I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye

I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye yitiye eliluhlaza lesifunda elivela edolobhaneni laseTaolin (桃林镇, Táolín Zhèn) edolobheni laseLinxiang (临湘市, Línxiāng Shì), eliyingxenye yesifunda saseYueyang (岳阳, Yuèyáng) enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseHunan (湖南). Isifunda saseLinxiang singesinye sezizinda ezingama-21 zikazwelonke ezikhiqiza itiye e-China, ngokwendabuko saziwa njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wetiye elimnyama (hēi chá) elisemngceleni (边销), kodwa siphinde sikhiqize amatiye aluhlaza asezingeni eliphezulu. I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye ingummeleli we-Hunan wesikole samatiye aluhlaza aphekwe epanini (炒青绿茶) anephunga le-castnut (栗香), ukunambitheka okuhlanzekile okuqabulayo, kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshelwe), isigaba esingaphansi — eliphekwe epanini (炒青, chǎoqīng).
• Isigaba: Itiye lesifunda elidumile (地方名茶). ILinxiang-Taolin ingezinye zezindawo ezinkulu ezikhiqiza itiye eHunan, ngokomlando zihlobene no-«万里茶道» (Umzila Omkhulu Wetiyela). Amatiye aluhlaza alesi sifunda ake athola imiklomelo yesifundazwe izikhathi eziningi.
• Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe saseHunan (湖南, Húnán), isifunda sasedolobheni iYueyang (岳阳, Yuèyáng), idolobha laseLinxiang (临湘市, Línxiāng Shì), idolobhana laseTaolin (桃林镇). Isifunda setiye sihlanganisa namadolobhana aseHengpu (横铺乡) naseZhongfang (忠防镇), indawo ephelele yezingadi zetiye esifundeni ingaphezu kuka-5000 mu (ngaphezu kwamahektha angama-333) eTaolin kuphela.
• Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba: Cishe 29.40° N, 113.48° E.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwesiko:

• Umlando: ILinxiang ingesinye sezindawo ezindala ezikhiqiza itiye eHunan, umlando wayo uhlobene kakhulu noMzila Omkhulu Wetiyela. Kusukela enkathini yaseQing (清, 1644–1912), kusukela ekubuseni kukaKangxi (康熙), iLinxiang yayiyisikhungo esikhulu sokukhiqiza kanye nokuhweba ngetiye elisemngceleni (边茶): i-qingzhuan (青砖) ne-fuzhuan (茯砖) zivela eLinxiang zazithunyelwa e-Russia naseMongolia ngezikhungo zokuhweba iNieshizhen (聂市镇) neYanglousi (羊楼司镇) — izindawo ezibalulekile zo-«万里茶道». Idolobhana laseTaolin lathola igama lalo ekuqaleni kwenkathi yaseMing (明, 1368–1644), lapho ukhokho womndeni wakwa-Yu (喻) wase-Jiangxi, esethuthela lapha, ethola ihlathi eliminyene lezihlahla zamapesika asendle esiqhingini somfula — yingakho kuthiwa «Taolin» (桃林, «Ihlathi Lamapesika»). Ngesikhathi se-Qing kwamiswa isikhundla somhloli wase-Taolin (桃林巡检司). Izingadi zetiye zase-Taolin zazihlinzeka ngezinto zokwenziwa kokubili itiye elimnyama kanye neliluhlaza kule ndawo.

  Ekhulwini lama-20, itiye eliluhlaza lase-Taolin laba nemizamo eminingana yokuthuthukiswa: ngo-1966 kwaqala ukwandiswa kwamasimu, ngo-1977 esizindeni esiseduze setiye sase-Baishi (白石) kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kwe-«Baishi Maojian» (白石毛尖), okwathi ngo-1982 yafakwa kumatiye ayisishiyagalombili adumile ase-Hunan. I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye njengegama elizimele lasungulwa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000s, lapho amafemu endawo aqala ukuthuthukisa uhla lwamatiye aluhlaza asezingeni eliphezulu kusuka ezintweni zasentwasahlobo, egxile emakethe yasekhaya kanye nokuncintisana namanye amatiye aluhlaza ase-Hunan. Ngo-2009 kwaqala inkathi yokwakha uphawu lomkhiqizo. Itiye liye lahlonishwa kaningi emibuthanweni yokunambitha yesifunda nasemibukisweni.

• Igama: «Taolin» (桃林) — «Ihlathi Lamapesika» — yigama lomlando ledolobhana. «Lǜchá» (绿茶) — itiye eliluhlaza. Incazelo ephelele: «Itiye Eliluhlaza Lasehlathini Lamapesika» — igama elinenkondlo nelinembile ngokwendawo, elebela isithombe so-«Mthombo Wamapesika» (桃花源) wombhalo odumile ka-Tao Yuanming.

• Ukubaluleka kwesiko: Isifunda saseLinxiang-Taolin siphambana nezifundazwe zase-Hunan ne-Hubei, emngceleni wezifunda zetiye «zaselwandle» kanye «nezasezintabeni». Isiko lokuphuzwa kwetiye lapha ngokomlando lihlobene «nomzila wetiyela»: itiye lalithuthwa lidlule emadolobhaneni ase-Taolin nase-Nieshizhen lisiwe emfuleni i-Yangtze futhi luye enyakatho. Izikhungo zokuhweba ezibaluleke kakhulu — i-Nieshizhen (聂市镇) ne-Yanglousi (羊楼司镇) — zazingamafemu amakhulu etiye e-Hunan, lapho amashumi ezindlu zabahwebi ayehileleka ekuthengeni, ekuncitsheni nasekuthumeleni itiye e-Russia, eMongolia nase-Asia Emaphakathi. ILinxiang yaziwa futhi ngokuthi «Inhloko-dolobha Yetiye Noqalo» (茶竹之乡). Imikhosi yaminyaka yonke yasentwasahlobo yetiye nemiqhudelwano yokunambitha e-Yueyang ingumcimbi obalulekile kubakhiqizi bendawo, lapho i-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye ijwayele ukwethulwa kanye ne-Baishi Maojian namanye amatiye aluhlaza esifunda.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

• Uhlobo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
• I-cultivar / Uhlobo lwembewu: Izitshalo zendawo ezinamaqabunga amancane ahlanganisiwe (群体种), ezijwayele isimo sezulu se-subtropical sasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Hunan. Lezi zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ngokofuzo zakheka emakhulwini eminyaka ngokukhethwa kwemvelo nangabomile ngaphansi kwezimo ze-«terroir ephakathi nendawo» phakathi kwezindawo eziphansi zamachibi nezintaba. Ingxenye yezitshalo itshalwe ngezinhlobo ezingcono eziyi-clonal, ezilethwe ezifundazweni ezingomakhelwane (i-Zhejiang, i-Fujian) ukuze kwandiswe isivuno nokuzinza kwekhwalithi. Noma kunjalo, abazi kahle bathanda itiye elivela ezitshalweni ezindala ezihlanganisiwe ngenxa yephrofayela yokunambitheka eyinkimbinkimbi nejulile.
• Ukuvunwa: Intwasahlobo (ekupheleni kuka-March — maphakathi no-April) emabangeni aphambili; ihlobo-ikwindla — emabangeni awandile. Kwi-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye, kusetshenziswa kakhulu izinto zasentwasahlobo.
• Izinga lokuvuna: Ihlumela elinamahlamvu amabili amaningi phezulu (一芽一叶 — 一芽二叶). Emabangeni aphezulu — ihlumela elilodwa noma ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa.
• Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Zibe ziphelele, zivunwe zisanda kuvunwa, zingonakalanga, zilingane ngosayizi. Ukulethwa ngokushesha embonini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucutshungulwa okungahleliwe.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshalwa:

Idolobhana laseTaolin liseningizimu ye-Linxiang, emagqumeni aphansi nasezintabeni eziphansi ze-Mufu Range (幕阜山脉), phakathi kwezintaba zase-Yaogushan (药姑山) empumalanga nechibi lase-Dongting (洞庭湖) entshonalanga. Ukusondela kwechibi elikhulu kunawo wonke lamanzi angenasawoti e-China kunomthelela omkhulu kwi-microclimate: ukuhwamuka kwe-Dongting kunyusa umswakama womoya futhi kunciphise ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

• Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: 100–400 m. Izingadi zetiye zisemagqumeni athambile anokukhuphuka kwamanzi okuhle.
• Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical monsoon, enomthelela osobala wechibi i-Dongting. Izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lonyaka ~16.5 °C. Imvula engu-1300–1500 mm/ngonyaka. Inkungu eningi yasentwasahlobo idala isimo sokukhanya okusabalalisiwe — izimo ezikahle zokuqongelela ama-amino acid. Isikhathi esingenasithwathwa ~izinsuku ezingu-260. Ihlobo liyashisa futhi lineswici, ubusika bubandakala ngokwanele — izimo lapho isihlahla setiye sithola isikhathi esanele sokukhula futhi siqongelele isethi ecebile yezinto zangaphakathi. Izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lezindawo ezisezintabeni liphakeme kunalelo elisethafeni eliseduze kwechibi, okuyinto enomthelela ekwakhekeni kweqabunga elinephunga elimnandi.
• Umhlabathi: Umhlabathi omuncu obomvu-ophuzi (红黄壤), ojwayelekile ezindaweni ezinamagquma e-Hunan. pH 4.5–6.0. Uqukethe okuningi okuphilayo ngenxa yezitshalo eziningi. Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi okuhle kwemvelo — umswakama owedlulele awuqongeleli.
• Ubucwepheshe bezolimo: Ukutshala itiye okugxile emvelweni ngokusetshenziswa okuncane kwamakhemikhali ezolimo. Ukusondela endaweni yoMzila Omkhulu Wetiyela kukhuthaza ukugunyazwa kokukhiqiza «okuluhlaza» nokuthi «kuphephile» (无公害). Ukuthenwa okufika ngesikhathi nokulawulwa kokufiphala (okwemvelo) kuyizinkqubo ezijwayelekile zezolimo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye ingeyesigaba samatiye aluhlaza aphekwe epanini (炒青绿茶) — okuyiqembu elifanayo lobuchwepheshe ne-Long Jing edumile, i-Maojian namanye amatiye, lapho indlela eyinhloko yokulungisa ukuhlaza iwukugazinga epanini. Ubuchwepheshe buhlose ukugcina ukuqabula, ukwakha iphunga elimsulwa le-castnut nokuvimbela ukunambitheka «okuluhlaza» okungavuthiwe.

• Ukuvuna (采摘 — cǎizhāi): Ukuvunwa ngesandla ekuseni, lapho isimo sezulu somile. Izinto zilethwa efektri ngobhasikidi woqalo.
• Ukunaba / ukubuna (摊晾 — tānliàng): Amaqabunga anabeka ngongqimba oluncane (3–5 cm) emthunzini amahora angu-4–8. Iqabunga lilahlekelwa umswakama ongu-15–20%, lithambe, kube nephunga elincane eliqabulayo. Kuphendulwa kabili ukuze kube nokulingana.
• Ukulungisa ukuhlaza (杀青 — shāqīng): Ukugazinga epanini ku-160–200 °C imizuzu engu-3–5. Ama-enzyme awasebenzi, kwakheka isisekelo sephunga le-castnut. Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezenziwa ngesandla kanye neze-rotary. Indlela yokuhlola ukulungela: iqabunga liba luhlaza okotshani ngokumnyama, lithambe, linamathele kancane, isiqu asiphuli, iphunga eliluhlaza «eliluhlaza» liyanyamalala, kuvele iphunga letiye.
• Ukusonta (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Ukucekela phansi kwezindonga zamangqamuzana ngomshini, ukwakheka kwesimo sokuqala. Imizuzu engu-10–15 kumshini wokusonta wamarola noma ngesandla.
• Ukubumba (做形 — zuòxíng): Uma kunesidingo — ukubumba okwengeziwe (理条, lǐ tiáo — «ukulinganisa imichilo»). Nge-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye isimo esivamile siwumucu omncane osobuke (条形), nakuba amanye amafemu ekhiqiza izinhlobo eziyiziqhingana.
• Ukomiswa (烘干 — hōnggān): Ukomiswa kokugcina ku-80–100 °C kuze kube umswakama ≤6.5%. Ukuzinzisa kwephunga, ukususwa kokunambitheka okusele okungavuthiwe, ukuqiniswa kwephunga elimnandi le-castnut. Kwamanye amafemu kusetshenziswa ukomiswa ngezigaba ezimbili: okokuqala ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (~100 °C) ukususa umswakama omningi ngokushesha, bese ukomiswa kokugcina (提香, tí xiāng — «ukukhulisa iphunga elimnandi») ku-70–80 °C ukuze kuvezwe amanothi e-castnut ngokugcwele. Itiye elilungile — liba buthakathaka, uma lihlikihlwa phakathi kweminwe liba yimpushana, okuwubufakazi bezinga elifanele lomswakama.

6. Izici Zomzimba Nengqondo:

• Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Imichilo emincane, eboshwe ngokuqinile (条索紧结), elinganayo ngosayizi. Umbala — uluhlaza okotshani obumnyama ngokukhazimulayo. Emabangeni aphezulu kubonakala uboya obuncane besiliva emahlumeleni.
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Eliqabulayo, elihlanzekile, elinamanothi aqaphelekayo e-castnut-ne-nut (栗香) — uphawu lwesifunda. Ingemuva — elilula, elinotshani-like-nezimbali.
• Iphunga lomhluzo: Eliphakeme, elikhanyayo, elihlala isikhathi. Ithiyori ye-castnut-ne-nut inwetshwa yinothi elihlanzekile eliluhlaza. Iphunga alinyamalali phakathi nokuchithwa kwezikhathi ezingu-3-4.
• Ukunambitheka: Okuqabulayo, okuthambile futhi «komswakama» (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng). Ubuntuya buyabonakala, ubumnandi buncane. Umzimba ulula ngokusemthethweni, ukuthungwa kushelela. Ukunambitheka kwangemuva kuhlanzekile, kuyaqabula, nobumnandi obubuyayo (回甘).
• Umbala womhluzo: Oluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani, okhanyayo, osabalala (绿亮明净).
• Iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe: Eliluhlaza okotshani obuthambile, elilinganayo, amaqabunga avuleke kahle, anwebekile.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

• Izinto ezincibilikiswa emanzini: ≥45% (ngokwemininingwane yomthombo) — inkomba engaphezu kwesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza, ekhombisa ukugcwala okuphezulu kokunambitheka nokuzinza ekuhlanzweni okuphindiwe.
• Ama-amino acid: Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezilinganiso ezijwayelekile zamatiye aluhlaza esifunda — umphumela we-microclimate ye-subtropical yase-«chibini» enenkungu eningi nokukhanya okusabalalisiwe. I-L-theanine iyingxenye esemqoka, enikeza ubumnandi nethoni ye-umami.
• Ama-polyphenol (ama-catechin): Ukuqukethwe okulingene. Okuyinhloko — i-EGCG, i-ECG. Isilinganiso sama-polyphenol kuma-amino acid silungile ekunambithekeni okuthambile, okumnandi.
• Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine (~2.5–3.5%), i-theobromine, i-theophylline — ngamanani amancane.
• Amavithamini: C, B₁, B₂, E. Itiye eliluhlaza elisha elivela ezintweni zasentwasahlobo yokuqala — lingomunye wemithombo engcono kakhulu yezitshalo ye-vitamin C.
• Amaminerali: I-zinc, i-selenium (okuqanjiwe emthonjeni), i-potassium, i-manganese, i-fluoride.
• Amafutha abalulekile: Iphrofayela yephunga le-castnut-ne-nut nelotshani-like-nezimbali yakhiwa inhlanganisela yama-pyrazine, i-linalool, i-geraniol nezinye izinhlanganisela eziguqukayo.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

• Ukuvikela i-antioxidant: Ama-catechin ne-vitamin C — izinciphisi ezinamandla zama-radical akhululekile, avikela amangqamuzana ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative.
• Ukuqabula okuncane nokusekelwa kwengqondo: Ukusebenzisana kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kuhlinzeka ngokuqabula okuzinzile, ukuthuthukiswa kokunaka kanye nenkumbulo ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
• Ukuvikelwa kwenhliziyo: Ama-polyphenol etiye eliluhlaza asiza ekugcineni izinga le-cholesterol elinempilo nokunwebeka kwemithambo.
• Ukusekelwa kokugayeka kokudla: Ukukhuthazwa okuncane kokuphuma kwama-enzyme okugaya, ukuthuthukiswa kokuhamba kwamathumbu. Kuyindlela enhle yokuhambisana nokudla okulula.
• Ukusekelwa kwamasosha omzimba: Ama-polyphenol athuthukisa umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane kanye nokulwa namagciwane wohlelo lwamasosha omzimba.
• Impilo yomlomo: I-fluoride nama-catechin anomphumela wokulwa namagciwane, asiza ekuvikeleni ukubola kwamazinyo.
• Ukusekelwa kwempilo yesikhumba: Ama-antioxidant etiye eliluhlaza (EGCG, vitamin C) asiza ukuvikela isikhumba ekugugeni okubangelwa yilanga kanye nemiphumela yemisebe ye-UV.
• Usizo ekulawuleni isisindo: Ama-catechin uma ehlanganiswe ne-caffeine anomthelela ekusheshiseni umzimba nasekushiseni amafutha — umphumela oqinisekiswe ucwaningo oluningi lomtholampilo lwetiye eliluhlaza.

Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuzwela komuntu ngamunye ku-caffeine. Akunconywa ukuphuza itiye eliluhlaza ngesisu esingenalutho kubantu abane-asidi ephezulu yesisu.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 75–85 °C. Emabangeni asentwasahlobo athambile — 75–80 °C; eqabungeni eliqinile — kufika ku-85 °C.
• Isilinganiso setiye: amagremu angu-3 ku-150 ml (i-gaiwan); amagremu angu-5 ku-200–250 ml (ingilazi yengilazi).
• Izitsha: I-gaiwan ye-porcelain — ukuze kulawulwe kahle ukukhishwa nokuvezwa kwephunga le-castnut. Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-colba — ekuphuzweni kwetiye kwansuku zonke. Ephunga elimnandi kuyacomeka i-porcelain.
• Inqubo:
  1. Fudumeza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwachitha.
  2. Faka itiye, unyakazise kancane i-gaiwan ukuvusa iphunga.
  3. Ukuchithwa kokuqala: 80 °C, odongeni, kufakwe imizuzwana engu-20–30. Okulula, okuqabulayo, okunoshukela.
  4. Ukuchithwa kwesibili–kwesithathu: imizuzwana engu-30–45. Ukugcwala kwephunga le-castnut, ubumnandi obuthambile, «ubumanzi».
  5. Ukuchithwa kwesine–kwesithupha: imizuzwana engu-45–60 ngokunyuka. Iphunga lishintshela ethonini elithambile, elinotshani-njengoju.
  6. Lapho ufaka engilazini (大杯泡): amagremu angu-2–3 ku-200 ml, imizuzu engu-1.5–2.5, wengeze amanzi izikhathi ezingu-2–3.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Ukuvikelwa okuqinile ku-oxygen, umswakama, ukukhanya, ukushisa namaphunga angaphandle.
• Okungcono kakhulu: efrijini (0–5 °C), ukupakishwa kwe-vacuum ye-foil evaliwe. Ngaphambi kokuvula — kufanele kumiswe ekamelweni izinga lokushisa imizuzu engu-15–20.
• Ifriza (−18 °C) — yokugcinwa isikhathi eside kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezingu-18.
• Isikhathi esinconywayo sokusetshenziswa: izinyanga ezingu-6–12 ngemva kokukhiqizwa. Isiqongo sephunga — izinyanga zokuqala ezingu-4–6.

11. Intengo Nezinto Zomgunyathi:

• Isigaba sentengo: Simaphakathi. Ibanga lasentwasahlobo yokuqala (明前茶) — libiza kakhulu; ihlobo-ikwindla — liyabiza kakhulu. Izintengo ziphansi kunaleyo yamatiye adumile omugqa wokuqala (i-Long Jing, i-Xinyang Maojian), okwenza i-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye ikhange ngezinga le-intengo/ikhwalithi.
• Izici zentengo: Isizini yokuvuna, ibanga lezinto ezingavuthiwe, ifemu elithile, ukusebenza ngesandla uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini.
• Ungakugwema kanjani ukukopela:
  • Thenga emafemini athembekile esifunda sase-Linxiang-Taolin.
  • Hlola ukubukeka: ukusonteka okuqinile, okulinganayo, umbala ohlanzekile oluhlaza okotshani, ngaphandle kwamabala ansundu noma aphuzi.
  • Iphunga le-castnut kufanele libe ngelwemvelo, lingagxili ngokweqile — ukuqhola okungekhona okwemvelo kunikeza iphunga «eliyisicaba», elinenothi elilodwa.
  • Umhluzo — okhanyayo, osabalele, ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani, ngaphandle kwenkalankala.
  • Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo ku- «itiye eliyisibusiso sasentwasahlobo» — uphawu lokushintshwa kwezinto noma ukusetshenziswa kweqabunga lonyaka odlule.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• Idolobhana laseTaolin laqanjwa ngehlathi lamapesika asendle, elatholwa isakhamuzi sokuqala u-Yu Bifeng (喻必峰) wase-Jiangxi ekuqaleni kohlanga lwaseMing — lokhu kuhambisana nesithombe senkondlo esidumile so-«Mthombo Wamapesika» (桃花源) emsebenzini ka-Tao Yuanming, isenzo sawo esenzeka esifundazweni sase-Hunan.
• ILinxiang, lapho kukhona i-Taolin, — ingenye yezizinda ezibalulekile zo-«Mzila Omkhulu Wetiyela» womlando (万里茶道, Wànlǐ Chádào): kusukela enkathini ye-Kangxi (康熙), itiye lendawo lalithunyelwa e-Russia, futhi amavolumu eminyakeni enhle kakhulu ayefinyelela kumathani angu-17 000.
• Idolobhana elingumakhelwane i-Hengpu (横铺乡) — yindawo yokuzalwa ye-«Baishi Maojian» edumile (白石毛尖), okwathi ngo-1982 yafakwa kumatiye ayisishiyagalombili angcono kakhulu ase-Hunan futhi yaheha ukunaka kochwepheshe base-Japan: ngeminyaka yawo-1980 ithimba lase-Japan lathenga amakhilogremu angu-85 e-Baishi Maojian ukuze liyifunde.
• ILinxiang ikhiqiza kanyekanye itiye eliluhlaza nelimnyama (hēi chá) — okuyinhlanganisela eyivelakancane, ebangelwa isimo somlando ngokuhlangana kwamasiko etiye amabili: eliluhlaza lase-«chibini» (lase-Dongting) nelimnyama «elisemngceleni» (边销).
• I-Taolin futhi i- «Dolobha Lezemidlalo Ye-Athletikhi yase-China» (中国田径之乡) kanye nesikhungo esikhulu sezokuthutha: lapha kuhlangana imigwaqo emikhulu ye-Beijing — Hong Kong — Macau kanye ne-Hangzhou — Ruili, okuqinisekisa ukulethwa ngokushesha kwetiye elisha ezweni lonke. Ibanga ukuya esiteshini sesitimela esinesivinini esikhulu i-Yueyang — amakhilomitha angu-20 kuphela, esikhumulweni sezindiza i-Sanhe — amakhilomitha angu-15.
• Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20, i-Linxiang yayiyisizinda sengoma «Tiao dan cha shang Beijing» (挑担茶叶上北京, «Sithwala Itiye Ngejoka Siye eBeijing») — iculo lesintu labatshali betiye base-Hunan, elaba ngomunye wezimpawu zesiko letiye lesifundazwe. Umlando wokudalwa kwengoma wachazwa isazi sendawo uLiu Xiaoyu (刘晓瑜) esihlokweni esashicilelwa ngo-2016.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

• I-Baishi Maojian (白石毛尖): «Umakhelwane» oseduze — itiye eliluhlaza elivela edolobhaneni elingumakhelwane i-Hengpu, edolobheni elifanayo i-Linxiang. Eliyinaliti (条形), elinoboya obumhlophe besiliva obumhlophe kanye nephunga «eliluhlaza» kakhulu, elinotshani. I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye — ine-castnut kakhulu, yomile futhi ihlanzekile ngephunga.
• I-Junshan Yinzhen (君山银针, Jūnshān Yínzhēn): Itiye eliphuzi elidumile lase-Yueyang — isigaba esihluke ngokuphelele (elivutshelwe kancane). Lithambe kakhulu, linethoni eqavile «yoju» kanye «nommbila». I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye — iqabulile, iluhlaza okotshani futhi iyavusa.
• I-Changsha Lǜchá (长沙绿茶, Chángshā Lǜchá): Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda endaweni yase-«chibini» i-Dongting — lisontekile kahle, linoboya besiliva, lithambile futhi limnandi. Iphrofayela ihlobene ne-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye, kodwa i-Changsha Lǜchá ngokuvamile ilula futhi iyathamba kakhulu, kanti i-Taolin — igculise kancane.
• I-Guzhang Maojian (古丈毛尖, Gǔzhàng Máojiān): Itiye eliluhlaza elidumile elivela entshonalanga ye-Hunan (Xiangxi). Lisezintabeni, linombala «oluhlaza» ogqamile, nobumnandi obuqinile obubuyayo kanye nomzimba ojulile. I-Guzhang Maojian — ingelinye «lamatiye amane amakhulu aluhlaza ase-Hunan» (kanye ne-Huangjincha, Qietancha ne-Shimen Yinfeng). I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye — ithambe kakhulu futhi i-«chibini» kakhulu ngesimo sayo, inephrofayela yokunambitheka engagqamile kakhulu, kodwa intengo yayo iyafinyeleleka kakhudlwana.
• I-Yueyang Huang Cha (岳阳黄茶, Yuèyáng Huángchá): Uphawu lwesifunda lwamatiye aphuzi ase-Yueyang, ahlanganisa i-Junshan Yinzhen ne-Beigang Maojian. Itiye eliphuzi — livutshelwe kancane, lithambe kakhulu futhi «liyindilinga», linamanothi oju nommbila. I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye, njenge-itiye eliluhlaza elingavutshelwe, — liqabulile, likhanya kakhulu ngephunga futhi liyavusa.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Taolin Luhlaza Itiye iyitiyi eliluhlaza elithembekile, elihlanzekile elivela esifundeni setiye somlando enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Hunan, lapho isiko lenkulungwane leminyaka lo-«mzila wetiyela» lihlala eduze ne-microclimate epholile yase-Dongting. Akuyona itiye lesitolo — yisiphuzo sansuku zonke, esivela kancane: iphunga le-castnut, ubumnandi obulinganayo, umhluzo osabalele kanye nokunambitheka kwangemuva okuzolile. Yinike amanzi athambile nezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi — futhi izokuphendula ngemizuzwana embalwa yenjabulo ethule, lapho kuvele khona umoya wehlathi lamapesika, elimi osebeni lwechibi elikhulu.