I-Ruby 18 yaseTaiwan · new.thetea.app

I-Hong Yu — “I-Jade Ebomvu” — itiye elibomvu laseTaiwan eliyingqayizivele, elingenakulinganiswa emhlabeni. Idalwe ngokuhlanganisa itiye laseBurma elinamaqabunga amakhulu kanye netiye laseTaiwan lasendle elikhula ezintabeni, le ngxubevange inikeze umhlaba itiye elibomvu elinosayizi wephunga ongakaze ubuye ubonakale: amanothi emvelo esinamoni kanye neminti entsha, angatholakali kolunye itiye emhlabeni. I-Hong Yu iwukuziqhenya kokuhlanganisa kwaseTaiwan, umphumela ophezulu wemizamo yesayensi yengxenye yekhulu leminyaka kanye nophawu oluphambili lwetiye elibomvu laseChibini LeLanga Nenyanga.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (紅茶, hóngchá), elivutshelwe ngokuphelele (i-oxidized). Ngokohlelo lwaseYurophu — itiye elimnyama (black tea).
Isigaba: Amatiye abomvu aseTaiwan. Iwumkhiqizo ophambili wesifunda sase-Riyuetan (日月潭, Rìyuètán — “Ichibi LeLanga Nenyanga”). Futhi yaziwa emhlabeni njenge Sun Moon Lake Black Tea kanye ne Formosa Assam.
Imvelaphi: iTaiwan (台灣, Táiwān), isifunda saseNantou (南投縣, Nántóu Xiàn), idolobha laseYuchi (魚池鄉, Yúchí Xiāng), indawo yechibi iRiyuetan (日月潭). Iphinde itshalwe ezifundeni zaseHualien (花蓮縣, Huālián Xiàn), Taitung (台東縣, Táidōng Xiàn) kanye nePingtung (屏東縣, Píngdōng Xiàn), kodwa itiye elivela eYuchi lithathwa njengelinengqalasizinda ephakeme kakhulu.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe 23°51′ N, 120°54′ E (iRiyuetan).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwesiko:

Umlando:

Umlando wetiye elibomvu eTaiwan uhlobene ngokungahlukaniseki nenkathi yobukholoni baseJapane (1895–1945). Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, abaphathi bamakoloni baseJapane, befuna ukwakha enye indlela yetiye laseNdiya nelaseCeylon, baqala ukungenisa izinhlobo ze-assamica ezinamaqabunga amakhulu (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) zisuka eNdiya ziye eTaiwan. Indawo yeRiyuetan nesimo sayo sezulu esishisayo, inhlabathi evundile, nokuphakama okungaba ngamamitha angu-750 kwakuthathwa njengendawo ekahle kakhulu.

Ngo-1925, abaseJapane basungula Isiteshi Socwaningo Sokuthuthukisa Itiye (茶業改良場魚池分場, Cháyè Gǎiliáng Chǎng Yúchí Fēnchǎng), kamuva esaba i-Research Branch yaseYuchi ngaphansi kwe-Taiwan Tea and Beverage Crops Research Station (茶及飲料作物改良場, Chá jí Yǐnliào Zuòwù Gǎiliáng Chǎng, TBRS). Lesi siteshi saba yindawo yokuzalwa yokuhlanganisa itiye elibomvu laseTaiwan.

Ngesikhathi samaJapane, kwaqala ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo zaseNdiya ze-assamica kanye netiye laseTaiwan lasendle elikhula ezintabeni (Camellia formosensis). Kodwa-ke, uhlelo oluphelele lokuhlanganisa lwathatha amashumi eminyaka. Isitshalo sikamama saba yinhlobo yaseBurma enamaqabunga amakhulu i-B-729 (緬甸大葉種), kanti esobaba — itiye laseTaiwan lasendle elikhula ezintabeni i-B-607 (台灣野生山茶). Umphumela wokuhlanganisa kwaba ingxubevange ehlanganisa ukukhiqiza nobukhulu bamaqabunga e-Assamica namakhono awodwa ephunga elimnandi nokuqina kwetiye laseTaiwan lasendle.

Ngo-1999 (unyakawesi-88 weRiphabhuliki), ingxubevange yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni futhi yaqanjwa ngokuthi Tai Cha No. 18 (台茶18號, Tái Chá Shíbā Hào), kanye negama lobunkondlo Hong Yu (紅玉, Hóng Yù — “I-Jade Ebomvu”). Kusukela ekucabangeni kuze kufike ekubhalisweni ngokusemthethweni kwadlula iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 — isikhathi eside kakhulu sokuhlanganisa.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000, i-Hong Yu yanqoba ngokushesha imakethe yaseTaiwan yasekhaya, kwase kuba ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele. Iphrofayili yayo yephunga elimnandi (isinamoni + iminti) yadala umuzwa omkhulu emhlabeni wetiye. Ngeminyaka yawo-2010, i-Hong Yu yaba elinye lamatiye aseTaiwan aziwa kakhulu emibukisweni yamazwe ngamazwe, ikakhulukazi eJapan, eYurophu nase-USA.

Igama:
- Hong Yu (紅玉) — “I-Jade Ebomvu”. Leli gama limele izimfanelo ezimbili: “okubomvu” (紅) — umbala woketshezi, kuthi “i-jade” (玉) — inani nokuhlanzeka.
- Tai Cha No. 18 (台茶18號) — inombolo yokuhlanganisa esemthethweni eklonyeliswe i-Taiwan Tea Research and Extension Station. Le nombolo isho ukuthi lena ingxubevange ye-18 eyabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni yilesi sikhungo.
- Formosa Assam — igama lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle elingokomlando, elibhekisela “isiQhingi Esihle” (i-Formosa — igama lesiPutukezi leTaiwan) kanye nemvelaphi ye-assam yemishanguzo. Leli gama selisetshenziswa kancane, ngoba i-Hong Yu ayiyona inhlobo ye-assam ehlanzekile, kodwa iyingxubevange.
Ukubaluleka kwesiko:

I-Hong Yu iwitiye eliyisibonakaliso: isibonakaliso sokubona kude kwesayensi (isigamu sekhulu kusukela ekucabangeni kuze kube umphumela), isibonakaliso sobunikazi baseTaiwan (ukuhlangana kwezakhi zofuzo ezingenisiwe zaseNdiya nezomdabu zaseTaiwan), kanye nesibonakaliso sesifunda saseRiyuetan, lapho umnotho walo nokukhangaza kwezokuvakasha kuncike kakhulu kuleli tiye. I-Riyuetan — iyichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke emvelweni eTaiwan futhi ingenye yezindawo eziheha izivakashi eziyinhloko esiqhingini; amasimu etiye e-Hong Yu osebeni lwayo aseyingxenye yendawo yesiko.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Inhlobo / Ingxubevange: Tai Cha No. 18 (台茶18號) — ingxubevange yetiye laseBurma elinamaqabunga amakhulu (B-729, Camellia sinensis var. assamica) kanye netiye laseTaiwan lasendle elikhula ezintabeni (B-607, Camellia formosensis). Izici zezitshalo (ngokusho kwe-TBRS):
- Isimo: Isihlahla esime siqubele (直立型喬木, zhílì xíng qiáomù), uhlobo lwamaqabunga amakhulu.
- Amaqabunga: Ama-elliptical, amakhulu, amaqabunga avuthiwe aluhlaza okumnyama anomsoco onsomi ophawulekayo.
- Amandla: Aluhlaza ngokuphaphathekile, uboya buyindlala (茸毛稀), uboya obumhlophe abukho ngokuphelele — lokhu kuhlukanisa i-Hong Yu kumatiye amaningi abomvu anamaqabunga amakhulu.
- Uhlobo lokuvuthwa: Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi (早生種, zǎo shēng zhǒng).
- Ukuqina: Ukuqina okuphakathi nendawo ekungeneni kwezifo nezinambuzane; ukuqina okuphezulu ekusweleni kwamanzi (抗旱性強) — okuyifa letiye laseTaiwan lasendle oluyise.
- Ukuvumelana nezimo: Isebenza kahle kakhulu endaweni yaseYuchi (600–800 m), kodwa iphinde ivumelane nezindawo eziphansi.
Ezinye izingxubevange zetiye elibomvu laseRiyuetan:
- Tai Cha No. 8 (台茶8號): Ehlanganiswe ngesisekelo senhlobo ye-assam yaseJaipur (India). Inikeza iphrofayili evamile “ye-assam” enamanothi esokisi nokubabayo, ngaphandle kwephunga eliqhamuka emintini nasesinamoni.
- Tai Cha No. 21 (台茶21號, “Hong Yun”, 紅韻): Ingxubevange yakamuva (2008), enamaphunga e-citrus flower nerose.
- Itiye laseTaiwan lasendle elikhula ezintabeni (台灣山茶, Táiwān Shānchá): Alisetshenziswa kangako lingenayo into; linikeza iphrofayili enentshisekelo kodwa engabikezelwa.
Ukuqoqwa: Kuyenzeka unyaka wonke ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaphansi kwe-subtropical yaseYuchi, kodwa izinto ezingcono kakhulu zivela ekuqoqweni kwasehlobo (夏茶), okuyinto engavamile: kumatiye amaningi, ihlobo liyisikhathi sekhwalithi ephansi, kodwa izinhlobo ze-assamica ezinamaqabunga amakhulu ziqongelela inani eliphezulu lezinto eziphunga elimnandi phakathi nezinyanga ezishisayo.
Izinga lokuqoqwa: Kungaba ngeyodwa i- bud namaqabunga amabili noma amathathu angaphezulu (一芽二、三葉). Ukuqoqwa ngesandla kwezigaba eziphakeme.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshalwa:

IRiyuetan (日月潭): Ichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke emvelweni eTaiwan, elisenkabeni yezintaba ezisenyakatho yesiqhingi ekuphakameni okungamamitha angu-748 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Igama likhombisa ukuma kwechibi: umkhakha osenyakatho ufana nelanga (日), bese umkhakha oseningizimu ufana nenyanga eyisicaba (月). Inqwaba yamanzi echibini idala isimo sezulu esincane, inciphisa ukwehluka kwamazinga okushisa emva kwesikhathi nangesizini, futhi iqinisekisa umswakama ozinzile.
Ukuphakama lapho kutshalwa khona: Amasimu amakhulu e-Hong Yu atholakala ekuphakameni okungamamitha angu-600–800 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Lokhu kuphansi kunalapho kutholakala khona ama-oolong aphakeme (1000+ m), kodwa kuphakeme kunamatiye amaningi abomvu asemathafeni.
Inhlabathi: Izindlwana ezibomvu (紅壤), ezikhipha amanzi kahle, ezinothe ngezinto eziphilayo nezamaminerali. Imvelaphi yentaba-mlilo yenhlabathi inikeza iphrofayili eyingqayizivele yamaminerali.
Isimo sezulu: Sise-subtropical monsoon esinezici zasentabeni. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo lingu-20–22°C. Imvula iningi — ngaphezu kuka-2500 mm ngonyaka, — okuyinto ephakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso saseTaiwan. Umswakama uphakeme, kuvame ukuba nenkungu namazolo asekuseni. Lezi zimo zilunge kakhulu izinhlobo ze-assamica ezinamaqabunga amakhulu ezidinga ukufudumala nomswakama.
Izici eziyingqayizivele ze-terroir: Inhlanganisela yokuphakama okuphakathi nendawo, umswakama nokushisa kwakha izimo zokwanda okukhulu kwezinto eziphunga elimnandi emaqabungeni. I-terroir yaseYuchi ithathwa njengesici esinqumayo ekubunjweni kwephunga elimnandi elimentholi namacinnamon e-Hong Yu — kwezinye izifunda, le ngxubevange efanayo inikeza iphrofayili engahlelekile.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Hong Yu kuhambisana nobuchwepheshe obuvamile betiye elibomvu ngokubuna isikhathi eside, okuyisici esivelele sesiko laseTaiwan.

Ukuqoqwa (採摘, cǎi zhāi): Ukuqoqwa ngesandla kwezigaba eziphakeme; okuyimishini — kwezenqwaba.
Ukubuna (萎凋, wěi diāo): Esinye sezigaba ezinde kakhulu — amahora angu-18–24 nangaphezulu. Kuqala ngokubuna elangeni (日光萎凋) bese kuqhubekela ekubuneni endlini (室內萎凋). Ukubuna isikhathi eside kuqala izinqubo ze-biochemical ezakha izisekelo zephunga elimnandi, okubangela iphrofayili ye-cinnamon-mint. Ukulahleka komswakama kufika ku-60–70%.
Ukuphotha (揉捻, róu niǎn): Ngesandla noma ngamarola. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezinamaqabunga amakhulu ze-Hong Yu zikhiqiza umucu omude ophothiwe (條狀, tiáo zhuàng) — ngokungafani nokuphotha okuyinhlogohlogo okwama-oolong ne-Alishan Hong Cha. Ukuphotha kuphula isakhiwo seseli, kukhiphe ama-enzyme nejusi yezingqamuzana.
Ukuvutshelwa / I-Oxidation (發酵, fā jiào): I-oxidation ephelele ngezinga lokushisa elingu-22–28°C nomswakama ongu-90–95%. Isikhathi — amahora angu-3–5. Kulesi sigaba yilapho iphunga le-cinnamon-mint liphela lakhiwa: i-oxidation yama-terpenoid athile, awathola njengefa letiye laseTaiwan lasendle, inikeza amanothi ayingqayizivele e-menthol ne-cinnamon.
Ukushiswa (烘乾, hōng gān): Kunezigaba ezimbili: ukushisa okuphezulu ukumisa ukuvutshelwa kanye nokushisa okuphansi ukuze kumiswe iphunga. Umswakama wokugcina — ungabi ngaphezu kuka-5%.
Ukuhlunga (分級, fēnjí): Ngobukhulu, ikhwalithi, nokubukeka.

6. Izici Zomzimba Nezokunambitheka:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Imicu yobude obuphakathi, iphothwe ngokuqinile, igobe kancane. Umbala — umnyama onsundu ube omnyama onomsoco onsomi ophawulekayo (墨黑泛紫光, mò hēi fàn zǐ guāng) — okuwuphawu lwe-Hong Yu. Uboya buncane kakhulu (ngokungafani ne-Dian Hong noma i-Ying Hong No. 9). Iqabunga lilodwa futhi lifana.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Eliqhakazile, eliyinkimbinkimbi, elibonakala masinyane. Amanothi aphambili: isinamoni yemvelo (肉桂香, ròuguì xiāng) kanye neminti/menthol emisha (薄荷香, bòhé xiāng). Lawa manothi awawona umphumela wokunambitheka — afakwe ngokofuzo kwingxubevange futhi aqiniswa yi-terroir yaseYuchi. Amanye amanothi: uju, i-caramel, izithelo ezomisiwe, amanothi amancane enkuni.
Iphunga loketshezi: Elinamandla, linezendlalelo eziningi. Isendlalelo sokuqala — isinamoni neminti, okudala umuzwa “wobusha obufudumele” — inhlanganisela exakayo engatholakali kolunye itiye. Isendlalelo sesibili — amanothi ezithelo (iplamu, ibhilikosi), uju, i-caramel. Amanothi angemuva — enkuni, e-vanilla.
Ukunambitheka: Okugcwele, okucebile, okunobubayo obuphawulekayo (收斂性, shōuliǎn xìng), obusheshe bube buthakathaka bese kuba ubumnandi obuphindayo obude (回甘). Umzimba uminyene, ukuthungwa — usilika ocijile. Ngokungafani ne-Alishan Hong Cha ethambile, i-Hong Yu inesakhiwo esibonakalayo — isakhiwo namandla, okuyifa elitholakala kuzinyanya ze-assam. Amanothi esinamoni nementhol akhona futhi ekunambitheni, engezelelwa isokisi, ushokoledi omnyama nopelepele omnene.
Umbala waloketshezi: Obomvu ngegolide, ocijile futhi ohlanzekile (金紅鮮明, jīn hóng xiānmíng). Okusobala, okucwebezelayo.
Ingaphansi letiye (iqabunga elenziwe itiye): Amaqabunga amakhulu, aphelele anombala obomvu onsundu onomsoco onsomi. Ayaqina, anwebekile, avutshelwe ngokulinganayo. Amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu kunalawo amatiye abomvu anamaqabunga amancane.

7. Ingqikithi Yamangqamuzana:

Imvelo yengxubevange ye-Hong Yu inciphisa iphrofayili yayo yamangqamuzana eyingqayizivele, ehlanganisa izici zamatiye ase-Assam naseTaiwan asezintabeni.

Ama-polyphenol (茶多酚): Okuqukethwe okuphezulu eqabungeni elisha (ifa elitholakale kumzali wase-Assam oneqabunga elikhulu). Etiyeni elenziwe, ama-catechin a-oxidized abe ama-theaflavin kanye nama-thearubigin, akha umbala, ububayo kanye nesakhiwo sokunambitheka. Okuqukethwe ama-polyphenol kunikeza “amandla” aqhamile (收斂性).
Ama-amino acid (氨基酸): Okuqukethwe okuphakathi nendawo. Ibhalansi yama-polyphenol/ama-amino acid igudluzelwe ohlangothini lwama-polyphenol (ngokungafani ne-Alishan Hong Cha yezintaba), okuchaza ukunambitheka okuqinile nokuhlelekile.
Ama-alkaloid: Okuqukethwe kwe-caffeine — kuphakathi nendawo naphezulu (okwejwayelekile ezinhlotsheni ezineqabunga elikhulu). I-Theobromine ne-theophylline — ngamanani ajwayelekile etiye elibomvu.
Amafutha abalulekile kanye nezinhlanganisela eziphunga elimnandi: Ubungqayizivele obukhulu be-Hong Yu. Iphunga lesinamoni libangelwa okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-cinnamaldehyde (i-cinnamaldehyde) kanye nezinhlanganisela ezihlobene; iphunga leminti — okuqukethwe i-menthol kanye ne-menthone. Lezi zinto zitholwa njengefa ikakhulukazi letiye laseTaiwan lasendle elikhula ezintabeni (B-607) futhi kuyisici esiyingqayizivele ngokofuzo esingatholakali kwezinye izingxubevange ze-Camellia sinensis. Futhi kukhona ama-linalool, geraniol, nerolidol.
Amavithamini: C (anciphe kakhulu ngemuva kokuvutshelwa okuphelele), eqembu B, E, K.
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-iron, i-fluoride.
Ushukela oncibilikayo: Okuqukethwe okuphakathi nendawo; kunikeza isisekelo sobumnandi bemvelo, engezelela isakhiwo esibabayo.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Umthelela wokuvuselela: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu okuphakathi nendawo kwe-caffeine kunikeza amandla aqhamile nokwenza ngcono ukugxila.
Ukuvikela i-Antioxidant: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin — ama-antioxidant anamandla, asiza ekuvikeleni amangqamuzana emonakalweni we-oxidative.
Umthelela wokufudumeza: Ukuvutshelwa okuphelele kanye nemvelo “efudumele” (性溫) kwenza i-Hong Yu ibe yisinatho sasebusika esikahle, esiza ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kwegazi nokulawula izinga lokushisa.
Ukusekela ukugaya kwegazi: Igqugquzela ukukhishwa kwama-enzyme okugaya, futhi isiza ukwehlukanisa amafutha. Amatiye abomvu ngokwesiko ayatuswa ngemuva kokudla okuningi.
Umthelela wokulwa namagciwane nokuvuvukala: Ama-polyphenol anekhono lokuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane angalungile nokunciphisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala.
Ukusekela isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Kungaba nomthelela ekwehliseni izinga le-LDL-cholesterol kanye nokwenza ngcono ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukuqinisa amathambo: Izinhlanganisela ze-polyphenol zetiye elibomvu zingavimbela ukusebenza kwama-osteoclast (amangqamuzana abhidliza amathambo), okuwusizo ekuvimbeleni i-osteoporosis.

9. Ukuhlanganisa (Ukuthisa):

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95°C.
Inani letiye: 5 g ku-150 ml wamanzi (indlela ye-gongfu); 3–4 g ku-200–250 ml (indlela yaseYurophu).
Izitsha: I-gaiwan yobumba (蓋碗) — okuyindlela ekahle kakhulu ukuze kuvele ngokuphelele iphunga le-cinnamon-mint. I-teapot yobumba — enye indlela enhle. I-teapot ye-Yixing iyafaneleka, kodwa ubumba olungathathi hlangothi luyancanywa ukuze kungahlehliswa amanothi ephunga ayingqayizivele.
Inqubo (indlela ye-gongfu):
1. Fundisa i-gaiwan ne-chahai ngamanzi abilayo.
2. Gcwalisa u-5 g wetiye, uphefumulele iphunga — amanothi aphawulekayo esinamoni nementhol kufanele azwakale kakade eqabungeni elomile.
3. Geza ngamanzi angu-90–95°C, ukhiphe ngokushesha (ukuhlanza, 洗茶) — ukuvusa iqabunga.
4. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala: imizuzwana engu-10–15. Kakade ekuvuthelweni kokuqala kuvela iphunga le-mint-cinnamon.
5. Ukuvutshelwa kwesibili kuya kwesesine: imizuzwana engu-10–20.
6. Ukuvutshelwa kwesihlanu kuya kwesikhombisa: imizuzwana engu-20–40, kukhuliswa njengoba kuya kuba buthakathaka.
7. I-Hong Yu ibamba ukuvutshelwa okungu-5–7 ngendlela ye-gongfu.
Ukuhlanganisa obandayo: Kuyahambisana kahle. 5 g ku-500 ml wamanzi, amahora angu-6–8 efrijini. Ingxenye ye-mint iba namandla kakhudlwana ekuhlanganiseni okubandayo, okwakha isiphuzo sasehlobo esiqabulayo.
Ngobisi: I-Hong Yu — ingelinye lamatiye aseTaiwan ahamba phambili okwenza itiye elinobisi. Isakhiwo esiqinile, umzimba ominyene kanye nephunga le-cinnamon-mint akulahleki ngemuva kobisi. Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa okuqinile kakhulu (7–8 g ku-150 ml, imizuzwana engu-30–40).

10. Ukugcinwa:

Izimo: Indawo eyomile, epholile, emnyama. Isitsha esivaleke ngokuphelele.
Izinga lokushisa: Elasekhaya (15–25°C). Alidingi ifriji.
Isikhathi sokugcinwa: iminyaka engu-2–3 ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Ukusetshenziswa okuhle kakhulu — ezinyangeni zokuqala ezingu-18.
Izitha zetiye: Umswakama, ukukhanya, umoya-mpilo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, iphunga langaphandle.

11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:

Isigaba sentengo: I-Hong Yu evela esifundeni saseYuchi iyingxenye yamatiye abomvu aseTaiwan aphambili. Intengo ye-Hong Yu yeqiniso esuka osebeni lweRiyuetan — kusukela ku-600 kuya ku-2000 NT$ nge-liang (37.5 g), okulingana cishe ne-1600–5300 NT$ nge-100 g. Umkhiqizo ovela kwezinye izifunda (Hualien, Taitung) — ushibhile, kodwa unephrofayili ephansi yephunga.
Uzokugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:
- Hlola imvelaphi: I-Hong Yu ebaluleke kakhulu ivela eYuchi (魚池鄉). Bheka ukumakwa komlayelwano wokukhiqiza (產銷履歷) kanye nezitifiketi ze-Riyuetan Black Tea Association.
- Funa iphunga lenkampani: I-Hong Yu yangempela inamanothi aqhamile, aziwayo esinamoni nementhol kakade eqabungeni elomile. Uma la manothi engekho — kusho ukuthi kukhona enye ingxubevange phambi kwakho (mhlawumbe i-Tai Cha No. 8 noma uhlobo lwe-assam).
- Hlola umbala weqabunga: Ukukhanya okunsomi eqabungeni elomile kuyisici esivelele se-Hong Yu, esingekho emikhohlisweni evela kwezinye izinhlobo.
- Bheka uboya: I-Hong Yu — ingelinye lamatiye abomvu anamaqabunga amakhulu anoboya obuncane kakhulu. Uma iqabunga limbozwe uboya obuningi obusagolide — cishe lelinye uhlobo.
- Ungayithembi ilebula ethi “Sun Moon Lake”: Isaziso sendawo esithi “Riyuetan” asinawo ukuvikelwa okuqinile; ilebula ingase inamathiselwe etiyeni elivela kwezinye izifunda.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Isiqingatha sekhulu kusukela ekucabangeni kuya egameni: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Hong Yu kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 — kusukela ekuhlanganiseni kokuqala ngesikhathi samaJapane kuze kufike ekubhalisweni ngokusemthethweni ngo-1999. Lena enye yemiklamo emide kakhulu yokuhlanganisa emlandweni wemboni yetiye.
Endemic emhlabeni wetiye: I-Hong Yu itholakala kuphela eTaiwan. Ingxenye yayo yobaba — i-Camellia formosensis — i-endemic yaseTaiwan, engatholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Lokhu kwenza i-Hong Yu ibe yingxubevange eyingqayizivele ngempela engenakulinganiswa.
Itiye eliyiShayina kunalawo aseNtshonalanga: I-Hong Yu iwitiye elibomvu elineqabunga eliphelele okuthi, ngokungafani namatiye amaningi “aseNtshonalanga” amnyama (BOP, CTC), lenzelwe indlela yendabuko yamaShayina yokuhlanganisa (工夫泡, gōngfu pào) ngesitsha sobumba. Alisikwa futhi alihlanganiswa — liwitiye elibomvu “laseMpumalanga” elineqabunga eliphelele elinezimpande “zaseNtshonalanga”.
Ichibi LeLanga Nenyanga — indawo yokuzalwa yetiye laseTaiwan: Ngaphandle kwe-Hong Yu, isifunda saseRiyuetan sixhumene nochungechunge lwezinhlobo ezinezinombolo “台茶”. Ichibi liyindawo engcwele kubantu bomdabu baseThao (邵族, Shāozú) futhi ingenye yezindawo eziheha izivakashi eziyinhloko eTaiwan.
Isinamoni ngaphandle kwesinamoni, iminti ngaphandle kweminti: Izinhlanganisela eziphunga elimnandi ezinikeza amanothi esinamoni nementhol e-Hong Yu azihlangene nhlobo nesinamoni (Cinnamomum) neminti (Mentha) — zakhiwa yisitshalo setiye. Lokhu kuyisibonelo se-convergent evolution yephunga emhlabeni wezitshalo.

13. Izinhlobo ze-Riyuetan Hong Cha:

Ngaphandle kwe-Hong Yu (Tai Cha No.18), ngaphansi kophawu “Riyuetan Black Tea” (日月潭紅茶) kukhiqizwa amatiye avela ezingxubevangen ezehlukene:

Tai Cha No. 18 “Hong Yu” (紅玉): Ihamba phambili. Iphunga le-mint-cinnamon, ukunambitheka okuqinile, umsoco onsomi weqabunga.
Tai Cha No. 8: Iphrofayili evamile “ye-assam” — isokisi, ushokoledi omnyama, i-plum enomile. Ngaphandle kwamanothi e-mint-cinnamon. Ivame ukusetshenziselwa izigaba zenqwaba kanye netiye elinobisi.
Tai Cha No. 21 “Hong Yun” (紅韻): Yabhaliswa ngo-2008. Inephunga elimnandi elinamanothi e-citrus flower nerose. Ethambile kune-Hong Yu.
Itiye laseTaiwan lasentabeni (台灣山茶): Uhlobo lwasendle oluqoqwa ngokukhawulelwe. Lunikeza iphrofayili engajwayelekile, “eyasendle” enamanothi otshani nokhuni.
Uhlobo lwe-Assam (阿薩姆種): Inzalo eqondile yezinhlobo ze-assam zaseNdiya ezalethwa ngesikhathi samaJapane. Ziqinile, zinamanothi esokisi, futhi zinobubayo obuqhamile.

14. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Amnyama:

Ālǐshān Hóng Chá (阿里山紅茶): Itiye elimnyama laseTaiwan elisendaweni ephakeme elivela ezingxubevangen ezinamaqabunga amancane ze-oolong. Lithambile, linoshukela omningi, linokunambitheka emphinjeni nobusha bezintaba, kodwa linqabile iphunga le-mint-cinnamon nesakhiwo esinamandla se-Hong Yu.
Diān Hóng (滇紅, i-Dian Hong): Itiye elimnyama lase-Yunnan elineqabunga elikhulu. Zombili zinamandla, ziqinile, zineqabunga elikhulu, kodwa i-Dian Hong ithanda iphrofayili kashokoledi nezinye izithako, kanti i-Hong Yu ithanda i-mint-cinnamon. I-Dian Hong ivame ukuba thambile futhi ibe neshukela; i-Hong Yu ihleleke kangcono.
Assam FTGFOP (India): “Isihlobo” esiseduze ngokofuzo (ukuhlanganiswa kofuzo okufanayo kwe-assam). I-Assam yaseNdiya iyasokozela, iqinile, futhi inomthelela omkhulu wokubaba, ilungele itiye elinobisi. I-Hong Yu ngamandla ayalinganayo inephrofayili eningiliziwe yephunga elimnandi kanye nokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside.
Qí Mèn Hóng Chá (祁門紅茶): I-small-leafed, ethambile, enephunga lezimbali nezithelo. Iphikisana ngokuphelele ne-Hong Yu enamaqabunga amakhulu, enamandla, e-mint-cinnamon. Imihlaba ehlukene ngaphakathi kwesigaba esisodwa.
Ying Hong No. 9 (英紅9號): Itiye elimnyama laseGuangdong elineqabunga elikhulu. Zombili ziyingxenye yezinyanya zase-Yunnan/Assam, kodwa i-Ying Hong No. 9 ihlukaniswa amanothi aphawulekayo kabatata kanye nephrofayili yoju nesokisi, kanti i-Hong Yu ayifani nhlobo nge-mint-cinnamon yayo.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Hong Yu — witiye okwathatha isigamu sekhulu ukuthi ivele, futhi iminyaka embalwa ukuthi inqobe umhlaba. Kuyo kuhlangene amandla aseBurma nobuhle basendle baseTaiwan, amandla e-Assam nobusha be-menthol, ukunikezela okungaphezu kweTropiki laseRiyuetan kanye nokukhetha ngokunembile kwabahlukanisi baseTaiwan. Iphunga layo lenkampani — isinamoni neminti enkomishini eyodwa — ayinakulinganiswa phakathi kwezinkulungwane zezinhlobo ze-Camellia sinensis, noma phakathi kwamatiye anephunga elengeziwe ngokwemvelo. I-Hong Yu — witiye lwalabo abazisa okungenakuphikwa, lwalabo abakholelwa ukuthi ubungqayizivele bangempela abuzalwa emnyango wezokumaketha, kodwa buthule etshuuleni, ekubekezeleni kwabahlukanisi, nasekukhuluphatsheni komhlaba.