Táichá 23 Hào Qíyùn Báichá

Táichá 23 Hào Qíyùn Báichá iwati elimhlophe laseThailand lesizukulwane esisha, elikhiqizwe kusetshenziswa i-cultivar TTES №23 “Qíyùn” (祁韻, “Umculo WaseQimen”), eyathuthukiswa kusukela ezinhlamvu zetiye elibomvu elidumile laseShayina i-Qímén (Keemun). Naphezu kokuba umlando wayo uvela “etiye elibomvu”, le cultivar ikhombise amandla avelele ekuqalisweni kwetiye elimhlophe, ivula iphrofayili eyinkimbinkimbi enezimbali nezithelo nobumnandi obuhloniphekile — omunye wabameleli abagqamile ‘bokuvuselelwa kwetiye’ kwaseThailand.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nomdabu:

• Uhlobo: Itiye elimhlophe (elivutshelwe kancane, izinga le-oxidation lingaphansi kuka-12%).
• Isigaba: Itiye elimhlophe laseThailand elingumklamo elisuselwa ku-cultivar yamahlamvu amancane yetiye elibomvu. Umkhiqizo oyingcosana onomkhawulo omkhulu kakhulu wokukhiqizwa.
• I-cultivar: TTES №23 (臺茶23號, Táichá 23 Hào), igama layo lezentengiselwano — Qíyùn (祁韻, Qíyùn). Uhlobo lwamahlamvu amancane lwe-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, olwathuthukiswa kusukela ezinhlamvu zezitshalo zase-Qímén (祁門, Qímén), esifundazweni sase-Anhui, e-China.
• Indabuko: I-Thailand, isifunda sase-Nantou (南投縣, Nántóu Xiàn). Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza — idolobhana lase-Mingjian (名間鄉, Míngjiān Xiāng) kanye nezindawo ezizungezile zase-Yuchi (魚池鄉, Yúchí Xiāng).
• Izixhumanisi zendawo: ~23.84° enyakatho, 120.70° empumalanga (indawo yase-Mingjian).

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando: Umlando we-cultivar TTES №23 uqala ngonyaka we-1938 (unyaka wama-27 we-Era Shōwa), lapho uProfesa Ryō Yamamoto (山本亮, Yamamoto Ryō) wase-Taihoku Imperial University (台北帝國大學, Táiběi Dìguó Dàxué) eletha izinhlamvu ezivela endaweni yetiye yase-Qímén esifundazweni sase-Anhui wazidlulisela esiteshini sokuhlola setiye elibomvu e-Yuchi (臺灣總督府中央研究所魚池紅茶試驗支所), manje osekuyigatsha lase-Yuchi le-Taiwan Tea Research and Extension Station (TRES 魚池分場). Izinhlamvu ze-Qímén zakhethelwa ukwakha itiye elibomvu laseThailand elalikwazi ukuqhudelana nezindinganiso zomhlaba. Amashumishumi eminyaka, isiteshi saqala ukubhekisisa nokwenza umsebenzi wokuhlola. Ngo-2001–2002, kusukela ezintweni ezazigciniwe kwakhethwa umugqa onamandla “Qí Bàn 1” (祁辦1), owabonisa izici eziphakeme kakhulu. Ngo-2015–2017, kwenziwa izivivinyo zokuqhathanisa ne-cultivar yokuqhathanisa i-Qīngxīn Wūlóng (青心烏龍, Qīngxīn Wūlóng), zaqinisekisa ukwedlula kohlobo olusha ngezindlela eziningi. Ngonyaka we-2018 (unyaka we-107 weRiphabhulikhi), le cultivar yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni ngenombolo TTES №23. Igama lezentengiselwano “Qíyùn” (祁韻, “Umculo WaseQimen” / “Inhlokomo Yase-Qímén”) lakhethwa ngokuvota emcimbini wokugubha, owawenzelwe iminyaka engu-116 ye-TRES ngomhla ka-18 Meyi 2019, lanqoba phakathi kwezinketho ezine — “Hóngyuè” (紅悅), “Qí Yù” (祁玉), “Qíyùn” (祁韻) kanye no-“Hóng Qí” (紅祁).

  Nakuba i-cultivar yadalelwa ukukhiqiza itiye elibomvu, ukucutshungulwa kwamahlamvu amancane nezinhlumela ngobucwepheshe betiye elimhlophe kuveze amandla ayo acebile kulesi sigaba. Itiye elimhlophe le-Qíyùn lasheshe lazitholela ukuqashelwa phakathi kwabathandi betiye ngenxa yephrofayili yalo enhle yezimbali nezithelo.

• Igama: “Táichá 23 Hào” (臺茶23號) — “Itiye LaseThailand Inombolo 23”, inombolo yokubhalisa ye-cultivar. “Qíyùn” (祁韻) — “Umculo WaseQimen” noma “Inhlokomo Yase-Qímén”: uhlamvu “Qí” (祁) lubhekisa e-Qimen — indawo yendabuko yezinhlamvu zabazali, kanti u-“Yùn” (韻) usho “umculo”, “isigqi”, “ukunambitheka okuseleyo emlonyeni” — umqondo osemqoka kubuhle be-Taiwanese tea, okhomba ukujula nokuphindaphinda kokunambitheka. “Báichá” (白茶) — “itiye elimhlophe”.

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Qíyùn Báichá imele igagasi elisha lokuvuselelwa kwetiye laseThailand — ushintsho kusuka ekukhiqizweni ngobuningi kuya ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo eyingqayizivele, enekhwalithi ephezulu eyinsakavukela. Leli tiye lihlanganisa umqondo wokudluliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ngaphesheya kwamazwekazi: izinhlamvu ze-Qímén yase-China, ngemuva kwamashumishumi eminyaka yokukhethwa kwaseThailand, zithole ubuyena obusha ngokuphelele. Umthamo wonyaka wokukhiqizwa kwetiye elimhlophe le-Qíyùn mncane kakhulu — cishe amakhilogremu angu-200, okukwenza libe ngelinye lamatheyi aseThailand ayivelakancane kakhulu.

3. Incazelo Yesayensi Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

• I-cultivar: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, i-cultivar TTES №23 (Qíyùn). Uhlobo lwesihlahla esinamahlamvu amancane (灌木型, guànmù xíng), siphakathi ngobude, sinokukhula okubheke phezulu kwamahlumela. Sinamandla amakhulu okukhula kwezitshalo, ukuminyana okuphezulu kwezinhlumela kanye nomkhiqizo ophakeme ngeyunithi yendawo. Siphawuleka ngokumelana ngokuphawulekayo nezifo nesomiso.
• I-morphology: Amahlumela afinyelela ukuphakama okungafika ku-120 cm. Amaqabunga avuthiwe amade-elliptic, anobude obungu-8–10 cm, ububanzi obungu-3–4 cm, anomphetho osikeke kancane kanye nokuminyana okunyakazayo, anombala ophaphathekile ompunga-luhlaza. Amahlumela amancane anomumo ogqamile wokuhlehlela kokugqoka okumhlophe-ophuzi-bomvu; izinhlumela zimbozwe kakhulu ubulembu obuyisiliva (i-trichomes) obukhulu obungafika ku-0.2 mm — uphawu olubalulekile lwezinto zokusetshenziswa kwetiye elimhlophe lezinga eliphezulu. Ukuvuka kwentwasahlobo kwenzeka cishe emasontweni ama-2 ngaphambili kune-cultivar yokuqhathanisa i-Qīngxīn Wūlóng.
• Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Kusetshenziswa kuphela isivuno sokuqala sasentwasahlobo — “singaphambi kwe-Qingming” (明前, Míngqián, ngaphambi komkhosi we-Qingming). Isikhathi sokuvuna — ukuphela kukaFebhuwari — ekuqaleni kukaMashi (endaweni yase-Nantou — ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli). Izinga lokuvuna — amahlamvu amancane aqoqwe ngesandla (inhlumela neqabunga elilodwa noma amabili amancane aphezulu) anobude obungeqi ku-4 cm, ngaphandle kokulimala kwemishini. Isilinganiso esikahle sezinhlumela kumaqabunga amancane — cishe 70/30 ngenqwaba. Umkhiqizo ophelayo — cishe u-25% esisindweni sezinto eziqoqiwe ezintsha.

4. Indawo, Umhlabathi, kanye Nezici Zokutshala:

• Isifunda: Idolobhana lase-Mingjian (名間鄉), isifunda sase-Nantou, enkabeni ye-Thailand. Futhi kuyatshalwa ezindaweni ezizungezile zase-Yuchi nasezifundeni eziseduze.
• Ukuphakama: 300–350 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
• Inhlabathi: I-red soil ene-acidic (pH 4.5–5.5), eyakheke phezu kwezinsalela ezithwele i-granite zomfula i-Zhuóshuǐ Xī (濁水溪, Zhuóshuǐ Xī) — umfula omkhulu kunayo yonke e-Thailand. Le nhlabathi inikeza ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, okuphakathi nendawo okuqukethe izinto eziphilayo kanye nephrofayili ethile yamaminerali, enomthelela ekunambithekeni kwetiye.
• Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical, ngezulu elinemvula eningi (~1800 mm/ngonyaka, okuphezulu ezinyangeni zasehlobo) kanye nezinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo ~21°C. Isici esiyingqayizivele — inkungu eminyene futhi eningi (izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-150 ngonyaka), ebambezela ukukhula kwezihlahla zetiye, inciphise izinga le-photosynthesis futhi ifake isandla ekwandeni kwama-amino acid nezinto ezinephunga emahlumeleni amancane. Umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku uba ngu-8–10°C, uqhubeka ukhuthaza izinqubo ze-biochemical emaqabungeni.
• Izici: Izihlahla zetiye zitshalwa ngaphansi kwethunzi elakhiwe ukutshalwa kwemvelo kwama-camellia nezinye izihlahla, okulingisa izimo zokukhula kwehlathi zetiye lasendle futhi kufake isandla ekwandeni kwe-L-theanine. Kusetshenziswa umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo (umquba), nakuba ipulazi lingase lingabi naso isitifiketi esisemthethweni sezinto eziphilayo. Uphayona wokutshala i-TTES №23 ngenhloso yokwenza itiye elimhlophe ungumlimi ogama lakhe lingu-Yú (余), olungisa ngaphansi kwehektha eli-0.5 yamasimu ale cultivar. Ukutholakala kwamasimu empumlweni yomfula i-Zhuóshuǐ Xī kunikeza umthombo ozinzile wamanzi, kanti inkungu yasemfuleni iqhubeka nivikela amahlumela amancane emisebeni eqondile yelanga, okuyisici esibalulekile sekhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa kwetiye elimhlophe.

5. Ubucwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubucwepheshe buqondiswe ekugcinweni okuphelele kwesimo sangempela nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali eqabunga ngokungenelela okuncane. Umgomo oyinhloko — “ukungasonteki, ukungagazingi” (不揉不炒, bù róu bù chǎo).

• Ukushisa ngelanga (日光萎凋, rìguāng wěidiāo): Amaqabunga aqoqiwe andlalwa ngokusobala (≤5 cm) ngaphansi kwelanga elihlakazekile ezingeni lokushisa elingaba ngu-~28°C isikhathi esingaba yimizuzu engu-45, kuze kube yilapho umswakama wehlela cishe ku-~65%. Lesi sigaba siqala izinqubo zokuqala ze-oxidation futhi sakha isisekelo sephrofayili yephunga.
• Ukushisa endlini (室內萎凋, shìnèi wěidiāo): Itiye lihanjiswa likhefana nendawo enezinga lokushisa elilawulwayo (~25°C) nomswakama (~85%), lapho liqhubeka nokushisa nokuhamba emishinini ejikelezayo yoqalo lwesikhathi esingaba amahora angu-18. Ukuhlikihla okuncane kwemishini kuqinisekisa ukushisa okulinganayo. Inqubo iyayekwa lapho izinga le-oxidation lama-polyphenol lifinyelela ngaphansi kuka-12%.
• Ukomisa (烘乾, hōnggān): Itiye likomiswa kabili ngomoya oshisayo ezingeni lokushisa elingaba ngu-~105°C kuze kufinyelelwe umswakama wokugcina ongekho ngaphezu kuka-5%. Ukomiswa okuphindwe kabili kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokunambitheka ngesikhathi sokugcinwa nokuqedwa ngokuphelele kwezinqubo ze-enzymatic.
• Ukungabikho kokusonteka: Isici esiyisisekelo — ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwesigaba sokusonteka (揉捻, róuniǎn), okuvumela ukugcinwa kobuqotho beqabunga, izinhlumela ezisiliva kanye nenani elikhulu lobulembu.
• Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi: Iqembu ngalinye lihlolwa kwi-laboratory ngokuhlola izinga lama-catechin (okumele kube ngaphezu kuka-18% wesisindo esomile) ngendlela ye-IR spectroscopy. Lokhu kuqinisekisa okuphakeme okuzinzile kwezinto eziphilayo ezinomsebenzi omuhle.

6. Izici Zezwa:

• Isimo seqabunga elomile: Izinhlumela ezingasontekile, eziphelele, ezimise okwenaliti ezinombala osiliva-oluhlaza ezinobude obuyi-15 mm, nenani elincane lezingcezu eziphukile. Ubulembu obusiliva — buningi futhi bubonakala kahle.
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Eliyinkimbinkimbi, elinezinga eliphezulu. Amaphuzu aphambili abandakanya i-jasmine notshani obusha basemadlelweni (timothy-grass), agcizelelwe umbala omuhle wamaminerali, okhumbuza iphunga le-granite emanzi ngemuva kwemvula. Emaqabungeni avuthiwe ale cultivar kuphawulwa futhi nemibala yokhuni ne-citrus, kodwa ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kwetiye elimhlophe ezivela ezinhlumeleni zokuqala kugqame ibanga lezimbali.
• Iphunga lotshwala: Lithuthukisa futhi lijulise amaphuzu ezimbali eqabunga elomile — i-jasmine, i-magnolia, imibala emincane yezithelo. Lapho kuphola, kuvela amaphuzu e-apula elisha (uhlobo lwe-“Fuji”), i-tulip kanye noju lwezimbali.
• Ukunambitheka: Okunenkalo eziningi, okuvela ngamagagasi. Igagasi lokuqala — ubumnandi bezimbali be-magnolia obunesisekelo esincane samaminerali. Ingxenye ephakathi — imibala ye-nutty-creamy ye-hazelnut, ukuthungwa okuthambile. Ukuphetha — ubuhlungu obuncane bempande ye-ginger kanye nokuncibilika okuhloniphekile, okukhumbuza i-persimmon engavuthiwe. Ukuthungwa — kuhle, kuyasonga, nobukhulu obubonakalayo betiye elimhlophe. Ukunambitheka okuseleyo emlonyeni (回甘, huígān) — kude, kunemibala emnandi yezimbali noju.
• Umbala wotshwala: Okusobala, okuphuzi okukhazimulayo, okunokukhanya okuncane okusagolide.
• Iphansi letiye (葉底, yèdǐ): Amaqabunga aphelele, anwebekayo kanye nezinhlumela ezinombala oluhlaza okhanyayo, okugcine ukuma kwazo kahle. Ubulembu ezinhumeleni buhlala bubonakala.

7. Amakhemikhali Ayingxenye:

Ukuvuna kusenesikhathi nokucutshungulwa ngobumnene kuqinisekisa okuphakeme ngokweqile kwezinto eziphilayo ezinomsebenzi omuhle:

• Ama-Polyphenol: Okuphakeme okuphezulu kwama-catechin, ikakhulukazi i-EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate) — ~14% wesisindo esomile. Izinga eliphelele lama-catechin — lingaphezu kuka-18% (kuhlolwa kwi-laboratory). Ukuqhathanisa: ku-Fujian Yín Zhēn okuqukethwe yi-EGCG ngokuvamile kuba ngu-8–12%.
• Ama-Amino Acid: Izinga eliphakeme ngokuphawulekayo le-L-theanine — lingaphezu kuka-5% wesisindo esomile, okwedlula kakhulu izilinganiso ezijwayelekile zamatheyi amhlophe. Ukomiswa ngobumnene kuvumela ukugcinwa kwama-amino acid angaphezu kuka-80% avela eqabungeni elisha. Isilinganiso esiphezulu sama-amino acid kuma-polyphenol sinquma ubumnandi obuphawulekayo nokuthamba kokunambitheka.
• Ama-Alkaloid: Okuphakathi nendawo okuqukethwe yi-caffeine — ~2% wesisindo esomile. I-Theobromine ne-theophylline — ngamanani amancane.
• Amavithamini: Okuqukethwe okukhulu kwevithamini C — ngaphezu kuka-150 mg ngegremu elingu-100 lezinto ezomile, okuphakeme kunamanye amatheyi amaningi aluhlaza. Kukhona amavithamini eqembu B.
• Amaminerali: Okuqukethwe yi-fluoride — ~0.03%. I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc. Ukwakheka kwamaminerali kucebiswa ngenxa yezici ezikhethekile ze-red soil ethwele izinsalela emfuleni i-Zhuóshuǐ Xī.
• Izinhlanganisela ezinephunga: Ukucutshungulwa kwetiye elimhlophe kuvumela ukuvezwa okugcwele kwephunga le-Qíyùn elihlukile — ibanga lezinhlanganisela eziguquguqukayo lihlanganisa i-linalool (amaphuzu ezimbali), i-nerolidol (imibala yezithelo), i-benzyl acetate (i-jasmine), kanye nemibala ephawulekayo efana neyefa lezakhi zofuzo lase-Qimen, eyakha ingaphambili elaziwayo “elifana neSri Lankan” lephunga.

8. Izinzuzo Zempilo:

• Umthelela we-Antioxidant: Umsebenzi ophezulu we-antioxidant — inkomba ye-ORAC engaba ngu-980 µmol TE/g, okudlula amanani emikhiqizo eminingi ngokwesiko ebhekwa “njenge-superfood” (ama-blueberries, i-pomegranate). I-EGCG inikeza ukuncipha okuphawulekayo kwama-free radical.
• Ukuphathwa kwezinga likashukela egazini: Amandla okuvimba i-enzyme i-alpha-amylase angaba nomthelela ekubambezeleni ukuhlukaniswa kwesitashi kanye nokwehlisa izinga le-glucose ngemuva kokudla. Kubalulekile ekuvikeleni i-metabolic syndrome.
• Umthelela wokuvikela imizwa: Ucwaningo lokuqala lubonisa ukuvikelwa okungenzeka kwamaseli ezinzwa ngenhlanganisela ye-L-theanine nama-polyphenol, okungaba nomthelela ekuvikeleni izimo zokwehla kwezinzwa.
• Umphumela wokuphumula ngaphandle kokozela: Okuphakeme okuqukethwe yi-L-theanine (>5%) okusiza ekukhiqizweni kwama-alpha wave ebuchosheni, okunikeza isimo “sokuqaphela okuzolile” — ukugxilisa ingqondo okuphumule ngaphandle komphumela wokunciphisa.
• Ukusekela amasosha omzimba: Ama-catechin, ama-polysaccharide kanye nevithamini C ndawonye anomphumela wokuqinisa jikelele nowokuvuselela amasosha omzimba.
• Umphumela omuhle esikhunjeni: Okuphakeme okuqukethwe kwevithamini C nama-antioxidant polyphenol kusiza ekukhiqizweni kwe-collagen nasekuvikeleni isikhumba emonakalweni we-ultraviolet.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingakhipha ubuhlungu obungadingekile futhi libhubhise izinhlanganisela ezinephunga ezintekenteke.
• Inani letiye: 3–5 g ngamanzi angu-150–200 ml.
• Isitsha: I-gaiwan yobumba (蓋碗, gàiwǎn) — ukukhetha okuhle, okuvumela ukulawula isikhathi sokuphisa nokubukela ukuvuleka kwamaqabunga. Ithayi lengilazi nalo liyakwamukeleka. Azinconywa izitsha zobumba ezingakhazwanga, ezimunca iphunga elintekenteke.
• Amanzi: Athambile, ahlungiwe, anomthamo omncane wamaminerali.
• Inqubo:
  1. Shisisa isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo.
  2. Thela itiye, vumela izinhlumela zifudumale imizuzwana engu-10–15.
  3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — imizuzwana engu-15–20, kuthelwe. Lokhu kuwukugeza (洗茶, xǐ chá): kuvusa iqabunga futhi kususe izinhlayiya ezincane zobulembu.
  4. Ukuphisa kwesibili — imizuzwana engu-45–60. Jabulela igagasi lokuqala lephunga.
  5. Ukuphisa okulandelayo — ngokwandisa kancane kancane isikhathi sokuphisa ngemizuzwana engu-10–15 ngakunye.
  6. Itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuphisa oku-5–7. Ukunambitheka kuguqukela kusuka ezimbalini-jasmine kuya emantongomane nasejusi.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Kugcinwe ekupakisheni okuvalekile, okungabonakali, endaweni eyomile, epholile, kude nemikhiqizo enephunga elinamandla kanye nemisebe eqondile yelanga. Umswakama ofanele — ongeqi ku-45%.
• Njengamanye amatheyi amhlophe, linamandla okuguga: ngokugcinwa okufanele (ukupakisha okuvalekile, izinga lokushisa elizinzile lika-15–25°C, ukuvikelwa emswakameni) itiye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lithola imibala ejulile yoju neyezithelo ezomisiwe.
• Ukugcina iphrofayili entsha, enezimbali kuyanconywa ukuthi igcinwe esiqandisini (0–5°C) ekupakisheni okuvalekile futhi idliwe ngonyaka wokuqala.
• Lapho kugugiswa (ukusuka onyakeni owodwa kuye emihlanu) — kugcinwe endaweni eyomile enomoya ogelezayo ngaphandle kokuguquka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa; kulindeleke ukuthi kuqiniswe amaphuzu oju kanye nawamantongomane kuyilapho kuncibilikiswa awezimbali. Abanye abanolwazi baphawula ukuthi ukugugiswa konyaka kuvumela i-Qíyùn Báichá ukuthi iveze ukujula okwengeziwe kokunambitheka, lapho ukukhanya okukhulu kwamaphuzu ezimbali kuguqukela kusimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, “esasekwindla” esinamaphuzu ezithelo ezomisiwe ne-castane. Kodwa-ke inani eliyinhloko laleli tiye — kuyiphrofayili entsha, yasentwasahlobo, futhi iningi labathandi likhetha ukulidla ngonyaka wokuqala.

11. Intengo kanye Namampunge:

• Isigaba sentengo: Okuphakeme ngokwedlulele. Ngenxa yomthamo omncane kakhulu wokukhiqiza (~200 kg/ngonyaka), ukuqoqwa ngesandla kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu intengo idlula kakhulu izindleko zamanye amatheyi amhlophe aseThailand kanye namanye ama-oolong amaningi. Intengo yokudayisa — kusukela ku-60 kuya ku-120+ USD ngegremu elingu-100, kuya ngeqembu nomzila wokuthengisa.
• Izinto zentengo: Ubuncane obudlulele be-cultivar (ngaphansi kwehektha elingu-0.5 amasimu kumkhiqizi onguphayona), umsebenzi wezandla, amaqembu amancane kakhulu, ubusha bohlobo, ikhwalithi elawulwayo ngokuhlolwa kwe-laboratory.
• Indlela yokugwema amampunge:
  • Thenga kuphela kubahlinzeki abaqinisekisiwe abayizingcweti abanobudlelwano obuqondile nabalimi baseThailand. Esigabeni samanje, umbuthano wabakhiqizi betiye elimhlophe le-Qíyùn mncane kakhulu.
  • Cela imininingwane yendabuko: ukukhomba indawo yase-Mingjian noma yase-Yuchi, isifunda sase-Nantou.
  • Hlola isimo sangaphandle: izinhlumela eziphelele, ezingasontekile, eziluhlaza-okhusiliva ezinobulembu obuningi. Ukuba khona kwezingcezu eziphukile noma amaqabunga asontekiwe kukhombisa ukungelona iqiniso noma ukushintshwa.
  • Hlola iphunga nokunambitheka: amaphuzu aphawulekayo e-jasmine, otshani basemadlelweni kanye nokwaminerali; ukungabikho kwezimpawu ze-menthol (umehluko ku-TTES №18) kanye namaphuzu entuthu.
  • Qaphela ukushintshwa kwamanye amatheyi amhlophe aseThailand noma ase-China atholakala kalula.

12. Iqiniso Elihehayo:

• Uhlu lwezakhi zofuzo lwe-Qíyùn lubonisa umlando oyinkimbinkimbi wokukhethwa kwetiye: izinhlamvu ze-Qímén, ezaqoqwa nguprofesa wase-Japan ngo-1938 endaweni yesifundazwe sase-Anhui e-China, zalethwa e-Thailand, lapho ngemuva kweminyaka engu-80 yomsebenzi wokukhetha zanikeza impilo i-cultivar entsha ngokuphelele, ekhiqiza itiye elimhlophe — isigaba esingazange sibe yisici ngokomlando se-Qímén noma sase-Thailand.
• Naphezu kokuba umdabu “wetiye elibomvu”, ekucutshungulweni kwetiye elimhlophe i-Qíyùn iveza ibanga lephunga, elihlanganisa amaphuzu e-apula le-Fuji, i-tulip, i-sandalwood, i-plum eluhlaza, uju lwezimbali, i-bay leaf kanye ne-violet — iphalethi engakwazi ukutholakala ngokuvutshelwa okuphelele.
• Emqhudelwaneni wamagama ezentengiselwano we-TTES №23 inketho ethi “Qíyùn” yanqoba i-“Hóng Qí” (紅祁), i-“Hóngyuè” (紅悅) ne-“Qí Yù” (祁玉). Ukukhethwa kohlamvu “韻” (yùn — umculo, inhlokomo, ukunambitheka okuseleyo emlonyeni) kugcizelela ukuma ngokobuhle kwendawo yokutshala itiye yaseThailand, lapho umqondo othi “yùn” ungesinye sezici eziphakeme kakhulu zetiye.
• I-TRES ekuqaleni yayibeka i-TTES №23 njenge-cultivar yetiye elibomvu “yezikhathi ezine zonyaka” (一年四季均可產製高香型紅茶): ingavunwa futhi icutshungulwe unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke ukwenzela itiye elimhlophe kusetshenziswa kuphela izinto zokusetshenziswa zasentwasahlobo yokuqala, okuqhubeka kukhawulela umthamo wokukhiqiza.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatheyi Amhlophe:

• Táichá 18 Hào Hóngyù Báichá (臺茶18號紅玉白茶): Itiye elimhlophe laseThailand elivela ku-hybrid enamaqabunga amakhulu i-TTES №18. Iphrofayili egqamile ye-menthol-camphor, ubumnandi bezithelo, ukuthungwa okunamafutha. I-Qíyùn, ngokuphambene, inezimbali, iyabukeka, inesisekelo samaminerali futhi ingenayo imibala ye-menthol. Uma i-Hóngyù ingeyokungavamile nobuntu, i-Qíyùn ingeyobuhle nobunzulu.
• Bái Háo Yín Zhēn yase-Fuding (福鼎白毫銀針): Isibonelo sase-Fujian sezinaliti ezisiliva. Entsha, inamaminerali, inamaphuzu e-bamboo kanye nehaystack. I-Qíyùn ihluke ngobumnandi bezimbali obuphawulekayo, imibala yamantongomane kanye nomlingiswa “ofudumele” jikelele, kuyilapho i-Fuding Yín Zhēn “ipholile” futhi imfushane.
• Qíyùn Hóng Chá (祁韻紅茶): Itiye elibomvu elivela e-cultivar efanayo ye-TTES №23 — umkhiqizo oyinhloko, okwakudalelwe lona lohlobo. Luvutshelwe ngokuphelele, lunamanzi anombala osawolintshi-bomvu, amaphuzu amnandi ezimbali nezithelo kanye nokuncibilika okulinganiselwe. Ngokwesichazelo esisemthethweni se-TRES, itiye elibomvu le-Qíyùn “linamanzi asawolintshi-bomvu, acwebezelayo nakhazimulayo, iphunga elihle elinamaphuzu ezimbali ezimnandi nezithelo, ukunambitheka okumnandi-okunothile nokuncibilika okuhle”. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yetiye elimhlophe — linomfutho omkhulu, liquidsa ngokusobala, kodwa “alinaso isibhakabhaka” futhi alinayo ingxenye yezimpawu ezintekenteke zezimbali, ezilondolozwa ukucutshungulwa okuncane.
• Yúnnán Dàlǐ Chá Yín Zhēn (云南大理茶銀針): Itiye elimhlophe elivela ku-C. taliensis yasendle. Lithambile ngokwengeziwe futhi “linehlathi” ngomlingiswa, linamaphuzu e-orchid ne-magnolia. I-Qíyùn — liquidsa ngokusobala, inengxenye ephakathi yamantongomane kanye nobuhlungu be-ginger ekupheleni.

14. Izehlakalo Eziphikisayo:

• Ukungabekezeli ngamunye: Njenganoma yiliphi itiye, kungadala ukusabela ngamunye.
• I-Caffeine: Naphezu kokuqukethwe okulinganiselwe (~2%), abantu abazwela kakhulu ku-caffeine, abanokuphazamiseka kokulala noma isigqi senhliziyo kufanele balawule umthamo wokusebenzisa.
• Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa: Kunconyelwa ukubonisana nodokotela; ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe (izinkomishi ezi-1–2 ngosuku) ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengokwamukelekile.
• Ukusebenzisana nemithi: Ama-polyphenol eli tiye angaba nomthelela ekusetshenzweni kwenqwaba yemithi ethile. Lapho uphuza imithi kadokotela kungakuhle ukubonisana nochwepheshe.

Ekuphetheni:

Táichá 23 Hào Qíyùn Báichá — leli itiye lapho kugxile khona wonke umlando nawo wonke amandla okukhetha kwaseThailand. Kusuka ezinhlamvini ze-Qímén edumile, ezalethwa ngusosayensi wase-Japan ngenkathi yobukoloni, ngamashumi ayisishiyagalombili eminyaka yomsebenzi ngesineke — kuya etiyeni elimhlophe, okungekho muntu owayekuhlelile, kodwa olube yisethulo esinobunkondlo kunazo zonke se-cultivar entsha. Ubumnandi bezimbali obuhloniphekile, iphunga elinemigqomo eminingi elinamaphuzu e-jasmine ne-hazelnut, ukunambitheka okuseleyo emlonyeni okude kanye nokuphakeme kakhulu kwezinto ezinempilo kwenza leli tiye libe yisinqumo esifanele kubathandi, abafuna ikhwalithi ephelele nobuqotho obungephindwa enkomeni ngayinye. I-Qíyùn — “umculo” enkomeni, futhi awuhlabelela ngendlela entsha ngokuphelele.