Isiqongo Samafu sasePan'an

I-Pan’an Yun Feng (磐安云峰, Pánān yún fēng) — “Isiqongo Samafu Sesifunda SasePan’an” — itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni sasePan’an (磐安县) edolobheni laseJinhua (金华市), esifundazweni saseZhejiang, etholakala ezintabeni zaseDapan (大盘山脉) — ezibizwa ngokuthi “ukhokho wezintaba, umthombo wawo wonke amanzi” (群山之祖、诸水之源): lapha kuqala izinhlelo ezine ezinkulu zemifula — iQiantang (钱塘江), i-Ou (瓯江), iLing (灵江) neCao’e (曹娥江). Isiko letiye lasePan’an libuyela emuva esikhathini sobukhosi bakwaJin (III–V cc.): ngokwesiko, usanta ongumDaoist uXu Xun (许逊, “iNkosi Yeqiniso”, 真君大帝) — omunye “Wabafundisi Abane Abakhulu Besibhakabhaka” (四大天师) — ehamba ezintabeni zasePan’an, wabona izihlahla zetiye zasendle, wafundisa abalimi bendawo amasu okusebenza futhi wadala i-”Wuzhou Dongbai” eyaziwayo (婺州东白, “Itiye Elimhlophe Lasempumalanga laseWuzhou”). U-Lu Yu ku-”Classic of Tea” wafaka i-”Wuzhou Dongbai” phakathi kwamatiye adumile, futhi “大盘山、东白山产者佳，列为贡品” — “evela ezintabeni zaseDapan naseDongbai yiyona enhle kunazo zonke, yabhalwa [ohambweni] lokunikela”. Emkhawulweni wesifunda kukhona iYushan Guchachang (玉山古茶场, “Indawo Yasendulo Yokuhweba Ngetiye YaseYushan”) — ukuphela kwemakethe yetiye yasendulo ephelele egcinwe yonke eChina (yasungulwa ngesikhathi samaSong, yakhiwa kabusha ngesikhathi samaQing, indawo engu-3430 m²), isikhumbuzo sezwe lonke (全国重点文物保护单位). Ngo-2022, i-”Chanchachang” (赶茶场, “Imbukiso Emakethe Yetiye” — umkhosi wesintu wasePan’an) yafakwa phakathi “Kwamakhono Endabuko AsesiShayina Okunakekela Itiye Namasiko Ahlobene,” ukufakwa ohlwini lwamagugu angabonakali e-UNESCO.

Ifomula yekhwalithi: «三绿一香» (sān lǜ yī xiāng, “okuluhlaza okuthathu — iphunga elilodwa”): umucu oluhlaza, ukukhanya okuluhlaza, indawo yetiye eluhlaza + iphunga le-orchid. Izinto eziphilayo enhlabathini — 3,5–14,8% — ububanzi obuphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izifunda zetiye zaseChina. Izinto ezikhishwa ngamanzi — 47% (ngendlela kazwelonke engu-36% — ukwedlula ngo-11 amaphuzu ekhulwini). Ukumbozeka kwehlathi — 80,1%. Inani le-brand — 23,51 bhiliyoni yuan (2024).

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nendabuko:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingagaywa. Isigamu esigazingiwe—isigamu esomisiwe (半炒半烘, bàn chǎo bàn hōng). Izindlela ezimbili: umucu (条形, tiáo xíng — “umumo wenalithi”, oyinhloko) kanye nophansi (扁形, biǎn xíng). Ubuchwepheshe bobuciko bokubumba «抖捺理» (dǒu nà lǐ) — “ukunyakazisa, ukucindezela, ukuqondisa” — ukushintshana kwamasu amathathu ezandla ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho behlumela nokwakheka kwesakhiwo esinjengenalithi.

• Isigaba: Umkhiqizo oqokwe ngokomhlaba we-People’s Republic of China (国家农产品地理标志产品, 2020). “Itiye Likazwelonke Elidumile” (全国名茶, Nguyanga Wezohwebo, 1986). “Itiye Lesiko” Lomkhosi Wetiye Wase-Hangzhou (文化名茶, 1991). Amagugu Angabonakali Esifunda (县级非遗, 2021 — ubuchwepheshe). “Chanchachang” (赶茶场) — ingxenye yamagugu e-UNESCO (2022). “Itiye le-gong” langaleso sikhathi samaTang (婺州东白). I-Yushan Guchachang — isikhumbuzo sezwe lonke.

• Indabuko: I-China, isifundazwe sakwaZhejiang (浙江省), idolobha laseJinhua (金华市), isifunda sasePan’an (磐安县). Izindawo eziyi-14 kanye namadolobha. Izintaba zaseDapan (大盘山脉), 600–1200 m. Izixhumanisi: 120°17′–120°47′ ngasempumalanga longitude., 28°49′–29°19′ enyakatho latitude.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando: IPan’an — “isifunda sezintaba esimsulwa” (纯山区县), esinye sezindawo ezinamagquma kakhulu eZhejiang, “ukhokho wezintaba, umthombo wawo wonke amanzi” — “Ukhokho wezintaba, umthombo wawo wonke amanzi”. Umlando wetiye uqala ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaJin (III–V cc.): usanta ongumDaoist uXu Xun (许逊, 239–374), ohlonishwa njenge “Nkosi Yeqiniso” (真君大帝) futhi ongomunye “Wabafundisi Abane Abakhulu Besibhakabhaka” (四大天师) — kanye noZhang Daoling, uGe Hong noSa Shoujian, — ehamba ezintabeni zaseYushan ePan’an, wathola izihlahla zetiye zasendle futhi wafundisa abalimi bendawo amasu okucubungula athuthukisiwe. Umphumela kwaba i-”Wuzhou Dongbai” (婺州东白) — itiye eladuma kulo lonke elaseChina. UXu Xun ungumuntu ongokomlando wangempela, odabuka eNanchang, owaziwa ngokulwa nezikhukhula eGanjian; isiko lobuDaoist le-Jingming (净明道) limhlonipha njengomsunguli walo. Abalimi betiye baseYushan bangaleso sikhathi samaSong, bebonga uXu Xun, bakhela i-”Chachangmiao” (茶场庙, “Ithempeli Lemakethe Yetiye”) ekuye kukhonzwe kulo “unkulunkulu wetiye” (茶神) kuze kube namuhla — yilona thempeli kuphela eChina lapho usanta ongumDaoist ehlonishwa khona ngokuqondile njengomvikeli wetiye. Ngesikhathi samaTang, u-Lu Yu wafaka i-”Wuzhou Dongbai” ku-”Classic of Tea,” ephawula ukuthi: “大盘山、东白山产者佳，列为贡品” — itiye laba yi-”gongcha”. Ngesikhathi samaSong, eduze kweThempeli Lemakethe Yetiye, i-Yushan Guchachang yasungulwa — enye yezimakethe zokuhweba zamatiye ezindala kakhulu eChina, lapho uhulumeni ayephethe khona “ubukhosi betiye” (榷茶, quèchá). Isakhiwo samanje (saseQing, indawo engu-3430 m²) sihlanganisa iThempeli, izindlu zokuphatha kanye neholo lokuhweba — ukuphela kwemakethe yetiye yasendulo ephelele egcinwe eChina (全国唯一保存完整的古代茶叶市场遗址).

Ngo-1979, kususelwa ku-”Wuzhou Dongbai” yangesikhathi samaTang kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasu we-Xihu Long Jing, i-Taiping Hou Kui ne-Emei Erui, kwadalwa i-”Pan’an Yun Feng” yesimanje. Ngo-1983 — ukubuyiselwa kwesifunda sasePan’an (ngaphambilini sasiyingxenye yeDongyang): izintaba iDapan neDongbai zahlukaniswa phakathi kwezifunda ezimbili, kwathi iPan’an “yazuza njengefa” iDapan, kwathi iDongyang yazuza iDongbai. Lokhu kwakudinga igama elisha — “Yun Feng” (“Isiqongo Samafu”). Ngo-1986 — “Itiye Likazwelonke Elidumile” (Nguyanga Wezohwebo). Ngo-2020 — iGI. Ngo-2022, “Chanchachang” (赶茶场) — umbukiso womkhosi esikhungweni sasendulo sokuhweba ngetiye eYushan — yafakwa efeni le-UNESCO “Amakhono Endabuko AsesiShayina Okunakekela Itiye Namasiko Ahlobene.”

• Igama: 磐安 (Pánān) — igama lesifunda; 云峰 (Yún Fēng) — “isiqongo samafu” — umfanekiso weziqongo zezintaba ezimbozwe amafu. Incazelo ephelele: “Isiqongo Samafu SasePan’an.” Isiqubulo se-brand: «道骨仙风，磐安峰» — “Umoya weDao nomoya wabangafi — isiqongo sasePan’an.”

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: IPan’an — “ukhokho wezintaba, umthombo wawo wonke amanzi” (“Ukhokho wezintaba, umthombo wawo wonke amanzi”): umkhawulo ohlukanisa imifula emine emikhulu yaseZhejiang. Ukuhlobana nobuDaoist (u-Xu Xun — omunye “Wabafundisi Bezulu Abane”), imakethe yetiye yasendulo kunayo yonke kanye nefeni le-UNESCO kwenza i-Pan’an Yun Feng itiye lapho “imvelo, ubuDao kanye nohwebo” kwabelana khona phakathi kweminyaka engu-1700.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

• I-Cultivar/uhlobo: Oluyinhloko — i-Muhe Quntizhong (木荷群体种) — uhlobo lomdabu lwendawo, olujwayele isimo sezulu sezintaba esinenkungu. Ukwengeza: i-Longjing 43 (龙井43), i-Wuniu Zao (乌牛早). Ibanga eliphezulu: induku eyodwa noma induku eyodwa + iqabunga elilodwa, ubude behlumela ≤3,5 cm.

• Ukuvuna: Intwasahlobo — ngaphambi kwe-Qingming. Izinga liyahlukahluka ngokwebanga: eliphezulu kakhulu — izinduku eziyodwa (90%+ uboya); elokuqala — induku eyodwa + iqabunga elilodwa (≥90%); elesibili — induku eyodwa + amaqabunga amabili.

• Amabanga:

  • Eliphezulu Kakhulu (特级): Induku ephelele, uboya ≥85%. Kusukela ku-2000 yuan/500g.
  • Elokuqala (一级): Induku eyodwa + iqabunga elilodwa ≥90%. 800–2000 yuan.
  • Elesibili (二级): Induku eyodwa + amaqabunga amabili. 300–800 yuan.

4. Indawo (Terroir) Nezici Zokutshala:

IPan’an — “isifunda sezintaba esimsulwa” (纯山区县): izintaba zithatha u-100% wendawo. IDapan (大盘山, 1245 m) — isiqongo esiyinhloko, “uphahla lwemifula emine.”

• Ubude bokutshala: 600–1200 m. Indawo ewumgogodla — 800+ m.

• Isimo sezulu: I-monsoon esendaweni eshisayo. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo — 16,1 °C. Imvula — 1570 mm. Izinsuku ezininkungu — ≥200. Umswakama — ≥85%. “Izintaba zinde, amanzi ahlanzekile, amahlathi aminyene, inkungu isindayo” (山高水秀、林密雾重) — ifomula yendawo.

• Inhlabathi: Ebomvu-ephuzi (红黄壤, pH 4,5–5,5). Ukujula kwe-horizon yomhlabathi — 50–100 cm. Izinto eziphilayo — 3,5–14,8% — ububanzi obuphezulu kakhulu nobubanzi kakhulu phakathi kwezifunda zetiye zaseChina. Amanzi entaba emithonjeni anamaminerali amancane.

• Imvelo: Ukumbozeka kwehlathi — 80,1%. IPan’an — isifunda esiyisibonelo sikazwelonke sempucuko yemvelo (国家级生态文明建设示范县). Azikho izimboni ezindaweni zezintaba. Ngo-2007, ukuhlaziywa kwelebhu yiNyuvesi Yezokulima kwathola: izinto ezikhishwa ngamanzi — 47% (ngaphezulu ngo-11 amaphuzu ekhulwini ezingeni likazwelonke elingu-36%), izinhlobo eziyi-13 zezibulala-zinambuzane — azizange zitholakale, umthofu — 0,74 mg/kg (ngezinga lokuphepha elingu-5 mg/kg). “Izici ezijwayelekile zetiye lasezintabeni” — isiphetho sabachwepheshe.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe be-Pan’an Yun Feng buzuza njengefa i-”Wuzhou Dongbai” futhi buhlanganisa izici ze-Xihu Long Jing (isimo esiphansi), i-Taiping Hou Kui (ukubumba kwehlumela elikhulu) kanye ne-Emei Erui (ukomisa ngokucophelela). Izigaba eziyinhloko:

• Ukunwetshwa (摊放): amahora angu-3–6. Ukulahlekelwa komswakama ~15%.

• Ukuqinisa kokuluhlaza (杀青) — ekhishini elitshekile (斜锅, xiégūo): Izinga lokushisa — 160 °C. Ngokuphambene nesikhishini esijwayelekile esivundlile, isikhishini esitshekile (斜锅) sinikeza ukuphonsa kanye nokugingqa kweqabunga phansi odongeni ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ithuluzi — iphalishi lomoba (竹炒手, zhú chǎoshǒu) noma i-zongzhou (棕帚, umgqomo wesundu). Isimiso: “叶翠不老，叶熟不黄，折梗不断” — “iqabunga lihlala liluhlaza, aligugi; iqabunga liyagojwa, aliphuzi; isiqu siyagoba, asiphuki”. Isikhishini esitshekile + iphalishi lomoba — isici esiyingqayizivele sobuchwepheshe basePan’an, esingatholakali kwamanye amatiye aluhlaza amaningi aseZhejiang.

• Ukubumba (做形) — ubuchwepheshe bobunikazi «抖捺理»: Esikhishini esiphansi (平锅), 80 °C. Amasu amathathu ayashintshana:

  • Dǒu (抖) — “ukunyakazisa”: Iqabunga liyaphonswa futhi lihlukaniswe. Amaqabunga amnene — kakhulu “dǒu”; amahhadlahhadla — kancane.
  • Nà (捺) — “ukucindezela”: Iqabunga licindezelwa odongeni lweshikhishini. Amnene — angacindezelwa (嫩叶不捺); amahhadlahhadla — cindezela kakhulu.
  • Lǐ (理) — “ukuqondisa”: Amahlumela aqondiswa abe “izinalithi” eziqondile.

  Umphumela: amahlumela aqondile, amancane (紧直苗秀) nobuqotho obulondoloziwe — iqabunga aliphuki futhi alichobozi.

• Ukomisa — izigaba ezimbili:

  • Okuqalayo (初烘): 100–120 °C. Kuze kube umswakama ~30% («刺手感» — “ushaya izandla”).
  • Okokugcina (复烘) — «kancane emlilweni ophansi» (文火慢烘): Kuze kube umswakama ≤6%. Injongo — ukomisa okulinganayo kanye “nokwembula” kwephunga. Ihlumela lapho lihlikihlwa lichoboza liba yimpuphu.

• Ukukhetha (拣剔) nokupakisha.

6. Izici Zezihlaba:

• Isimo seqabunga elomile: “Izinalithi” eziqondile, ezincane (紧直苗秀, jǐnzhí miáoxiù), “njengamahlumela ami aqine.” Uhlaza okhanyayo njengamatshe ayigugu (翠绿鲜润). Uboya buyabonakala kodwa abugcwele.

• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile, eliphakeme, nelihlala isikhathi eside (清高持久, qīng gāo chíjiǔ). Iphunga le-orchid (兰花清香, lánhuā qīngxiāng) — eliyinhloko.

• Iphunga lokumunca: Le-orchid-eleziqhamo, “elithinta umoya.” Lapho selipholile — amaphimbo “oju” kanye “ne-chesnut.” Ukuhlala isikhathi eside — 3+ imizuzu enkezweni ebandayo.

• Ukunambitheka: Okusha, okumnene, okuqabulayo (鲜醇爽口, xiān chún shuǎng kǒu). Okunoshukela okumnene (甘醇). Ukunambitheka okubuyayo ngemva — okunoshukela, okuhlala isikhathi eside (回味甘甜). Ukubaba nokunenzisana — kuncane kakhulu.

• Umbala wokumunca: Uhlaza onciphile (嫩绿明亮) — kweminye imithombo kuthiwa “杏绿” (“uhlaza webhilikosi”).

• Indawo yetiye (iqabunga elisebenzile): Imnene, “izimbali”, iluhlaza futhi ikhanyayo (嫩绿成朵). Amahlumela — aphelele, awaphukile.

• Ifomula yekhwalithi: «三绿一香» (sān lǜ yī xiāng) — “okuluhlaza okuthathu — iphunga elilodwa”: umucu oluhlaza (条索翠绿) + ukumunca okuluhlaza (汤色嫩绿) + indawo yetiye eluhlaza (叶底绿亮) + iphunga le-orchid (兰花清香).

7. Ukwakheka Ngamakhemikhali:

• Izinto ezikhishwa ngamanzi: 47% — eziphakeme ngo-11 amaphuzu ekhulwini kunezinga likazwelonke (36%). Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe ingxenye yento eyomile iyadlulela ekukhanyeni — enye yezinkomba eziphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseZhejiang naseChina sonkana. Izinto eziphakeme ezikhishwa ngamanzi ziwumphumela oqondile wezinto eziphilayo eziqopha umlando enhlabathini (3,5–14,8%) kanye nezinsuku eziyi-200 zenkungu: isihlahla setiye, sithola kancane ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, sikhiqiza izinto eziningi ezincibilikayo (ama-amino acid, ushukela) nezincibilikayo kancane (i-lignin, i-cellulose). Umphumela — ukumunca okunomzimba ocebile njengoba kugcinwa ubumnene.

• I-Polyphenols (茶多酚): ~19,2% — izinga elilinganiselwe, elinikeza ubumnene.

• Ama-amino acid (氨基酸): Aphakeme — umphumela wezinsuku eziyi-200 zenkungu, ukukhanya okuhlakazekile kanye nezinto eziphilayo eziqopha umlando enhlabathini (3,5–14,8%). I-EGCG iyasebenza.

• Umthofu (Pb): 0,74 mg/kg — ephansi ngo-6,8 izikhathi kunezinga lokuphepha (5 mg/kg).

• Izibulala-zinambuzane: Izinhlobo eziyi-13 — azizange zitholakale (ukuhlaziywa kwe-2007).

• I-caffeine: Ejwayelekile etiyeni eliluhlaza.

8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:

• Ukuvikela nge-antioxidant: I-EGCG + uvithamini C — uhlelo lwe-antioxidant olumbaxambili. I-polyphenols engu-19,2% lapho kunezinto eziphakeme ezikhishwa ngamanzi (47%) kuqinisekisa ukukhishwa okuphumelelayo kwama-antioxidant ekumunceni.

• Umthelela wokuvuselela: I-caffeine ngokubambisana ne-L-theanine — ukuqaqamba okumnene, okuhlala isikhathi eside.

• Ukusekela ukugaya ukudla: Ama-catechu akhuthaza ukuhamba kokudla emgodini wokugaya ukudla kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwamafutha.

• Imisebenzi yokuqonda: I-L-theanine ikhuthaza ukusebenza kobuchopho ngamagagasi e-alpha.

• Ubumsulwa bemvelo: Izibulala-zinambuzane eziyiziro + umthofu ophansi = elinye lamatiye “ahlambuluke” kakhulu eZhejiang.

• Okubalulekile: Lezi zakhiwo ezisohlwini zisekelwe emininingwaneni ejwayelekile futhi azikona izincomo zezokwelapha. Akunconywa ukuphuza esiswini esingenalutho. Umthamo wansuku zonke — ungabi ngaphezu kuka-600 ml.

9. Ukuphisa:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 85 °C. Ungasebenzisi amanzi abilayo — amahlumela amnene futhi “ayasha”.

• Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml (isilinganiso esingu-1:50).

• Isitsha: Ingilazi yengilazi — ukubona “umdanso” wamahlumela: “izinalithi” eziqondile zehla ziqonde kancane, zivuleke “njengezimbali,” zikhumbuza “amacembe e-orchid” (形如兰花瓣瓣). Lena ngenye yezinkambiso zetiye ezibukeka kahle kakhulu eZhejiang.

• Indlela — «三投法» (Sān tóu fǎ, “Ukuthela kathathu”):

  1. Sula ingilazi.
  2. Thela itiye.
  3. Thela u-1/3 wamanzi (85 °C).
  4. Nyakazisa ingilazi imizuzwana engu-30 — “ukuvusa”.
  5. Thela amanzi afinyelele ku-7/10 womthamo.
  6. Yiyeke imizuzu engu-1,5.

• Inani lokuphisa: 3–4. Ukuphisa ngakunye okulandelayo — +20–30 imizuzwana.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Izinga lokushisa: 0–5 °C (esiqandisini), kuvalwe ngomoya. I-Pan’an Yun Feng itiye elintekenteke “isigamu esigazingiwe—isigamu esomisiwe”, elizwela umswakama namaphunga.
• Isitsha: Esivala ngomoya, esingabonakali.
• Ukukhanya: Ukuhlukaniswa okuphelele.
• Isikhathi: Kunconywa ngaphakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-6–8. Ngemuva kokuvula — izinsuku ezingama-30.

11. Inani nokungelona iqiniso:

I-Pan’an Yun Feng — itiye lesigaba senani eliphezulu. Ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu — kusukela ku-2000 yuan/500g; elokuqala — 800–2000 yuan; elesibili — 300–800 yuan.

• Ungakugwema kanjani ukungelona iqiniso:
  • IG — «磐安云峰». Inani le-brand — 23,51 bhiliyoni yuan.
  • Isimo — “izinalithi” eziqondile, ezincane (紧直苗秀), ezingasontekile futhi ezingesizinda.
  • Iphunga — i-orchid (兰花清香). Ukungabi khona kwephimbo le-orchid — uphawu lokufaka esikhundleni.
  • Ifomula «三绿一香» — wonke “amaluhlaza” amathathu (umucu, ukumunca, indawo) + iphunga elilodwa.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• Usanta ongumDaoist wadala itiye. UXu Xun (许逊, 239–374) — omunye “Wabafundisi Abane Abakhulu Besibhakabhaka” (四大天师) bobuDaoist — wafundisa abalimi baseYushan ukuphathwa kwetiye futhi wadala i-”Wuzhou Dongbai”. Ithempeli Lemakethe Yetiye (茶场庙) — indawo yakhe engcwele. Isiqubulo se-brand: «道骨仙风» — “Umoya weDao nomoya wabangafi”.

• UNESCO (2022). I-”Chanchachang” (赶茶场) — umbukiso womkhosi esikhungweni sasendulo sokuhweba ngetiye eYushan — yafakwa efeni le-UNESCO “Amakhono Endabuko AsesiShayina Okunakekela Itiye.” Lesi ngesinye sezimo ezingavamile lapho kungeyona itiye ngokwalo, kodwa umbukiso wetiye elithole isimo se-UNESCO.

• I-Makethe Yetiye Yasendulo Eyodwa EChina. I-Yushan Guchachang — 全国唯一保存完整的古代茶叶市场遗址 — iwukuphela kwemakethe yetiye yasendulo yokuhweba egcinwe ngokuphelele eChina. Indawo — 3430 m².

• Umthombo wemifula emine. IPan’an — umkhawulo ohlukanisa iQiantang, i-Ou, iLing neCao’e. Itiye likhula “ophahleni” lwezinhlelo ezine zemifula egeleza iye ePacific Ocean.

• Izinto eziphilayo 3,5–14,8%. Ububanzi obuqopha umlando phakathi kwezifunda zetiye zaseChina. 14,8% wezinto eziphilayo — izinga lemhlabathi omnyama, kodwa ensimini engenayo i-asidi yasezintabeni.

• Izinto ezikhishwa ngamanzi 47%. Ngaphezulu ngo-11 amaphuzu ekhulwini ezingeni (36%). Cishe uhhafu wetiye udlula ekumunceni — “umphumela” omkhulu kakhulu.

• Isikhishini esitshekile + iphalishi lomoba (斜锅竹炒手). Ukugazinga okuyingqayizivele ePan’an: ukutsheka kweshikhishini kwenza iqabunga ligingqike lehle, kanti iphalishi liyaphonsela phezulu — “ukushisa ngamandla adonsela phansi.”

• «三绿一香» — “Okuluhlaza okuthathu — iphunga elilodwa.” Ifomula yekhwalithi eqoshwe kuyo yonke ingilazi ye-Pan’an Yun Feng.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza aseZhejiang:

• I-Xihu Long Jing (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): I-Hangzhou. Iyisicaba, igagyiwe. Iphunga “le-chesnut” / “likabhontshisi”. Itiye eliluhlaza elidume kunazo zonke eChina. I-Pan’an — isimo “senalithi”, iphunga le-orchid, isigamu esigazingiwe—isigamu esomisiwe. Zombili zivela eZhejiang, kodwa zimvelo ezahlukene: i-Xihu — indawo yamachweba (30–100 m), i-Pan’an — enezintaba (600–1200 m).

• I-Kaihua Long Ding (开化龙顶, Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng): Quzhou (Zhejiang). Intaba, isimo “esifana nesibhakela.” Iphunga le-chesnut. I-Pan’an — “ine-orchid” kakhulu futhi “injengenalithi”.

• I-Jingxian Te Jian (泾县特尖, Jīngxiàn Tè Jiān): Anhui. Futhi isimo “senalithi.” Kodwa evela kwesinye isifundazwe enendawo ehlukile. I-Pan’an — evela “ophahleni lwemifula emine” enezinto eziphilayo ezifinyelela ku-14,8%.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Pan’an Yun Feng — itiye elivela “ophahleni lwemifula emine,” eladalwa usanta ongumDaoist uXu Xun ngekhulu lesi-3, elahlatshelelwa umxhwele nguLu Yu ku-”Classic of Tea” njenge-”gongcha,” elahweba emakethe yetiye yasendulo okuwukuphela kwayo egcinwe ngokuphelele eChina futhi ngo-2022 langena efeni le-UNESCO ngombukiso walo “Chanchachang.” Ifomula yakhona ethi «三绿一香» — okuluhlaza okuthathu nephunga le-orchid elilodwa — livela ezinsukwini eziyikhulu zenkungu, ihlathi elingu-80%, izinto eziphilayo ezifinyelela ku-14,8% kanye neshikhishini elitshekile elinephalishi lomoba. Phisa ngamanzi angu-85 °C ngendlela “yokuthela kathathu” futhi ubuke lapho “izinalithi” eziqondile zivuleka kancane zibe “izimbali ze-orchid” emanzini acwebile — bese uvumela “Umoya weDao nomoya wabangafi” ugcwalise inkezo yakho.