Pújiāng Què Shé · new.thetea.app

Pújiāng Què Shé (蒲江雀舌, Pújiāng què shé) itiye eliluhlaza laseSichuan elidumile, eliwumfanekiso womkhakha we-«què shé» (雀舌, «ulimi lomzwilili»). Leli yitiye lokuqala nelilodwa laseChengdu elathola isimo somkhiqizo onokuvikelwa kwendawo. Liphawuleka ngokuvunwa kusenesikhathi — lifika emakethe nsuku eziyi-10–35 ngaphambi kweLóng Jǐng (龙井, lóng jǐng) — nangezimpawu ezine ezinhle kakhulu: «umbala uluhlaza okotshani, iphunga liphezulu, ukunambitheka kuhlanzekile, isimo sihle» (色翠、香高、味醇、形美, sè cuì, xiāng gāo, wèi chún, xíng měi).

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshiwe, 绿茶, lǜchá). Ukumiswa kokuhlaza kwenziwa ngokugazinga ngesigubhu.
Umkhakha: Itiye lesifunda elinegama laseSichuan; umkhiqizo wesikhombi sezwe sokuvikela indawo (国家地理标志产品, guójiā dìlǐ biāozhì chǎnpǐn, kusukela ngo-2008); ufakwe ohlwini lwezimpawu zendawo oluphansi kwesivumelwano se-China-EU sokuvikelana; umklomelo wokuqala kathathu emqhudelwaneni we-«Zhōng Chá Bēi» (中茶杯).
Imvelaphi: I-China; isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, Sìchuān); isifunda sase-Pújiāng (蒲江县, Pújiāng Xiàn) ngaphansi kukamasipala wase-Chéngdū (成都, Chéngdū). Indawo evikelwe inhliziyo yonke yesifunda. Inhliziyo yokukhiqiza – amadolobhana ase-Chéngjiā (成佳镇, Chéngjiā Zhèn, lapho okwasungulwa khona imodeli «yokuphathwa kwezingadi zetiye»), i-Dàtáng (大塘镇, Dàtáng Zhèn, indawo yasendulo ye-gòngchá) ne-Xīlái (西来镇, Xīlái Zhèn); wona akhiqiza cishe u-80% wamabanga aphezulu kakhulu.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: ~30°12′ N, 103°30′ E (inkaba yesifunda sase-Pújiāng).

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando:

Usikompilo lwetiye e-Pújiāng luneminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane nezinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Isifunda sasungulwa ngo-554 AD, emandulo sasiyingxenye yesifunda sase-Línqióng (临邛, Línqióng), futhi ukukhiqizwa kwetiye kwaqoshwa lapha ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwa-Hàn no-Jìn.

Isikhathi sika-Táng saba isikhathi sokuzalwa kwegama. U-Lù Yǔ (陆羽, Lù Yǔ, 733–804) encwadini yakhe ethi «Inkanyezi Yetiye» (《茶经》, Chájīng) wabhala: «Ezifundeni ezimbalwa zase-Línqióng kukhiqizwa itiye: huǒ-qián, huǒ-hòu, nèn-lǜ, huáng-yá» (临邛数邑茶，有火前、火后、嫩绿、黄芽等号). I-«huǒ-qián» (火前) itiye elivunwa ngaphambi komkhosi wokudla okubandayo (寒食节, Hánshí Jié), lapho kwakungavunyelwe ukuphemba umlilo; imiqumbe yayo emincane yayifana nolimi lomzwilili — lapho kuqhamuka khona igama elithi «què shé». Imbongi enkulu u-Liú Yǔxī (刘禹锡, Liú Yǔxī, 772–842), ngenkathi ihamba e-Sichuan, yachaza ukwenziwa kwetiye «okumise okonkomo lwephaphu» (形如鹰嘴) enkondlweni ethi «Ingoma Yokuhlola Itiye Endaweni Engcwele Yasezintabeni zase-Xīshān» (《西山兰若试茶歌》).

Ngesikhathi se-Southern Sòng (南宋, Nán Sòng), isazi se-neo-Confucian u-Wèi Liǎowēng (魏了翁, Wèi Liǎowēng), ongowokuzalwa e-Pújiāng, waletha itiye lalapha enkantolo, futhi i-Pújiāng Què Shé yathola isimo se-gòngchá (贡茶, gòngchá, «itiye lomnikelo»). Izindawo eziphambili zokukhiqiza kwakuyi-monastery i-Báihèsì (白鹤寺, Báihè Sì) kanye nedolobhana i-Dàtáng. Umbhalo ka-Wèi Liǎowēng othi «Amanothi Ngetiye Lasekuqaleni Lase-Qióngzhōu» (《邛州先茶记》, Qióngzhōu Xiānchá Jì) kamuva wafakwa kwi-«Inkanyezi Yetiye YaseChina» (《中国茶经》) eyisisekelo.

Ngesikhathi sika-Qīng (清, Qīng), umbiko wephephandaba i-«Pújiāng jiùzhì» (《蒲江旧志》, 1736–1796) waqopha: «E-Pújiāng entwasahlobo kuvunwa imiqumbe efana nezilimi zomzwilili». Umbhalo wesifunda wesikhathi sika-Guāngxù (光绪, Guāngxù) waphawula ngokuhlabeka umxhwele: «Ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kunephunga elimnandi; lapho kufakwa amanzi – kufana nobisi lwe-jade» (味甘芳，煎如碧乳). Ngesikhathi seRiphabhuliki, e-Pújiāng kwakunezimboni zetiye ezingama-34: ezingu-17 e-Chéngjiā, ezingu-13 e-Dàtáng, ezingu-3 e-Shòu’ān kanye no-1 e-Xīlái.

Umlando wakamuva uphawulwe ngochungechunge lokuqashelwa. Ngo-2008, i-Pújiāng Què Shé yathola isimo somkhiqizo onokuvikelwa kwendawo — itiye lokuqala nelilodwa lase-Chengdu. Ngo-2009, yangena ku-«Top-100» yezimpawu zezolimo zaseChina. Ngo-2010, yabhaliswa njengophawu lwentengiso lwesitifiketi se-GI, kwathi ngo-2011 inani lophawu lalinganiselwa kumayuan ayizigidi ezingama-912. Ngo-2024, indawo yezingadi zetiye yayisifinyelele ku-200,000 mu (≈13,333 ha), umkhiqizo wonyaka — amathani angu-15,000, inani eliphelele lomkhiqizo lalingaphezu kwebhiliyoni elilodwa lamayuan. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Pújiāng Què Shé yaba itiye lokuqala le-què shé eChina ukuthola isitifiketi sokungathathi kwekhabhoni (碳中和, tàn zhōnghé) esivela ku-Sichuan United Ecological Exchange.

Igama: I-蒲江 (Pújiāng) — igama lesifunda; i-雀 (què) — «umzwilili»; i-舌 (shé) — «ulimi». Incazelo ephelele: «ulimi lomzwilili oluvela e-Pújiāng» — okususelwa esimweni samaqabunga entwasahlobo asemasha amancane afana noluncane lwenyoni. Lesi sithombe siphindaphindwa emagameni amatiye amaningi adumile (i-Bā Shān Què Shé, i-Níngqiáng Què Shé, i-Jīntán Què Shé), kodwa yi-Pújiāng eqinisekise «isibongo» — «i-què shé enekheli lase-Pújiāng».
Ukubaluleka kwezamasiko: I-Pújiāng Què Shé iwuphawu olukhulu lwetiye lase-Chengdu kanye nophawu lwemboni yetiye entshonalanga ne-Sichuan. Isifunda sithuthukisa ezokuvakasha kwetiye: uMkhosi Waminyaka Yonke Wokuvuna Itiye WaseChina (中国采茶节, Zhōngguó Cǎichá Jié) e-Chéngjiā uheha izihambeli ezifinyelela ku-10,000 ngosuku. Itiye lihlotshaniswa nesithombe «sentwasahlobo esheshayo» — ngenxa yesimo sezulu esithambile sase-Pújiāng, ukuvunwa kuqala ngoFebruwari, emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kwezindawo ezaziwayo zetiye e-Zhèjiāng nase-Jiāngsū, okuqinisekise igama layo eliyinkondlo elithi «Itiye Lokuqala Lentwasahlobo Esheshayo» (早春第一茶).

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Uhlobo / cultivar: Izinhlobo eziphambili ezitshalwayo ziyi-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis — ama-clone amaqabunga amaphakathi namancane: i-Fúxuǎn 9 (福选9号, Fúxuǎn 9 Hào) ne-Míngshān Bái Háo 131 (名山白毫131, Míngshān Bái Háo 131). Zombili ziphawuleka ngokuvuka kwasekuqaleni kwemiqumbe, ukumelana neqhwa okuphezulu, imiqumbe egcwele, enamanzi futhi enoboya obugqamile. Iphrofayili yebhayoloji: i-polyphenols ≥25%, ama-amino acid ≥3.5%, okuzenza zifanelekele ngokuphelele ukukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza elinephunga eliphakeme kanye nokumelana okuhehayo nokuchitheka.
Ukuvuna: Ukuvuna kwentwasahlobo kusukela ngoFebruwari kuya ku-Ephreli. Ngenxa yomphumela omkhulu wesamba samazinga okushisa afudumele entwasahlobo esheshayo, i-Pújiāng yandulela izindawo zetiye zase-Zhèjiāng ne-Jiāngsū ngezinsuku eziyi-10–35.
Izinga lokuvuna: Ebangeni eliphezulu kakhulu (特级, tèjí) — imiqumbe esodwa kuphela (单芽, dān yá) enobude obungu-≤2.5 cm; ebangeni lokuqala — umqumbe oneqabunga elilodwa elivuleke kancane (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chū zhǎn); kowesibili — umqumbe onamaqabunga amabili. Ukuze kutholakale u-500 g wetiye elisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kudingeka imiqumbe ephakathi kuka-50,000 no-80,000.
Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Kunomgomo onamandla wokuthi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Ezingavunyelwe» (九不采, jiǔ bù cǎi): ungavuni emvuleni, ungathathi imiqumbe ecekeceke, esodwa (engenawo amaqabunga aseduze), elimazwe umoya, ehlaselwe izinambuzane, evulekile, elingenalutho, eligulayo, elide kakhulu noma elifushane kakhulu. Izinto ezivuniwe zilethwa efemini ngalo lolo suku; ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa kuqinisekiswa ukungena komoya futhi kuvinjelwe ukushisa.

4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:

Isifunda sase-Pújiāng sisemaphethelweni aseningizimu-ntshonalanga yethafa lase-Chengdu, ekuhlanganeni kwamasipala ase-Chengdu, e-Méishān (眉山) nase-Yǎ’ān (雅安). Indawo — amagquma athambile nezintaba eziphansi (浅丘低山), okuvamile ezintabeni zasentanyeni zomfula osentshonalanga ye-Sichuan.

Ubude bendawo etshalwa kuyo: 550–630 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle (indawo evikelwe yesikhombi sendawo).
Isimo sezulu: Amazinga okushisa aphakathi ngonyaka angu-16.4 °C; isikhathi esingenazikhukhula sezinsuku ezingama-302; imvula eningi — 1280 mm ngonyaka. Isamba samazinga okushisa asebenzayo entwasahlobo siphakeme kunasezindaweni zetiye zase-Zhèjiāng nase-Jiāngsū, okuqinisekisa ukuhluma kwasekuqaleni. Imisebe esakazeke ngamafu yingxenye engaphezu kuka-70% womthombo wokukhanya — izimo ezikahle zokuqongelela ama-amino acid kanye nezinto ezinamaphunga.
Umhlabathi: Kugcwele ama-loam aphuzi-aphethuli (黄紫壤, huáng zǐ rǎng) ane-pH engu-4.5–6.5, izinto eziphilayo ≥15 g/kg engxenyeni engaphezulu kanye nokujula kongqimba lwe-humus okufinyelela cishe ku-15 cm. Umhlabathi unothe nge-zinc ne-magnesium, okuyinto enhle ekuthambekeni kweqabunga nasekuqongeleleni kwezandulela zephunga.
Imvelo namahlathi: Izinga lamahlathi esifundeni lingu-49.16%. Izingadi zetiye zihlanganiswe nezihlahla ze-Masson pine (马尾松, mǎwěi sōng), zakhe izithiyo zemvelo (生态阻隔) ekusakazekeni kwezilokazane. Izinga lomoya lihlangabezana nezinga lesibili lezwe, amanzi angaphezulu — izinga lesithathu. Amasimu akude nezindawo zokuhlala zasemadolobheni, okususa ukungcola kwezimboni.
Ezolimo: Izithombo — zisakazwa ngokuhluma (ukugawula amagatsha). Ukutshala kwenziwa ngemigqa emibili, ≤7,000 izihlahla ngemu (667 m²). Ukufaka umquba ikakhulukazi okuphilayo: umquba oyisisekelo ≥300 kg/mu/ngonyaka, ukondla okungekho ngaphansi kwezikhathi ezi-3 ngonyaka (≥100 kg/mu). Amasimu amasha enza izigaba ezintathu zokuthena okwakhayo, amadala — ukuthena okuncane noma okujulile minyaka yonke ukuvuselela umqhele.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Pújiāng Què Shé ikhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe, lapho izigaba ezenziwe ngemishini zihlangana nezimpawu zokusebenza zezandla eziyigugu, ezizuzwe njengamafa angabambeki esifunda. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwekhwalithi kuyilapho kugcinwa isimo nephunga eliyingqayizivele.

Ukwethuka/ukwandlalwa (摊放 — tān fàng): Imiqumbe esanda kuvunwa yandlalwa ngongqimba oluncane endaweni enomoya izikhathi eziyi-4–8. Ngalesi sikhathi, umswakama uyancipha (kufinyelela ku-15–20%), ama-enzyme ayasebenza, futhi izandulela zephunga ziyaqala ukwakheka.
Ukumiswa kokuhlaza (杀青 — shāqīng): Ukugazinga ngesigubhu (滚筒杀青, gǔntǒng shāqīng) emazingeni okushisa angu-100–120 °C. Ukushisa okuphezulu kungenza ama-oxidase angasebenzi futhi kumise umbala oluhlaza weqabunga. Ukwenziwa kwemishini kwalesi sigaba kuqinisekisa ukufudumeza okuvamile.
Ukupholisa (摊凉 — tān liáng): Imiqumbe egaziwe yandlalwa ngokushesha ukuze iphole, okuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile nokuthi iphuzi.
Ukubunjwa nokuqondiswa (理条造形 — lǐ tiáo zào xíng): Ngezinga lokushisa elingu-90–110 °C, imiqumbe yetiye idluliswa emshinini wokubumba, oyinika isimo esicwebile, esiqondile «solimi lomzwilili». Lesi sigaba naso siyinxenye eyenziwe ngemishini.
Ukuqedwa ngesandla ebhodweni (人工辉锅 — réngōng huī guō): Ngezinga lokushisa elingu-80–90 °C, umsebenzi wezandla ucubungula itiye ngesandla ebhodweni eliyisicaba (辉锅, huī guō), elwela ukuthola ubushelelezi obuphelele bendlela yokungaphezulu, ukucwebezela okuyisici kanye nesimo sokugcina. Lesi sigaba siyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yobuciko bezandla, esigcinwe njengamafa angabambeki.
Ukuvuleka kwephunga ngesandla (人工提香 — réngōng tí xiāng): Ngezinga lokushisa elingu-100–110 °C, umsebenzi wezandla ufudumeza itiye isikhashana, ekhuphula futhi eqinisa amanothi ephezulu ephunga. Yilo msebenzi onquma «iphunga elihlala isikhathi eside ngemuva enkomishini epholile» (冷杯留香), okuyisici se-Pújiāng Què Shé.
Ukuhlukaniswa kokugcina nokwenziwa kahle (精制整形 — jīngzhì zhěng xíng): Ukususwa kwezingxenye ezingafanele, ukulinganisa ngosayizi nesimo.
Ukupakishwa (包装 — bāozhuāng): Ukuvala ngokuqinile kusetshenziswa i-foil ye-aluminium nezimbiza zensimbi ukuvikela ekukhoneni.

6. Izici Zokunambitha:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Imiqumbe ecwebile, eqondile, elinganisiwe enesimo se-«limi» (扁平挺直, biǎnpíng tǐngzhí). Umbala — uluhlaza okotshani ogcwele ocwebezelayo onamafutha noboya obumhlophe obugqamile (翠绿光润显毫). Imiqumbe yebanga eliphezulu kakhulu mincane, ifana nesimo se-«inhliziyo ye-lotus» (莲心, liánxīn).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Iphunga elihlanzekile, elisha eliluhlaza (清香, qīng xiāng) liyisisekelo. Ibanga eliphakeme kakhulu liphelezelwa ngephunga elimnene «lobusha» (嫩香, nèn xiāng); amaqoqo entwasahlobo — ngamanothi e-castnut (栗香, lì xiāng). Iphunga lizinzile, lihlala isikhathi eside enkomishini epholile.
Iphunga lokuthelwa: Liphezulu futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (馥郁高长, fùyù gāo cháng). Kunothi oluluhlaza olusha olubusayo ngesizinda esithambile esiyimbali-e-castnut. Lapho ukuphuza kuphola, iphunga alishabalali kodwa lithatha umthunzi wekhilimu.
Ukunambitheka: Kusha futhi kuyadudulana (鲜爽, xiān shuǎng) ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. Umzimba — ugcwele futhi uyisiyingi (醇厚, chún hòu) ngenxa yezinga elimaphakathi lama-polyphenol. Ukunambitheka okumnandi ngemuva (回甘, huí gān) kugqamile, ukuvutshelwa kuncane. Ukulinganisela kwama-amino acid nama-polyphenol kwakha iphrofayili yokunambitheka enokuvumelana, «emenyezelayo».
Umbala wokuthelwa: Uphuzi-oluhlaza, uhlanzekile futhi ucwebezelayo (黄绿明亮, huánglǜ míngliàng). Ukubonakala komgodi kukhulu.
Isozi letiye (iqabunga elenziwe itiye): Liluhlaza okotshani obuthambile, lilingene futhi lihlukene ngokufanayo (嫩绿匀整). Izingcezu zemiqumbe zigcina ukuphila, zivuleka zibe «ngamaqhakazi» (芽尖鲜活成朵).

7. Ukuhlanganiswa Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚): ≥25%. Phakathi kwama-catechin, i-EGCG ne-EGC amakhulu — ama-antioxidant anamandla. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu kumatiye aluhlaza asemasha, okubangelwa ukukhanya okukhulu kwamafu nobude obulingene.
Ama-Amino acid (氨基酸): ≥3.5%, okungaphezulu kakhulu kwesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza (ngokuvamile 2–3%). I-L-theanine iyisakhi esiyinhloko, esinesibopho sokusha okuyisici kokunambitheka, umphumela wokugxila okukhululekile kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi ngemuva.
Izinto ezikhishwa emanzini (水浸出物): ≥43.3% (ebangeni eliphezulu kakhulu) — isibonakaliso sokugcwala okuphezulu kokuthelwa kanye «nokuminyene» kokunambitheka.
Ama-Alkaloid: Ukuqukethwe kwe-caffeine kuphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nokuvunwa kwasehlobo-ekwindla, okuqinisekisa umphumela oqinile wokulondoloza amandla. Kukhona ne-theobromine ne-theophylline.
Amavithamini: I-Vitamin C — ukuqukethwe kungaphezulu ngo-10% kwesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza, okubangelwa ukuvunwa kusenesikhathi nokucubungulwa okuncane kokushisa. Kukhona futhi amavithamini eqembu B (B₁, B₂, B₆), i-vitamin E, i-vitamin K.
Amaminerali: I-Zinc ne-magnesium — izimpawu zemvelo zomhlabathi we-Pújiāng; i-potassium, i-manganese, i-fluoride.
Amafutha abalulekile: Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, ezakha «iphunga elihlanzekile» (清香) kanye «namanothi e-castnut» (栗香), kumiswa ngesigaba sokuvuleka kwephunga ngesandla (提香).

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Ukuvikela i-antioxidant: Ama-polyphenol (≥25%) achitha ngempumelelo ama-radical mahhala, okubambezela izinqubo zokuguga kwamaseli.
Umphumela wokufaka amandla: Ukuqukethwe okukhuphukile kwe-caffeine ngokuhlangana ne-L-theanine kuqinisekisa amandla amnene, ahlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokukhuphuka nokwehla okukhulu — umphumela «wokugxila okuthule».
Ukusekela isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-catechin asiza ukunciphisa izinga le-LDL-cholesterol kanye nokuthuthukisa ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukuphathiswa kwemetabolism: Ama-polyphenol ne-caffeine kukhuthaza ukushintshaniswa kwamafutha, okungasiza ekulawuleni isisindo somzimba.
Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba: I-Vitamin C ne-zinc evela emhlabathini wase-Pújiāng kusekela imisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba.
Impilo yesikhumba: Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-antioxidant (EGCG, i-vitamin E) kuvikela amangqamuzana esikhumba ekulimaleni okubangelwa ukukhanya.
Imisebenzi yobuchopho: I-L-theanine ikhuthaza umsebenzi wamagagasi e-alpha ebuchosheni, okusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukunaka nenkumbulo.
Kubalulekile: Lezi zinzuzo zisuselwa olwazini olujwayelekile ngetiye eliluhlaza futhi akuyona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Akunconyelwa ukuphuza esiswini esingenalutho (ama-tannin angacasula uhlaka lwesisu); okuhle kakhulu — ihora ngemva kokudla. Uma uphuza amaphilisi aqukethe i-iron, kufanele ulinde okungenani amahora ama-2.

9. Ukwenziwa Itiye:

Ukushisa kwamanzi: 80 °C emtiyeni ojwayelekile; 75 °C ebangeni eliphezulu kakhulu (特级). Iseluleko esisebenzayo: bilisa amanzi uwaphole isekhondi ezingaba ngu-90.
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml (isilinganiso esingu-1:50).
Isitsha: Ingilazi yengilazi (玻璃杯, bōli bēi) — ukubuka «umdanso wemiqumbe» lapho ivuleka; i-gaiwan ye-porcelain emhlophe (白瓷盖碗, báicí gàiwǎn) — ukuhlanganisa iphunga.
Inqubo:
1. Ukufudumeza isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwachitha.
2. Thela u-3 g wetiye.
3. Sebenzisa indlela «yokuthela okuphakathi» (中投法, zhōng tóu fǎ): kuqala uthele amanzi engxenyeni eyodwa kwezintathu zomthamo, ukumanzisa imiqumbe (润茶, rùnchá).
4. Emva komzuzu owodwa, engeza amanzi afinyelele ku-7/10 womthamo wesitsha.
5. Ukuthelwa kokuqala — cishe imizuzu emi-2–3.
6. Kuvunyelwe ukuthela izikhathi ezingafika kwezi-3 ngokwenyuka okuncane kwesikhathi.
Qaphela: Ukuthelwa kokuqala kuqukethe isambatho setiye esiningi (茶毫, chá háo) — lokhu akuyona inkinga, kodwa kuwuphawu lwebanga eliphakeme; kunconyelwa ukuphuza ungachithanga.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Ukushisa: 0–5 °C (esiqandisini) — isimo esiyimpoqo sokugcina ubutsha betiye eliluhlaza elisemasha.
Isitsha: Ukuvalwa kabili — ingxenye yangaphakathi yephepha le-aluminium + ibhokisi lensimbi yangaphandle (铝箔袋+铁罐双重密封). Kufanele kuvinjwe ukungena komoya nomswakama.
Ukukhanya: Gcina emnyameni; ukukhanya kwelanga nokwama-fluorescent kusheshisa ukukhonwa kwe-chlorophyll futhi kulimaze iphunga.
Iphunga: Hlukanisa emikhiqizweni enephunga elinamandla; itiye limunca ngamandla amanye amaphunga.
Isikhathi sokugcina: Izinyanga eziyi-12 ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Kunconyelwa ukusetshenziswa ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze kuzuzwe iphunga eligcwalisayo.

11. Intengo kanye Namamadluli:

I-Pújiāng Què Shé itiye elisezingeni eliphakathi neliphezulu-ndawonye. Itiye elijwayelekile lase-Pújiāng litholakala ngamanani entengo yemakethe enkulu, kodwa ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu elivela ezindaweni ezingumgogodla (i-Chéngjiā, i-Dàtáng, i-Xīlái) libiza kakhulu. I-Pújiāng Què Shé ephilayo (有机蒲江雀舌) kusukela ngonyaka ka-2010 ithengiswe ngentengo efinyelela kumayuan angu-5,000/kg nangaphezulu; inguqulo «engathathi kwekhabhoni» (碳中和, 2024) — cishe ngaphezulu ngo-40% kunenani elijwayelekile. Ngo-2009, kwakhiwa iqoqo lezimpawu zetiye ezaziwayo eziyi-8, okuhlanganisa i-«Lǜchāngmíng» (绿昌茗), i-«Jiāzhú» (嘉竹), i-«Liǎowēng» (了翁, ngokuhlonipha u-Wèi Liǎowēng), i-«Shǔtāo» (蜀涛) nezinye.

Ungawakugwema kanjani amamadluli:
- Hlola ukuba khona kophawu lwesikhombi sendawo (地理标志专用标志) emaphaketheni — bangalusebenzisa kuphela abakhiqizi abagunyazwe yi-Bureau Yekhwalithi Yezifunda Zase-Pújiāng.
- Hlaziya isimo: i-Què Shé yangempela icwebile, iqondile, ilinganisiwe, ingabonakali futhi inoboya. Imiqumbe esongelwe, engakalilingani noma ebuthaka kufanele ibangele ukukhathazeka.
- Iphunga kufanele lihlanzekile, libe lisha, lingabi namithunzi emuncu, engaboli noma «eyotshani».
- Ukuthelwa — kuphuzi-oluhlaza okucacile; ukuthelwa okunolwelwe noma okumnyama kukhombisa izinto ezindala noma ukwephulwa kobuchwepheshe.
- Intengo ephansi kakhulu (engaphansi kwamayuan angu-200–300/kg ebangeni eliphakeme kakhulu elishiwo) icishe iqinisekisa ukuthi kungumadluli noma kuhlelwe kabusha.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

«Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Ezingavunyelwe»: I-Pújiāng Què Shé ngomunye wamatiye ambalwa anohlu olusemthethweni lwamaphutha wezinto zokusetshenziswa, angafakwanga ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Umthetho othi «Jiǔ bù cǎi» (九不采) uchaza izigaba eziyi-9 zemiqumbe umvuni okufanele ayiyeke esihlahleni.
I-què shé yokuqala «engathathi kwekhabhoni»: NgoMashi 2024, idolobhana lase-Wànmín (万民村) e-Chéngjiā Zen lathola isitifiketi sokungathathi kwekhabhoni esivela ku-Sichuan United Ecological Exchange seqoqo letiye — isitifiketi sokuqala esinjalo setiye lohlobo lwe-«què shé» eChina. Lonke uchungechunge lobuchwepheshe — kusukela ekucubungulweni ngesandla kuya ekulahleni imishini — lwahlaziywa kabusha ngomkhondo wekhabhoni.
Itiye elingenile ku-«pasi laseYurophu»: I-Pújiāng Què Shé ifakwe ohlwini lwezikhombi zendawo eziyikhulu, ezivikelwe ngokuhlanganyelwa yiSivumelwano se-China-EU, eduze kwamanye amagama afana ne-Fúdǐng Bái Chá ne-Éméishān Chá.
Isandulela senkondlo: U-Liú Yǔxī, omunye wezimbongi ezinkulu ze-Táng, wachaza «itiye elimise okonkomo lwekhanda» — okuwumbono ongaba yisandulela se-Pújiāng què shé — ekhulwini lesi-8.
Imiqumbe engu-80,000 kuyi-jīn eyodwa: Ukwenza uhhafu wekhilogremu yetiye lebanga eliphezulu kakhulu kudingeka imiqumbe efinyelela ku-80,000 evunwe ngesandla — umsebenzi ongaqhathaniseka nowobucwebe.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye ohlobo lwe-«Què Shé»:

I-Jīntán Què Shé (金坛雀舌, Jīntán Què Shé): I-Zhèjiāng/Jiāngsū. Futhi icwebile futhi iqondile, kodwa ikhiqizwa ngohlobo lwe-Lóng Jǐng 43 (龙井43). Iphawuleka ngephunga le-castnut eliqinile kanye nokuvutshelwa okuthe xaxa. Isimo se-GI kusukela ngo-2013 — eminyakeni emi-5 ngemuva kwe-Pújiāng. Isimo sezulu sibanda kakhudlwana, ukuvuna kwenzeka kamuva.
I-Bā Shān Què Shé (巴山雀舌, Bā Shān Què Shé): I-Bāzhōng (巴中), enyakatho ye-Sichuan. Idume ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-selenium. Ukunambitheka kuthi ukujula kancane futhi kubhebhe. I-terroir yezintaba ephakeme (800–1200 m) inikeza umthunzi wamaminerali, ongekho ku-Pújiāng esethafeni.
I-Méitán Cuì Yá (湄潭翠芽, Méitán Cuì Yá): I-Guìzhōu. Ivamise ukubizwa nge-«què shé yase-Guizhou», nakuba ngokusemthethweni ingaphansi kohlobo lwe-«cuì yá» (翠芽, «iqabunga le-jade»). Iphrofayili ithambile futhi «iyimbali», amanothi e-castnut awagqamile. Izingadi zetiye zisezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu (900–1400 m).
I-Níngqiáng Què Shé (宁强雀舌, Níngqiáng Què Shé): I-Shǎnxī. Ikhiqizwa ezintabeni zaseQínlǐng (秦岭) — enye yezindawo eziya enyakatho kakhulu zetiye eChina. Ukunambitheka kuthi «kunesinkwa», kunobumnandi obugqamile; isimo asisona esiqine njengesase-Pújiāng.

13a. Izinhlobo kanye Namabanga E-Pújiāng Què Shé:

Ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu (特级, tèjí): Imiqumbe esodwa kuphela. Ubude ≤2.5 cm. Isimo se-«nhliziyo ye-lotus» (莲心). Iphunga le-castnut, ubumnandi obuphezulu, izinto ezikhishwa emanzini ≥43.3%.
Ibanga lokuqala (一级, yī jí): Umqumbe oneqabunga elilodwa elivuleke kancane (一芽一叶初展). Isimo se-«fulege ngekhanda» (旗枪, qí qiāng) — iqabunga njengefulege, umqumbe njengokukhomba kwekhanda. Ukunambitheka kusha futhi kuhlanzekile, ukuthelwa kugcwele kakhulu.
Ibanga lesibili (二级, èr jí): Umqumbe onamaqabunga amabili (一芽二叶). Isimo esivamile se-«limi lomzwilili» — amaqabunga amabili agona umqumbe. Ilungele ukuphuzwa kwansuku zonke, inenani elithe ukwehla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2024 kwavela ulayini ohlukile we-«I-Pújiāng Què Shé Engathathi Kwekhabhoni» (碳中和蒲江雀舌) — okwenziwe ngesandla ngokuphelele, umkhondo wekhabhoni oqinisekisiwe, umthamo cishe oyi-1,500–2,500 kg/ngonyaka.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Pújiāng Què Shé itiye lapho isiko lenkulungwane leminyaka lase-Sichuan lihlangana nezindinganiso zesimanje zekhwalithi kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wezemvelo. Intwasahlobo yokuqala entshonalanga ye-Sichuan, inkungu ethambile, umhlabathi ovundile ophuzi-aphethuli kanye nomgomo othi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Ezingavunyelwe» ngesikhathi sokuvuna kwakha isimo saleli tiye: lihlanzekile, limnandi, lingenambithozyana ebabayo eyeqile, linephunga elihlala enkomishini epholile, njengeculo lokugcina. Lokhu kuyinketho ekahle yalabo abazisa ubuthambile betiye eliluhlaza kepha abangafuni ukulahlekelwa ukugcwala kokunambitheka. Libize engilazini yengilazi ku-80 °C — bese ubuka lapho «izilimi zomzwilili» ezincane zisina kancane emanzini ashisayo, zivula intwasahlobo yase-Pújiāng enkomishini yakho.