Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo · new.thetea.app

I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo yitiye eliluhlaza elinokhokho wasendulo, elikhula emithambekeni yentaba iTiānzhù (天柱山, Tiānzhù shān) — “Insika Yasezulwini,” enye yezintaba ezidume kakhulu e-Anhui. Itiye lale ndawo lalidunyiswa uLù Yǔ (陆羽), uLǐ Bái (李白), noShěn Kuò (沈括); lalahleka amakhulu ambalwa eminyaka, laphinde lenziwa kabusha ngo-1985 ngokuhlanganyela kwesazi sezela esivelele uChén Chuán (陈椽, Chén Chuán) futhi ngokushesha lazuza isiqu sokuba ngelinye “lamatiye ayishumi amasha adumile aseShayina.” Isimo secezu lezela eliyisicaba, elifana nenkemba, uboya obumhlophe obuminyene nephunga elimnandi le-orchid kuyenza ibe umhlobiso wesikole setiye sase-Anhui.

1. Klasifikashini kanye Nomdabu:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavuthiwe). Indlela eyinhloko yokumisa ukuxutshwa — ukugazinga epanini (炒青, chǎoqīng); isigaba sokugcina — ukomiswa ngeziko (烘干, hōnggān). Kuyingxenye yohlobo “lwamatiye aluhlaza agazingiwe futhi omisiwe ngeziko” (炒烘结合型绿茶), okuwuhlukanisa namatiye agazingiwe kuphela (njenge-Lóng Jǐng) noma omisiwe ngeziko kuphela (njenge-Huángshān Máo Fēng).
Isigaba: Itiye elisha elidumile laseShayina (中国新名茶, Zhōngguó xīn míngchá) — kusukela ngo-1985. Itiye lesifunda elinemvelaphi evikelwe; uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda (区域公用品牌) lwedolobha i-Qiánshān.
Imvelaphi: IShayina, isifundazwe i-Anhui (安徽, Ānhuī), idolobha i-Ānqìng (安庆, Ānqìng), umasipala waseQiánshān (潜山市, Qiánshān shì). Likhiqizwa ezintabeni zeTiānzhùshān nasezindaweni ezizungezile — amadolobhana i-Shuǐhǒu (水吼镇, Shuǐhǒu zhèn), i-Tiānzhùshān (天柱山镇) kanye namanye amaningi. Igama lasendulo lalesi sifunda — Shūzhōu (舒州, Shūzhōu).
Izixhumanisi zokuma: Cishe 30.73° N, 116.57° E (isikhungo sedolobha i-Qiánshān). Isiqongo esiyinhloko se-Tiānzhù — 30°43′ N, 116°27′ E, ukuphakama 1 489.8 m.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Umlando wetiye lentaba i-Tiānzhù uneminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Kakade encwadini ethi “I-Canon Yezela” (《茶经》, Chá Jīng) kaLù Yǔ (陆羽, Lù Yǔ), eyabhalwa ngenkathi yoBukhosi bama-Tang (唐, ngawo-760), itiye laseXiázhōu (峡州) naseShūzhōu (舒州) kukhulunywa ngalo phakathi kwamatiye amahle kakhulu. Esihlokweni esimayelana nezela sangoBukhosi bama-Tang esithi “Amarekhodi Esisebenzi Sasekhishini” (《膳夫经手录》, Shànfū jīngshǒu lù) kuthiwa: “Shūzhōu, itiye lase-Tiānzhù, — linamandla futhi liyashesha, limnandi futhi linephunga elimnandi, liyajabulisa (醇美).” Inganekwane ithi undunankulu wokuqala wangoBukhosi bama-Tang u-Lǐ Déyù (李德裕, Lǐ Déyù), umthandi wetiye owaziwayo, wayecela ngokukhethekile umngane wakhe waseShūzhōu ukuthi amthumelele “i-Tiānzhù Fēng Chá” (天柱峰茶). Encwadini ethi “Amanothi Asemfuleni Wamaphupho” (《梦溪笔谈》, Mèngxī Bǐtán) kaShěn Kuò (沈括, Shěn Kuò) wangoBukhosi bama-Song (宋) kuphawulwa: “Abasendulo, lapho bekhuluma ngezela, babebala kuphela i-Yángxiàn, i-Gùzhǔ, i-Tiānzhù ne-Méngdǐng” — ngaleyo ndlela babeka i-Tiānzhù Chá ezingeni elifanayo namanye amatiye amathathu amahle. Encwadini yomlando wesifunda i-Qiánshān (《潜山县志》, Qiánshān xiànzhì) kulotshiwe: “I-tiye lasentabeni linephunga elimnandi ngokwalo kangangoba alidingi kunukiswa nganoma iyiphi enye indlela; livunwa ngesikhathi se-Gǔyǔ, futhi alinganiswa ne-Lóngtuán ne-Quèshé.” Nokho, emva kwenkathi yama-Tang nama-Song i-Tiānzhù Chá yanyamalala kancane kancane endaweni yezela — ngenxa yezizathu ezingakacaci.

Ukuvuselelwa kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngo-1978 iqembu lochwepheshe lomnyango wezolimo wesifunda i-Qiánshān laqala umsebenzi wokuvuselela itiye elidumile. Ekuqaleni umkhiqizo wabizwa ngo “Qífēng” (奇峰, Qífēng — “Isiqongo Esimangalisayo”), kususelwa emgqeni wenkondlo kaLǐ Bái (李白, Lǐ Bái): “Iziqongo ezimangalisayo zizala amafu amangalisayo” (奇峰出奇云). Igama labe selishintsha laba “Qíngxuě” (晴雪, Qíngxuě — “Iqhwa elicwathile”), elalikhomba uboya obumhlophe obuminyene ebusweni bezingcezu zezela kanye nesimo esidumile esibizwa ngo “Tiyanzhu Qíngxuě” (天柱晴雪, “Iqhwa elicwathile eTiānzhù”). Ekugcineni, ngo-1985, ngokunconywa yisazi sezela esivelele, uprofesa waseSikhungweni Sezolimo sase-Anhui uChén Chuán (陈椽, Chén Chuán, 1908–1999), owahamba mathupha waya epulazini lezela laseXiàhé (下河茶场, Xiàhé cháchǎng) ukuze aqondise ukukhiqizwa, itiye lathola igama lokugcina elithi “Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo” — “Insika Yasezulwini: inkemba noboya.” UChén Chuán waphakamisa ukwengezwa kwezindlela zokubumba ezithi “dā” (搭 — “ukubeka phezu”) kanye “tíháo” (提毫 — “ukukhipha uboya”) futhi wagcizelela ekomiseni ngezigaba ezintathu. NgoMeyi 1985 emqhudelwaneni wokuqala kazwelonke wamatiye adumile eNanjing, i-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo yathatha indawo yokuqala phakathi “kwamatiye ayishumi amasha adumile aseShayina” (全国十大新名茶). Iqembu labasunguli lalakhiwe abantu abane: u-Gě Zǐzhèng (葛子政), u-Sòng Hǎikuān (宋海宽), u-Wāng Dūnlái (汪顿来) no-Lǐ Xiànglì (李向利) — ababili ababengochwepheshe bezolimo abanolwazi kanye nababili ababesanda kuthweswa iziqu emnyangweni wezela e-Anhui Agricultural Institute.

Namuhla idolobha i-Qiánshān linamapulazi etiye angu-120 000 mu (~8 000 ha) ngokukhiqizwa konyaka okulinganiselwa kumathani angu-3 500 kanye nenani eliphelele lemboni yezela elingangezigidi ezingama-650 zama-yuan. “I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo” wuphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda kanye nophawu lokuhlonza lwe-Qiánshān.

Igama: Tiānzhù (天柱, Tiānzhù) — “Insika Yasezulwini”: igama lentaba, isiqongo sayo esiyinhloko “sifana nensika esekela isibhakabhaka.” Jiàn (剑, jiàn) — “inkemba”: ucezu lwezela luyisicaba, luqondile futhi lusongolwe, kufana neblade yenkemba, kanti isimo sikhuthazwa yisithombe se-Sūnzǐ Fēng (笋子峰) — “Ihlumela Lomsenge,” esinye seziqongo ze-Tiānzhùshān. Háo (毫, háo) — “uboya”: uboya obumhlophe obuminyene obumboza ubuso bocezu lwezela. Igama eliphelele lithi: “Inkemba noboya obuvela Ensikeni Yasezulwini.”
Ukubaluleka Kwamasiko: Intaba i-Tiānzhù ingenye yezindawo ezingcwele zesiko lamaShayina. Ngenkathi yobukhosi bama-Han yayiyiNyakatho-mpumalanga Engcwele (南岳, Nányuè) — lesi sihloko sasheshe sadluliselwa entabeni i-Héngshān e-Hunan. Umbusi wama-Han u-Wǔdì (汉武帝, Hàn Wǔdì) ngo-106 B.C.E. wakhuphuka mathupha futhi wenza umhlatshelo e-Tiānzhù. Abalandeli bakaDao babeyibiza ngokuthi “Umgede Weshumi Nane Womusa” (第十四洞天, dì shísì dòngtiān). U-Lǐ Bái (李白) wabhala: “Iziqongo ezimangalisayo zizala amafu amangalisayo, izihlahla ezinhle zifihla umoya omuhle, intaba i-Wǎn-gōng inokuthula, imi ngokwesabekayo, yenza abantu bajabule.” Idolobha i-Qiánshān (igama lasendulo — Wǎn, 皖) lanikeza igama kuso sonke isifundazwe: “Ānhuī” ifushaniswa ngo—“Wǎn” (皖), futhi leli gama libuyela emuva embusweni wasendulo i-Wǎn, inhloko-dolobha yawo eyayisendaweni yalapha. Ngo-2011 i-Tiānzhùshān yathola isimo se-UNESCO Global Geopark. Itiye “i-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo,” ngaleyo ndlela, lihambisa umlayezo wamasiko onezendlalelo eziningi: kusukela emihlatshelweni yasendulo nezinkondlo zama-Tang kuze kufinyelele esayensini yesimanje yezele.

3. Incazelo Yesayensi Yezitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:

Uhlobo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Uhlobo / Imbewu: Izinhlobo zendawo ezitholakala emphakathini (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng) — amahlumela ahlukahlukene ngokwezakhi zofuzo, ajwayele izimo zezintaba zase-Tiānzhùshān emakhulwini eminyaka. Izihlahla ziphakathi ngobude, zinamacembe aminyene futhi zinekhabhinethi ebonakalayo emahlumelayo.
Ukuvuna: Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo: isiqalo — Qīngmíng (清明, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli), isikhathi esiyinhloko — Gǔyǔ (谷雨, ~20 Ephreli). Isikhathi sonyaka wokuvuna sinomkhawulo: indawo ephakeme kanye nesimo sezulu esipholile kubambezela ukumila.
Izinga lokuvuna: Ihlume elilodwa necebe elilodwa (一芽一叶, yī yá yī yè), ubude behlumela bungu-3–3.5 cm. Emaqoqweni amaningi kuvunyelwa ihlume elilodwa namacebe amabili. Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngezandla kuphela.
Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza: Ihlume kumele liphelele, licwebile, lingenalukhuni olubangelwe yizixhobo. Uboya obumhlophe ehlumeni — kuwuphawu olubalulekile lwempahla eluhlaza esezingeni.

4. Indawo Nokutshalwa Kwayo:

Intaba i-Tiānzhù iyindlela eqhubekela empumalanga yochungechunge lwezintaba i-Dàbiéshān (大别山, Dàbiéshān), etholakala lapho kuhlangana khona izintaba namathafa e-Anhui. Le ndawo iphawuleka ngokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo ngokuya ngokuphakama.

Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Amapulazi amakhulu — ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-500 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, endaweni enala mafu nezinkungu njalo. Isiqongo esiyinhloko — singu-1 489.8 m. Amafu — afinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-180 ngonyaka.
Isimo sezulu: I-monsoon yesigodi esishisayo esiphakathi. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi — cishe 16.3 °C (ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo) kanye ~9.5 °C esiqongweni. Izinga lemvula lonyaka eliphakathi — ngaphezu kwama-1,900 mm. Isikhathi esingenasithwathwa — singama-235 wezinsuku. Ukumbozwa kwamahlathi — kungama-97–98 %, kanti igesi ye-ion engalungile emoyeni — iphindwe kathathu kunezinga eliphezulu kunawo wonke likazwelonke (Izinga I). Lesi sifunda sibizwa ngokuthi “amaphaphu aluhlaza aseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Wǎn” (皖西南绿肺).
Umhlabathi: Umhlabathi ophuzi wasezintabeni kanye nomhlabathi onsundu wehlathi phezu kwesisekelo se-granite. I-acidic (pH 4.5–5.5), ikhipha amanzi kahle, inezakhamuzi eziningi eziphilayo namaminerali. Ubungqabavu bokwakheka kwe-geological kwe-Tiānzhùshān — indawo enkuna kunayo yonke emhlabeni eveza indawo ye-metamorphic enobunzima obukhulu — bunikeza iphrofayili yamaminerali ethize yomhlabathi.
Ubuxhakaxhaka bezolimo: Amapulazi atholakala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, emathafeni asemvelweni nasemapulazini asezindaweni ezisezingeni. Akudingeki ukufiphazwa okungeyemvelo — lokhu kunikezwa amafu nehlathi elizungezile. Ukuphatha ngokwemvelo: ukungabikho kwezivundisi zamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane ezindaweni ezinhle kakhulu. Idolobha i-Qiánshān linesimo esithi “ngonyaka ka-2022 — indawo yokuthuthukiswa okukhulu kwemboni yetiye” kanye “nendawo yokukhiqizwa kwezela okuyisihluthulelo,” esinikezwe yi-China Tea Circulation Association.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe obuthi “ukugazinga + ukwomisa ngeziko” (炒烘结合), obasungulwa ngo-1978–1985 futhi bathuthukiswa ngegalelo likaProfesa Chén Chuán. Izimpawu ezibalulekile: isimo esiyisicaba esifana nenkemba, uboya obumhlophe obuningi kanye nokomiswa ngezigaba ezintathu.

Ukunwetshwa / ukuvutshelwa okuncane (摊青 — tānqīng): Icebe elisha linwetshwa libe ungqimba oluncane endaweni epholile, enomoya omuhle ukuze kulinganiswe umswakama futhi kwaqalwe ukwakheka kwephunga.
Ukumisa ukuluhlaza (杀青 — shāqīng): Ukugazinga epanini ngezinga lokushisa elingu-160–130 °C (izinga lokushisa lokuqala liphezulu, lehla kancane kancane). Isisindo — ~250 g epanini ngalinye. Ekuqaleni — ukughugqula okunamandla (抖炒, dǒuchǎo) ukuze kufudunyalwe ngokulinganayo; lapho kuvela iphunga elicwengileyo, kuqala ukwelulwa (理条, lǐtiáo). Isikhathi — imizuzu emi-6–8.
Ukubumba / ukudala “inkemba” (做形 — zuòxíng): Isigaba esiwuphawu olukhulu. Icebe libunjwa laba ucezu lwezela oluyisicaba, oluqondile, olukhanyisiwe, kufana neblade yenkemba. Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezithi: ukwelula, ukughugqula, ukugingqa, ukucindezela (理、抖、翻、捺), kanye nokuthi “dā” (搭 — “ukubeka phezu”), okwanconywa nguChén Chuán. Izinga lokushisa lepani lizinzile ku ~50 °C. Isikhathi — cishe imizuzu eyi-15.
Ukukhipha uboya (提毫 — tíháo): Lapho isimo socezu lwezela sesigxilisiwe, itiye lithathwa lisezintendeni bese likhuhlikwa ngobumnene, ngokulinganayo, ukuze uboya obumhlophe buhlukane nobuso becebe futhi bubonakale. Lokhu kunika itiye isimo salo esiyisipesheli “nesineqhwa.” Inqubo iyaqhubeka kuze kufinyelelwe ekomiseni okungu~80%, ngemva kwalokho itiye libekwa ukuze liphole imizuzu engama-~30.
Ukomisa (烘焙 — hōngbèi): Okunezigaba ezintathu, ngokunconywa nguChén Chuán:
1. Ukomisa kokuqala (初烘, chūhōng): ~80 °C, imizuzu emi-5–10. Umthamo — izilinganiso ezimbili zokumisa ukuluhlaza kubhasikidi owodwa.
2. Ukomisa kwesibili (复烘, fùhōng): ~70 °C, imizuzu engu-10–15. Obhasikidi ababili bokuqala komisa bahlanganiswa babe munye.
3. Ukomisa kokugcina (足烘, zúhōng): ~50 °C, imizuzu engu-60–90, kuze kome ngokuphelele. Umthamo — obhasikidi ababili bokomisa kwesibili.
Ukuhlunga nokupakisha (拣剔整形 — jiǎntī zhěngxíng): Ukususwa kweziqu, izingcezu, izingcezu zezela ezingejwayelekile. Ukupakishwa okuvalwe ngci.

6. Izimpawu Zesimo (Ukunambitha, Ukuhogela, Ukubona):

Isimo sangaphandle secebe elomile: Izingcezu zezela eziyisicaba, eziqondile, ezikhaliphile, ezifana nezinkemba ezincane (扁平挺直似剑, biǎnpíng tǐngzhí sì jiàn). Umbala — uluhlaza okhanyayo, ulinganayo (色翠匀齐, sè cuì yúnqí). Uboya obumhlophe obuningi (毫显, háo xiǎn) bumboza ubuso, bunikeza umbala oyisiliva.
Iphunga lecebe elomile: Liphezulu, lihlanzekile, linenothi elibonakalayo lezimbali — ukunyenyeza kwe-orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng), okuwuphawu lwamatiye asezintabeni zase-Anhui. Ingemuva — elisha, eliluhlaza, ngaphandle kwamathoni “aluhlaza anamanzi” noma asotshani.
Iphunga lamanzi etiye: Elihle, elihlala isikhathi eside (花香清雅持久, huāxiāng qīngyǎ chíjiǔ). Inothi le-orchid livuleka kakhudlwana, lihambisana nokunambitheka okuncane nomuzwa wobusha bentaba.
Ukunambitheka: Kunambithekile, kugcwele umzimba (醇厚, chúnhòu), nokunambitheka okubuyayo okunoshukela (回甜, huítián). Isiphu sokuqala — siminyene, “sinesisindo” emlonyeni (入口浓醇, rùkǒu nóngchún); ukudlula emphinjeni — kuyapholisa (过喉鲜爽, guòhóu xiānshuǎng); ukunambitheka okulandelayo — kuhlezi isikhathi eside, ngephunga elisele kanye nobumnandi (口留余香、回味甘甜).
Umbala wamanzi etiye: Uluhlaza okhanyayo, okhanyayo, nokukhanya okuncane okuluhlaza okhanyayo (碧绿明亮, bìlǜ míngliàng).
Indawo yetiye (icebe eligxumiwe): Ilinganayo, iluhlaza emincane, imnandi (匀整嫩鲜, yúnzhěng nèn xiān). Amacebe aphelele, anwebekayo, nehlume elibonakala kahle.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚): Okuqukethwe okuphakathi — okuwuphawu lwamatiye aluhlaza asezindaweni eziphakeme anomthamo ophakeme wama-amino acid. Ama-Catechin (EGCG, ECG, EC) ahlinzeka ngemisebenzi ye-antioxidant kanye nokubaba okuncane, okulinganiselwe ubumnandi.
Ama-Amino Acid (氨基酸): Okuqukethwe okuphakeme — umphumela wokuba sendaweni ephakeme (500+ m), amafu avamisile kanye nokukhanya okuhlakazekile. I-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸) — iyona amino acid eyisihluthulelo, enquma ubumnene, ubumnandi kanye nomthelela wokunambitheka okufana “nokunambitheka okuhle.”
Izinto Ezikhiphekayo Emanzini (水浸出物): Okungenani 36%, okunikeza ukunambitheka okugcwele kanye “nokujiya” kwamanzi etiye.
Ama-Alkaloid: I-Caffeine (咖啡碱) — 2.5–3.5% wesisindo esomile. I-Theobromine ne-theophylline — ngamanani amancane.
Amavithamini: Uvithamini C (i-ascorbic acid) — okuqukethwe okuphakeme, okuwuphawu lwamatiye aluhlaza. Amavithamini eqembu B (B₁, B₂), uvithamini E.
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-zinc, i-manganese. Iphrofayili yamaminerali inqunywa isisekelo se-granite yentaba i-Tiānzhù.
Amafutha Abalulekile: Kuphawuleka kakhulu i-linalool (inothi lezimbali-orchid); kukhona i-geraniol, i-nerolidol, i-cis-3-hexenol.
Isici Esikhethekile: Isilinganiso esiphezulu sama-amino acid kuma-polyphenol (i-amino acid-polyphenol index) sinquma ubumnene, ubumnandi, isimo “esibushelelezi” sokunambitheka, okuvamile kumatiye aluhlaza amahle kakhulu asezintabeni.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Ukuvikela Okungagugiyo: Ama-Catechin (EGCG) nama-flavonoid asusa imizimba yama-radical amahhala, ebambezela ukuguga kwamaseli futhi ehlisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative.
Ukukhuthaza Okuncane Nokugxilisa Ingqondo: I-Caffeine ihlanganiswe nezinga eliphezulu le-L-theanine inikeza umthelela “wokudla ngokuthula” — ukwandisa ukunaka ngaphandle kwemizwa yokukhathazeka.
Ukusekelwa Kwesistimu Yenhliziyo Nemithambo Yegazi: Ama-Catechin asiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-LDL-cholesterol, ekusekeleni ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nokwenza umfutho wegazi ube sezingeni.
Ukusiza Ukugaya: Ama-Polyphenol akhuthaza ama-enzyme okugaya; ukubaba okuphakathi kuqalisa ukukhishwa kwe-asidi yesisu.
Ukusekelwa Kokuqonda: I-L-theanine inyusa umsebenzi wamaza e-alpha ebuchosheni, isiza ukunaka okuphumule nokuthuthukisa inkumbulo yokusebenza.
Umthelela We-Antibacterial: Ama-Catechin avimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane athile angumshayabhuqe emlonyeni, esiza ukusekela impilo yezinsini kanye nokuphefumula okuhle.
Umthelela Wokwehlisa Ukushisa Nokususa Ubuthi (清热解毒): Emithini yesintu yaseShayina, itiye eliluhlaza elivela ezindaweni ezisezintabeni lithathwa njengekhambi elisebenzayo “lokupholisa” umzimba.
Iziqapheli: Abantu abazwela kakhulu ku-caffeine — banciphise ukuphuza emva kwemini. Akunconywa ukugxuma ngamandla ngesisu esingenalutho. Abesifazane abakhulelwe — ukuphuza okulinganiselwe.

9. Ukugxuma (Ukupheka):

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C. Emaqoqweni athambile kakhulu (一芽一叶初展) — 75–80 °C.
Inani lezela: 3 g ku-150 ml (ingilazi) noma 3–4 g ku-100–120 ml (i-gaiwan).
Izitsha: Ingilazi engakacwengi (玻璃杯) — ihamba phambili ngokubukela “umdanso wezinkemba”: izingcezu zezela eziyisicaba zicwila emanzini kancane, zivuleke futhi zibonise umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo noboya obumhlophe. I-gaiwan yobumba (盖碗) — ukuze kugxunjulwe okulawulekayo ngezigaba eziningi.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, uwachithe.
2. Faka itiye engilazini noma ku-gaiwan.
3. Thela amanzi anezinga lokushisa elifanele cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zomthamo, unyakazise kancane ukuze uvuse iphunga (润茶, rùnchá), linda imizuzwana engu-15–20.
4. Gcwalisa amanzi aze afinyelele ku-70–80% womthamo ngomsele othambile ngasodongeni.
5. Ukugxuma kokuqala — imizuzu eyi-1.5–2 (ingilazi) noma imizuzwana engu-30–45 (i-gaiwan).
6. Ukugxuma okuphindiwe: ukuphindaphinda okungu-3–5. Ukugxuma ngakunye okulandelayo — kwenezela ngemizuzwana engu-10–15. Lapho ugxuma engilazini — shiya ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamanzi etiye ngaphambi kokugcwalisa.

10. Ukugcinwa:

I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo, njengezela eliluhlaza lasezintabeni eziphakeme, linambitheka kakhulu futhi linephunga elihle ezinyangeni eziyisi-6–12 zokuqala emva kokukhiqizwa.
Kufanele ligcinwe esitsheni esivaleke ngci, esingabonakali — ezikhwameni ezine-foil ezifakwe i-vacuum noma emathinini ensimbi.
Izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu — 0–5 °C (efrijini) ngokuvaleka okuphelele, okungavumeli ukuthintana namanye amaphunga.
Kufanele likhuseleke ekukhanyeni okuqondile, umswakama kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.
Ngaphambi kokuvula isikhwama esibandisiwe — sivumele sifudumale sifinyelele ezingeni lokushisa legumbi (imizuzu engu-15–20).

11. Intengo kanye Nemikhuhliso:

I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo itiye elinobuwena obugqamile besifunda, kodwa elaziwa kangako ezweni lonke, okuyenza ifinyeleleke kakhudlwana kunabamelwane bayo abadumile base-Anhui (i-Huángshān Máo Fēng, i-Tàipíng Hóu Kuí, i-Liù’ān Guā Piàn). Intengo iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinga, isizini kanye nomkhiqizi.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhohlisa:
Thenga kubakhiqizi abaqinisekisiwe baseQianshan noma ezindaweni zokuthengisa ezigunyaziwe zophawu “lwe-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo.”
Qaphela isimo: i-Jiàn Háo yangempela — iyisicaba ngokuphelele, iqondile, ikhaliphile, inoboya obumhlophe obuningi. Uma izingcezu zezela zisontiwe, zigobile noma uboya bengekho — akusiyona i-Jiàn Háo.
Hlola iphunga: itiye langempela linephunga elihlanzekile, elihlala isikhathi eside lezimbali-orchid. Iphunga elinamandla, “elinekhemikhali” noma elisheshe lishabalale — kuwuphawu lokukhohlisa.
Hlola amanzi etiye achazwayo: kufanele abe luhlaza okhanyayo, acwebile, abe nokunambitheka okugcwele nokunambitheka okuhle okuhlala isikhathi eside.
Qaphela intengo ephansi kakhulu: ngokuvuna ngesandla kwehlume elilodwa necebe elilodwa nokugaywa okuyinkimbinkimbi okunezigaba eziningi, izindleko azikwazi ukuba zincane ngokwehaba.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo ingelinye lamatiye ambalwa, umlando wawo wakamuva wokusungulwa ulotshiwe ngemininingwane emihle kakhulu: amagama abo bonke abasunguli abane, izinsuku, umzila — abane babehamba ngamabhayisikili beya epulazini, — kanye namazwi kaProfesa Chén Chuán emqhudelwaneni eNanjing: “Leli tiye — ngiqondise mathupha ukwenziwa kwalo.”
Ukuthungatha igama elihle kathathu kwathatha iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili: “Qífēng” → “Qíngxuě” → “Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo.” Ingxenye ngayinye yayikhombisa izindlela ezahlukene — isiqongo, iqhwa, inkemba — kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukulingana okuphelele phakathi kwesimo (inkemba) nobukhulu (uboya).
Intaba i-Tiānzhù ukuphela kwendawo emhlabeni lapho indawo enkulu kunazo zonke eveza indawo ye-metamorphic enobunzima obukhulu ivela ebusweni bomhlaba, okuyinikeze isimo se-UNESCO Global Geopark ngo-2011. Ososayensi bomhlaba babiza i-Tiānzhù ngokuthi “isambuli seMhlaba” (地球的泄密者).
Umbusi wama-Han u-Wǔdì wakhuphuka e-Tiānzhù ngo-106 B.C.E. futhi wenza umhlatshelo, ngemva kwalokho intaba yamenyezelwa njengeNyakatho-mpumalanga Engcwele (南岳). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphansi kombusi u-Xuān-dì, isihloko saqinisekiswa. Ngemva kwesikhashana “iNyakatho-mpumalanga Engcwele” “yathuthela” entabeni i-Héngshān eHunan.
Idolobha i-Qiánshān — liyindawo yokuzalwa yesifundazwe: igama elifushanisiwe le-Ānhuī “Wǎn” (皖) lisuselwa embusweni wasendulo i-Wǎn (皖国), inhloko-dolobha yawo okwakuyindawo yamanje ye-Qiánshān. Nalapha futhi — indawo yokuzalwa ye-opera yaseBeijing (umsunguli — u-Chéng Chánggēng, 程长庚), umbhali u-Zhāng Hènshuǐ (张恨水) kanye nomdlali wasesiteji se-Huángméixì u-Hán Zàifēn (韩再芬).

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiya Aluhlaza Asuka e-Anhui:

Huángshān Máo Fēng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máo Fēng): Elinye “LamaTiya Aluhlaza Ayishumi Adumile aseShayina.” Isimo esisontwe kancane, hhayi esiyisicaba; iphunga — linothi lezimbali nobusi; umzimba — ulula futhi “unomoya.” I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo iminyene kakhudlwana, “ifana nenkemba” ngokwesimo futhi inokunambitheka okubuyayo okugqamile.
Tàipíng Hóu Kuí (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóu Kuí): Itiye eliluhlaza elinamacebe amakhulu anamacebe ayisicaba, amade (afinyelela kuyi-7 cm). Iphunga le-orchid — livamile kuwo womabili amatiye, kodwa i-Hóu Kuí inkulu kakhulu, inomzimba “ofana nemifino.” I-Jiàn Háo icinene kakhudlwana futhi “ibukhali.”
Liù’ān Guā Piàn (六安瓜片, Liù’ān Guāpiàn): Itiye eliluhlaza eliyingqayizivele elivela emacebeni kuphela, ngaphandle kwamahlume. Isimo esehluke ngokuphelele (izingcwecwe ezifana nembewu yamathanga) kanye nephrofayili yokunambitheka (i-chestnut, izithelo ezomisiwe). I-Jiàn Háo — inevule, imise okwenkemba, inothi lezimbali.
Yuèxī Cuì Lán (岳西翠兰, Yuèxī Cuìlán): Itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni esingumakhelwane i-Yuèxī (nayo eseziNtabeni zaseDàbiéshān). Isimo esigobe kakhulu, iphunga elinamathoni e-orchid, kodwa umzimba ulula. Womabili amatiye — ayimikhiqizo yochungechunge lwezintaba olulodwa, kodwa anezinhlobo ezahlukene.
Tiānhuá Gǔ Jiān (天华谷尖, Tiānhuá Gǔ Jiān): Itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni i-Tàihú (eduze ne-Qiánshān). Isimo esifana nenalithi, kodwa ngaphandle kwesimo esiyisicaba “senkemba” kanye noboya obuncane kakhulu. Alaziwa kakhulu ezingeni likazwelonke.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo itiye eliyi-phoenix, elaphinde lavela ekugqilazeni ngenxa yokuphikelela kwabashisekeli abane kanye nobuhlakani besazi sezela esikhulu. Izingcezu zalo zetiye eziyisicaba, ezimise okwenkemba, ezimbozwe uboya besiliva, zinjengamabala amancane akhiwe ngenkungu yezintaba nokukhanya kwasekuseni. Ngemuva kwaso sonke isiphu — ubumsulwa bephunga le-orchid, ukujiya okubushelelezi kokunambitheka kanye nokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside, okufudumele, okukhumbuza ukuthi emigwaqweni ye “Nsika Yasezulwini” yasendulo kuhlala itiye, okwakuthathwa eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule njengelinye lamatiye amane ahamba phambili ezweni elingaphansi kwezulu — futhi alikaze lilahlekelwe yilungelo lelo.

14. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiya Aluhlaza Asuka e-Anhui (ngokuhluka okuncane):

Huángshān Máo Fēng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máo Fēng): Elinye “LamaTiya Aluhlaza Ayishumi Adumile aseShayina.” Isimo esisontwe kancane, hhayi esiyisicaba; iphunga — linothi lezimbali nobusi; umzimba — ulula futhi “unomoya.” I-Tiānzhù Jiàn Háo iminyene kakhudlwana, “ifana nenkemba” ngokwesimo futhi inokunambitheka okubuyayo okugqamile.
Tàipíng Hóu Kuí (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóu Kuí): Itiye eliluhlaza elinamacebe amakhulu anamacebe ayisicaba, amade (afinyelela kuyi-7 cm). Iphunga le-orchid — livamile kuwo womabili amatiye, kodwa i-Hóu Kuí inkulu kakhulu, inomzimba “ofana nemifino.” I-Jiàn Háo icinene kakhudlwana futhi “ibukhali.”
Liù’ān Guà Piān (六安瓜片, Liù’ān Guāpiàn): Itiye eliluhlaza eliyingqayizivele elususela kuphela emacebeni, ngaphandle kwamahlume. Isimo esehluke ngokuphelele (izingcwecwe ezifana nembewu yamathanga) kanye nephrofayili yokunambitheka (i-chestnut, izithelo ezomisiwe). I-Jiàn Háo — inevule, imise okwenkemba, inothi lezimbali.
Yuèxī Cuì Làn (岳西翠兰, Yuèxī Cuìlán): Itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni esingumakhelwane i-Yuèxī (nayo eseziNtabeni zaseDàbiéshān). Isimo esigobe kakhulu, iphunga elinamathoni e-orchid, kodwa umzimba ulula. Womabili amatiye — ayimikhiqizo yochungechunge lwezintaba olulodwa, kodwa anezinhlobo ezahlukene.
Tiānhuá Gǔ Jiān (天华谷尖, Tiānhuá Gǔ Jiān): Itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni i-Tàihú (eduze ne-Qiánshān). Isimo esifana nenalithi, kodwa ngaphandle kwesimo esiyisicaba “senkemba” kanye noboya obuncane kakhulu. Alaziwa kakhulu ezingeni likazwelonke.

Ekuphetheni: