Wǔfēng Máo Jiān · new.thetea.app

Wǔfēng Máo Jiān (五峰毛尖) yitiye eliluhlaza elinomlando elivela entshonalanga ye-Hubei, elikhule ezintabeni lapho u-Lù Yǔ (陆羽) athi “kwakunezihlahla zetiye ezazingakwazi ukugona abantu ababili ngezandla.” Isifunda sase-Wǔfēng (五峰) siyingxenye yezindawo ezibalulekile zetiye emfuleni i-Yangtze, kanti itiye uqobo lwalo lihlukaniswa ngephunga elimnandi le-castnut (栗香, lì xiāng) kanye nokuconsa okuqinile, okuqhubekayo—ukuhlangana okungavamile kuma máo jiān athambile.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshelwa). Ukumiswa kokuhlaza (杀青, shāqīng) kuyeka ngokuphelele ukufakwa kwe-oxidation; indlela eyinhloko—ukuthosa epanini (炒青, chǎoqīng).
Isigaba: Itiye lesifunda elinomlando; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo oluvikelwe (地理标志产品, dìlǐ biāozhì chǎnpǐn). Kungokwesigaba “máo jiān” (毛尖) — “izihloko ezinoboya,” okuhlanganisa amatiye aluhlaza anoboya obuningi emigqeni emincane, eqondile.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, Húběi), idolobha lase-Yichang (宜昌, Yíchāng), i-Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County (五峰土家族自治县, Wǔfēng Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn). Izindawo ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza: i-Caihua (采花乡, Cǎihuā xiāng) — ingqikithi yendawo, i-Wǔfēng (五峰镇), i-Yuyanguan (渔洋关镇), i-Changleping (长乐坪镇), i-Xingyanping (星岩坪).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe 30.20° N, 110.67° E (isikhungo sesifunda sase-Wǔfēng). Isifunda sonke siyintaba ehlanganisa izintaba ze-Wuling (武陵山, Wǔlíng shān) kanye nendawo ephakeme yase-Yunnan-Guizhou.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Umlando wamatiye ase-Wǔfēng usukela emuva eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili. Encwadini ka-Lù Yǔ ethi “I-Classic YeTiee” (《茶经》, Chá Jīng), eyabhalwa ngesikhathi sika-Tang (唐, Táng), isifunda sase-Xiázhōu (峡州) — okuyiyona-Wǔfēng, i-Changyang, i-Yidou, ne-Yichang — sikhulunywa njengendawo lapho kukhula khona izihlahla zetiye ezinkulu. Esahlukweni esithi “Eyesishiyagalombili — Imikhiqizo” (八之出, bā zhī chū), u-Lù Yǔ ubeka itiye lase-Xiázhōu endaweni yokuqala phakathi kwamatiye esifunda sase-Shānnán (山南): “Shānnán — i-Xiázhōu inhle kakhulu, i-Xiāngzhōu ne-Jīngzhōu zilandelayo.” I-“Chronicle ye-Changle County” ye-Qing (清《长乐县志》) — i-Changle kwakuyigama elidala lase-Wǔfēng — ibhala ukuthi “ngoMashi bonke abesifazane bayaphuma bayokha itiye; itiye elikhiwa ngo-Qingming — li-yǔqián-xīchá; elikhiwa ngo-Guyu — li-gǔyǔ-xīchá; kukhona futhi i-Bái Máo Jiān, i-Rónggōu, namanye amatiye adumile.” Ngo-1853, isifunda sase sikhiqiza itiye obekubhekwa njengelidumile. Umlando wanamuhla womkhiqizo “Wǔfēng Máo Jiān” uhlobene nomsebenzi wenkampani “Caihua Tea” (采花茶业), okwathi ngeminyaka yawo-1980 yahlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bezandla nokuhlungwa ngomshini. Ngo-1991, imboni yamatiye yase-Yichang yafinyelela inani elingaphezu kwamathani angama-5 400, lapho itiye eliluhlaza lalingaba ngamathani angama-4 350. Ngo-2009, ubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kwe-Caihua Máo Jiān (采花毛尖) bafakwa ohlwini lwamagugu angabonakali esifundazwe sase-Hubei. Ngo-2020, kwamenyezelwa amazinga e-“Yichang Máo Jiān” (《宜昌毛尖》) kanye ne-“Technical Regulation for the Processing of Yichang Máo Jiān,” kwethulwa ngokusemthethweni uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda i-“Yichang Máo Jiān.” Isifunda sase-Wǔfēng, esinendawo ephelele yamasimu etiye engaphezu kuka-22萬畝 (cishe amahekthare angu-14 700) nokukhiqizwa konyaka okungaphezu kwamathani angu-28 000 (imininingwane ka-2021), siyisifunda esihamba phambili samatiye esifundazweni sase-Hubei.
Igama: I-Wǔfēng (五峰) ngokuqondile isho “Iziqongo Ezinhlanu,” igama lesifunda elibonisa isimo sendawo esiyintaba. I-Máo (毛) isho “uboya,” “intuthwane”: ikhomba uboya obumhlophe (白毫, báiháo) ebusweni bamacembe. I-Jiān (尖) isho “isihloko,” “injongo”: ikhomba isihloko esincanyana nesiqinile seqhuzu. Ngakho-ke, igama eliphelele lingahunyushwa ngokuthi “izihloko ezinoboya ezivela Eziqongweni Ezinhlanu.”
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Wǔfēng inesihlonzi esithi “Izwe LeTiye Eliyingqayizivele LaseChina” (中国名茶之乡, Zhōngguó míngchá zhī xiāng). Isifunda ngokomlando sixhumene noMkhondo Omkhulu WeTiye (万里茶道, Wànlǐ chá dào): umzila wasendulo wetiye e-Wǔfēng onamabhuloho amatshe, iziteshi zeposi, izindawo zokuhlala zezihambi, nezitolo zetiye uyingxenye yendawo efakwe ohlwini lwezizinda zomhlaba ze-UNESCO eziphakanyiswayo. Ukuphuzwa kwetiye kuhlangene kakhulu namasiko abantu baka-Tujia (土家族, Tǔjiāzú), abayinxenye enkulu yabantu basesifundeni: imikhosi yetiye kanye nemincintiswano yokuhlola ukunambitheka iba minyaka yonke kuhambisana nezingoma zesintu nemikhuba.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo:

Uhlobo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Izinhlobo / Amakhalala: Isisekelo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo siyizinhlobo zendawo (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng) — amahlumela ahlukene ngokofuzo ajwayelana nomhlaba osezintabeni wase-Wǔfēng emakhulwini eminyaka. Inqwaba yezihlahla zasendulo endaweni evikelwe yasesigodini sase-Nanmuqiao (楠木桥村, Nánmùqiáo cūn) ineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ubudala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesifunda kunemihlobo esezingeni lesifundazwe: Wǔfēng 212 (五峰212), Wǔfēng 310 (五峰310), kanye no-E Chá 7 (鄂茶7号, È chá 7 hào), ephawuleka ngezinga eliphakeme lama-amino acid.
Ukuvuna: Ngokuyinhloko entwasahlobo. Ukuvuna kuqala phakathi noMashi kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Okubaluleke kakhulu — ukuvuna kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kwe-Qingming (清明, Qīngmíng) naphakathi kwe-Qingming ne-Guyu (谷雨, Gǔyǔ).
Indinganiso yokuvuna: Ngezinga elikhethekile (特级, tèjí) — iqhuzu elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa esigabeni sokuqala sokuqhakaza (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chūzhǎn). Ngezinga lokuqala — iqhuzu elilodwa namacembe amabili esigabeni sokuqala sokuqhakaza (一芽二叶初展). Ngezinga lesibili — iqhuzu elilodwa namacembe amabili (一芽二叶). Ngezinga lesithathu — iqhuzu elilodwa namacembe amabili kuya kwamathathu, kuvunyelwe amacembe aphambene (对夹叶, duìjiā yè).
Izidingo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo: Okusha, okuphelele, ngaphandle kokulimala kwemishini noma ukushiswa ngokweqile. Ukulethwa kusuka ensimini kuya emkhiqizweni kufanele kube ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu ukuvimbela ukufakwa kwe-oxidation okuzenzakalelayo.

4. Umhlaba kanye Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokutshalwa:

Isifunda i-Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County sisentshonalanga ekude yesifundazwe sase-Hubei, lapho kuhlangana khona izintaba ze-Wuling kanye nendawo esempumalanga ye-Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Indawo — iyizintaba ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwezindawo eziyithafa.

Ukuphakama kokuhlala: Ukusuka ku-150 m (phansi kwezigodi zemifula) kuya ku-2 320 m (ukuphakama okuphezulu kwesifunda). Amasimu amatiye amaningi atholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingu-600–1 200 m, okulethela ukunambitheka okuyintaba kwetiye.
Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu esishisayo esinomoya we-monsoon esinethonya elisobala lesigodi soMfula i-Yangtze. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka liphakathi kuka-13–17 °C. Imiphumela yemvula yonyaka — cishe 1 600 mm (ezinsukwini ezinemvula ezingaba ngu-166). Isikhathi esingenaqhwa — cishe izinsuku ezingu-240. Umoya oswakeme nokunkungu okuningi — kufika ezinsukwini ezingu-200 zonyaka ezinamafu — kudala izimo zokukhanya okuhlakazekile, lapho eqabungeni kuqoqeka khona ama-amino acid amaningi nama-catechin amancane, kwakheka ukunambitheka okumnene nokunoshukela.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ene-acidic ephuzi-nsundu yasezintabeni (ihlathi eliphuzi lasezintabeni), ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo futhi inothiswe ngama-microelement — i-zinc (Zn) ne-selenium (Se). Ukusabela kwe-acidic (pH 4.5–5.5) kuhle kakhulu esihlahleni setiye.
Ubucwepheshe bezolimo: Isifunda sigxile ekuhlenzeni amasimu ngendlela evikela imvelo. Kuneziko lezinto zokudla eziluhlaza ezingadalulwanga kuzwelonke le-100 000 mu (~6 670 ha) kanye nendawo ethunyelwa kwelinye izwe eqinisekiselwe ukuthunyelwa e-EU — 25 000 mu. Kusetshenziswa uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lokuvikela izitshalo (ukulawula izinambuzane ngendlela eluhlaza) kanye nokulawulwa kokuvikela okuhlanganyelwe.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Wǔfēng Máo Jiān ingaphansi kwamatiye aluhlaza athosiweyo (炒青绿茶, chǎoqīng lǜchá) anephunga elimnandi le-castnut, elakhiwa ngesikhathi sokuqandisa okuphezulu nokomisa okulandelayo. Ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bezandla, obabuhlanganisa izigaba ezine eziyisisekelo (ukuvuna — ukuthosa — ukusonga — ukushisa eziko), kusukela ngo-1951 kancane kancane buxhunywa ngomshini; noma kunjalo, amabheji enziwe ngesandla (手工制作, shǒugōng zhìzuò) asabhekwa njengawemfashini futhi akhiqizwa ngenani elincane kakhulu. Umjikelezo ophelele wezandla uthatha amahora angaba yisishiyagalombili.

Ukuvuna (采摘 — cǎizhāi): Ukukhethwa ngesandla kwamahlumela ekuseni, ngaphambi kokushisa okukhulu. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zilethwa efektri zisezitsheni zomsobo (竹篮, zhúlán) ukugcina umoya uvulekile.
Ukwehliswa / ukutshalwa (摊青 — tānqīng): Iqabunga elisha landlalwa ngendwangu encane ekamelweni elipholile nelinomoya ukuze kuhlanjululwe umswakama futhi kuqale ukuhwamuka okulula, ngokuvamile amahora angu-2–4. Lesi sigaba silungiselela iqabunga ukuqandiswa, sinciphise umswakama owedlulele.
Ukuqandiswa kokuhlaza (杀青 — shāqīng): Isigaba esibalulekile. Iqabunga lithoswa epanini elishisayo noma emshinini wokushisa nge-drum ezingeni lokushisa elingu-160–200 °C. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lenza i-polyphenol oxidase ingasebenzi, limise ukufakwa kwe-oxidation, futhi liyakhe isisekelo sephunga le-castnut. Ubude — imizuzu engu-6–8. Isici sobuchwepheshe — ukugcizelela ngokukhethekile ekuthoseni (炒青技术, chǎoqīng jìshù), hhayi ekuhwamukiseni, okuchaza umsindo osobala wamantongomane.
Ukupholisa / ukwehliswa (摊凉 — tānliáng): Iqabunga elithosiwe landlalwa kafushane ukuze lipholile futhi lizinze ngaphambi kokusonga.
Ukusonga (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Iqabunga liyasongwa ukubhidliza izinhlaka zamaseli futhi kukhishwe umunxa, ukuze kube nokukhipheka okugcwele ngesikhathi sokunithisa futhi kwakheke isimo esinjengenjongo, esiqondile seqabunga letiye.
Ukubunjwa / ukucutshungulwa okwesibili (做形 — zuòxíng): Ukunikeza amaqabunga itiye isimo esincanyana, esiqondile, esinjengenjongo ngezihloko ezicijile. Kusetshenziswa amasu: ukwelula (理条, lǐtiáo), ukunyakazisa (抖, dǒu), ukucindezela (捺, nà).
Ukomisa / ukushisa (烘干 — hōnggān): Kwenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu: ukoma kokuqala (初烘) cishe ku-80 °C, ukoma okuphakathi (复烘) cishe ku-70 °C, nokoma kokugcina (足烘) cishe ku-50 °C, ubude — imizuzu engu-60–90. Uhlelo lwezinyathelo ezintathu luqinisekisa ukususwa komswakama ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokoma ngokweqile futhi luqinisa iphunga.
Ukuhlunga nokuhlanganisa (拣剔整形 — jiǎntī zhěngxíng): Ukususwa kwamaqabunga angafanele, izicucu, iziqu; ukuhlanjululwa kokugcina; ukuhlanganiswa okuvalekile.

6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngezitho:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amaqabunga amancanyana, aqondile, asongwe ngokuqinile (条索紧结, tiáosuǒ jǐnjié), alinganayo ngosayizi (匀整, yúnzhěng). Umbala — uluhlaza okhanyayo onokucwazimula okunamafutha (嫩绿油润, nènlǜ yóurùn). Uboya obumhlophe (白毫, báiháo) buwumbesa obala ubuso, ikakhulukazi emazingeni aphakeme.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile, elisha, elinokunambitheka okusobala kwe-castnut-ne-nut (熟栗香, shú lì xiāng) okuyisici se-Wǔfēng. Emabhejini aphakeme, kukhona ukunambitheka okuncane kwezimbali, okukhumbuza i-orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng).
Iphunga lokungena: Iphunga eliphakeme, eliqinile le-castnut, lihambisana nobumnandi obuthambile bezitshalo ezintsha. Emasampuleni angcono kakhulu — inkimbinkimbi eyinkimbinkimbi: i-castnut + orchid (嫩栗香和兰花香的复合香型).
Ukunambitheka: Okuminyene, okunothile (浓厚, nónghòu), okunomzimba kakhudlwana kunamanye amatiye amaningi e-máo jiān. Kwenza kahle ukuphuzwa izikhathi eziningi (耐泡, nàipào). Ubumnandi buzwakala kusukela ekuphuzeni kokuqala; emlonyeni — ukuhlanzeka nokunomsoco (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng), ngaphandle kokubaba noma ukuqina. Ubumnandi obusemva (回甘, huígān) buhlala isikhathi eside.
Umbala wokungena: Uluhlaza okhanyayo, okhanyayo futhi ocacile (嫩绿明亮, nènlǜ míngliàng). Esitsheni kubonakala ukuntanta okulula kwezinhlayiya zoboya (茶毫浮动, cháháo fúdòng).
Indebe yetiye (iqabunga elithengisiwe): Elihlaza okhanyayo, elicwazimulayo, nelinokuqina (嫩绿润亮, nènlǜ rùnliàng). Amaqabunga ayalingana, ngaphandle kweziqu ezimahhadlahhadla; lapho kucindezelwa kancane, kuzwakala ukuqina.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-polyphenol (茶多酚, chá duōfēn): Okuqukethwe — cishe 34% wesisindo esomile, okungaphezulu ngo-5% kwesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza ajwayelekile. Ama-catechin (儿茶素, ér chásù) adla lubi: epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epicatechin (EC). Ama-catechin anquma amandla okulwa nokuguga kweseli kanye nobumnandi obuphakathi.
Ama-amino acid (氨基酸, ānjīsuān): Okuqukethwe — cishe 6.5% wesisindo esomile, okungaphezulu ngo-30% kwesilinganiso sezinhlobo ezijwayelekile. Izinga eliphezulu le-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸, L-chá ānjīsuān) liletha ubumnandi obusobala kanye nokuthambile kokunambitheka, kanye nomphumela ohambisanayo wokuthi “ukukhuthala nokuthula” ngenhlanganisela ye-caffeine.
Ama-alkaloid: I-Caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēi jiǎn) — 2.5–4% wesisindo esomile, okuyizinga eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa netiye eliluhlaza. Kwenye inqwaba yamabheji, izinga le-caffeine lingaphansi kuka-1%, okuletha amathuba okukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ene-caffeine ephansi. I-Theobromine ne-theophylline zikhona ngamazinga aphansi kakhulu.
Amanzi ancibilikisayo (水浸出物, shuǐ jìnchūwù): Okungenani 36%, okuqinisekisa ubuningi nokuminyana kokungena.
Amavithamini: I-Vitamini C (i-ascorbic acid), amavithamini eqembu B (B₁, B₂), i-vitamini E (ama-tocopherol).
Amaminerali: Inhlabathi yase-Wǔfēng inothiswe nge-zinc (Zn) ne-selenium (Se), edlulela eqabungeni futhi inqume iphrofayili ekhethekile yamaminerali yetiye.
Amafutha abalulekile: Ingxubevange yephunga lemvelo yakhiwa ikakhulukazi yi-linalool, i-geraniol, nama-pyrazine (lawo okugcina anesandla ekunambithekeni kwe-castnut-ne-nut, okuyinto ejwayelekile ematiyeni aluhlaza athosiweyo).

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Ukuvikela ama-antioxidant: Izinga eliphezulu lama-catechin, ikakhulukazi i-EGCG, lisiza ekunciphiseni ama-radical mahhala futhi kunciphise ukuguga kwamangqamuzana.
Ukuqinisa okuthambile: I-caffeine ephakathi nendawo ngenhlanganisela nezinga eliphezulu le-L-theanine kuhlinzeka ngokukhuthala ngaphandle kwesiyaluyalu — umphumela “wokugxila okuthulile,” obalulekile emsebenzini wengqondo.
Ukusekela inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-catechin nama-flavonoid asiza ekwehliseni izinga le-“cholesterol embi” (LDL) nokugcina ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi.
Usizo ekugayeni ukudla: Ama-polyphenol kanye nokubaba okulingene kuvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwejusi yesisu; itiye lihamba kahle nokudla okulula nokuphakathi.
Ukunikezwa kwamaminerali: I-zinc ne-selenium ezingokwemvelo ezivela enhlabathini yezintaba — amaminerali abalulekile emasosha omzimba nohlelo lwe-antioxidant lomzimba.
**Ukuqabula umlomo: Ama-catechin anomphumela wokulwa namagciwane, esiza ekugcineni impilo yezinsini kanye nephunga elimnandi lomoya.
Ukusekela ingqondo: I-L-theanine yandisa umsebenzi wamaza e-alpha ebuchosheni, ikhuthaza ukunaka okuphumuzile nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwememori yokusebenza.
Okungavunyelwe: Abantu abanokuzwela okukhulu ku-caffeine kufanele banciphise ukuyidla, ikakhulukazi ntambama. Akunconywa ukuphuza itiye eliqinile ngesisu esingenalutho.

9. Ukuphuza:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C. Ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezithambile kakhulu (izinga elikhethekile nelokuqala) — 75–80 °C. Amanzi abilayo azolimaza ama-amino acid futhi anikeze ukungena ukubaba okungafuneki.
Inani letiyo: 3 g ku-150 ml (ingilazi) noma 5 g ku-200–250 ml. Ukuze kuhlanzululwe e-gaiwan — 3–4 g ku-100–120 ml.
Izitsha: Ingilazi yengilazi (玻璃杯, bōlí bēi) — ivumela ukubona ukuqhakaza kweqabunga nokuhamba kwezinhlayiya zoboya ekungeneni. I-Gaiwan yobumba (盖碗, gàiwǎn) — yokulawula kangcono ukuphuza okuningi. Iketela lobumba — kwimithamo emikhulu.
Inqubo:
1. Shisisa izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, uwakhiphe.
2. Thela itiye. Engilazini yengilazi, ungasebenzisa indlela “yokuthelela okuphakathi” (中投法, zhōngtóu fǎ): thela amanzi engxenyeni yesithathu, engeza itiye, bese uqedela ukuthelela.
3. Thela amanzi anezinga lokushisa elifanele eceleni komkhumbi ngomfudlana othambile, ungashisi iqabunga ngomfudlana oqondile.
4. Ukungena kokuqala — imizuzu engu-1.5–2 (ingilazi) noma imizuzwana engu-30–45 (gaiwan).
5. Nisela ezitsheni.
6. Ukuphinda ukuphuza: ukuphuza okuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-3–5. Ukuthululwa okulandelayo kufanele kwandiswe ngemizuzwana engu-10–15. Uma uyokumisa engilazini — shiya ingxenye yesithathu yokungena ngaphambi kokuthelela, ukuze ugcine ukunambitheka kuzinzile.

10. Ukugcinwa:

I-Wǔfēng Máo Jiān, njengamatiye amaningi aluhlaza, ithambile futhi inephunga elimnandi kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisi-6–12 zokuqala ngemva kokukhiqizwa.
Yigcine esitsheni esivalekile, esingabonakali — okungcono kakhulu kusemaphaketheni e-foil angenawo umoya noma emathinini anesembozo esiqinile.
Izinga lokushisa elifanele — 0–5 °C (efrijini). Uma igcinwa efrijini, ukuvalwa okuqinile kubalulekile: itiye limunca kalula amaphunga angaphandle.
Gwema ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni okuqondile, umswakama, nokushintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa.
Ngaphambi kokuvula iphakethe, uma likhishwe efrijini, likuyeke lifudumale lize lifike ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni (imizuzu engu-15–20), ukuvimbela ukujiya komswakama eqabungeni.

11. Intengo Nokungelona Iqiniso:

I-Wǔfēng Máo Jiān ithatha indawo yetiye lesifunda elisezingeni elifanele ngenani elithe xaxa lwenani nezindleko — livumela kakhulu ukufinyeleleka kunomlingani walo odume kakhulu, i-Xinyang Máo Jiān (信阳毛尖), ngenkathi ukunambitheka kufana, ngezinye izikhathi kudlula ukuminyana kokunambitheka.

Izintengo eziphawulekayo (ngo-500 g / jin):

Izinga elikhethekile (特级): 800–1 100 RMB.
Izinga lokuqala (一级): 480–700 RMB.
Izinga lesibili (二级): 250–400 RMB.
Izinga lesithathu (三级): 120–200 RMB.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukungabi yiqiniso:
Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile abavela endaweni yase-Wǔfēng County noma ezitolo ezigunyaziwe (inkampani “Caihua Tea” inezitolo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ezivelele ezweni lonke).
Hlaziya ukubukeka: I-Wǔfēng Máo Jiān yangempela — amaqabunga amancanyana, alinganayo, aqondile anoboya obumhlophe obubonakalayo; amaqabunga amahhadlahhadla, angalingani, noma abuthakathaka — kuyisizathu sokusola.
Hlola iphunga: Iphunga le-castnut langempela — liqinile, lihlanzekile, ngaphandle kwemisindo ecijile noma “yamakhemikhali.” Ukungeniswa kokuphunga kokuzenzisa kudala iphunga elihlabayo, elisheshe linyamalale.
Zama ukungena: Itiye langempela linikeza ukungena okucacile nokukhanyayo okuluhlaza okukhanyayo futhi likwazi ukumelana nokuphuza okugcwele okuphindwe kasihlanu. Okuzenzisa kuncipha ngokushesha emva kokuphuza okuphindwe kanye noma kabili.
Naka intengo: Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo (engaphansi kuka-100 RMB nge-jin “yezinga elikhethekile”) cishe ibonisa ukushintshwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezivela kwezinye izifunda noma itiye elidala, lonyaka owedlule.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Encwadini ka-Lù Yǔ “I-Classic YeTiee,” itiye lase-Xiázhōu (elalihlanganisa ne-Wǔfēng) libekwe endaweni yokuqala phakathi kwawo wonke amatiye esifunda sase-Shānnán — kusukela ngekhulu lesi-8, laliyitiye “lokuqala” lesifunda.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-jin eyodwa (500 g) yomkhiqizo ophakeme “Caihua Bixuan” (采花·碧玺) kudinga cishe ama-60 000 amacembe etiye ahlukene, aqoqwe ngesandla ezihlahlini ezineminyaka eyikhulu ubudala.
I-Wǔfēng yaba yisifunda sesithupha e-China lapho kubalwa khona uhlu lwayo “lwenkomba yetiye” (茶叶指数, cháyè zhǐshù) — okuyisilinganiso sokuguquguquka kwezintengo kanye nobukhulu bemakethe, okubonisa ukubaluleka kwetiye lendawo ezingeni likazwelonke.
Umzila wasendulo wetiye wase-Wǔfēng onamabhuloho amatshe, imibhalo eqoshwe emadwaleni, nezindawo zokuhlala zezihambi, uyingxenye ye-“Mkhondo Omkhulu WeTiye” wezwekazi lonke (万里茶道), lapho itiye lalithunyelwa lisuka e-Hubei nge-Hankou liya eRussia naseYurophu.
Iphunga le-castnut (栗香) — uphawu lwesazisi se-Wǔfēng — lakhiwa ngenhlanganisela yezinto ezintathu: izinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo zendawo, inhlabathi ecebile nge-selenium, nokugcizelela ekuthoseni (hhayi ekuhwamukiseni) ngesikhathi sokuqandiswa. Imizamo yokwenza kabusha lesi simo kwezinye izifunda ngokuvamile inikeza umphumela osondelene kuphela.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza esigaba se-“Máo Jiān”:

I-Xinyang Máo Jiān (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máo Jiān): Enye “Yamatiye Ayishumi Adumile E-China,” evela esifundazweni sase-Henan. Ukungena kulula futhi kuhle kakhulu, iphunga — liphakeme, linengxubevange yezimbali nezitshalo, ngaphandle kwephunga le-castnut elisobala. Ukunambitheka okusemva kuhlala isikhathi eside, kepha umzimba wokungena mncane. I-Wǔfēng Máo Jiān inombimba omninzi, “inomzimba” futhi ivumela kakhulu ngenani.
I-Duyun Máo Jiān (都匀毛尖, Dūyún Máo Jiān): Itiye elidumile elivela esifundazweni sase-Guizhou. Lihlukaniswa ngoboya obumhlophe obuyisici kanye nephunga elithambile, elibucayi lezitshalo ezintsha nobumnandi obuncane. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Wǔfēng — linothile kancane, linomzimba “onjengomoya” kakhudlwana.
I-Guizhou Lǜ Zhū (贵州绿珠, Guìzhōu Lǜ Zhū): Nayo ivela e-Guizhou, isongwe yaba amabhola. Isimo esihluke ngokuphelele nokunikezwa: i-Wǔfēng — iqondile futhi injengenjongo, i-Lǜ Zhū — iyindilinga futhi ihlangene. Ngokwephunga, i-Wǔfēng inomuzwa we-castnut, i-Lǜ Zhū — inezimbali.
I-Changle Máo Jiān (长乐毛尖, Chánglè Máo Jiān): Empeleni “ingane encane” — ikhiqizwa esifundeni sase-Wǔfēng (isigodi sase-Changleping). Isondelene kakhulu ngesimo, kodwa ngokuvamile incane ngokunambitheka futhi ithengeka ngokwengeziwe. Womabili amatiyeayingxenye yophawu olulodwa lwe-“Yichang Máo Jiān.”

Ekuphetheni:

I-Wǔfēng Máo Jiān — itiye elizalwe ezintabeni, lapho amafu ehlala ngaphansi kwamasimu etiye, kanti izihlahla zetiye zisakhumbula izikhathi zika-Lù Yǔ. Amandla alo ayinhloko — iphunga le-castnut, elicinene futhi elifudumele, njengokukhanya komlilo ebusuku obupholile bentwasahlobo, kanye nokungena okuqinile, okuqhubekayo, okungakhathali ukumangalisa ngokuphuza okuphindaphindiwe. Lokhu kuyindlela yalabo abazazisayo etiyeni eliluhlaza hhayi kuphela ubusha nokulula, kepha futhi nobunjalo — ubumnandi obunomsoco, ukujula kwamaminerali kwe-terroir yezintaba, kanye nenhlonipho ethule yetiye osekungamakhulu eminyaka lihlala emthunzini womakhelwane balo abadume kakhulu, lingabancisiyo nhlobo ngokuqukethwe.