwe ngomusa wobukhosi futhi ligcina inkumbulo yaleyo nkomishi eyamhlaba umxhwele u-Qianlong ngo-1784. “Jiǎzǐ cuìlǜ liú yǐchǒu, gòngchá yī bēi xiāng mǎn táng” (甲子翠绿留乙丑，贡茶一杯香满堂) — “Ukuhlaza okuluhlaza okusamalayit’ ubuhle bonyaka kaJiazi kuhlala kuze kube unyaka kaYichou, inkomishi eyodwa yomnikelo igcwalisa ihholo ngephunga elimnandi” — kanjalo e-Xuan’en bachaza ukuqina nephunga laleli tiye.

1. Iklasifikheshini kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavuthwanga). Ubuchwepheshe buhlanganisa i-chaoqing (炒青, chǎoqīng — ukuthoswa epanini le-wok) ne-hongqing (烘青, hōngqīng — ukomiswa okushisayo): ukumiswa kwezinga eliphezulu epanini le-wok kulandela imijikelezo eminingi yokomisa-ukunikeza iphunga.
Isigaba: Itiye lomnikelo ongokomlando (贡茶, gòngchá); umkhiqizo kazwelonke onendawo evikelwe yokuphawulwa kwendawo (国家地理标志产品, guójiā dìlǐ biāozhì chǎnpǐn); lifakiwe ohlwini lwesibili lwemikhiqizo evikelwe ngokubambisana yokuphawulwa kwendawo eChina nase-EU (中欧地理标志保护名录). Lingenye “yetshumi lamatiye andumile aseHubei” (湖北十大名茶).
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe saseHubei (湖北, Húběi), i-Enshi Tujia kanye ne-Miao Autonomous Prefecture (恩施土家族苗族自治州, Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu), isifunda sase-Xuan’en (宣恩县, Xuān’ēn Xiàn), idolobhana lase-Wanzhai (万寨乡, Wànzhài Xiāng), idolobhana lase-Wujiatai (伍家台村, Wǔjiātái Cūn). Indawo yegama elivikelwe ihlanganisa namadolobhana ase-Banchang (板场村), Ma’anshan (马鞍山村), Xiangshulin (香树林村), Hongyanka (红岩卡村), Xiaoxi (小溪村) kanye ne-Qianjia (覃家村).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe 29°42′–30°00′ N, 109°11′–109°35′ E. I-”parallel yamashumi amathathu” eyindida (北纬30°) inqamula isifunda.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwezamasiko:

Umlando. Amasiko etiye e-Xuan’en asukela eminyakeni engaphezu kwe-1200. Ngesikhathi sobukhosi be-Qing (清, 1644–1912), kusukela ekubuseni kuka-Kangxi (康熙, wabusa 1661–1722), izinduna zendawo (土司, tǔsī — abaholi bezizwe zomdabu i-Tujia) babekhetha amatiye angcono kakhulu esifundeni ukuze anikelwe enkantolo yombuso futhi babehlala bekhetha umkhiqizo wase-Wujiatai.

Isiqongo salo mlando singu-1784 (unyaka wama-49 wokubusa kuka-Qianlong, 乾隆四十九年). Umlimi wetiye nomthengisi u-Wu Changchen (伍昌臣, Wǔ Chāngchén) — odabuka emndenini ompofu, owathola ezindaweni zakhe amashumishumi ezihlahla zetiye zasendle futhi wawuguqula waba ingadi eyisibonelo — waletha itiye lakhe etafuleni lika-emperor ngohlelo lweminikelo ye-Shinan Fu (施南府, Shīnán Fǔ). U-Emperor Qianlong (乾隆), omunye wabathandi betiye abakhulu emlandweni waseChina, wahlatshwa umxhwele: ukuqhutshwa kokuqala kwaveza i-infusion ehlanzekile eluhlaza enobumnandi obumnene; okwesibili — uketshezi oluluhlaza olusagolide olunephunga elijulile le-castnut; okwesithathu — inkomishi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, egcwalisa ihholo ngephunga elimnandi. U-Emperor ngokwakhe wabhala izinhlamvu ezine: “Huáng’ēn Chǒngxī” (皇恩宠锡, Huáng’ēn Chǒngxī — “Umusa Omkhulu Wenkosi”), futhi wayala ukuthi kwenziwe uqwembe lomnyango wendlu ka-Wu Changchen. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lapho isikhulu sifika phambi kwalolu qwembe, abantu abavamile kwakudingeka behle ezinqoleni zabo, amasosha ehlise emahhashini. Lolu qwembe lusekhona futhi lugcinwe emnyuziyamu we-Enshi Prefecture.

Ngo-1984, uNobhala Jikelele we-CPC Central Committee u-Hu Yaobang (胡耀邦) ngesikhathi evakashele e-Xuan’en wanambitha i-Wujiatai Gòngchá futhi wancoma kakhulu, okwaqala ukuvuselelwa kwesimanje kwalomkhiqizo. Ngo-2008, itiye lathola isimo somkhiqizo kazwelonke onendawo evikelwe; ngo-2009 — isitifiketi sezolimo semvelaphi yenkombandlela evela ku-Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ye-PRC; ngo-2010 — indondo yegolide e-China International Tea Exhibition. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza “Wǔjiātái gòngchá zhìzuò jìyì” (伍家台贡茶制作技艺) bufakiwe ohlwini lwamagugu angabonakali eSigodini saseHubei.

Igama. I-Wujiatai (伍家台) yigama lendawo: “Ithala lomndeni wakwa-Wu” — igama ledolobhana lapho kwasungulwa khona ipulazi lokuqala. I-Gòngchá (贡茶) — “itiye lomnikelo”, “umkhiqizo owethulwa enkantolo”. Incazelo ephelele: “Itiye lomnikelo elivela ethaleni lomndeni wakwa-Wu”.

Ukubaluleka kwezamasiko. I-Wujiatai ukuphela kwendawo esifundazweni saseHubei lapho itiye layo lathola uqwembe olubhalwe ngu-emperor ngokwakhe. Idolobhana namuhla liyisizinda “Sezokuvakasha Kwetiye” (茶旅融合): i-Wujiatai Gòngchá wénhuà lǚyóu qū (伍家台贡茶文化旅游区) iyindawo yokuqala yokuvakasha yamatiye esifundeni sase-Enshi enezinga le-4A (AAAA), efaka izingadi zetiye, umnyuziyamu, indlu ka-Wu Changchen, kanye ne “Qiánkūn hú” (乾坤壶, “Ikomiti Lomhlaba”) — isithombe esikhulu sezwe. Umkhiqizo “Wǔjiātái Gòngchá” ulinganiselwa ku-RMB 9.34 billion (2024).

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:

Uhlobo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar: I-cultivar yesimanje eyinhloko ngu-E Cha 10 (鄂茶10号, Èchá Shí Hào), phambilini owaziwa ngokuthi Xuāntái 27 (宣苔27号) — okhuliswe kule ndawo e-Xuan’en, omunye wemikhiqizo emine ehamba phambili yetiye esifundazweni saseHubei. Ibonakala ngokuhluma kokuqala kwentwasahlobo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid kanye nokufaneleka okuhle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amatiye aluhlaza nahlaza. Kusetshenziswa futhi i-E Cha 1 (鄂茶1号) kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zomdabu eziqhamuka ezihlahleni zasendle ezatholwa ngu-Wu Changchen.
Ukuvuna: Intwasahlobo (ngasekupheleni kukaMashi – u-April) — isikhathi esiyinhloko samaqoqo aphakeme. Ukuvuna kwehlobo nasekwindla kusetshenziselwa itiye elithunyelwa ngaphandle.
Izinga lokuvuna: Iqabunga kanye namahlamvu amancane angu-1–2 (一芽一二叶, yī yá yī-èr yè). Ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu — amaqabunga awodwa noma “iqabunga elilodwa – iqabunga elilodwa” (一芽一叶).
Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza: Amahlumela aphelele, amasha ngaphandle kokulimala komshini, alinganayo ngosayizi. Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngezandla ikakhulukazi.

4. I-terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa:

Isimo sezwe: Isifunda sase-Xuan’en sisemngceleni wezintaba ze-Wuling (武陵山, Wǔlíng Shān) ne-Qiyue (齐跃山, Qíyuè Shān), endaweni “yesiphetho esisempumalanga” se-Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Indawo inezintaba, ihlukaniswe kakhulu, kuhlangana imiqansa emikhulu, izigodi eziwumngcingo kanye nezimo ze-karst. Cishe u-48% wendawo iyizintaba eziphakathi nendawo (amamitha angu-800–1200).
Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: 400–900 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle ngaphakathi kwendawo evikelwe.
Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu esishisayo esinezintaba esinomkhathi omswakama (中亚热带季风湿润型山地气候). Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo ngu-15.8 °C. Izimvula zonyaka eziphakathi nendawo cishe zingu-1400 mm, ukufudumala nomswakama kuhambisana ngesizini (雨热同期), okuhle kakhulu esihlahleni setiye.
Isimo sezulu esincane: Inkungu evamile, umswakama omkhulu, ukufiphala okukhulu. Izimfunda zezintaba zenza umthunzi wemvelo. Ukukhanya okusakazekile kudlula okukhanya okuqondile — lokhu kunciphisa izinga lokuwohloka kwe-theanine futhi kwenyusa isilinganiso sama-amino acid kuma-polyphenol, kwakha iphrofayili emnene, emnandi.
Inhlabathi: I-acidic purple sandy loam (酸性紫色沙壤, suānxìng zǐsè shā rǎng), i-pH ≈ 5.5. Isici esibalulekile — okuqukethwe okuphezulu ngokwemvelo kwe-selenium (硒, xī) enhlabathini: i-Xuan’en iyingxenye “ye-selenium belt” yase-Enshi, enye yezifunda ezimbalwa emhlabeni ezine-selenium eyengeziwe ngokwemvelo. I-selenium idlulela eqabungeni letiye futhi iwuphawu lobuqiniso kanye nokubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo ze-Wujiatai Gòngchá.
Imvelo: Izingadi zamatiye eziphilayo ezingaphezu kuka-3600 mu (cishe amahektha angu-240) esizindeni sendawo zinezitifiketi zamazwe ngamazwe e-organic (EU, Rain Forest Alliance). Ingqikithi yendawo yamasimu esifundeni ingaphezu kwamahektha angu-22,000, kuzo angu-10,000 aqinisekisiwe njengesizinda sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngokwamazinga e-EU.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe be-Wujiatai Gòngchá buqashelwa njengamagugu angabonakali eSigodini saseHubei. Isici salo esihlukanisayo ukumiswa ngezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kanye nokomiswa okushisayo okuphindaphindiwe (imijikelezo engaphezu kuka-10) “ngokwembula iphunga” (散香, sàn xiāng), okwakha iphrofayili ye-castnut eyisignesha.

Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukuvuna ngezandla ngezikhathi zasekuseni. Impahla eluhlaza ilethwa ngokushesha emsebenzini.
Ukuthela (摊青, tānqīng): Amaqabunga avuniwe andlalwa kumapulangwe oqalo ngongqimba oluncane ukuze kuhwamuke umswakama ongaphezulu futhi kuqale ukuhlukaniswa “kokomisa okuluhlaza”. Isikhathi — amahora angu-2–4.
Ukumiswa / “ukubulala ukuhlaza” (杀青, shāqīng): Isigaba esiyinhloko. Izinga lokushisa le-wok lifinyelela ku-260 °C — eliphakeme kakhulu kunamaningi amatiye aluhlaza. Isivinini sokuphendula — cishe izikhathi ezingu-40 ngomzuzu. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme ngokwedlulele ngokuthintana okufushane licisha ngokushesha i-oxidase, “livale” umbala oluhlaza futhi liqala ukusabela kwe-Maillard, okuqala iphunga le-castnut elibonakalayo (栗香, lì xiāng).
Ukujibilika (揉捻, róuniǎn): Amaqabunga ayagoqwa, akha imicu emincane eqinile futhi aphula izindonga zamaseli ukuze kukhishwe ngokulinganayo uma kufakwa amanzi.
Ukubunjwa (做形, zuòxíng): Ukunikeza amaqabunga isimo esihlelekile — imicu eqondile, emincane, eqinile.
Ukomiswa okuphindaphindiwe ngokwembula iphunga (烘干散香, hōnggān sàn xiāng): Inqubo eyingqayizivele: amaqabunga adlula emijikelezweni engaphezu kuka-10 yokushisa kanye nokuphumula isikhashana emoyeni. Umjikelezo ngamunye ususa umswakama futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uvumela izinto eziphefumulayo ukuba zihlangane ngaphakathi kweqabunga, kwandisa ubujule nokuqina kwephunga le-castnut. Umswakama wokugcina — ≤ 6%.
Ukukhetha nokuhlunga (拣剔分级, jiǎn tī fēnjí): Ukususwa kwamaqabunga anezici, iziqu kanye nezingcezu; ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba.

6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:

Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Imicu eqondile, eqinile, emincane (条索紧细, tiáosuǒ jǐnxì), umbala — oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocijile onesithunzi esisiliva. Iqabunga libukeka lihlelekile futhi lilingana.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Iphunga le-castnut elijulile, eliqinile “shú lì xiāng” (熟栗香, shú lì xiāng — “iphunga le-castnut eyosiwe”), elengezwe amanothi ahlanzekile ezitshalo kanye nesithunzi sezimbali esincane.
Iphunga le-infusion: Iphrofayili ye-castnut iyabusa futhi ikhula lapho iphola. Iphunga liminyene, “liqinile”, linesisila eside — esinye sezici ezibonakalayo zaleli tiye.
I-flavour: Ichazwa ngefomula “yezinkomishi ezintathu”: ukudlondlobala kokuqala — kuhlanzekile, okubonakalayo, nobumnandi bokuqala (甘醇初露); okwesibili — okucebile, “nomzimba” we-castnut ojulile (熟栗香郁); okwesithathu — okuluhlaza, okunephunga elimnandi, nokwembulwa okuphelele kwephunga (芳香横溢). I-flavour imnandi, ihlanzekile (清甘, qīnggān), i-aftertaste — umnandi obuyayo omude (回甜畅爽, huí tián chàng shuǎng). Ubuhlungu noku-astringency okuhlanganisiwe cishe akukho.
Umbala we-infusion: Ukudlondlobala kokuqala — okuhlanzekile, okuluhlaza okukhanyayo (清绿); okwesibili — okuluhlaza okusagolide (绿亮透黄); okwesithathu — i-jade ejulile (碧泛青). I-infusion isobala, ikhanya.
Iphansi lekomishi (iqabunga elifakwe amanzi): Okuluhlaza ngobumnene, okulinganayo, okuthambile. Amaqabunga avuleka ngokuphelele, okuqinisekisa ubumnene bempahla eluhlaza kanye nokucophelela kokusebenza.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-polyphenol (茶多酚): 18–24% wesisindo esomile. Ama-catechin ahlinzeka nge-astringency emnene kanye nomsebenzi we-antioxidant. Isilinganiso esiphansi ngokuqhathaniswa kwetiye eliluhlaza sama-polyphenol kuma-amino acid — siyisihluthulelo sobumnandi kanye nobumnandi be-flavour.
Ama-amino acid (氨基酸): Okuqukethwe okwandisiwe — 3.5–5%, ikakhulukazi i-L-theanine. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwama-amino acid kubangela “ubumnandi” (鲜爽) kanye “nobumnandi obushelelayo” (甘滑) be-flavour.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine — cishe 3–4%; i-theobromine, i-theophylline — amanani amancane.
I-Selenium (硒, xī): I-microelement ehlukanisayo — okuqukethwe kwe-selenium eqabungeni letiye kuphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso saseChina ngenxa yenhlabathi ene-selenium yase-Enshi. I-selenium iyi-antioxidant microelement ebalulekile ebandakanyeka ekusebenzeni kwama-enzyme e-glutathione peroxidase.
Amavithamini: C (okuqukethwe okuphezulu, okuvamile ematiye aluhlaza), B₁, B₂, E, K, i-folic acid.
Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-phosphorus, i-fluoride — kanye ne-selenium.
Amafutha abalulekile: Izakhi eziphefumulayo ezakha iphrofayili ye-castnut — okuphuma kwe-pyrazines nama-furans, okwakheka ngesikhathi sokumiswa ngezinga eliphezulu (ukusabela kwe-Maillard).

8. Izakhiwo Ezinempilo:

Umthelela we-antioxidant: Ukuvikeleka okuphindwe kabili kwe-antioxidant: ama-catechin (ama-polyphenol) + i-organic selenium — inhlanganisela eyivelakancane etiyeni, ekhulisa ukusebenza kokucindezelwa kwama-radical akhululekile.
Ukugqugquzela okuncane nokweseka kwengqondo: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kunikeza ukugxila okuqinile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka — “ukuhluzeka okuzolile”.
Ukwesekwa kwendlala yegilo nodlala wamasosha omzimba: I-selenium ibandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwama-hormone we-thyroid kanye nasekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba.
Ukwesekwa kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenol asiza ukujwayela iphrofayili ye-lipid kanye nokugcina ubuqine bemithambo yegazi.
Ukugaya ukudla: Itiye eliluhlaza likhuthaza ukukhishwa kwama-enzyme okugaya futhi ligqugquzela ukunyakaza kwesisu ngobumnene.
Ukuqinisa amazinyo nezinsini: I-fluoride nama-catechin acindezela izilwanyana ezibanga ukubola kwamazinyo.
Ukwesekwa kwe-metabolism: Itiye eliluhlaza likhulisa i-thermogenesis nokushiswa kwamafutha.
Umthelela wokulwa nezilwanyana ezincane: Ama-catechin anomsebenzi we-bacteriostatic ngokumelene nama-pathogen athile.

9. Ukuphisa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–90 °C. Ngezingxenye ezinamaqabunga amnene — 80 °C; ngezilinganiso ezijwayelekile ezinamahlamvu — 85–90 °C.
Inani letiye: amagremu angu-3 nge-150 ml (ingilazi/i-teapot); amagremu angu-5–7 nge-gaiwan engu-100–120 ml (gongfu).
Izitsha: I-porcelain gaiwan (盖碗) — ivumela ukulawulwa kwesikhathi sokukhishwa futhi yembula ngokuphelele iphunga le-castnut. Ingilazi yengilazi — yokubuka “umdanso” weqabunga nokuguquguquka kombala kusuka ekudlondlobaleni kuye ekudlondlobaleni.
Inqubo (isitayela se-gongfu):

Shisisa i-gaiwan nezinkomishi ngamanzi abilayo, uwathele.
Faka amagremu angu-5–7 etiye, vala isivalo imizuzwana engu-10 — hoglela iphunga le-castnut esivalweni.
Ukudlondlobala kokuqala: thela amanzi angu-85 °C, wamukele imizuzwana engu-15–20, uthele. Hlola “inkomishi yokuqala” — ubumsulwa nobumnandi bokuqala.
Ukudlondlobala kwesibili – kwesithathu: imizuzwana engu-10–15. Iphunga le-castnut lifinyelela phezulu.
Ukudlondlobala kwesine – kwesithupha: khulisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana engu-5–10. Ukunambitha kuguquka ngokushelelayo kusuka ku-castnut kuya ekunambitheni okumnandi kwezimbali.
Inani lokudlondlobala: 5–8.

Ingilazi (beipao): amagremu angu-3 nge-200 ml. Thela ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yengilazi — linda imizuzwana engu-30 — yengeza. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yengxube futhi ungeze amanzi ashisayo. Buka ukuguquguquka “kwezinkomishi ezintathu”.
Kubalulekile: Ungamisi isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engu-3 e-teapot — itiye elisebenza isikhathi eside lilahlekelwa ubumnandi futhi lithola ubuhlungu obudlulele.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Izinga lokushisa: 0–5 °C (efrijini) ngaphakathi kwephakeji evulekile engenawo umoya — okuhle kakhulu. Okwamukelekayo indawo epholile neyomile (kuze kufike ku-10 °C).
Izitsha: Amaphakethe we-foil engenawo umoya, amathini ensimbi anesivalo esiqinile. Ingilazi — engabonisi kuphela.
Izitha zetiye: Ukukhanya, umswakama, amaphunga angaphandle, umoya-mpilo, ukufudumala.
Isikhathi: Kungakapheli izinyanga ezingu-12 ngemuva kokukhiqizwa — ukuze kwembulwe kakhulu iphunga le-castnut. Isisho sendawo siqinisekisa ukuthi i-Wujiatai Gòngchá evalwe kahle ngonyaka wesibili igcina zonke izimfanelo zayo “njengokusha” (umbala, iphunga, ukunambitha, isimo akushintshi).

11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:

Isigaba sentengo: Ingxenye ephakathi nephezulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseHubei. Izinga elikhethekile lentwasahlobo (特级) elivela esizindeni sendawo — kusukela ku-RMB 600/jin. Amaqoqo ajwayelekile athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe — ashibhe kakhulu.
Izici zentengo: Isizini yokuvuna (intwasahlobo yokuqala — inani eliphakeme), izinga, ukuba yingxenye yesizinda sendawo evikelwe, isitifiketi se-organic, i-cultivar (i-E Cha 10 — inani eliphakeme).
Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:
- Hlola ubukhona besitifiketi semvelaphi yenkombandlela (地理标志) kanye nokugunyazwa komkhiqizo “Wǔjiātái Gòngchá” (amabhizinisi angu-37 agunyaziwe ngo-2024).
- Gxila ephungwini le-castnut: itiye langempela linephunga elijulile, eliqinile “shú lì xiāng” — iphunga le-castnut eyosiwe, hhayi inothi elingaphezulu “elishisiwe”.
- Hlola “izinkomishi ezintathu”: i-Wujiatai yangempela ibonisa ukuguqulwa okulandelanayo kombala nephunga kusuka ekudlondlobaleni kuye ekudlondlobaleni.
- Qaphela amanani aphansi ngokusolisayo — ukufakwa kwempahla eluhlaza evela ngaphandle kwendawo evikelwe kuyenzeka.
- Qaphela okuqukethwe kwe-selenium: abanye abakhiqizi bayikubhala ephaketheni njengophawu lobuqiniso.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Uqwembe “Huáng’ēn Chǒngxī” (皇恩宠锡), olubhalwe ngesandla ngu-Emperor Qianlong, luwukuphela kwalo eSigodini saseHubei umbhalo wobukhosi onikezelwe etiyeni. Lugcinwe emnyuziyamu we-Enshi Prefecture futhi lungomunye wemibukiso ehamba phambili.
U-Wu Changchen (伍昌臣) waqala uhambo lwakhe njengomlimi ompofu, owathola ngengozi izihlahla zetiye zasendle lapho evula indawo yengadi. Kulezi zihlahla ezingamashumi amancane kwamila imboni yonke yetiye, namuhla eyondla imindeni engaphezu kuka-35,000.
Ifomula “yezinkomishi ezintathu” (三杯水, sān bēi shuǐ) ingenye yezindlela ezindala kakhulu ezihleliwe zokuhlola i-organic ye-organoleptic yetiye eliluhlaza eChina: ukudlondlobala ngakunye okulandelayo kumelwe kwembule isici esisha somlingiswa wetiye. I-Wujiatai ingelinye lamatiye ambalwa lapho le fomula ibhalwe emithonjeni yomlando.
Isifunda sase-Xuan’en siyingxenye “ye-selenium belt” yase-Enshi edumile: lapha inhlabathi iqukethe izinga eliphakeme ngokungajwayelekile le-selenium etholakala kalula, okwenza imikhiqizo yendawo (itiye, irayisi, imifino) ibe yinto enaka kakhulu izazi zokudla.
Ngo-2024, i-Wujiatai Gòngchá yayithunyelwa emazweni angaphezu kuka-10, okuhlanganisa iJalimane, iFrance, i-United States ne-Japan. Inkampani yaseJalimane i-Waldhof yathumela abamele bayo ngqo e-Xuan’en ukuze babambe iqhaza enqubweni yokukhiqiza — okuyisenzakalo esingavamile sokubandakanyeka okusondele kangaka kwe-Europe emkhakheni wetiye waseChina.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:

Wǔjiātái Gòngchá (伍家台贡茶) uma uqhathaniswa ne-Enshi Yulu (恩施玉露, Ēnshī Yùlù): Zombili zivela e-Enshi, zombili ziqukethe i-selenium. Kodwa i-Enshi Yulu iwukuphela kwetiye eChina eligcine ubuchwepheshe baseJapan bokushisa ngesitimu (蒸青, zhēngqīng); iphunga layo — elisha, elolwandle, “ulwelwe”. I-Wujiatai — i-chaoqing/hongqing enephrofayili ye-castnut eqinile kanye nokunambitheka okuqinile. Amatiye amabili ayaphelelisana “njenge-yin ne-yang” yesiko letiye lase-Enshi.
Wǔjiātái Gòngchá (伍家台贡茶) uma uqhathaniswa ne-Xinyang Maojian (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Zombili — amatiye aluhlaza avela “ebhandeni eliphakathi laseChina” anamanothi e-castnut. I-Xinyang Maojian — i-chaoqing kuphela, elula kakhulu futhi ebabayo. I-Wujiatai — iqinile, imnandi, inephunga le-castnut eliqinile ngenxa yokomiswa okuphindaphindiwe. I-selenium e-Wujiatai yengeza inani eliyingqayizivele lezondlo.
Wǔjiātái Gòngchá (伍家台贡茶) uma uqhathaniswa ne-Mengding Ganlu (蒙顶甘露, Méngdǐng Gānlù): I-Mengding Ganlu — itiye laseSichuan elinomlando we-gongcha, elithambile, elimnandi, elinezimo ezinjengobhontshisi ne-castnut. I-Wujiatai — ihleleke kangcono, inephrofayili ye-castnut ejulile kanye nokuguqulwa okuphawulekayo “kwezinkomishi ezintathu”. Zombili — amatiye omnikelo anemizuzu yeminyaka, kodwa i-terroir nobuchwepheshe kudala amaphrofayili ahlukanisekayo.
Wǔjiātái Gòngchá (伍家台贡茶) uma uqhathaniswa ne-Tianshan Lücha (天山绿茶, Tiānshān Lǜchá): I-Tianshan — i-hongqing yaseFujian enephunga lezimbali ne-castnut kanye “nokuhlaza okuthathu”; i-Wujiatai — itiye laseHubei elinenqubo exubile ye-chaoqing-hongqing kanye nephrofayili ye-castnut ebusayo. I-Tianshan — “inephunga elingaphezulu” kurejista lezimbali; i-Wujiatai — “ijulile” ku-castnut futhi “imnandi” ku-aftertaste.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Wujiatai Gòngchá — itiye elinozalo lobukhosi, elakhula ezihlahleni ezimbalwa zasendle engadini yomuntu ompofu. Kule ndaba kukhona okuthile okungumfanekiso: itiye elikhulu alizalwa ngamalungelo, kodwa yi-terroir kanye nobungcweti. Inhlabathi ene-selenium yase-Xuan’en, inkungu yezintaba ye-parallel yamashumi amathathu, ukumiswa okushisa ngokwedlulele kanye nokomiswa okuphindaphindiwe ngokungajahi — konke lokhu kuhlangana enkomishini namuhla esakwazi ukumangaza ngendlela efanayo neyamangaza u-Qianlong eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili edlule. Iphunga le-castnut elikhulayo kusuka ekudlondlobaleni kuye ekudlondlobaleni, ubumnandi obumnene ngaphandle kwesithunzi sobuhlungu kanye nomsila omude we-aftertaste — yifomula engeke yenziwa ngomgunyathi. Leli tiye lilingana ngokufanayo nokunambitha ngokungajahi kanye nomkhuba wansuku zonke wasekuseni, liyazwisiseka ngokufanayo konomfundi kanye nolwazi.