Quèshé Lǜchá

Quèshé (雀舌, Quèshé) — “Ulimi Lwenkamane” — ingenye yezinhlobo zakudala nezinenkondlo kakhulu zetiye eliluhlaza esikweni lamaShayina. Akulona igama lezinhlobo ezithile noma lecultivari, kodwa yizinga lesimo seqabunga elomile (茶形标准): amaqabunga amancane, ayizicaba, agobe kancane futhi acijile ekugcineni, ububanzi bungu-4–5 mm nobude bungu-15–20 mm, afana ngokumangalisayo nezilimi ezincane zezinkamane. Ngesikhathi samaSong (宋) isazi uShěn Kuò (沈括, Shěn Kuò) sabhala encwadini ethi «Mèng Xī Bǐ Tán» (《梦溪笔谈》): “Ihlumela letiye endulo lalibizwa ngokuthi ‘què shé’ kanye ‘no-mài kē’, okwakusho ubuhle balo obukhulu.” Ngaphansi kwegama elithi «Què Shé» kukhiqizwa itiye eliluhlaza lezinga eliphezulu ezifundazweni eziningi zaseShayina — kusuka eGuizhou naseSichuan kuya eJiangsu naseZhejiang — ngalinye linomhlaba walo, icultivari, nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe, kodwa zihlanganiswe yisimo esincane esingenasici kanye nobuncane obukhethekile bezinto ezingavuthiwe.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nemvelaphi:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingenazivithisi. Ngokuyinhloko liwuhlobo lwe-chaoqing (炒青, chǎoqīng) — itiye eliluhlaza eliphekwe epanini, elakhiwe laba yisimo esicijile esicaba “solimi”. Ezinye izinhlobo (i-Huángshān Máo Fēng) ziwuhlobo lwe-hongqing (烘青, hōngqīng) — okushiswe ngokomileyo.
• Isigaba: I-athikili yesigaba esinembo yokuhlaziya. “Què Shé” yizinga lokwakheka kwesimo seqabunga letiye, hhayi umkhiqizo oyedwa. Kusohlwini lwetiye eliluhlaza lezinga eliphezulu laseShayina; izinhlobo eziningi zikuloluhlu lwetiye elidumile neli-elite ezifundazweni zakhona.
• Imvelaphi: Itiye elinesimo se-”què shé” likhiqizwa ezindaweni eziningana ezisemqoka:
  • Guizhou (贵州, Guìzhōu): Méitán Cuìyá / “Méitán Quèshé” (湄潭翠芽, Méitán Cuìyá) — i-”què shé” edume kakhulu ezweni lonke. Isifunda saseMéitán (湄潭县), esifundeni saseZunyi (遵义市).
  • Sichuan (四川, Sìchuān): Yíbīn Quèshé (宜宾雀舌, Yíbīn Quèshé), Pújiāng Quèshé (蒲江雀舌, Pújiāng Quèshé), Méngshān Quèshé (蒙山雀舌, Méngshān Quèshé), Éméi Quèshé (峨眉雀舌, Éméi Quèshé).
  • Jiangsu (江苏, Jiāngsū): Jīntán Quèshé (金坛雀舌, Jīntán Quèshé) — eJīntán, edolobheni iChangzhou. Iwumkhiqizo osemthethweni oqokiwe ngokwesimo sendawo (National Geographic Indication) kusukela ngo-2013.
  • Zhejiang (浙江, Zhèjiāng): Ama-”què shé” ahlukahlukene avela e-Anji (安吉) nasezindaweni ezinye.
  • Fujian (福建, Fújiàn): Wǔyí Quèshé (武夷雀舌, Wǔyí Quèshé) — isimo esikhethekile: lolu ulungu (岩茶, yánchá), hhayi itiye eliluhlaza, kodwa nawo unegama elithi “què shé”.
• Izixhumanisi zomhlaba: Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo ethize yokukhiqiza.

2. Umlando Nezincazelo Zamasiko:

• Umlando: Igama elithi “què shé” njengegama lamahlumela etiye athambile lilandelwa emibhalweni yamaShayina kusukela ngesikhathi samaTang (唐, 618–907). Imbongi uLiú Yǔxī (刘禹锡, Liú Yǔxī) yabhala: “添炉烹雀舌，洒水浄龙须” (“Wengeze amalahle, upheke izilimi zezinkamane; ufafaze amanzi, uhlanze izimpaphe zodrako”). UShěn Kuò encwadini ethi «Mèng Xī Bǐ Tán» (《梦溪笔谈》, ekhulwini le-11) wachaza: “Amahlumela etiye endulo ayebizwa ngokuthi ‘què shé’ kanye ‘nama-qedukazi’ (麦颗, mài kē, ‘ukusanhlamvu’), okugcizelela ubuhle bawo obukhulu.”

  Kulesi sigaba samandulo seqabunga letiye, “què shé” yayisesitebhisini sesithathu ngemuva kwe-”liánxīn” (莲心, liánxīn, “umgogodla wephuzi” — ihlumela elilodwa) ne-”qí qiāng” (旗枪, qíqiāng, “ifulegi nomkhonto” — ihlumela elineqabunga eliqala ukuvuleka), imele isigaba se-”hlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa ekuqaleni kokuphuma” (一芽一叶初展). Isigaba sesine nesiphansi kwakuyi-”yīng zhǎo” (鹰爪, yīng zhǎo, “izipho zo-okhosi”). Ngakho-ke, “què shé” akusikho nje isingathekiso setekisi, kodwa izinga eliqinile lobuhle nezinga, elalichaza isikhundla setiye amakhulu eminyaka.

  KuShayina yanamuhla, igama elithi “Què Shé” seliwuphawu lokuhweba nowokubonisa izinga eliphezulu kuhlu lwetiye eliluhlaza lezifunda eziningi, ngalinye elahamba indlela yalo kusuka emkhiqizo ongenagama wendawo kuya kumkhiqizo owaziwayo futhi oqokiwe ngokwesimo sendawo.

• Igama:

  • “Què” (雀) — inkamane.
  • “Shé” (舌) — ulimi.
  • “Lǜ Chá” (绿茶) — itiye eliluhlaza.
  • Igama lichaza ngokunembile isimo samaqabunga: amancane, ayizicaba, agobe kancane, acijile ekugcineni — kungathi yizilimi zenkamane. Ngemuva kokusha, ihlumela neqabunga kuhlukana kancane, kwakheka isimo esifana nomlomo wenkamane ovulekile (雀嘴形, quèzuǐ xíng).

• Injongo yamasiko: I-Què Shé iwuphawu lobuhle obuphelele esikweni letiye laseShayina. Ukubukela ukuvuleka kwezilimi ezincane engilazini ekhanyayo kuwukuzijabulisa ngokuzindla okuzimele. Itiye elinesimo se-”què shé” ngokwesiko lalibhekwa njengesipho esifanele: ubuhle balo obuncane, umsebenzi onzima wokukhiqiza kanye nokunambitheka okuyisikhethekile kwaveza inhlonipho kulowo owayesamukela. Isiko lezinkondlo lokusebenzisa umfanekiso we-”què shé” ezincwadini — kusuka kuLiú Yǔxī kuya kuWāng Tíngnà (汪廷讷, “玉壶烹雀舌，金碗注龙团” — “Engilazini eyigugu yobumba kuphekwa izilimi zenkamane, esitsheni segolide kuthelwa idrako eliyindilinga”) — kufakazela isimo esingaguquki salesi simo esikweni laseShayina.

3. Isichazelo Sezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

• Izinhlobo / Cultivari: Ekukhiqizeni itiye elinesimo se-”què shé” kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo, ezifanele indawo ethile:
  • Guizhou (Méitán): Fúdǐng Dàbáichá (福鼎大白茶, Fúdǐng Dàbáichá), kanye nezinhlobo zasendaweni zaseGuizhou.
  • Sichuan (Yíbīn): Izinhlobo ezilingene nezincane zamaqabunga aseSichuan (四川中小叶种, Sìchuān zhōng-xiǎoyè zhǒng), ezijwayelene nokuphaphama ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
  • Jiangsu (Jīntán): Izinhlobo zendawo eziwumphakathi (群体种, qúntǐzhǒng), kanye nezinye ezikhethiwe.
  • Zhejiang (Anji): Bái Yè Yī Hào (白叶一号, Bái Yè Yī Hào, “Iqabunga Elimhlophe #1”) — icultivari enezinga eliphansi le-chlorophyll nephakeme lama-amino acid.
  • Sichuan (Méngdǐng): Izinhlobo ezincane zamaqabunga zasendaweni yaseMéngdǐng. Isici esifanayo — izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane noma aphakathi nendawo zohlobo lwe-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, ezikhiqiza amahlumela amancane, ahlangene, afanele ukwakheka kube yisimo esicaba futhi esincane.
• Ukuvuna: Intwasahlobo yokuqala — isikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu. ESichuan, ukuvuna kungaqala ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari; eJiangsu naseZhejiang — maphakathi noMashi. Ezindongeni eziphakeme, kuvunwa kuphela ngaphambi kweQīngmíng (明前, míngqián).
• Izinga lokuvuna: Ihlumela elilodwa (单芽) noma ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa ekuqaleni kokuphuma (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chūzhǎn). Leli yizinga eliphezulu kakhulu, eliqine kakhulu kunaleli letiye eliluhlaza eliningi. Isiko laseSichuan le-Yíbīn Quèshé lifaka umthetho “wezinjabulo eziyisishiyagalolunye” (九不采, jiǔ bù cǎi): akumele kuvunwe ngesikhathi semvula, amahlumela anezimbaxa eziningi, amahlumela angenashukela, avulekile, amade kakhulu, amancane, amafushane, alinyazwe izimbungulu kanye nalawo anesifo.
• Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Ziphakeme kakhulu. Wonke amahlumela kumele abe aphelele, aqavile, angalingani ngosayizi. Ukuvuna ngesandla kuyimpoqo, ngoba okomshini akuhlinzeki ngokunemba okudingekayo.

4. Indawo Yokutshala Nezici Zokutshala:

• Ukwahlukahlukana kwezindawo: Njengoba i-Què Shé ikhiqizwa ezifundazweni ezahlukahlukene, izimo zokutshala ziyahlukahluka kakhulu:
  • Méitán (Guizhou): Ithafa laseGuizhou, ukuphakama okungu-500–1200 m. Isimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama, inkungu nezimvula ezinomswakama, inhlabathi ene-asidi eluhlaza ngokubomvu. “Umhlaba omnyama waseNingizimu” — ngenye yezindawo ezinkulu zetiye eShayina ngokwesikhala (万亩茶海, “Ulwandle Oluyizinkulungwane Eziyishumi Lwetiye”).
  • Yíbīn (Sichuan): INingizimu yeSichuan, enye yezindawo zetiye eziphaphama kusenesikhathi ezweni. Isimo sezulu esibuthaka, ukuphaphama kwezitshalo kusenesikhathi, inhlabathi ewubucwibi. Izingadi zetiye zihlanganiswe nezimbali eziphungayo ze-osmanthus nezingkosana ezingi-ginkgo, ezandisa ukukhanya okungaqondile.
  • Jīntán (Jiangsu): Indawo eneziqongo eziwuthafa eningizimu yoMfula iYangtze, 30–300 m. Isimo sezulu esibuthaka nesinomswakama ngezikhathi ezibonakalayo zonyaka.
  • Méngdǐng (Sichuan): Indawo yezintaba, 800–1400 m, inkungu eqhubekayo, isimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama (emininingwane — bheka i-athikili ethi “Méng Dǐng Máo Fēng”).
• Izici ezifanayo: Zonke izindawo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza i-Què Shé zitholakala endaweni yesimo sezulu esishisayo, enhlabathini ekhipha amanzi kahle, ene-asidi noma ene-asidi encane, enemvula eyanele kanye nengxenye enkulu yokukhanya okungaqondile. Ukwahluka kwezinga lokushisa emini nasebusuku kukhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwama-amino acid nokwakheka kwephrofayili ezwakalayo ezwakalayo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Umsebenzi omkhulu wobuchwepheshe wokukhiqizwa kwe-Què Shé — ukunika izinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile isimo esicijile, esicaba “solimi lwenkamane” ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuqotho beqabunga. Isikebhe esejwayelekile:

1. Ukuvuna (采摘 — cǎizhāi): Ngesandla, ngokukhetha, ngezinga le-”hlumela” noma “hlumela + iqabunga elilodwa ekuqaleni kokuphuma”.
2. Ukuvuthwa (摊凉 — tānliáng): Izinto ezivuniwe zihanjiswa ngongqimba omncane amahora angu-2–4 ukuze kususwe umswakama owedlulele futhi kuqalise ukwakheka kwezakhi zephunga lekusasa.
3. “Ukubulawa kokuluhlaza” (杀青 — shāqīng): Ukosa ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (ipani, irola noma isigubhu) ukuze kumiswe uketshezi oludala i-oxidation, kulondolozwe umbala oluhlaza futhi kususwe ukunambitheka kweziqunga. Isigaba esibalulekile esidinga ubungcweti: uma kusengaphezulu, amahlumela athambile ayashiswa, uma kungekho ngokwanele — kuhlala “ukuluhlaza okungaphekiwe”.
4. Ukuphola (晾凉 — liàngliáng): Ngemuva kwe-shāqīng, amaqabunga ahanjiswa ukuze kulinganise izinga lokushisa nomswakama.
5. Ukwakheka (做形 — zuòxíng / 理条 — lǐtiáo): Isigaba esisemqoka. Amaqabunga ngokwesandla noma ngemishini ekhethekile yokwakha anikezwa isimo esicaba, eside, esicijile ngokuphindaphinda: ukuphonsa (抛, pāo), ukunyakazisa (抖, dǒu), ukucindezela (压, yā), nokusheleliswa okulula (搓, cuō). Le nqubo idinga ubungcweti obuphezulu: amaqabunga kumele abe alinganayo, ayizicaba, aphelele, ngaphandle kwemifantu nokugoduka. Yilesi sigaba esihlukanisa i-Què Shé kwamanye amatiye aluhlaza.
6. Ukomiswa (干燥 — gānzào): Ukomisa kokugcina ngezigaba eziningana ngezinga lokushisa elehla kancane kancane kuze kwenzeke umswakama olinganiselwa ku-5–7 %. Kuqinisa isimo, kufaka iphunga nombala.
7. Ukuhlukaniswa (分级 — fēnjí): Itiye eseliphelele lihlukaniswa ngosayizi, isimo nezinga. Kuyalahlwa amaqabunga aphukile, agoqekile nalawo angalingani.

6. Izici Zokuzwa:

• Ukuvela kweqabunga elomile: Izingcezu ezincane, eziyizicaba (扁平, biǎnpíng), ezide, ezigobe kancane futhi ezicijile ekugcineni — zifana ncamashi nezilimi zezinkamane. Ububanzi bungu-4–5 mm, ubude bungu-15–20 mm. Umbala — kusuka koluhlaza okhanyayo (izinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile) kuye koluhlaza omnyama ogcwele, ngezinye izikhathi kube noboya obusiliva emahlumela. Izingcezu ziphelele, zilinganile, zilingana ngosayizi, kunomthamo omncane wokusaphuka. Ingaphezulu libushelelezi, linokucwebezela okuncane.
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elisanda, elihlanzekile, elinemisindo yohlaza lwasentwasahlobo, izici ezincane zezimbali, ngezinye izikhathi kube nokuncane kwewolintu noma amakhethelwane — kuye ngendawo nobuchwepheshe. Kwi-Què Shé yaseGuizhou — “iphunga le-millet” (粟香, sùxiāng) elicacile elinezimpawu zezimbali; kweyaseJiangsu — iphunga le-chestnut elihlanzekile.
• Iphunga lokuqheqheba: Likhanya, lisanda, kunemisindo yohlaza nezimbali. Iphunga elihlanzekile, “elikhanyayo” ngaphandle kobunzima nentuthu. Ukuqina — okuphakathi kuya phezulu.
• Ukunambitheka: Okuthambile, okuthe xaxa, okuqabulayo (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng), okunoshukela, nokunephunga lokuncela okuncane nobumnandi obude. Ngenxa yobuncane obukhethekile bezinto ezingavuthiwe — “ukunambitheka” okucacile kanye nobushelelezi bezinto. Imisindo yohlaza, izimbali, izithelo, amawolintu — iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifunda. I-Méitán Quèshé — 醇厚爽口 (chúnhòu shuǎngkǒu) — “igcwele futhi lyangaphilisa”; i-Jīntán Quèshé — inemisindo ecacile ye-chestnut.
• Umbala wokuqheqheba: Kusuka koluhlaza okhanyayo kuye koluhlaza oluphuzi, okukhanyayo, okuhlanzekile, kunozwembozo oluhle. Kwezinhlobo zaseGuizhou — oluphuzi oluhlaza okhanyayo.
• Ishumi letiye (iqabunga elishisiwe): Amaqabunga amancane aphelele, anwetshiwe, athambile futhi aluhlaza ngokukhanya, avuleke abe “yisimo somlomo” (雀嘴形) — ihlumela neqabunga kuhlukana kancane, kwakheka umlomo omncane ovulekile. Ukulingana nobuncane basheshi yetiye kuyinkomba eyinhloko yezinga.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

I-Què Shé, ngenxa yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisencane futhi ezithambile, ine-amino acid amaningi kakhulu kanye nama-polyphenol alinganiselwe, okwakha iphrofayili yokunambitheka ethambile, enoshukela.

• Ama-Polyphenol (ama-catechin): Izinga elingaphezulu kwesilinganiso samanye amatiye aluhlaza ngo-10–15 % (ngokusho kweBaidu Baike), ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuncane bezinto ezingavuthiwe. I-catechin ehamba phambili yi-EGCG.
• Ama-amino acid (cf. I-L-theanine): Izinga eliphakeme — inkomba ye-amino acid ye-”què shé” nayo ingaphezu kwesilinganiso samanye amatiye aluhlaza. I-L-theanine inquma ubumnandi obuqondene nalesi siphuzo kanye “nomzimba” womhluzi.
• Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine — izinga elilinganiselwe, elijwayelekile kumatiye aluhlaza athambile. Itheobromine, itheophylline — ngomthamo omncane.
• Amavithamini: C (okuqukethwe okukhulu), amaqembu B.
• Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-fluoride, i-magnesium, i-zinc.
• Isici esikhethekile: Isilinganiso sama-amino acid kuma-polyphenol kwe-”què shé” sigxile kwelama-amino acid, okuchaza ubumnene nokungabi khona kokubaba okucijile ngisho nalapho kushiswe ngokweqile.

8. Iminyuzi Yezempilo:

• Umphumela we-antioxidant: Izinga eliphezulu lama-catechin (EGCG) linikeza ukuvikela amaseli ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative futhi libambezele inqubo yokuguga.
• Umphumela othambile wokuvuselela: Inhlanganisela elinganiselwe ye-caffeine ne-L-theanine inikeza ukunyuka okuhle kokugxila, ubuqabavu obunokuthula ngaphandle kokukhathazeka.
• Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba: Ama-polyphenol kanye no-vithamini C anikela ekwandiseni ukumelana nezifo zesizini.
• Ukuxhasa ukugayeka kokudla: Umhluzi opholile, othambile usiza isimiso sokugayeka, ngaphandle kokucasula ulwelwesi.
• Umphumela oqabulayo: Uncisha unxano kahle kakhulu; ulungele isimo sezulu esishisayo.
• Ukuxhasa inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ukuphuza itiye eliluhlaza njalo kuhlotshaniswa nokwenza ngcono izinkomba zephrofayili ye-lipid.
• Inzuzo esikhumbeni: Ama-antioxidant etiye eliluhlaza anomthelela ekugcineni ithoni nokuhlanzeka kwesikhumba.

9. Ukushisa:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 75–85 °C. Okwe-tèjí (ihlumela elilodwa) — 70–75 °C; okwejwayelekile “hlumela + iqabunga” — 80–85 °C. Ukushisa ngokweqile akwamukelekile — kubhubhisa iphunga elibuthakathaka futhi kudala ukubaba.
• Inani letiye: 3–5 g ku-150–200 ml wamanzi.
• Isitsha: Inglazi ekhanyayo (玻璃杯) — ukuze ubuke “umdanso wezilimi” (lokhu kungenye yezinjabulo ezinkulu zobuhle lapho kuzohlinzwa i-Què Shé). I-gaiwan yobumba — ukuze iphunga livezwe ngokugcwele.
• Inqubo:
  1. Shisa isitsha ngamanzi abilayo, uwathulule.
  2. Faka itiye esitsheni.
  3. Ukugeza — ukuhlanza okusheshayo (imizuzwana engu-1–2), ngokuzikhethela kwezindlela eziphakeme.
  4. Thela amanzi ezingeni lokushisa elifanele futhi ume imizuzu engu-1–2 (indlela yaseYurophu) noma imizuzwana engu-8–15 (gongfu, 5–6 g ku-120 ml).
  5. Thela umhluzi.
  6. Phinda ukushisa izikhathi ezi-3–5, wenyuse isikhathi ngemizuzwana eyi-10–15. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile zikhipha ingcosana yezinto ezibalulekile ema-inisheni amabili kuya kwamathathu okuqala.

10. Ukugcina:

• Ukupakishwa okuvalekile nokungangeni ukukhanya — amaphakethe e-vacuum nge-foil, izitini zikathayela.
• Kufanele kugcinwe efrijini (0–5 °C), ikhamelo elihlukile. Ngaphambi kokuvula — kuphoqelekile ukukuma ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube kufudumala ngokuphelele.
• Isikhathi sokugcina — kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele; ngemuva kokuvulwa — amasonto angu-3–6.
• Izitha zetiye: umswakama, ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, amaphunga angaphandle.

11. Intengo Nezokukhathemba:

I-Què Shé isesigabeni esiphakathi nokuphakeme ngokwentengo. Intengo iyahlukahluka kakhulu ngezifunda: i-Méitán Quèshé yaseGuizhou ne-Jīntán Quèshé yaseJiangsu — ngokuvamile ziyabiza (kusuka ku-300 kuya ku-1500+ yuan ngo-500 g wezindlela eziphakeme); ama-Quèshé aseSichuan asajwayelekile — athengeka (kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-500 yuan). Izici eziyinhloko ezilawula intengo: izinga lezinto ezingavuthiwe (ihlumela elilodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nehlumela + iqabunga), isizini (ngaphambi kuka-Qīngmíng uma kuqhathaniswa nemva kwe-Qīngmíng), isifunda kanye nomkhiqizo.

• Ungazigwema kanjani izokukhathemba:
  • Thenga ezitolo eziyitiyelo eziyisipesheli ezinolwazi olukhanyayo ngokuhlukahluka, isivuno kanye nomkhiqizi.
  • Isimo samaqabunga — yisici esiyinhloko: i-Qúes Shé eyiqiniso — izilimi eziphelele, ezincane, eziyizicaba, ezicijile, ngaphandle kwamaphandle amakhulu nhlangothi kanye neziqu eziqinile.
  • Iphunga leqabunga elomile — elisanda, luhlaza nezimbali, lihlanzekile, ngaphandle kokubola.
  • Umhluzi — ukhanyele, oluhlaza okhanyayo kuya koluhlaza oluphuzi. Ukungacacisi, umbala omnyama — yizimpawu zekhwalithi ephansi.
  • Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo (engaphansi kuka-80 yuan ngo-500 g kwe-”tèjí Quèshé” kunoma isiphi isifunda) — lokho kuyimbangela yokungabaza.

12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:

• Isigaba sasendulo sobuncane: Esikweni lakudala laseShayina, iqabunga letiye lalihlelwa ngezitepisi ezine: “liánxīn” (莲心, umgogodla wephuzi — ihlumela elilodwa), “qí qiāng” (旗枪, ifulegi nomkhonto — ihlumela eliqala ukuvuleka), “què shé” (雀舌, ulimi lwenkamane — ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa elivulekayo) kanye “no-yīng zhǎo” (鹰爪, izipho zo-okhosi — ihlumela elivuthiwe kakhulu). Zonke lezi zitebhisi ziyizingathekiso ezinobunkondlo nezilwane ezinembile.
• Itiye lokuzindla: Ukushisa i-Què Shé engilazini ekhanyayo kuyisiko lobuhle elizimele. Izilimi ezincane zehla kancane, ziyavuleka futhi “zidansa” emanzini, zibonisa ubuncane nokuqina kwezinto ezingavuthiwe.
• Izinjabulo eziyisishiyagalolunye ze-Yíbīn: Isiko laseSichuan lokukhiqiza i-Yíbīn Quèshé lifaka umthetho “wezinjabulo eziyisishiyagalolunye” ekukhetheni (九不采): akumele kuvunwe ngesikhathi semvula, amahlumela anezimbaxa eziningi, angenashukela, avulekile, amade, amancane, amafushane, alinyazwe izinambuzane kanye nalawo anesifo — ukuqina okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili ekukhetheni.
• Imendle yegolide yomhlaba: I-Méitán Quèshé yaseGuizhou (Méitán Cuìyá) yathola umklomelo omkhulu wegolide ngo-2011 emqhudelwaneni womhlaba wetiye eliluhlaza (世界绿茶评比), iqinisekisa isimo somhlaba salesi simo.
• I-Què Shé engeyona eluhlaza: I-Wǔyí Quèshé (武夷雀舌) — iwukuphela “kolimi lwenkamane” olungeyona eluhlaza. Lolu ulungu (岩茶, yánchá), olususelwa enzalweni engaphili ka-Dà Hóng Páo (大红袍). Inamaqabunga amancane, indawo encane yokutshala kanye nentengo ephakeme, “liwubulongwe obumhlophe” phakathi kwe-Què Shé.

13. Izinhlobo Ze-Què Shé:

• Méitán Quèshé / Méitán Cuìyá (湄潭翠芽, Méitán Cuìyá): EGuizhou, esifundeni saseMéitán. I-”què shé” eyihamba phambili eShayina. Isimo — siyizicaba, sibushelelezi, sifana nembewu kaphalafini. Uboya abuveli. Umbala — uluhlaza ngokukhanya. Iphunga — “phunga le-millet” (粟香) elihlanzekile elinezimpawu zezimbali. Ukunambitheka — ukugcwala, okuqabulayo, nobumnandi obude.
• Jīntán Quèshé (金坛雀舌, Jīntán Quèshé): EJiangsu, esifundeni saseJīntán. Umkhiqizo osemthethweni we-GI kusukela ngo-2013. Isimo — siyizicaba, side, silinganile, “sifana nolimi lwenkanu”. Umbala — uluhlaza ngokucwebezela okuncane. Iphunga — lihlanzekile, liphakeme, linemisindo ecacile ye-chestnut. Ukunambitheka — kusanda, kuthambile.
• Yíbīn Quèshé (宜宾雀舌, Yíbīn Quèshé): ESichuan, edolobheni iYíbīn. Elinye lamatiye asenesikhathi kunazo zonke eShayina — ukuvuna kuqala maphakathi noFebhuwari. Isimo — siyizicaba, silinganile, siluhlaza ngamafutha. Iphunga — lihlanzekile, lisanda. Ukunambitheka — kuthambile, kunoshukela. Umthetho “wezinjabulo eziyisishiyagalolunye” ngesikhathi sokuvuna.
• Méngshān Quèshé (蒙山雀舌, Méngshān Quèshé): ESichuan, entabeni iMéngdǐng Shān. Umkhiqizo we-elite wohlu lwetiye laseMéngdǐng, ngokuvamile ususelwa emahlumela awodwa. Isimo — siyizicaba, siqonde, siluhlaza ngothando ngoboya. Iphunga — lithambile, linezimbali ne-chestnut. Ukunambitheka — kunoshukela, kucijile. Isimo somlando setiye lomnikelo.
• Pújiāng Quèshé (蒲江雀舌, Pújiāng Quèshé): ESichuan, esifundeni sasePújiāng (eChengdu). Eningi, elithengekayo. Isimo — esijwayelekile “solimi”. Ukunambitheka — kuhlanzekile, kuqabulayo.
• Éméi Quèshé (峨眉雀舌, Éméi Quèshé): ESichuan, entabeni iÉméi Shān. Indawo yezintaba eziphakeme (800–1500 m), inkungu neqhwa eliningi. Izimpawu zokuhweba “Zhúyèqīng” (竹叶青) kanye “no-Éméi Xuě Yá” (峨眉雪芽) — eziphakathi kwezaziwa kakhulu eSichuan. Isimo — siyizicaba, side. Iphunga — lihlanzekile, lisanda, linemisindo yezindawo eziphakeme.
• Wǔyí Quèshé (武夷雀舌, Wǔyí Quèshé): EFujian, ezintabeni zaseWǔyí. Qaphela: lolu ulungu (岩茶), hhayi itiye eliluhlaza. Izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane, ezisuselwa ku-Dà Hóng Páo. Izindawo ezincane zokutshala, intengo ephezulu. Iphunga — izimbali ezinamandla ngemisindo ye-mineral; ukunambitheka — okuminyene, okune-”岩韵” (yányùn, “umlingiswa wamawa”).

Ekuphetheni:

I-Què Shé — akuyona nje itiye, kodwa ifilosofi yesimo, lapho ubuhle obuphelele kungenakwehlukaniswa nokunambitheka. Wonke ulimi oluncane — luwumphumela womsebenzi wezobuciko: kusuka ekukhetheni okuqine kakhulu kwamahlumela ekuseni kuya emizamweni ephindaphindwayo yokwakha ngesandla. Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa kufihle umhlaba wonke wezindawo, ama-cultivar kanye namasiko — kusuka “ezilwandle zetiye” zaseGuizhou kuya emadwaleni aseWǔyí, kusuka emasimini ase-Yíbīn asenesikhathi kuya eziqongweni ezinamafu zaseMéngdǐng Shān. Kumuntu othanda itiye, i-Què Shé iyisimemo sokuphuza ngokuzindla, lapho ubuhle beqabunga elivulekayo bubalulekile kanganganokunambitheka komhluzi, futhi inkezo ngayinye ikhumbuza isiko leminyaka eyinkulungwane, lapho itiye lingekona nje isiphuzo, kodwa ubuciko.