I-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā

I-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā itiye eliluhlaza lase-Anhui, isithombe salo sifana nembali ye-orchid esanda kuvuleka, kanti iphunga laso liqukethe inothi langempela le-orchid. Lesi simanga sokuhambisana kwesimo nephunga sisekelwe isiko lekhono elingaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amathathu kanye nendawo ekhethekile yezintaba zase-Dabie.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshiwe); liyingxenye ye-hōngqīng (烘青, hōngqīng) — lapho ukuthiswa ngomlilo wamalahle (烘焙) kudlala indima enkulu esigabeni sokugcina; ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngokugazinga epanini (锅炒杀青), ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe buyinhlanganisela “yokugazinga nokubhaka” (炒烘结合).
• Isigaba: Itiye elidumile ngokomlando lase-Anhui (安徽历史名茶); elinye lamatiye ayishumi adumile ngokwesiko lesifundazwe (安徽十大传统名茶). Lihamba phambili emhlotsheni wamatiye aluhlaza “anephunga le-orchid” (兰香型绿茶).
• Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe i-Anhui (安徽, Ānhuī), isifunda i-Shucheng (舒城, Shūchéng), idolobha i-Lu’an (六安, Lù’ān). Itholakala emithambekeni esempumalanga yezintaba zase-Dabieshan (大别山, Dàbiéshān), phakathi komfula i-Yangtze nomfula i-Huaihe. Indawo evikelwe yomkombandlela ihlanganisa izifunda ezisezintabeni: amalokishi kanye nemijondolo i-Xiaotian (晓天), i-Tangchi (汤池), i-Luzhen (庐镇), i-Hebang (河棚), i-Gaofeng (高峰), kanye ne-Wuxian (五显), i-Chunqiu (春秋), i-Nangang (南港), ne-Shucha (舒茶).
• Izinkomba zomhlaba: 31°01′–31°34′ N, 116°26′–117°15′ E (ngokwemibhalo yokuqala yesifunda). Inhliziyo yokukhiqiza itholakala endaweni 31°27′–31°48′ N, 116°49′–117°01′ E.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwesiko:

• Umlando: I-Shucheng iyindawo yakudala yetiye. Ngokwe- “New History of Tang” (《新唐书·地理志》), ngezikhathi zaseTang naseSong itiye lendawo lalidumile futhi lalifakwa njengesipho enkantolo. Nokho, ubuchwepheshe balezo zikhathi babuhluke kakhulu kunobanamuhla: isithombe samanje “setiye le-Orchid” (兰花茶, Lánhuā chá) nephunga laso eliyingqophamlando sakhiwa ngesikhathi seQing (清朝), cishe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa ukuya ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili. Isazi samatiye esidumile u-Chen Chuan (陈椽, Chén Chuán) encwadini yakhe ethi “Anhui Tea Canon” (《安徽茶经》) waveza: “ngaphambi kweQing, izicukuthwane zendawo zazikunaka kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwetiye le-orchid”. Emisebenzini yakhe eyisisekelo ethi “Selected Studies on Famous Teas of China” (《中国名茶研究选集》) kanye nethi “Tea Production Science” (《制茶学》), i-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā ibekwe ezingeni elifanayo nemisebenzi yobuciko efana ne-Bìluóchūn (碧螺春), i-Tàipíng Hóu Kuí (太平猴魁), i-Yǒngxī Huǒqīng (涌溪火青), i-Lù’ān Guāpiàn (六安瓜片) kanye ne-Tiěguānyīn (铁观音). Ngakho-ke, umlando wetiye uneminyaka okungenani engama-300.

  Kunemibono emibili yendabuko ngemvelaphi yegama. Eyokuqala ikhuluma ngentombazane okuthiwa u-Lán Huā (兰花, “Orchid”) yasesigodini i-Baisangyuan (白桑园) esifundeni i-Xiaotian: wayeyingcweti yomsebenzi, itiye lakhe lalihluke ngephunga elimangalisayo nesimo esifana ne-orchid. Abahwebi baseShandong babelithenga ngentengo ephezulu, futhi u-Lán Huā, efuna ukusiza abantu bakubo, wasebenza imini nobusuku waze wabulawa ukukhathala; abantu bakubo baqamba itiye ngegama lakhe. Indaba yesibili ixhumene nengcweti u-Shen Xinyue (沈兴余) wase-Huangjiawan (黄家湾) esigodini i-Moziyuan (磨子园): itiye lakhe lahlaba umxhwele umhwebi u-Zheng Guoying (郑国英) wase-Tongchen kangangokuba wamemeza: “Isimo sifana nesikhwebu sebhali, kanti iphunga lifana nembali ye-orchid.”

  Ngo-1958, u-Mao Zedong wavakashela i-Shucha People’s Commune (舒茶人民公社) esifundeni i-Shucheng, wanambitha itiye lendawo, wase ekhipha amazwi adumile: “Kusukela manje, emithambekeni yezintaba kufanele kwandiswe izivande zetiye” (以后山坡上要多多开辟茶园). Lokhu kuvakasha kwanikeza umfutho omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kokulinywa kwetiye esifundeni nasezweni lonke. Ngo-1995, i-Shucheng yavakashelwa ngu-Wen Jiabao (温家宝), okwaba nomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni komkhakha wetiye wendawo. Eminyakeni yawo-1980, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bendabuko, kwathuthukiswa imikhiqizo emisha: i-Bai Shuang Wu Hao (白霜雾毫) ne-Wan Xi Zao Hua (皖西早花), ezathola isimo “samatiye adumile ase-Anhui” ngo-1987. Ngo-2016, i-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā yathola ukuvikelwa njengomkombandlela wezwe (国家地理标志保护产品). Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bafakwa kuhlu lwamagugu angabambeki esifundazweni i-Anhui (ngo-2010).

• Igama: I-Shūchéng (舒城) yigama lesifunda. I-Xiǎo (小) — “encane,” ihlukanisa leli tiye kwi-“Dà Lán Huā” (大兰花, evela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezinamacembe ama-4–5). I-Lán Huā (兰花) — “i-orchid”: igama libhekisela kokubili ekubukekeni (izihlungu ezihlangene necebe, zifana nembali ye-orchid) kanye nasephungeni (inothi langempela le-orchid). Ifomula eyamukelekayo yekhwalithi — “ama-orchid amathathu” (三兰, sān lán): isimo se-orchid (兰花形), umbala we-orchid (兰草色), iphunga le-orchid (兰花香).

• Ukubaluleka kwesiko: I-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā iyikhadi lesifunda, “igama laso legolide” (金名片). Itiye libhaliswe njengomkombandlela kazwelonke (证明商标), lifakwe ohlwini lwe-“New and Best Agro-products of China” (全国名特优新农产品), linikezwe isimo esithi “Famous Trademark of Anhui” (安徽省著名商标). Ngo-2022, indawo yezivande zetiye esifundeni yayingama-13.3 wàn mu (cishe amahektha angu-8867), ukukhiqizwa kwaminyaka yonke okungamathani angu-4000 etiye elomile, isamba senani lomkhakha wetiye sasiyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-23.5. Ekulinyweni kwetiye bahileleke ama-township kanye namalokishi angama-20, amakhaya amaningi angaphezu kuka-55,000 abalimi, kanye nabasebenzi betiye abangama-200,000.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

• Uhlobo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
• Izinhlobo / Ikhalthivesha: Isisekelo — ukutshalwa kwendawo ngokwamaqembu (当地群体种, dāngdì qúntǐzhǒng), okujwayele izimo zase-Dabieshan amakhulu eminyaka futhi okubonakala ngokumelana nobanda okuphezulu. Kususelwa kulesi sisekelo, kukhulisiwe izinhlobo ezintathu ezamukelwe kuzwelonke: i-Shūchá Zǎo (舒茶早, Shūchá Zǎo) — uhlobo lokuqala, i-Shānpō Lǜ (山坡绿, Shānpō Lǜ) kanye ne-Gǔyǔ Chūn (谷雨春, Gǔyǔ Chūn). Indawo yamahlumela asabalalisiwe (无性系良种) ifinyelele ku-6.6 wàn mu, izinga lobukhulu bezinhlobo — cishe ama-50%.
• Ukuqoqa: Isikhathi kusukela ku-Guyu (谷雨, maphakathi no-Ephreli) kuya phambili. I-Xiǎo Lán Huā idinga izinto ezingavuthiwe ezintekenteke, ezinomsoco kanye noboya obuningi, ezinombala ophuzi oluhlaza olinganayo, ngaphandle kwamahlumela ansomi (紫芽). Emabangeni aphezulu, ingxelo kufanele ibe yinde kunecebe. Ukuqoqwa kuhambisana nokuqhakaza kwama-orchid asendle ezintabeni — kukholelwa ukuthi amahlumela etiye amuncwa iphunga lawo.
• Izinga lokuqoqa: Ingxelo eyodwa necebe elilodwa eliqala ukuvuleka (一芽一叶初展) — ebangeni elikhethekile nelokuqala; ingxelo eyodwa namacebe amabili kuya kwamathathu (一芽二叶至一芽三叶) — ku-Xiǎo Lán Huā ejwayelekile; ingxelo eyodwa namacebe amane kuya kwahlanu — ku-Dà Lán Huā (大兰花). Izinto eziqoqiwe zicutshungulwa ngosuku olulodwa (现采现制).
• Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Amahlumela aphelele, angonakaliswanga, angenazo izimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile, ukubuna, noma ukulimala ngomgomeni.

4. Indawo Kanye Nezici Zokulinywa:

• Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Izinga lomkombandlela lidinga okungenani amamitha angama-300. Izintaba eziyinhloko zetiye: i-Baisangyuan (白桑园), i-Jiaoziishi (珓子石), i-Moziyuan (磨子园), i-Longmianshan (龙眠山), i-Xiaomailing (小麦岭), i-Gujizhai (古迹寨), i-Tianzizhai (天子寨). Indawo ephakeme kakhulu esifundeni — iNtaba i-Wanfoshan (万佛山, 1539 m).
• Isimo sezulu: Indawo enomswakama eseceleni enyakatho (北亚热带湿润气候). Izinga lokushisa lonyaka litha isilinganiso esingu-15 °C; imvula yonyaka ingu-1200–1600 mm (izintaba zithola inani elikhulu kakhulu); isilinganiso sezinsuku ezinenkungu ngonyaka — ngaphezu kuka-280; umswakama ohlobene ≥ 80%; ukwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kobusuku nemini. Izimo zokukhanya okuhlakazekile zisiza ekuqoqweni kwama-amino acid.
• Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤), i-pH 5.5–6.5, okuqukethwe yizinto eziphilayo ≥ 1.5%, ukujula kweprofayili yenhlabathi ≥ 1.0 m. Inhlabathi icebile ngama-microelements: i-selenium (硒) kanye ne-zinc (锌), okunomthelela omuhle ekwakhekeni kwamatshe etiye.
• Ezolimo: Isifunda sisebenzisa imodeli ekhethekile ethi “itiye — ihlathi — umquba oluhlaza” (茶—林—绿肥): izihlahla zetiye zikhula phakathi kwezihlahla notshani basendle (ama-rhododendron, ama-orchid, ama-fern), kwakheka “isigqoko” sehlathi esiqongweni, “ibhande” lamahlathi amancane notshani emthambekeni, kanye “nesicathulo” sotshani ngezansi (头戴帽，腰系带，脚穿鞋). Ukuhlalisana iminyaka eminingi nehlathi kunothisa isihlahla setiye ngezakhi zemvelo zephunga elimnandi. Izinga lehlathi — 93%; akukho ukungcoliswa yizimboni. Umanyolo — ngokuyinhloko umanyolo wamakinati (饼肥) kanye nowezinto eziphilayo. Isifunda sinikezwe isitifiketi se-“National Organic Product (Tea) Base”.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe bendabuko be-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā buhlanganisa ukugazinga epanini (锅炒杀青) nokushisa ngomlilo wamalahle (炭火烘焙) — ukushisa ngamalahle ekugcineni “kuvula” iphunga le-orchid.

• Ukusabalala nokuhlunga (摊凉拣剔 — tānliáng jiǎntī): Amahlumela amasha asabalaliswa ukuze kulahleke umswakama ongaphezulu futhi kususwe amacebe aneziphako.
• Ukugazinga nokwakheka (锅炒杀青、做型 — guōchǎo shāqīng, zuòxíng): Kwenziwa emapanini amabili ahlangene, atshekileyo (两口并连斜锅) esitofeni esikhethekile. Ingcweti isebenzisa ishanela letiye le-bamboo elenziwe ngoqalo oluqinile (实心竹丝把), yenza iminyakazo eyizindingilizi iye ohlangothini olulodwa. Umgomo: “ishanela alihlukani netiye, itiye alihlukani nepani” (把不离茶，茶不离锅). Epani langaphambili (elishisayo) kunyakaziswa kakhulu, kwelangemuva (elipholile) — kuyagoqwa futhi kucindezelwe, kwakhe isimo esiyi “hook” somhlumela (弯钩状). Inhloso — ukuletha icebe esimweni “ezingxenyeni ezinhlanu ezomile” (五成干), lapho kuvela khona umsindo “sha-sha” nephunga elicacile.
• Ukuthiswa kokuqala ngamalahle (炭火笼初烘 — tànhuǒ lóng chūhōng): Ngokwesiko kusetshenziswa amalahle e-oki noma e-tung (黄栗树/桐树). Isemi-factshi lisakazwa ethreyini ye-bamboo ephothiweyo (篾制烘斗) bese lomiswa ngo-100–120 °C kuze kube ngama-70–80% ukoma. Lesi sigaba sibeka isisekelo sephunga le-orchid.
• Ukuhlunga (拣剔 — jiǎntī): Ukususwa kwamacebe aphuzi, izinti, kanye nokungakholisi.
• Ukushiswa kokugcina ngamalahle (足烘 — zúhōng): Izinga lokushisa lehliselwa ku-80–100 °C; icebe lomiswa kuze umswakama ube ≤ 6%. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho iphunga le-orchid livela ngokugcwele kakhulu — “ekushiseni kuvela iphunga elilodwa” (热气上冒一支香).

Lapho kukhiqizwa ngemishini, phakathi kokugazinga nokomisa kunezelwa isigaba esihlukile sokugoqa (揉捻) kanye/noma ukulungiswa kwesimo ngomshini (理条, lǐtiáo), kodwa indlela yokwenziwa ngesandla yendabuko ihlonishwa kakhulu.

6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngezitho Zomzimba:

• Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Amahlumela anamacebe ahlangene futhi afana ne-orchid evulekayo; isimo — ama-“hook” amancane agoqekile (条索细卷呈弯钩状), asakazeke ngokwemvelo. Umbala — uluhlaza okhanyayo ogqamile (翠绿匀润) onoboya obusiliva obubonakalayo (毫锋显露).
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile, elisha, elinenothi ye-orchid ecacile kanye nephunga lamakinati. Ifomula “yephunga kathathu” (三香): iphunga lokuqala — lapho kuvulwa iphakheji (清香扑鼻, “iphunga elihlanzekile lishaya emakhaleni”), elesibili — ekuphuzeni okokuqala (满口生香, “wonke umlomo ugcwala iphunga”), elesithathu — emuva kokunambitha (齿颊留香, “iphunga lihlala phakathi kwamazinyo nezihlathi”).
• Iphunga lokutshala: Elisha, eliqinile, elinenothi ye-orchid egqamile (兰花香型) — okuyisiginisha esiyinhloko sale tiye ngokomuzwa. Amaphunga amakinati (栗香) nezimbali ahlangana kahle.
• Ukunambitheka: Okusha, okunomsoco (鲜爽), okumnandi nokuthambile (甘醇), nobumnandi obuqhubekayo kamuva (回甘持久). Uma kulungiswe kahle — akukho konke ubumuncu; umuzwa “wokuphola” (爽) kanye “nokulindela” ukugwinya okusha.
• Umbala wokutshala: Uluhlaza obuthakathaka, okhanyayo futhi obonakalayo (汤色嫩绿明净). Ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivuthiwe kakhudlwana — uphuzi oluhlaza.
• Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe): Amahlumela aqoqene abe “yizimbali” (叶底成朵), umbala — uphuzi oluhlaza obuthakathaka (嫩黄绿色), ongafani; ukuthungwa kunyama, okukhombisa ikhwalithi enhle yezinto ezingavuthiwe.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

• Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚): Okuqukethwe kuvama kumatiye e-hongqing asezintabeni — kunesilinganiso, okuqinisekisa ukuthambile kokunambitheka. Ngokwemithombo yolwazi, ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-polyphenol ye-Xiǎo Lán Huā ekulweni namagciwane aphethe izifo kungaphezulu kunakwamanye amatiye aluhlaza.
• Ama-Amino acid (氨基酸): Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-L-theanine ngenxa yesimo sezulu esinenkungu esisezintabeni nokukhanya okuhlakazekile. Ama-amino acid yiwona anikeza ukunambitheka okuyi “xiānshuǎng” (鲜爽).
• Ama-Alkaloid: I-caffeine — okuqukethwe kubhalwe njengoku “phezulu” (咖啡碱含量高); ukusebenzisana ne-theanine kunikeza amandla ngenkathi kugcinwe ubumnene.
• Amafutha abalulekile kanye nezinhlanganisela ezinuka kamnandi: Iphunga le-orchid lakhiwe ngokuyinkimbinkimbi: izimo zemvelo (ukukhula phakathi kwama-orchid, ukumuncwa kwama-molecule anuka kamnandi ngesikhathi sokuqoqa) kunezelwa ngokuvulwa kobuchwepheshe lapho kuthiswa ngamalahle. Izakhi ezibalulekile: i-linalool, i-nerol, i-geraniol, i-cis-jasmone.
• Amavithamini: C, B₁, B₂, E, ama-carotenoid.
• Ama-minerali: I-selenium (硒) ne-zinc (锌) — izakhi eziyimfihlo ezicebile enhlabathini yendawo, okwenza i-Shucheng ihluke kwezinye izifunda zetiye zase-Anhui.
• Umsebenzi we-Antioxidant: Ngokweminye imithombo, amandla e-polyphenol ye-Xiǎo Lán Huā okuqeda ama-free radical aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-18 kunavithamini E.

8. Izinzuzo Ezinhle:

• Ukusebenza kokulwa namagciwane nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala: Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwama-polyphenol ekulweni nezifo eziphathelwe namagciwane — okungenye yezinto ezigqanyiswe emithonjeni yaseChina.
• Umthelela wokuvuselela: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-caffeine ngokuhlangana ne-theanine kunikeza ukucaca kwengqondo namandla ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
• Ukuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant: Ama-catechin kanye novithamini C asekela impilo yamangqamuzana futhi anciphise izinqubo zokuhola.
• Ukusekelwa kokugaya: Ama-polyphenol avuselela ukunyakaza kwamathumbu futhi alungisele kahle ama-microflora.
• Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ukusetshenziswa njalo kusiza ukugcina ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nezinga elivamile le-cholesterol.
• Imisebenzi yokuqonda: I-L-theanine isekela isigqi se-alpha sobuchopho.
• Ukusekelwa kwamasosha omzimba: Izakhi zevithamini nama-microelements (i-selenium, i-zinc) ziqinisa imisebenzi yokuzivikela.
• Akunconywa ukuphuza ungadlile (ama-tannin angacasula ulwelwesi); itiye elisha kungcono ukuligcina izinsuku ezingu-15 “ukulahla umlilo” (褪火气); uma unokuzwela ku-caffeine — phuza kuphela ekuseni.

9. Ukupheka:

• Ubukhulu bamanzi angama-80–85 °C. Amanzi abilayo awavunyelwe — kulimaza i-chlorophyll, ukutshala kuphuzi, kanti iphunga lilahlekelwa ubuhle balo.
• Ubuningi betiye: 3–5 g ku-150 ml (indlela yengilazi); 5–7 g ku-100–120 ml (igayiwani ye-gongfu style).
• Iziphalaphala: Ingilazi (玻璃杯) — ivumela ukubona lapho amahlumela “ephakama” enkomishini kuhle kwezimbali ezivulekayo; igayiwani ye-porcelain (盖碗) — ukwenzela ukupheka okulawulekayo nokukhipha amanzi.
• Inqubo:
  1. Ukufudumeza isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, uwathulule.
  2. Thela itiye.
  3. Ukuchithwa kokuqala: thela amanzi angama-80–85 °C, nika isikhathi sokugxilisa imizuzwana engama-30.
  4. Ukuchithwa kwesibili kuya kweyesithupha: ngeze imizuzwana eyi-10 (igongfu), 6–10 izichitho.
  5. Ngendlela yaseYurophu: imizuzu emi-2–3; uma kubaba — yehlisa izinga lokushisa noma ubuningi.
• Amanzi: Athambile (ancane amaminerali) agqamisa ubumnandi kanye nethoni ye-orchid. Amanzi aqinile acindezela iphunga.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Izitsha ezivalekile, ezingahlangani nokukhanya; vikela ukukhanya, umswakama, amaphunga angaphandle, nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa.
• Okuhle kakhulu — isiqandisi ku-0–5 °C ngokupakishwa okuqinile kwe-vacuum noma kwe-foil.
• Itiye elisha kunconywa ukuligcina cishe izinsuku ezingu-15 endaweni emnyama, epholile ukuze “liphumule” ngemva kokushiswa ngamalahle.
• Licacisisa kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 zokuqala ngemva kokukhiqizwa.

11. Intengo Namatiye Afakwayo:

• Ububanzi bentengo buxhomeke ezingeni nasezikhathini zonyaka: ibanga elikhethekile (特级, amahlumela angawodwa anecebe eliqala ukuvuleka, ≥ 90% ukufana) libiza kusuka ku-800 yuan nge-500 g nangaphezulu; amaqoqo amaningi ashibhile kakhulu. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezivela enhliziyweni yokukhiqiza (i-Baisangyuan, i-Moziyuan) zihlonishwa kakhulu.
• Ungakugwema kanjani ukuthengiswa kwamatiye afakwayo:
  • Hlola umsuka: i-Xiǎo Lán Huā yangempela kumele ikhiqizwe ezindaweni ezisezintabeni zesifunda i-Shucheng (ukuphakama ≥ 300 m) — amaqoqo asekuqaleni (ngaphambi kuka-Mashi 25) avela kwezinye izifunda cishe awona i-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā yangempela.
  • Isimo sangaphandle: amahlumela anamacebe ahlangene “ngehook” efana ne-orchid; izinto ezingavuthiwe ezimangelengele neziphukile ziwuphawu lwetiye lokukhohlisa.
  • Iphunga: i-Xiǎo Lán Huā yangempela inephunga le-orchid elicacile, hhayi nje “ubusha obuluhlaza”.
  • Ukutshala: kubonakala, kuhlaza okuthakathaka; ukufipala noma ubumnyama kuyisizathu sokungabaza.
  • Ukumaka: ubukhona be-logo yomkombandlela (地理标志) kanye nemininingwane yomkhiqizi.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• Inganekwane “yezihlahla ezingcwele eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili” (十八棵神茶): ngemva kokushona kuka-Lán Huā, abantu bakubo bamngcwaba ezansi kwezihlahla zetiye ezihamba phambili emthambekeni i-Xiaomaitang (小麦淌), futhi ngokushesha kwakhula izihlahla ezingu-18, okwakungakhiwa kuzo emini — kodwa kusasa zase zivele zigcwele amahlumela amasha. Lezi zihlahla zaba ngumthombo wezinto ezingavuthiwe ezibalulekile.
• Lapho kuphekwa, amahlumela e-Xiǎo Lán Huā “ayaphakama” engilazini aqonde, njengezimbali ezincane ze-orchid, — umphumela, ngenxa yalokho itiye lahlonishwa hhayi njengesiphuzo, kodwa nanjengombukiso wobuhle. Isisho esidumile — “ukushisa kunyuka — iphunga elilodwa” (热气上冒一支香): lapho kuvulwa isembozo segayiwani eshisayo, ubuso bushaywa umfudlana oqondile, ohlanganisiwe wephunga le-orchid.
• Ukuvakasha kuka-Mao Zedong e-Shucha Commune ngo-1958 kwaba yisikhathi esiyinguquko hhayi kuphela e-Shucheng, kodwa nakwemboni yonke yamatiye yaseChina: ubizo lwakhe oluthi “ndawonye kwandiswe izivande zetiye emithambekeni yezintaba” lwamukelwa njengohlelo lukazwelonke futhi lwaholela ekwandisweni okukhulu kwamahlumela etiye ezweni lonke.
• Isifunda i-Shucheng sisendaweni edumile “ye-31st parallel” (北纬31°) — i-latitude, e-China ebizwa ngokuthi “ibhande legolide lezolimo lwetiye” futhi lapho kutholakala khona nama-Xī Hú Lóng Jǐng, i-Lù’ān Guāpiàn kanye namanye amatiye amakhulu.

13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

• I-Lù’ān Guāpiàn (六安瓜片, Lù’ān Guāpiàn): Umakhelwane wase-Anhui — ukuphela kwetiye eliluhlaza emhlabeni elingenazixhumo nezinti, kuphela izingcwecwe zamaqabunga. Isimo nokunambitheka okuqhamile: i-Guāpiàn inamandla, igcwele, inobuntu “obuvutha umlilo” ngenxa yobuchwepheshe “lāo huǒ” (拉老火). I-Xiǎo Lán Huā inhle kakhulu, ilula, ine-noti ye-orchid ecacile.
• I-Huòshān Huáng Yá (霍山黄芽, Huòshān Huáng Yá): Itiye eliphuzi elivela esifundeni esingumakhelwane i-Huoshan, naso esiseDabieshan. I-Huòshān Huáng Yá idlula kunqubo i-mènhuáng (闷黄, “ukuphuza”), eyinika isimo esithambile, esimnandi. I-Xiǎo Lán Huā iluhlaza ngokumsulwa, imnandi futhi igqamile ngephunga.
• I-Tàipíng Hóu Kuí (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóu Kuí): Elinye itiye eliluhlaza elidumile lase-Anhui elinamaqabunga amakhulu ayizicaba kanye nephunga “le-orchid” eliyingqophamlando. Noma kunjalo, inothi yalo ye-orchid ayinamandla kangako, kanti isimo seqabunga sihluke kakhulu — i-Hóu Kuí inkulu kakhulu, i-Xiǎo Lán Huā incane futhi inhle.
• I-Jīngxiàn Lán Xiāng (泾县兰香, Jīngxiàn Lánxiāng): Itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni esingumakhelwane i-Jingxian — omunye ummeleli “we-orchid” wesikole sase-Anhui. Lisondele ngesitayela, kodwa i-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā ihluke ngesimo sayo esiyingcoshana kanye nephunga lamakinati eliqinile ngaphansi.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Shūchéng Xiǎo Lán Huā itiye-inkondlo. Konke phakathi kwalo kuholelwa emcabangweni owodwa — i-orchid: isimo sehlumela, umbala wokutshala, futhi, okusemqoka, lelo phunga elimnandi elingaphatheki kahle, kodwa elingaziwa kalula, elingaxutshwa nelinye itiye eliluhlaza. Ngemuva kwalesi sithunzi se-orchid kunendawo engenandaba yezintaba zase-Dabieshan, ama-standi asekhulwini eminyaka amadala, akhula eduze kwama-orchid asendle, kanye nengcweti eneshanela le-bamboo, okuthi ngomnyakazo owodwa iguqule ingcosana yamahlumela ibe umsebenzi wobuciko. Leli tiye livuza abanokubekezela: linike amanzi afanele, izinga lokushisa elifanele — futhi lizokuphendula ngamakha amathathu: ekuphefumuleni kokuqala, ekugwinyeni kokuqala kanye nasekugcineni kokunambitheka okude, okukhanyayo.