Tàishān Nǚ Ér Chá · new.thetea.app

Tàishān Nǚ Ér Chá ingenye yamatiye aluhlaza ambalwa avela enyakatho ekude yebhande letiye laseShayina, akhulela phansi kwentaba engcwele iTàishān. Igama, elisho ngokwezwi nezwi ukuthi “itiye lendodakazi yaseTàishān,” ligxile esikweni lembhalo yenkathi yeMing (明, Míng), nakuba itiye lesimanje elenziwe ngamahlamvu e-Camellia sinensis lenziwa lapha kusukela ngawo-1960. Isici sale tiye esivelele iphunga elinamandla le-cashew nut, eliyenze yathola igama lesidlaliso elithi “icashew nut enkomishini” (茶中板栗, cházhōng bǎnlì).

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nendabuko:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingagaywanga. Lingaphansi kwesigaba se-chaoqing (炒青, chǎoqīng) – itiye elilungiswa ngokugazingwa epanini (wok).
Isigaba: Itiye elaziwayo lesifunda saseShandong (山东名茶, Shāndōng míngchá). Umkhiqizo owuvikelekile ngokwesikhundla sendawo (中国国家地理标志产品, Zhōngguó guójiā dìlǐ biāozhì chǎnpǐn).
Indabuko: IShayina, isifundazwe saseShandong (山东省, Shāndōng shěng), idolobha laseTai’an (泰安市, Tài’ān shì). Amasimu etiye atholakala emthambekeni osempumalanga naphansi kwentaba iTàishān (泰山, Tàishān), ngaphakathi kwendawo ebukekayo yesizwe seTaishan National Park.
Izixhumanisi zejografi: cishe 36.25°N, 117.10°E (umthambeka osempumalanga weTàishān, indawo yamasimu etiye).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando:

ITàishān Nǚ Ér Chá inomlando ongajwayelekile ophindwe kabili. Ekuqaleni, i-“nǚérchá” (女儿茶) yayingelona itiye ngokwesayensi yezitshalo – kwakuyisiphuzo esenziwe ngezindlala zomuthi we-qingtong (青桐, qīngtóng), owaziwa nangokuthi i-shǔlǐ (鼠李, shǔlǐ), okhula ezintabeni zaseTàishān. Ukubhalwa kokuqala kwaleli gama kusukela enkathini ye-Ming (明, Míng): uLi Rìhuá (李日华, Lǐ Rìhuá, 1565–1635) eqoqweni lakhe i-“Zǐtáoxuān Zázhuì” (紫桃轩杂缀, Zǐtáoxuān Zázhuì) wabhala: “Abantu baseTàishān bakha izindlala ze-qingtong, benza ngazo isiphuzo, bese besibiza ngo-nǚérchá.” Emlandweni wesifunda i-“Chóngxiū Tài’ān Xiànzhì” (重修泰安县志, Chóngxiū Tài’ān Xiànzhì) kuye kwabhalwa nokuthi abantu bendawo babebuthela amahlumela amancane e-qingtong futhi bewabheka njengokungena esikhundleni samatiye aseningizimu.

Enovini eyingqophamlando yekhulu le-18 ethi “Iphupho Endlini Ebomvu” (红楼梦, Hónglóu Mèng) kaCáo Xuěqín (曹雪芹, Cáo Xuěqín) – esahlukweni sama-63 – uJiǎ Bǎoyù (贾宝玉) uphuza i-nǚérchá ngemva kwewayini, okuwubufakazi besikhundla esiphezulu salesi siphuzo phakathi kwabafundile abavelele benkathi ye-Qing (清, Qīng).

Umlando wesimanje wetiye njengomkhiqizo we-Camellia sinensis waqala ngawo-1960. Ngawo-1930, ujenene uFéng Yùxiáng (冯玉祥, Féng Yùxiáng), owayehleli yedwa eTàishān, wazama ukutshala izihlahla zetiye zase ningizimu entabeni, kodwa wahluleka. Ingcindezi yangempela yenzeka ngo-1966, lapho ngaphansi kohlelo lwezwe lonke “Ukuhambisa Itiye LaseNingizimu Enyakatho” (南茶北引, nánchá běiyǐn) kwatshalwa amasimu okuqala e-Camellia sinensis eTai’an. Ngo-2000 ububanzi bamasimu etiye babufinyelela ngaphezu kuka-1,000 mu (~67 ha), kanti okwamanje sesingaphezu kuka-5,000 mu (~333 ha).

Ngo-2007 amasimu athola isikhundla se-“State Standardized Demonstration Zone for Pollution-Free Tea Cultivation” (国家级无公害茶叶种植加工标准化示范区). Ngo-2012 ibhrendi ethi “Tàishān Nǚ Ér Chá” yafakwa ohlwini lokuqala lwe-“Hǎo Pǐn Shāndōng” (好品山东). Itiye selihlonywe ngezindondo zegolide kaningi embukisweni weChina International Agricultural Fair futhi selithole nokuthi “Umkhiqizo Odumile Wesifundazwe SaseShandong” (山东名牌产品).

Igama:

Tàishān (泰山, Tàishān) – intaba engcwele iTàishān, enye yezintaba ezinhlanu ezinkulu (五岳, Wǔyuè) zaseShayina, iNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO (amagugu emvelo namasiko).
Nǚ Ér (女儿, nǚ’ér) – ngokwezwi nezwi “indodakazi, intombazane.” Ngokwenganekwane edumile, ngesikhathi evakashele iTàishān, umbusi uQiánlóng (乾隆, Qiánlóng) wafisa ukunambitha itiye lendawo; ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwezihlahla zetiye, izikhulu zathumela amantombazane amancane ukuba ayokha izindlala ze-qingtong, zazenza ngamanzi esiphethu saseTàishān futhi zethela imbusi, ziqamba lesi siphuzo ngokuthi “itiye lamadodakazi.”
Chá (茶, chá) – itiye.

Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:

ITàishān Nǚ Ér Chá ixhumene ngokuhlukanisayo namasiko entaba engcwele. ITàishān ingeyokuqala ezintabeni ezinhlanu ezinkulu, indawo okwakwenziwa kuyo imihlatshelo ye-fēngshàn (封禅, fēngshàn) ngababusi isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili zeminyaka. Isiko letiye laseTàishān lingelinye lamancane kunawo wonke eShayina, kodwa lisekelwe phezu kwesisekelo esinamandla semibhalo namasiko. Indawo yetiye edumile ethi “Sìhuáishù” (四槐树) eduze kwechweba lase-Huímǎlǐng (回马岭, Huímǎlǐng) endleleni ekhuphukela phezulu seyibe yindawo ehlonishwayo yabaphathi bezinkonzo nabahambi. Abakhiqizi besimanje bakhulisa uhide lwemikhiqizo: ngaphandle kwetiye eliluhlaza elijwayelekile benza itiye elibomvu (泰山女儿红茶) kanye ne-“golden tea” (泰山女儿黄金茶), okwenziwa ngokubambisana ne-Faculty of Tea Science yaseShandong Agricultural University (山东农业大学茶学系).

3. Isichaza Sezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Uhlobo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Uhlobo lwezitshalo / Cultivar: Kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimisiwe zikahulumeni (国家级茶树良种, guójiā jí cháshù liángzhǒng), ezikhethelwe ngokukhethekile izimo zase nyakatho. Izitshalo eziyisisekelo zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezincane zamaqabunga ezivumelana nokubanda. Kukhona futhi izingxenye zezinhlobo zabantu bendawo (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng).
Ukukhiwa (Harvest): Ukukhiwa kwasentwasahlobo (春茶, chūnchá) – kuyiyona ndlela eyinhloko neyigugu kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi lisendaweni esenyakatho, isizini yetiye imfishane: isikhathi sokuhlala kwezihlahla side kunalokho okuseningizimu, okunomthelela ekuqoqweleni ama-amino acid kanye nezinhlanganisela ezinuka kamnandi. Ukukhiwa kuqala kamuva kunasesifundazweni esiseningizimu – ngokuvamile kusukela maphakathi no-April.
Izinga lokukhiwa: Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa igqumela elilodwa kanye neqabunga elilodwa noma amabili amancane (一芽一叶或一芽二叶). Emaqoqweni aphambili – amahlumela athambile kuphela.
Izici zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Amaqabunga agqamile ngokugqama futhi aminyene kunalawo amatiye aluhlaza aseningizimu – umphumela wokukhula kancane ngaphansi komehluko omkhulu wokushisa kwemini nobusuku. Lokhu kunikeza amandla aphezulu okukhishwa kwezakhi kanye nokumelana nokuphindaphinda ukugalisa.

4. Itorwa (Terroir) Nezici Zokutshalwa:

Ubude obukhulela kukho: 200–600 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle (umthambeka osempumalanga weTàishān nezindawo ezingaphansi kwezintaba).
Isimo Sezulu: I-monsoon epholile, enomoya ovela ezwenikazi. Isilinganiso sokushisa sonyaka cishe singu-12.9°C (endaweni enkulu yamatiye). Isamba semvula ngonyaka – cishe 697 mm. Ubude benkathi engenasithwathwa – cishe izinsuku eziyi-195. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinga lokushisa kwasemini nobusuku uyisici esiyinhloko, ukunciphisa ukukhula futhi kuqinise ukuqoqela kwama-amino acid.
Isimo sezulu esincane: Inkungu njalo, ikakhulukazi ekuseni. Ukwakheka kwezintaba kwakha ukufiphala okungokwemvelo, okwandisa ingxenye yokukhanya okusakazekile – isici esihle sokuhlanganiswa kwe-L-theanine ne-chlorophyll.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi yamahlathi ensundu neyezintaba ezinamadlelo, eneasidi ephansi (pH 5.0–6.5), ecebile ngezakhi eziphilayo. Imithambeka yaseTàishān imbozwe amahlathi (izinga lokugcwala kwamahlathi endaweni liphezulu), okuqinisekisa umoya ohlanzekile nokunempilo enhlabathini. Indawo ingaphansi kwendawo yokuvikela amanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwezivundisi zamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane kuvinjelwe ngokweqile.
Ubuciko bezolimo: Amasimu aphethwe ngokwamazinga okutshala itiye ngaphandle kokungcolisa ngezinambuzane kanye nangendlela ephilayo (无公害 / 有机, wúgōnghài / yǒujī). Ukusebenzisana ne-Shandong Agricultural University kunikeza ukwesekwa ngokwesayensi: ukukhethwa kwama-clone amelana nesithwathwa, ukwenza ngcono ukuthena, nokuqapha izinga lezifo nezilokazane.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

ITàishān Nǚ Ér Chá ikhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile betiye eliluhlaza eligazingiwe (炒青绿茶, chǎoqīng lǜchá) ngokugxila ekwakhiweni kwephunga le-cashew nut elivelele kanye nomzimba wokunambitha ominyene kodwa ongalokozayo.

Ukukhiwa (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukukha ngesandla kwamahlumela athambile ngezikhathi zasekuseni. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zihanjiswa ngokushesha embonini.
Ukulalisa nokudambisa (摊晾, tānliàng): Amaqabunga asanda kukhiwa alaliswa ngendlela encanyana egumbini elipholile nelinomoya omuhle amahora ama-2–4 ukuze alinganisele umswakama futhi aqale ukukhiqiza izinhlanganisela ezinuka kamnandi eziphuphumayo.
Ukumisa (杀青, shāqīng): Ukugazinga epanini (noma emgodini womshini) ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Lesi yisigaba esibalulekile esimisa uketshezana lokugaya futhi sibeka isisekelo sephunga le-cashew nut. Isimo sokushisa kanye nobude besikhathi kukhethwa kuye ngomswakama nokuvuthwa kwamaqabunga.
Ukusonga (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukucindezelwa okulula noma okuphakathi – okwanele ukuphula izindonga zamaseli nokukhipha ulwebu, kodwa ngaphandle kokulimaza kakhulu amaqabunga. Ubude besikhathi – imizuzu eyi-10–20.
Ukubumba (做形, zuòxíng): Amaqabunga anikezwa ukuma okusontekile okuyisici (曲卷形, qūjuǎn xíng). Itiye eliphelele lichazwa ngokuthi “lisontekile ngobuhle” – lapho ligelezwa amaqabunga ehlela phansi futhi ayavuleka, okukhumbuza amantombazane agidayo. Kuphinde kukhiqizwe i-“lóngxíng” (龙形, lóngxíng) – ukuma okuyisicaba, okwenziwe ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe beLóngjǐng.
Ukumisa (烘干, hōnggān): Ukomisa kokugcina ngezinga lokushisa elilingene kuze kube umswakama ozinzile (≤6.5%). Ukuqinisa iphunga nokulungisa ukuma.

6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngezitho Zomzimba (Organoleptic):

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amaqabunga asontekile ngesineke, asongwe ngokuqinile anengubo ebonakalayo yezinhlamvu ezimhlophe (bái háo). Umbala – kusuka oluhlaza okomnyama kuya kombala we-olive, onokucwazimula okunamafutha. Iqabunga ligqamile ngokugqama futhi linyameme kunaleli wamatiye ajwayelekile aluhlaza aseningizimu. Uhlobo lwe-“lóngxíng” – luyisicaba, lubushelelezi, lunombala oluhlaza othambile.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: I-cashew nut evelele (栗香, lìxiāng) – iyisiginesha ephambili yephunga letiye. Emaphungwini angaphansi – amakinati athosiwe, ubumnandi obuncane bama-cashew nut abhakwe, kanye nokunambitheka okuncane kwe-mints fresh.
Iphunga lomgqomo: Lihlanzekile, liphakeme, kugqame i-cashew nut. Njengoba liphola, kuphuma amanothi athambile ezimbali nawezitshalo. Iphunga liyahlala futhi lijulile.
Ukunambitheka: Kugcwele, kuminyene, kunomzimba obonakalayo, kodwa ngaphandle kokuqumbsheka. Kunoshukela, nokusha okulinganiselayo. Ukudvuquka kuncane lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lilungile. Kunesici se-huígān (回甘, huígān) – ubumnandi obubuyayo, obukhula emva kokuqumba. Ukunambitheka kuvela kancane kancane: ukugezwa kokuqala kulula, ukuqina okuphezulu kwenzeka ekugaliseni kwesithathu kuya kwesine, okulandelwa ukunambitheka okuncipha ngobuchopho – isici esingajwayelekile etiyeni eliluhlaza.
Umbala womgqomo: Obala, kusuka oluhlaza othambile kuya koluhlaza ophuzi. Ngezinga lokushisa elifanele – uhlanzekile futhi ugqamile, unokukhanya okucwazimulayo okuncane.
Phansi kwenkomishi yetiye (叶底, yèdǐ): Amaqabunga avuleka ngokulinganayo, umbala – oluhlaza othambile, ofanayo. Iqabunga linwebekayo, liyagqama, “linyama” – ubufakazi obusobala bokudalwa enyakatho.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Isimo samakhemikhali seTàishān Nǚ Ér Chá sikhombisa izici zomhlaba ose nyakatho: isikhathi eside sokuhlala kanye nokukhula kancane kwentwasahlobo kunegalelo ekuqoqweleni okuphezulu kwama-amino acids kanye nezinga elimaphakathi lamacatechin.

I-phenol eningi (茶多酚, chá duōfēn): Izinga limaphakathi etiyeni eliluhlaza – cishe 18–24% wesisindo esomile. Amacatechin ayinhloko: EGCG, ECG, EC, EGC. Izilinganiso zama-phenol eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo eziseningizimu zikuchaza ukuthamba nokungabikho kokuqumbekayo okugqamile.
Ama-amino acid (氨基酸, ānjīsuān): Izinga eliphakeme – elinye lamacembe ahlukile. I-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸) inikeza ubumnandi obuyisici kanye nokunambitheka okuncane kwe-umami. Izinga eliphezulu lama-amino acid liwumphumela wokuqoqela okwesikhathi eside ebusika ngenkathi yesikhathi esifushane sokukhula.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēijiǎn) – izinga elijwayelekile lamatiye aluhlaza (2.5–3.5% wesisindo esomile). Kukhona i-theobromine ne-theophylline ngamanani amancane.
Izinto ezikhishwa emanzini (水浸出物, shuǐ jìnchū wù): Okungenani 45% – inkomba ephezulu, okufakazela ukuminyana nokugcwala komgqomo.
Amavithamini: Uvithamini C (i-ascorbic acid), amavithamini e-B (B₁, B₂), uvithamini E.
Amaminerali nezinto eziyizakhi: Unothe nge-potassium (K), i-zinc (Zn), i-iron (Fe), i-manganese (Mn), i-sodium (Na) kanye ne-selenium (Se). Izinga eliphakeme lezinto eziyizakhi – isici esiqhakanjiswa ngabakhiqizi njengengxenye ebalulekile yendawo yaseTàishān.
Amafutha aphuphumayo: Izinhlanganisela ezinephunga elinamandla kakhulu – ama-pyrazine ne-furan compounds, ezinesibopho sephunga le-cashew nut, ezakhiwe ngesikhathi sokugazingwa (shāqīng).

8. Izinzuzo Eziwusizo:

Umsebenzi wokukhuthaza amandla: I-caffeine ihlangene ne-L-theanine inikeza amandla athambile, alinganayo ngaphandle kokukhuphuka okukhulu kwemizwa – isimo sokugxila okuzolile nokucaca kwengqondo.
Ukuvikela okulwa ne-oxidant: Amacatechin, ikakhulukazi i-EGCG, angama-antioxidant anamandla, anomthelela ekunciphiseni ama-free radicals kanye nokunciphisa ukwenzakala okulwa ne-oxidative kumaseli.
Ukusekela indlela yokuphila yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ngokwendabuko, itiye libhekwa njengelinekhono lokuthambisa izindonga zemithambo (软化血管, ruǎnhuà xuèguǎn). Ama-phenol amaningi anomthelela ekulinganiseni izinga le-cholesterol nomfutho wegazi.
Ukuthuthukisa ukugayeka kokudla: Ama-phenol amaningi akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwejusi yesisu futhi asheshise ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha emzimbeni, okwenza itiye libe ngumngane omuhle ekudleni.
Ukuqinisa amazinyo: I-fluoride ekhona kanye namacatechin avimbela umsebenzi wamabhaktheriya abangela ukudla kwezinyo.
Ukucebisa ngamaminerali: Izinga eliphezulu le-potassium, i-zinc, i-iron ne-manganese kwenezeza ekudleni kwansuku zonke.
Umsebenzi wokulwa nemisebe (radiation): Ama-phenol amaningi etiye anekhono lokuhlanganisa izinsimbi ezisindayo ezithile nama-radionuclide – isici esibalulekile kubantu abasebenza ngezisetshenziswa zobuchwepheshe.

Qaphela: izinzuzo ziveza impilo yonke. Itiye alisona isidakamizwa.

9. Ukulungiselela (Ukugalisa):

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C. Amanzi ashisayo kakhulu (>85°C) aholela ekugqokeni komgqomo, ukuvela kobuthongo, nokulahleka kwephunga elithambile. Kunconyelwa ukuthi abiliselwe amanzi bese eyekwa apholele ezingeni lokushisa elifanele.
Inani letiye: 2–3 g ku-150 ml (indlela yaseYurophu); 5–7 g ku-gaiwan 100–120 ml (gōngfū).
Amanzi: Athambile, anamamaminerali aphansi. Ngokwendabuko, amanzi esiphethu aseTàishān abhekwa njengalungile – ahlanzekile futhi athambile, agqamisa ubumnandi be-cashew nut.
Izitsha: I-gaiwan yobumba (盖碗) noma inkomishi yobumba omhlophe/olusakala nokumhlophe. Ingilazi – ukuze ukwazi ukubukela: amaqabunga ehlela kancane phansi futhi ayavuleka, okudala isithombe esihle.

Inqubo (ingilazi, indlela ye-shàngtóufǎ / 上投法):

Fudumeza ingilazi ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwayachelelela.
Thela amanzi (80–85°C) acishe abe ngu-1/3 womthamo wengilazi.
Beka itiye (3 g) phezu kwamanzi.
Linda cishe umzuzu owodwa, kuze amaqabunga aqumbeke futhi aqale ukwehlela phansi.
Faka amanzi aze afinyelele ku-7/10 womthamo wengilazi ngomsele omncane ophansi oqhubekayo.
Linda imizuzu emi-2–3, bese uphuza. Uma sekusele u-1/3 – faka amanzi futhi.
Kumelana nokugalisa okuyi-4–6; ukuvuthwa kokunambitheka kusekugaliseni kwesithathu nesesine.

Inqubo (i-gaiwan, gōngfū):

Fudumeza i-gaiwan ngamanzi abilayo.
Faka 5–7 g yetiye, ukuze ligunquze kancane ukuze kukhanywe iphunga.
Ukuphalaza kokuqala: 80–85°C, imizuzwana engama-20–30, chelelela.
Ukuphalaza kwesibili: imizuzwana engu-15–20.
Ukuphalaza okulandelayo: andisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana emi-5–10.
Ukuphalaza oku-5–8 kuye ngokuminyana kweqabunga.

10. Ukugcina:

Izinga lokushisa: Okuhle kakhulu – esiqandisini ku-0–5°C, ekubopheni okuvalekile. Lesi isikhombandlela esijwayelekile sawo wonke amatiye aluhlaza – izinga lokushisa eliphansi linciphisa uketshezana lokugaya futhi ligcina ubusha.
Iziqukathi: Izikhwama evacuum ye-foil, amathini wezinsimbi noma iziqukathi zobumba ezinesivalo esiqinile. Gwema ukuthinta umoya.
Izitha zetiye: Ukukhanya, umswakama, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, amaphunga angaphandle. Musa ukugcina eduze kweziyoliso, ikhofi neminye imikhiqizo enephunga.
Isikhathi sokuphila: Ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okukhulu – sebenzisa phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-6–12 emva kokukhiqiza. Emva kokuvula iphakethe, kunconyelwa ukuphuzwa phakathi kwamasonto ama-2–4, ikakhulukazi uma kugcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa.
Umgqomo wayizolo (隔夜茶, géyè chá) awunconyelwa ukuphuzwa.

11. Intengo kanye neZinto Zokuqamba amanga:

Isigaba sentengo: Isigaba esiphakathi nephezulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseShandong. Ukukhiwa kokuqala kwasentwasahlobo (明前茶, míngqián chá – ngaphambi komkhosi we-Qīngmíng) – yilona olibizo kakhulu. Intengo isukela ku~200 kuya ku-800+ yuan nge-500 g kuye ngezinga, isizini nomkhiqizi. Emakethe yendawo, umkhiqizo uyadingeka kakhulu, ubungako bokukhiqiza buncane, okugcina intengo iphezulu.

Indlela yokugwema izinto zokuqamba amanga:

Thenga emithonjeni ethembekile: Khetha imikhiqizo yezinkampani ezinesitifiketi nesikhundla sokuvikelwa kwendawo. Chazisa ibhrendi ethi “Tàishān Nǚ’ér” (泰山女儿) kanye nezinhlangano zamahhovisi aseTai’an.
Hlola ukubukeka: Itiye langempela linokuma okusontekile okuyisici, iqabunga eliminyene, “elinyama” elinezinhlamvu ezibonakalayo. Izinto zokuqamba amanga ngokuvamile – iqabunga elincanyana, elisongwe kabi ngaphandle kwendlela yokubhidlika ebonakalayo.
Hlola iphunga: Isignesha yalo – iphunga elihlala njalo le-cashew nut. Ukunikezwa kwephunga okungekona okwemvelo kuziveza ngephunga elihlabayo, “le-chemical” noma elimnandi ngokweqile, eliphela ngokushesha.
Hlola umgqomo: Obalile, oluhlaza ogqamile noma ophuzi ngokuluhlaza, ngaphandle kwamafu. Umgqomo onezinkungu noma ongakhanyiyo – uphawu lwempahla endala noma engekho ezingeni eliphezulu.
Xwaya uma intengo iphansi: Itiye lase nyakatho liyabiza ukukhiqizwa (isizini emfushane, umthamo omncane). Intengo ephansi kakhulu kuneyemakethe – isizathu sokusola: kungenzeka ukuthi kuthathelwe izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivela kwezinye izifunda.

12. Amaqiniso Ahehayo:

Itiye elalingelona itiye. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka – kusukela enkathini ye-Ming kuze kube yiminyaka yawo-1900 – i-“nǚérchá” yaseTàishān yayilungiswa ngamaqabunga esitshalo se-shǔlǐ (鼠李, i-buckthorn, Rhamnus spp.), hhayi nge-Camellia. Itiye lesimanje empeleni “liwukuzalwa kabusha” kwegama lasendulo ngesimo esisha.
Ujenene owayengumtshali wetiye. Ngawo-1930, uFéng Yùxiáng (冯玉祥), omunye wabaholi bezempi abakhulu beRiphabhlikhi yaseShayina, lapho eseseTàishān, wayephupha ngokuhambisa izihlahla zetiye zase ningizimu ezintabeni ezisenyakatho, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bangaleso sikhathi bungazange bukwazi ukukwenza. Umbono wakhe wafezeka kuphela ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
Amaqabunga agidayo. Enye yezici ezibonwayo eziyingqayizivele: lapho kugalizwa engilazini, amaqabunga aqala ehlela phansi, bese eshintsha umbala kusuka omnyama aye koluhlaza ogqamile futhi ayavuleka, okwenza umphumela “wamantombazane agidayo” – nakho okuhlukile okuchaza igama elithi “itiye lamadodakazi.”
Itiye elisenyakatho kakhulu. ITàishān ingelinye lamaphethelo asenyakatho kakhulu okutshalwa kwetiye okusebenza ngenzuzo eShayina (cishe 36°N). Ububanzi bendawo obuphakeme busho ubusika obude bokuhlala, isizini emfishane kodwa enamandla yokukhula, nokuhlangana okungavamile kwezinga lama-amino acid nama-phenol.
Udumo lwemibhalo. Bambalwa amatiye endawo angaqhosha ngokubalulwa kwenye “yezincwadi ezine ezinkulu” (四大名著, Sì Dà Míngzhù) zemibhalo yaseShayina. Ukuvela kwe-nǚérchá “Ephusheni Endlini Ebomvu” kuyifake endaweni yenkumbulo yezwe.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:

Láoshān Lǜchá (崂山绿茶, Láoshān Lǜchá): Elinye itiye eliluhlaza elidume laseShandong, elivela endaweni yaseQīngdǎo. Womabili amatiye – “angasenyakatho,” anokugqama kweqabunga kanye nesimo se-cashew nut. Itiye laseLáoshān ngokuvamile linokunambitheka okugqamile “kwebhontshisi” (peanut) kanye nomzimba ominyene kancane. ElaseTàishān – lithambile, ligxile ebumnandini obuhlanzekile be-cashew nut.
Rìzhào Lǜchá (日照绿茶, Rìzhào Lǜchá): Itiye eliluhlaza elikhulu kunawo wonke ngobungako eShandong. Litshalwa ogwini, lapho isimo sezulu sinomoya opholile. Isimo sifana – iphunga le-cashew nut, iqabunga eliminyene, – kodwa itiye laseRìzhào liqumbekile kancane futhi alikwazanga ukuba “ngentaba” ngesimo.
Xìnyáng Máojiān (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Itiye eliluhlaza elidume lesifundazwe saseHenan – nalo “eliseningizimu” ngokwezinga laseShayina. Iqabunga elincanyana, elinamaphuzu, ukusha okuvelele nokuphunga kwezimbali. ITàishān Nǚ Ér Chá – iminyene futhi “ine-cashew” ngokweqile, inciphisa ukuba nezimbali.
Xīhú Lóngjǐng (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): Uhlobo lwe-“Tàishān Lóngxíng” luqonde ngqo kuLóngjǐng ngobuchwepheshe (ukuma okuyisicaba). Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lwaseTàishān lugqamile ngeqabunga, ngesimo esinokunyakaziswa okungaphelele, futhi iphunga le-cashew nut ligqame esikhundleni sokuqumbeka kwephunga leLóngjǐng elinobhontshisi nezimbali.

Ekuphetheni:

ITàishān Nǚ Ér Chá itiye elinesimilo, elingalindelekile emazweni asenyakatho futhi libaluleke kakhulu. Alizami ukuncintisana nobuhle bomlando wamatiye aluhlaza aseningizimu – kunalokho linikeza lokho abangenakho: iphunga le-cashew nut elijulile, elifudumele, iqabunga eligqamile, “elinyama”, ukumelana okumangalisayo nokuphinda ugaleze izikhathi eziningi, kanye nesimilo sokuqina kokunambitheka esiyingqayizivele, okufinyelela ukuvuthwa kwako ekugaliseni kwesithathu nesesine. Leli tiye liyindlela enhle kulabo abazisa amatiye aluhlaza aminyene, agcwele ngaphandle kokuqumbeka, futhi kulabo abafuna ukuthinta omunye wemilando emnandi kakhulu yetiye eShayina – umlando lapho intaba engcwele, inganekwane yemibhalo, kanye nobungcweti besayensi yezolimo besimanje kuhlangene ndawonye.