iPujiang Chun Hao

iPujiang Chun Hao (浦江春毫, Pǔjiāng chūn háo) iyitiyeni eluhlaza laseZhejiang lesizukulwane esisha, elasungulwa ngo-1981 futhi ngawo-1989 selithole isiqu esithi “Itiye Eliyingqophamlando laseChina”. Likhiqizwa ngokuphelele ngezandla ngokusebenzisa indlela eyimfihlo “yokuphosa nokunyakazisa” (抛抖结合, pāo dǒu jiéhé) nokugcina kusomiswa ngamalahle okhuni. Isici esivelele: lapho liphelelwa amandla embizeni, amahlumela aqala ukuma esitsheni ngongqimba olufanayo abili, bese ehlehlela kancane phansi, egcine isimo sokuma okuqondile — “umdanso” ongajwayelekile, othanda kakhulu abakwaziyo.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nomlando Nendawo:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elikhiqizwayo ngaphandle kokuvutshelwa, 绿茶, lǜchá). Ukumiswa kombala oluhlaza — ukawosiwe emabhodweni ngesandla (锅炒杀青). Ukomiswa kokugcina — ngamalahle (烘焙, hōngbèi).

• Isigaba: Itiye Eliyingqophamlando laseChina (中国名茶, 1989); itiye lesifunda saseZhejiang. Indlela yokukhiqiza — amagugu angenampahla emazingeni edolobha lwaseJinhua (金华市, 2009). Iphindelelwe yahlomula ngemiklomelo yegolide emiqhudelwaneni yetiye yesifunda neyamazwe ngamazwe.

• Imvelaphi: China; Isifundazwe saseZhejiang (浙江, Zhèjiāng); Isifunda sasePujiang (浦江县, Pǔjiāng Xiàn), esingaphansi komkhandlu wedolobha lwaseJinhua (金华市, Jīnhuá Shì). Isifunda sisemaphakathi neZhejiang. Indawo yokukhiqiza ihlanganisa wonke umhlaba wesifunda. Umnyombo wekhwalithi — indawo yaseHangping (杭坪镇, Hángpíng Zhèn), indawo yaseYuzhai (虞宅乡, Yúzhái Xiāng) kanye neyaseHuaqiao (花桥乡, Huāqiáo Xiāng) ezintabeni zaseLongmen (龙门山脉, Lóngmén Shānmài). Indawo yokuzalwa kwetiye — ipulazi lethe lomphakathi waseWujiang, eChaping (乌浆村茶坪, Wūjiāng Cūn Cháping).

• Amakhorodineyithi: 119°33′–120°14′ empumalanga, 29°21′–29°41′ enyakatho (isifunda sasePujiang).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando:

Ukutshalwa kwetiye esifundeni sasePujiang kulandelwa emuva kusukela enkathini ye-Southern Song. Emva kokumiswa kwe-Riphabhulikhi Yabantu baseChina, uhulumeni wavuselela imboni yetiye, kwathi ngo-1982 indawo yezivande zetiye esifundeni yafinyelela kuma-mu angu-37 607 (=2 507 ha).

Ukuzalwa kweChun Hao njengetiye eliqanjwe igama ezimele kwenzeka ngo-1981: ipulazi lomndeni lakwa-Shigang (世钢家庭农场) endaweni yetshalo yetiye yase-Chaping emzini wase-Wujiang lasungula umkhiqizo omusha, lasebenzisa uhlobo olukhethekile lwezitshalo lwendawo “Yinshuang cha” (银霜茶, “itiye eliyisithwathwa esikhanyayo”). Izigaba ezine zokwelashwa ngesandla kanye nesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele “sokuhlukaniswa kwamaqabunga ngongqimba olufanayo” lapho liphelelwa kwasha ngokushesha.

Ukuqashelwa kwafika ngokushesha. Ngo-1989, iPujiang Chun Hao yathola isitifiketi setiye eliyingqophamlando sesifundazwe saseZhejiang emhlanganweni wokuhlola wesifundazwe wesishiyagalombili, kwathi ngoJulayi walowo nyaka — isiqu esithi “Itiye Eliyingqophamlando laseChina” emqhudelwaneni wesibili kazwelonke. Ngo-1991, itiye lathola isiqu esithi “Itiye Lamasiko Lamazwe Ngamazwe” (国际文化名茶), okwaqinisa ekugcineni isithunzi salo. Eminyakeni eyalandela kwaletha uchungechunge lwempumelelo: “Umkhiqizo Oqanjwe Igama” embukisweni wezolimo yamazwe ngamazwe waseChina (1999), ukuqashelwa njengetiye elingenabo ubuthi kanye “Netiye LaseChina Lamazwe Ngamazwe” ngokufakwa eqoqweni lomnyuziyamu wamatiye ayingqophamlando aseChina (2001), igolide embukisweni kazwelonke wetiye (2002), igolide embukisweni wezolimo waseZhejiang (2003), igolide lomqhudelwano “Zhong Lü Bei” (中绿杯) e-Ningbo (2004), kanye nokuthola izitifiketi ezimbili zetiye elihlanzekile — lesizwe (i-Academy of Agricultural Sciences) nelamazwe ngamazwe (i-IMO).

Ngo-1997, uphiko lwezolimo lwesifunda sasePujiang lwasungula “Uhlaka Lwezobuchwepheshe Lokutshala Nokukhiqiza Itiye Eliyingqophamlando iPujiang Chun Hao” (《浦江春毫名茶栽培加工技术规范》, DB330726/T002-1997) — izinga lokuqala lezolimo lesifunda elisungula izidingo zokukhiqiza okungenabungozi.

Ngo-2009, indlela yokukhiqiza iPujiang Chun Hao yafakwa ohlwini lwamagugu angenampahla edolobha lwaseJinhua. Ngo-2022, indawo yezivande zetiye esifundeni yaba ama-mu angu-39 800 (=2 653 ha), umthamo wokukhiqiza — amathani angu-1 035, inani eliphelele — izigidi eziyikhulu ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesithupha zama-yuan (RMB); okuhlanganisa itiye lasentwasahlobo — amathani angu-440, elinenani lezigidi ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa zama-yuan.

• Igama: 浦江 (Pǔjiāng) — igama lesifunda (akufanele kudidaniswe ne-Pújiāng yaseSichuan); 春 (chūn) — „intwasahlobo”, inkomba yokuvuna entwasahlobo; 毫 (háo) — “ukuvuthuluka”, “ubulelesi obuncane” — okuvela ezimpandleni ezimhlophe ezichichimayo. Incazelo ephelele: “Ubulelesi bentwasahlobo basePujiang”.

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: iPujiang Chun Hao — uwuphawu oluphambili lwetiye yesifunda, olukhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kophawu “Xianhuashan” (仙华山牌, “Intaba Yembali Engafiyo” — ngegama lentaba engcwele i-Xianhua (仙华山), indawo eyisikhumbuzo sasePujiang. Itiye lixhumene ngokuhlukaniseki namathafa ezintaba zaseLongmen: amasimu etiye ahlangana namasimu ama-pione kanye nezifula zezintaba, akha ubuhle obuyingqayizivele “bokuhlangana kwetiye nobumvelo” (茶景相融). Isifunda sisezindaweni ezinhle zezimpawu zenhlabathi ye-danxia (丹霞, Dānxiá) — izindonga zamatshe ebomvu ane-sandstone, okwenza amapulazi etiye endawo abe ngabanye abahle kunabo bonke eZhejiang.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo:

• Izinhlobo / izitshalo: Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezihlahla zetiye. Eyokuqala — inhlobo yendawo yezitshalo ezinkulu ezincane “caicha” (群体种菜茶, qúntǐ zhǒng càichá, Camellia sinensis var. sinensis), enikeza ukuhlukahluka kofuzo nokujula kokunambitheka. Eyesibili — uhlobo olusatshalaliswa ngokuhlukaniswa “Yinshuang cha” (银霜茶, Yínshuāng Chá, “itiye eliyisithwathwa esikhanyayo”) — uhlobo oluqanjwe igama, olwasetshenziswa ekusungulweni kweChun Hao ngo-1981, oluphawuleka ngobulelesi obumhlophe obukhulu nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. Emaplazini amasha kufakwa izitshalo ezisatshalaliswa ngokuhlukaniswa (ukusikwa kweziqu).

• Ukuvunwa: Intwasahlobo — kusukela ngoMashi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Apreli. Iningi letiye elisezingeni eliphezulu litholakala ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo (cishe u-43% womthamo ophelele, kodwa u-71% wenani).

• Izinga lokuvuna: Ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu — amahlumela angawodwa (单芽); ezingeni lokuqala — ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa elisanda kuvuleka (一芽一叶初展); ezingeni lesibili — ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili (一芽二叶).

• Izidingo zezinto ezisetshenziswayo: Amahlumela amancane angenakulimala okwenziwa ngomshini, angenazimpawu zezinambuzane nezifo. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zelashwe ngosuku lokuvuna.

4. Indawo Nezinye Izici Zokutshala:

Isifunda sasePujiang sisemaphakathi neZhejiang futhi siyingxenye yesifunda esinesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinamandla omoya. Umnyombo womkhiqizo wetiye uhleli ezintabeni zaseLongmen, eziyingxenye yochungechunge lwezintaba i-Xianhuashan (仙华山, Xiānhuá Shān).

• Ukuphakama kokukhula: 300–800 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Cishe u-70% wamapulazi etiye endaweni ewumnyombo atholakala ngaphezu kuka-500 m.

• Isimo sezulu: Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo 15–18 °C; imvula >1 600 mm/ngonyaka; izinsuku ezinontuthu >180 ngonyaka; umehluko ophakathi kwemini nobusuku >10 °C. Ukufika kwamafu okukhulu kunikeza izinga eliphezulu lokukhanya okuhlakazekile, okushukumisela ukunqwabelana kwe-L-theanine namanye ama-amino acid. Izintaba zaseLongmen zivimba imisinga ebandayo yasenyakatho, kudala imvelo epholile, engenamvula enkulu.

• Inhlabathi: Kuningi inhlabathi ebomvu nalenombala ophuzi (红壤、黄壤, hóng rǎng, huáng rǎng), pH 4,5–6,5. Okuqukethwe yizinto eziphilayo kuphakeme. Isici esivelele — ukuchichima kwe-zinc (76,2 mg/kg) ne-selenium (0,82 mg/kg), okuwuphawu lwemvelo lwe-geochemistry yezindawo ze-danxia zasePujiang.

• Imvelo: Amazinga amahlathi esifundeni — 81% — angaphakeme kakhulu ezindaweni zetiye zaseZhejiang. Izingadi zetiye zivame ukuhlangana namasimu ama-pione nezifula zezintaba, kwakhe uhlelo lwemvelo “lokuhlangana kwetiye nobumvelo”. Ukunisela kuhlinzekwa umfula i-Huyuan (壶源江, Húyuán Jiāng).

• Ezolimo: Amaplazi amasha atshalwa ngezitshalo ezisatshalaliswa ngokuhlukaniswa. Ukuthenwa okwakha — “Ukuthenwa kathathu — isimo esisodwa” (三剪一定型, sān jiǎn yī dìngxíng): izihlahla ezincane zakhiwa eminyakeni emi-3, ezindala — kushintshana ukuthenwa okulula nokujulile. Ukusetshenziswa kwemanyolo yamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane akuvunyelwe izinga lowe-1997 — ukukhiqizwa kwenziwa ngokwemigomo yokulima okungenabungozi / okuphilayo.

5. Indlela Yokukhiqiza:

IPujiang Chun Hao iyitiyeni elenziwe ngesandla ngokuphelele, indlela yalo ehlanganisa izigaba ezine eziyinhloko. Indlela eyimfihlo “yokuphosa nokunyakazisa” (抛抖结合) ekwakhiweni kanye nokufudumeza kokugcina ngamalahle — yizakhi ezihlukile, eziqashelwa njengamagugu angenampahla.

• Ukunaba / ukupholisa kancane (摊放 — tān fàng): Amahlumela asanda kuvunwa anabeka ungqimba oluncane phezu kweziqu ze-bamboo endaweni enomoya omuhle amahora angu-6–8. Ngalesi sikhathi kuphuma kuze kufike ku-20% womswakama, kusebenze izandulela zamakha, amacembe abe lula ukuphathwa.

• Ukumiswa kombala oluhlaza (杀青 — shāqīng): Ukawosiwe embizeni eshisayo ngesandla (锅炒, guō chǎo) kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-120 °C ngendlela “yokuphosa” (抛杀, pāo shā) okwemizuzu emi-3–5. Ingcweti iphosa ngokuqhubekayo izinto ezisetshenziswayo, iqinisekisa ukuxhumana okulinganayo nodonga olushisayo lwebhodwe kanye nokusheshisa ukuvala ama-enzyme kuyilapho kugcinwa umbala oluhlaza.

• Ukwakha (做形 — zuò xíng): Ezingeni lokushisa elehlisiwe (60–80 °C), ingcweti ihlanganisa ukusonga (揉捻, róuniǎn, imizuzu emi-4–8) nokuphosa nokunyakazisa okunesigqi (抛抖结合). Lena indlela yombhali, echaza isimo esiyingqayizivele seChun Hao: izintambo ezizacile, ezisonge ngokuqinile ezinobulelesi obuchichimayo. Ukusonga kucekela phansi izindonga zamangqamuzana, kukhulula ujusi, kanti ukunyakazisa kwehlukanisa amahlumela anamathelene futhi kulinganise isimo.

• Ukushisisa ngamalahle (烘焙 — hōngbèi): Kwezigaba ezimbili: ukufudumeza kokuqala “mao huo” (毛火, máo huǒ, “umlilo omahhadlahhadla”) ku-100 °C ukuze kukhishwe ngokushesha umswakama omkhulu, bese kuba ukufudumeza kokugcina “zu huo” (足火, zú huǒ, “umlilo ophelele”) ku-60 °C ngamalahle okhuni kuze kutholakale okuqukethwe umswakama ≤7%. Yilokhu kushisisa ngamalahle kwe-“zu huo” okwakha iphrofayili yephunga elimnandi elihlanganisa ikhestnut nezimbali.

6. Izimpawu Zokunambitheka Nokuhogela:

• Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu — “amakhala amancane” (针芽状, zhēn yá zhuàng); izinga lokuqala — “amashiya” (眉形, méi xíng). Izici ezijwayelekile: zisonge ngokuqinile, zizacile, zimbozwe ubulelesi obumhlophe obujiyile (白毫密布), umbala — luhlaza okhanyayo okotshani (翠绿). Ubulelesi buningi kangangokuba banika itiye igama lalo.

• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Ubumnandi obuhlaza obuhlanzekile (清香, qīng xiāng) okuyisisekelo, okhuliswe iphunga elimnandi elithambile le-khestnut (嫩栗香, nèn lì xiāng) kanye nephunga elithe xaxa le-orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng) — leli lokugcina lijwayelekile ezigabeni zezindawo eziphakeme.

• Iphunga lomhluzo: Liphakeme futhi lihlala isikhathi eside. Iphunga le-orchid liyaqina lapho liphola, elika-khestnut — liphambili emhluzweni oshisayo. Iphunga “lihlanzekile futhi liphakeme” (清高, qīng gāo).

• Ukunambitheka: Ukusha (鲜爽, xiān shuǎng) nokunambitheka okuphawulekayo “okuphilayo” kwama-amino acid (鲜味, xiān wèi). Kumnandi futhi kuhlanzekile (甘醇, gān chún) nokunambitheka emva kwesikhathi okuhlala isikhathi eside (回甘, huí gān). Umzimba — uvumelana, uminyana ophakathi nendawo (醇和, chún hé), ngaphandle kokudla okunamandla noma ubuxhakaxhaka obunamanzi. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid (≥4,2% ezingeni lokuqala) kudala umuzwa wokuthambile okusilika.

• Umbala womhluzo: Luhlaza okhanyayo okotshani, okhanyelayo futhi ocwengileyo (碧绿清澈透亮, bìlǜ qīngchè tòuliàng).

• Iqabunga elingaphansi (iqabunga eliphelelwe amandla): Luhlaza okhanyayo, lilingana futhi lunokufana (嫩绿匀整), amahlumela namacembe ahlangana abe “yizimbali” (芽叶成朵). Isici esiyingqayizivele: lapho liphelelwa engilasini, amahlumela aqala ukuhlukana abe ongqimba olufanayo abili futhi ame aqonde, bese ehlehlela kancane phansi, egcine isimo sokuqondile — umbukwane izazi zetiye zaseChina eziwuqhathanisa “nomdanso”.

7. Isakhi Samakhemikhali:

• Ama-polyphenol (茶多酚): ≥28% (izinga eliphezulu kakhulu). Ama-catechin — ikakhulukazi i-EGCG ne-ECG — ahlinzeka ngomsebenzi wokulwa nokufa kwamaseli kanye nokudla okulingene. Lesi silinganiso siphakeme kancane kunesamanye amatiye amaningi aseZhejiang asezindaweni eziphansi, ngenxa yemvelaphi yezintaba nokukhanya okuhlakazekile okunamandla.

• Ama-amino acid (氨基酸): ≥4,2% (izinga lokuqala) — okuphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso samatiye aluhlaza (2–3%). I-L-theanine — iyinhlanganisela ephezulu kakhulu, ebangela ukunambitheka okuphawulekayo nokuthambile, kanye nomphumela wokugqugquzela ngokubambisana ne-caffeine.

• Izinto ezikhishwa ngamanzi (水浸出物): ≥45% (izinga eliphezulu kakhulu) — isibonakaliso sokuqina okuphezulu komhluzo.

• Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine ngokuhlangana ne-L-theanine ihlinzeka ngokushiseka okuthambile, okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokusho kwemithombo, umphumela wokugqugquzela ungaphezu ngo-20% kunowamatiye aluhlaza avamile.

• Amavithamini: Uvithamini C (ugcinwa ngenxa yokomiswa ngamalahle okhuni okungahlukumezi), amavithamini eqembu B (B₁, B₂), uvithamini E.

• Amaminerali: I-zinc — 76,2 mg/kg (uphawu lwenhlabathi), i-selenium — 0,82 mg/kg (itiye eliqukethe i-selenium). Kanye ne-potassium, i-manganese, i-magnesium.

• Ama-polysaccharide (茶多糖): Akhona ngesilinganiso esanele ukuba nomthelela ophawulekayo emsebenzini wamafutha; abamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni “kokugcwala” kokunambitheka.

8. Izinzuzo Zempilo:

• Umphumela wokugqugquzela: Ukuhlangana kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kunikeza “ukugxila okuthulile” — ukwenyuka kokunaka ngaphandle kwenhlitiyo. Ngokusho kocwaningo, itiye elivela ezindaweni eziphakeme eliqukethe phezulu ama-amino acid likhulisa lo mphumela.

• Ukuvikela ngokulwa nokufa kwamaseli: Ama-catechin (≥28%) asebenza ngempumelelo ukulwa nama-radical amahhala, evikela amaseli ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo okubangelwa ukufa kwamaseli.

• Ukusekela umsebenzi wamafutha: Ama-polysaccharide etiye anikela ekulawuleni umsebenzi wama-enzyme okwakha amafutha, okungasiza ekulawuleni isisindo somzimba.

• Ukusekelwa nge-selenium: I-selenium yemvelo (0,82 mg/kg) — iyisakhamzimba esibalulekile kwinzwa yomqala nasohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba.

• Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-catechin kanye novithamini C kusekela ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi futhi kunikela ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi.

• Impilo yesikhumba: Ingxube ye-EGCG + uvithamini E ivikela ekulimaleni okubangelwa imisebe ye-ultraviolet.

• Imisebenzi yengqondo: I-L-theanine ikhuthaza umsebenzi wamandla e-alpha ebuchosheni, ithuthukise inkumbulo nokufunda.

• Kubalulekile: Lezi zinzuzo ezibalulwe zisekelwe emininingwaneni ejwayelekile mayelana netiye eliluhlaza futhi azisona izincomo zezempilo. Akunconywa ukuphuza ungadlanga; kungcono emva kwemizuzu engama-30 udlile. Itiye elisha kufanele lihlale izinsuku ezi-3 endaweni emnyama ukuze “kukhishwe umlilo” (褪火气, tuì huǒqì). Lapho uphuza imithi — isikhawu okungenani amahora ama-2.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C etiyeni elijwayelekile; 75 °C ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu (单芽). Ungawasebenzisi amanzi abilayo — izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-85 °C licekela phansi i-L-theanine futhi likhulise ukudla.

• Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml (isilinganiso esingu-1:50).

• Izitsha: Ingilazi engilazi (玻璃杯) — iyindlela ekahle yokubuka “ukungama kongqimba olufanayo” kwamahlumela; i-gaiwan emhlophe yobumba (白瓷盖碗) — yokuhlanganisa iphunga le-orchid.

• Inqubo:

  1. Fakaza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwakhipha.
  2. Thela ama-3 g wetiye.
  3. Thela amanzi anezinga lokushisa elifanele.
  4. Ukumunca kokuqala — imizuzwana engama-30.
  5. Okwesibili nokuqhubekayo — yandisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana engama-15 ukuphola ngakunye.
  6. Kuvunyelwe ukuphinda ukwenziwa kwezinye izikhathi ezi-3–4.

• Isaziso: Lapho liphelelwa engilasini, imizuzu yokuqala iletha ubumnandi obukhethekile bobuhle — amahlumela akha ongqimba olufanayo abili futhi ame aqonde, bese ehlehlela kancane, egcine isimo esiqondile. Ungasheshi ukuphuza — jabulela umbukwane.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Izinga lokushisa: 0–5 °C (esiqandisini) — kuyimfuneko yetiye eliluhlaza lasentwasahlobo.
• Isiqukathi: Ukupakishwa okuvalekile ngendawo encane yomoya. I-aluminium foil + ibhodlela elivalekile.
• Ukukhanya: Gcina endaweni emnyama; imisebe ye-ultraviolet nokukhanya kwe-luminescent kusheshisa ukufa kwama-chlorophyll.
• Iphunga: Hlukanisa nezinto ezinamakha anamandla — itiye likhipha ngamandla iphunga langaphandle.
• Isici esikhethekile: Itiye elisha kunconywa ukulihlalisa izinsuku ezi-3 endaweni emnyama ezingeni lokushisa legumbi ngaphambi kokuliphuzela okokuqala — ukuze “kukhishwe umlilo” (褪火气), osele ngemuva kokomiswa ngamalahle. Ngemuva kwalokho — lihambise esiqandisini.

11. Intengo Nokuphamba:

IPujiang Chun Hao iyitiyeni elisesilinganisweni sentengo esiphakathi nendawo esinokuhlukahlukana okuphawulekayo ngokwezigaba. Izintengo ezilinganiselwe: izinga eliphezulu kakhulu (特级, amahlumela angawodwa) — kusukela ku-800 yuan/ijin (≈1 600 yuan/kg) nangaphezulu; izinga lokuqala — 300–500 yuan/ijin; izinga lesibili — 200–300 yuan/ijin. Uphawu oluphambili — “Xianhuashan” (仙华山牌). Phakathi kwabakhiqizi abaphawulekayo — amakho-opherethi aseHangping, eDafan Dongping kanye nenkampani “Zhenxiang Chaye” (金华市珍香茶业有限公司).

• Ungakugwema kanjani ukuphamba:

  • Thenga kubakhiqizi abaqinisekisiwe besifunda sasePujiang, abadlule ezitifiketini zetiye elihlanzekile noma elingenabo ubuthi.
  • Hlola ubulelesi: iChun Hao yangempela inobulelesi obumhlophe obujiyile ehlumeleni ngalinye. Itiye elinobulelesi obumnyama, obunciphile cishe liyinkambiso.
  • Hlola umphumela “wongqimba olufanayo” lapho liphelelwa engilasini — lolu wuphawu oluphawuleka ngokuhlukile, okunzima ukuliphupha.
  • Umhluzo kufanele ube luhlaza okhanyayo okotshani ocwebile nokhanyelayo ngokuphelele. Uketshezi oluphuzi noma olunohlonzi kuyisibonakaliso sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezindala.
  • Intengo engaphansi kuka-200 yuan/ijin eqenjini lokuqala esilimenyiwe — isizathu sokuqagela.

12. Amaqiniso Athandekayo:

• “Umdanso wongqimba olufanayo olubili”: IPujiang Chun Hao ingelinye lamatiye aluhlaza ambalwa aseChina ane-“choreography” ephawulekayo lapho liphelelwa. Amahlumela aqala ahlukana abe ongqimba olufanayo olubili oluvundlile futhi ame aqonde engilasini, bese ehlehlela kancane phansi — umbukwane oheha abathandi “bokubuka itiye” (观赏茶, guānshǎng chá).

• Itiye elivela emnyuziyamu: Ngo-2001, iPujiang Chun Hao yafakwa eqoqweni laphakade loMnyuziyamu Wamatiye Ayingqophamlando aseChina (中国名茶博物馆) — enye yezimpawu ezimbalwa “ezintsha” ezahlonishwa ngalolu dumo.

• Amahlathi angu-81%: Isifunda sasePujiang sinelinye lamazinga aphezulu kakhulu amahlathi kuzo zonke izindawo zetiye zaseChina, okunikeza ukuhlanzeka kwemvelo okuyingqayizivele.

• Itiye elihlanzekile eliphindwe kabili: Ngo-2004, iChun Hao yathola izitifiketi ezimbili zetiye elihlanzekile kazwelonke (i-Academy of Agricultural Sciences ye-China) kanye namazwe ngamazwe (i-IMO, e-Switzerland) ngasikhathi sinye — okokuqala phakathi kwamatiye aseZhejiang.

• I-zinc ne-selenium yezindonga ze-danxia: Izindawo ezibomvu ze-danxia zasePujiang — akuzona nje izizinda ezibukekayo, kodwa futhi ziwumthombo we-geochemistry: inhlabathi inomcebo nge-zinc (76,2 mg/kg) ne-selenium (0,82 mg/kg), okufaka amaminerali amancane ngokuqondile eqabungeni letiye.

13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza AseZhejiang:

• Pan’an Yun Feng (磐安云峰, Pánān Yún Fēng): Isifunda esingumakhelwane i-Pan’an, umkhandlu wedolobha ofanayo i-Jinhua. Futhi itiye lasentabeni (600–900 m), kodwa elinephunga “lamafu” eliqavile kanye nesakhiwo samaqabunga amakhulu. IChun Hao — incane kakhulu, “ifana namakhala”, igxila kubulelesi.

• Wuyang Chun Yu (武阳春雨, Wǔyáng Chūn Yǔ): Isifunda sase-Wuyi, umkhandlu waseJinhua. Isimo — “amakhala aphayini” amancane, akhumbuza imvula yasentwasahlobo. Iphunga le-orchid liqavile; ukunambitheka kulula futhi “kunomoya”. IChun Hao — iqinile futhi inothe ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto ezikhishwa ngamanzi (≥45%).

• Jiangshan Lü Mu Dan (江山绿牡丹, Jiāngshān Lǜ Mǔ Dān): I-Jiangshan, izintaba zase-Xianxialing. Isimo — “amacembe e-pion” avulekile. Ngokubonwayo itiye elihluke ngokuphelele, kodwa elifana ngomgomo “wokuphelelwa okubukekayo”. IChun Hao — iminyene kakhulu, inobuhle “bokuqondile”, kanti i-Lü Mu Dan — “ivundlile”, ivuleka ngamacembe.

• Kaihua Long Ding (开化龙顶, Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng): Isifunda sase-Kaihua, umthombo we-Qiantang. Isitifiketi se-GI, uphawu olwaziwa kakhulu. Isimo siqondile, “isihloko sikadrako”. Ukunambitheka — “kuluhlaza kakhulu” futhi “ku-chlorophyll”, ngobumnandi obuncane. IChun Hao — ithambile, inamakha aqavile e-khestnut-orchid.

Ekuphetheni:

IPujiang Chun Hao iyitiyeni elimlando walo omusha (iminyaka engaphezulu kwengu-40 kuphela) ongazange uyivimbele ukungena eqenjini eliphambili lamatiye aluhlaza aseZhejiang. Yazalelwa ezintabeni zaseLongmen, phakathi kwezindonga ezibomvu ze-danxia kanye nenkungu egubuze amasimu ama-pione, ibonisa lolo hlangothi lwetiye laseZhejiang olufihlekile emva kwegama elikhulu le-Long Jing: umsebenzi wezandla wezingcweti zendawo, inhlabathi e-selenium, amaphunga e-orchid ezindawo eziphakeme. Yiphehlise engilasini ekhanyelayo ku-80 °C — bese ubuka “umdanso wongqimba olufanayo olubili”, lapho amahlumela aluhlaza okwesiliva ebeka engilasini njengendawo encane yemithi, ngaphambi kokuba ehlehlele kancane futhi ngesithunzi phansi, embula intwasahlobo yasePujiang ezandleni zakho.