Nánchuān Hóngchá

• Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (红茶, hóngchá) — elivutshelwe ngokuphelele (i-oxidized).
• Isigaba: Amatiye abomvu aseShayina (gōngfū hóngchá, 工夫红茶). Atholakala ematiyeni abomvu asezintabeni eziphakeme zaseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeShayina. Umkhiqizo oyinhloko — «Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng» (千年金山红, Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng, “Itiye Elibomvu LaseNtabeni Yegolide Ethé Iwinkulungwane Yeminyaka”) — ubekwa njenge itiye elisezingeni eliphezulu eliphuma ezingxenyeni zezihlahla.
• Umsuka: iShayina, idolobha elilawulwa ngokuqondile iChongqing (重庆市, Chóngqìng Shì), isifunda iNánchuān (南川区, Nánchuān Qū). Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza yiJīnfó Shān (金佛山, Jīnfóshān, “Intaba kaBuddha Wegolide”), okuyingxenye yezintaba zeDàlóu Shān (大娄山, Dàlóu Shān). Iziza ezibalulekile zitholakala edolobhaneni iDélóng (德隆镇, Délóng Zhèn), emzaneni iCháshù (茶树村, Cháshù Cūn).
• Izixhumanisi zejografi: ≈ 29.0° N, 107.1° E.

2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando: Isifunda saseNánchuān singenye yezindawo ezindala kakhulu zokutshala itiye eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeShayina. Ngokwe-«Nánchuān Xiàn Zhì» (《南川县志》, “Umlando Wesigodi SaseNánchuān”), abantu bendawo kudala babeqoqa futhi belungisa itiye: “Kule ndawo yethu yaseNán kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zetiye, itiye lesihlahla netiye elimhlophe; entwasahlobo kuvela amaqabunga athambile…”. Incwadi yezetiye i-«Chájīng» (《茶经》) kaLù Yǔ (陆羽, Lù Yǔ) ikhuluma ngezihlahla ezinde zetiye e-«Bāshān Xiáchuān» (巴山峡川) — le ndawo abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ihlanganisa indawo yanamuhla yaseNánchuān.

  Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwetiye elibomvu kwaqala kule sifunda eminyakeni yamuva nje. Ngeminyaka yawo-1920, amapulazi endawo ayekhiqiza kakhulu itiye eliluhlaza. Ngeminyaka yawo-1980, kwaqhutshwa ucwaningo lwezolimo ngesihlahla esikhulu saseNánchuān (Camellia nanchuanica), okuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwaso ekukhiqizeni itiye elibomvu. Ngo-2012, uMnyango Wezolimo we-PRC wagunyaza uphawu lwendawo lwathi «Nánchuān Dà Shù Chá» (南川大树茶). Ngo-2015, kusetshenziswa imithombo yezihlahla zaseJīnfóshān kwasungulwa uhlobo lomkhiqizo ‘Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng’, kwathi ngo-2019 inqubo yendabuko yokwenza leli tiye yafakwa kuhlu lwamagugu angabonakali aseChongqing. Ngo-2023–2024, leli tiye lasetshenziswa emicimbini yamazwe omhlaba — lathandwa kakhulu yinxusa laseHungary eShayina. Itiye lezihlahla laseNánchuān, kanye ne-Yǒngchuān Xiùyá (永川秀芽) ne-Bānán Yínzhēn (巴南银针), liyingxenye yemiqhudelwano emithathu ehamba phambili yamatiye eChongqing.

• Igama: 南 (nán) — “eningizimu”; 川 (chuān) — “umfula, umfudlana” (okubhekisela endaweni yaseSichuan/Chongqing ngokomlando); 红茶 (hóngchá) — “itiye elibomvu”. Ngakho, Nánchuān Hóngchá — “itiye elibomvu laseNánchuān”. Uhlobo lomkhiqizo «千年金山红» (Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng) ngokwezwi nezwi lihunyushwa ngokuthi “itiye elibomvu lenkulungwane yeminyaka [elivela] eNtabeni Yegolide”, okugcizelela ukuhlobana nezihlahla ezindala zetiye zaseJīnfóshān.

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Itiye elibomvu laseNánchuān — “ikhadi lokuvakasha” laseNánchuān futhi liwuphawu lomlando weminyaka eyinkulungwane wokutshala itiye entshonalanga yeShayina. Intaba Yegolide kaBuddha iyindawo eyi-UNESCO World Heritage (yemvelo), futhi izihlahla ezindala zetiye ezikhula lapha zithathwa njengobufakazi obuphilayo bangesinye sezizinda zokuqala kwetiye. Isiko lendawo le-”tiye elinamafutha” (油茶汤, yóuchá tāng) — ukupheka itiye eligayiwe elinamafutha, ingulube, amantongomane, namaqanda — kusagcinwa emizaneni yaseDélóng kuze kube namuhla.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

• Uhlobo / Isitshalo: Isihlahla esikhulu setiye saseNánchuān — Camellia nanchuanica (南川大树茶, Nánchuān Dàshù Chá) — isihlahla sendabuko somdabu (乔木型, qiáomù xíng) esikhula endle, esiyingxenye yochungechunge lwetiye olunamagumbi amahlanu (五室茶系). Lesi sitshalo siqashelwa njengohlobo oluvikelwe kuzwelonke lwesigaba sokuqala. Isibonelo esikhulu kunazo zonke, esitholakala emzaneni iCháshù endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaba ngu-1350, sineminyaka engaba ngu-2700 futhi sibizwa ngokuhloniphekile ngokuthi “ukhokho wezihlahla zetiye” (茶树鼻祖). Njengamanje eJīnfóshān kugcinwa izibonelo ezindala ezingaba ngu-2000; indawo yonke yesisekelo ingaphezulu kwama-8200 mu (≈ 547 ha). Ngaphandle kwezihlahla zasendle, ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kusebenzisa nezilimo zendawo (群体种, qúntǐzhǒng) kanye nezitshalo ezikhethiwe: Fúdǐng Dà Bái Chá (福鼎大白茶) kanye ne-Bāyú Tè Zǎo (巴渝特早).
• Ukuqoqwa: Intwasahlobo iyisizini eyinhloko: uNdasa–uMbasa. Ngenxa yokuphakama, ukuqoqwa kuqala kamuva kunasezindaweni eziphansi zaseSichuan. Ukuqoqwa kwehlobo nakho kuyenziwa, kodwa akubalulekile kangako.
• Izinga lokuqoqwa: Emabhetsheni aphambili (千年金山红) — amahlumela amakhulu asekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (壮芽, zhuàngyá); kwe-gōngfū evamile — ihlumela elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa noma amabili (一芽一叶 / 一芽二叶). Iqabunga likhulu kakhulu, linobubanzi obuningi futhi linomhlwenga owugqinsi — uphawu oluhlukile lwezinto ezivela ezihlahleni ezinamacembe amakhulu.
• Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Iqabunga eliphelele, elisha ngaphandle kokulimala kwemishini. Izihlahla azidingi ukufakwa amakhemikhali okubulala izinambuzane: isimiso semvelo saseJīnfóshān sinikeza ukumelana nemvelo nezilokazane.

4. Indawo Yetshalo kanye Nezici Zokulima:

• Ukuphakama kokuhlala: 800–1600 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle; indawo eyinhloko — 1300–1400 m (isifunda saseDélóng).
• Indlela Umhlaba Obukeka Ngayo: Umhlaba ojwayelekile onamacala amaningi amatshe (喀斯特地貌). I-Jīnfóshān iyingxenye esenyakatho yomgogodla we-Dàlóushān; iphuzu eliphakeme kunawo wonke — 2251 m.
• Isimo Sezulu: Isimo sezulu esishisayo esiguquguqukayo esinokwehlukana okuphawulekayo ngokuya phezulu. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nonyaka endaweni yezingadi zetiye licishe libe ngu-17°C (uma kuqhathaniswa no-26°C ethafeni laseNánchuān). Imvula ephakathi nonyaka icishe ibe ngu-1400 mm, igxile kakhulu ehlobo. Izinsuku ezinayinkungu zifinyelela kwezingu-260 ngonyaka; umswakama ophathelene ungaba ngu-90%. Ukwehluka okwanele kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku kunomthelela ekunqwabeleni kwezinto ezinuka kamnandi emaqabungeni.
• Inhlabathi: Ine-asidi encane (i-pH 4.5–6.5); umhlaba ongumzali — amatshe esihlabathi e-Permian (扁沙土). Inhlanganisela eyivelakancane yamatshe esihlabathi equkethe i-quartz netshe lekalika inikeza izinga eliphezulu lezinto eziphilayo nokugcwala kwamaminerali, okwakha lokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukuphawula kwetshe” (岩韵, yányùn) ekunambithekeni.
• Ezolimo: Izihlahla ezindala zikhula endaweni yasehlathini lasendle phakathi kwezitshalo zendawo (isihlahla se-dove, i-silver fir), ngaphandle komanyolo noma izibulala-zinambuzane. Ensikweni yamapulazi asetshenziswa umanyolo ophilayo (umquba); ukusetshenziswa kukadoti wasemadolobheni, wezimboni, noma wezokwelapha akuvunyelwe ngokwezinga le-NY/T5018-2001.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Nánchuān Hóngchá ikhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-classical gōngfū hóngchá (工夫红茶) kanye nezici zendabuko zendawo eziqashelwa njengegugu elingabonakali laseChongqing. Ubuchwepheshe be-«Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng» buchazwa ngokuthi “indlela yasendulo + ubuchwepheshe besimanje obuhlakaniphile” (古法 + 现代智能工艺).

• Ukuqoqwa (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukukha ngesandla kwezinto ezintsha; emabhetsheni aphambili — kuphela amahlumela amakhulu asekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo avela ezihlahleni ezindala.
• Ukonakaliswa / “ukukhishwa kwephunga” (萎凋 / 放香, wěidiāo / fàngxiāng): Ukunciphisa kancane umswakama emaqabungeni, ukuqala izinqubo zokuvutshelwa nokulungisa iphrofayili yephunga. Kusetshenziswa ukonakaliswa okungokwemvelo emoyeni; ezihlahleni ezinamacembe amakhulu lesi sigaba sithatha isikhathi eside kunasemakhenjini anamacembe amancane.
• Ukunyakazisa / ukugoqa (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukudilizwa kwesakhiwo samangqamuzana ngomshini ukuze kukhishwe ijusi; ukwakheka kokugoqa okuqinile okuphawulekayo. Iqabunga elijiyile lezinto zezihlahla zidinga ukunyakazisa okude nokuncane.
• Ukuvutshelwa / i-oksidineshini (发酵, fājiào): Isigaba esibalulekile: ukuthuthukiswa kwama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin, ukwakheka kwemibono emnandi, yoju nezithelo. Izinga lokushisa elilawulwayo nomswakama; ezihlahleni, ukuvutshelwa kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwedlula okwejwayelekile, okunikeza ukunambitheka okujulile nokunezingqimba eziningi.
• Ukomiswa / ukufudumeza (干燥, gānzào): Ukuqinisa iphrofayili yokunambitheka nephunga. Kusetshenziswa ukufudumeza ngamalahle (炭火, tànhuǒ) ngokwendabuko okulandelwa ukuzinzisa.
• Ukuhlukaniswa (分级, fēnjí): Ukwehlukaniswa ngezigaba — amabhethi anengxenye ephezulu yezichopho eziwugolide ahlukaniswa ngokukhethekile. Itiye eliqediwe liyahlolwa futhi lipakishwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezingavumeli ukuthintana namaphunga angafanele.

Ubucikomfihlo bezinto zezihlahla busekuthatheni isikhathi eside ukunyakazisa (iqabunga elikhulu lilahlekelwa umswakama kancane), ukunyakazisa okuncane ngomfutho ophansi (ukuze kungonakaliswa isakhiwo seqabunga elijiyile), kanye nokuvutshelwa okuhlala isikhathi eside, okuvumela ukuvezwa okugcwele kwamandla e-polyophenol nama-amino acid anqwabelene.

6. Izimpawu Zokuzwa:

• Isimo seqabunga elomile: Ukugoqa okuqinile, okuhlanganiswe kahle; ubukhulu obujwayelekile bukuphakeme — bukhulu futhi bujiyile kunokwejwayelekile kwe-Fujianese gōngfū. Umbala umnyama kakhulu obengezela njengamafutha (乌润光亮). Izichopho eziwugolide (金毫, jīnháo) zibonakala kahle emabhetsheni aphambili.
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Lufudumele, lunamaphunga ezimbali agqamile, ukuthinta okuncane kwezithelo ezivuthiwe kanye nokwenanasi okuncane kwephunga lamaminerali “etshe”.
• Iphunga locwenge: Linezingqimba eziningi: igagasi lokuqala — izimbali (i-orchid, i-magnolia), eliphakathi nendawo — uju oluguqukela ezithelweni ezomisiwe (i-apricot eyomisiwe, usuku), elesiphetho — isinkwa ne-caramel. Isici esiyingqayizivele ukuphikelela kwephunga ngisho nangemva kokugobhoza okuyisi-7–8.
• Ukunambitheka: Kugcwele umzimba, kushubile, kunobumnandi obuphawulekayo bemvelo (回甘, huígān). Ubuhlungu buthambile futhi bayiyingi, abunokuhlasela. Ukunambitheka okusemuva kuhlikihlayo, kuhlala isikhathi eside, kunamaphunga oju lwezimbali nokumuncu okuncane kwezithelo. Amabhethi aphambili asezihlahleni ahlukaniswa ngokuminyana okwenyukayo “komzimba” (茶体, chátǐ), okusondela kuma-dianhong aseYunnan.
• Umbala wocwenge: Owolintshi obomvu (橙红), ogqamile futhi osobala, onomphetho wegolide ogqamile (金圈, jīnquān) ebusweni — uphawu lokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-theaflavin.
• Isizinda setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe): Iqabunga livuleka ngokunwebekayo nangokulinganayo; amaqabunga amakhulu, alondoloze kahle ukuma kwawo anombala omlibofiya ophuzi kuya komnyama ngokuphuzi. Izinto zezihlahla ziveleka ngokugqamile, zibonisa umhlwenga oqinile nonxantathu lwemizwa ogqamile.

7. Isimo Samakhemikhali:

• Ama-Polyphenol: Imikhiqizo yama-oksidensi we-catechin igcinile — i-theaflavins (ebhekene “nokuphila” nomphetho wegolide wocwenge) nama-thearubigin (akha ukujula kombala nomzimba wokunambitheka). Isamba sokuqukethwe kwama-polyphenol etiye — ≈ 24–28% (ngokusho kwemininingwane yezinto ezifanayo ezinamacembe amakhulu zaseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeShayina).
• Ama-Amino Acid: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu ngokukhethekile — kufinyelela ku-4.3% (ngokwemininingwane yocwaningo lwezolimo lwe-C. nanchuanica), okudlula kakhulu izinkomba zamatiye amaningi abomvu. I-L-theanine inikeza ubumnandi obuthambile nokunambitheka okusemuva “okunokhilimu”.
• Ama-Alkaloid: I-caffeine — izinga eliphakathi nendawo (ngokwejwayelekile 2.5–3.5% ezihlahleni ezinamacembe amakhulu); i-theobromine ne-theophylline kumanani amancane.
• Isikhungo samanzi (水浸出物): ≥ 35% — inkomba ephezulu, echaza ukugcwala kocwenge nokumelana okuhle nokuphindeka kaningi.
• Amavithamini namaminerali: Amavithamini eqembu B, uvithamini C (okubhujiswa kancane ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa); i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc. Inhlabathi enama-carbonate icebisa iqabunga nge-selenium nezinye izakhi zokulandelela.
• Imikhiqizo ephunga kamnandi eshintshashintshayo: Ingxube ye-terpenes yezimbali (i-linalool, i-geraniol) nemikhiqizo yokusabela kwe-Maillard, eyakhiwe ngesikhathi sokomiswa; yiyona enikeza iPale ye-floral-honey.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

• Ukuvuselela okuncane: Inhlanganisela ye-caffeine ne-L-theanine eningi inikeza amandla ngaphandle kokukhathazeka — umphumela uyalingana futhi uhlala isikhathi eside kunekhofi.
• Umsebenzi wokulwa ne-oksidishini: Ama-Theaflavin nama-thearubigin anamandla amakhulu okulwa ne-oxidishini, anomthelela ekuvikelweni kwamaseli ekucindezelekeni kwe-oksidishini.
• Ukusekelwa kokugaya ukudla: Itiye elibomvu elifudumele elinobuhlungu obulinganiselayo liyathokozisa esiswini; ngokwesiko liphuzwa ngemuva kokudla ukuthuthukisa ukugaya.
• Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo: Ekusetshenzisweni okulinganiselayo, ama-polyphenol etiye elibomvu asekela ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi futhi enze izinga le-cholesterol libe ngokwejwayelekile.
• Umthelela wokufudumeza: Ubaluleke kakhulu ngezikhathi ezibandayo; umzimba ogcwele unciphisa ngokomqondo ukukhathala nokugodola.
• Imisebenzi yokuqonda: I-L-theanine ithuthukisa ukugxilisa ingqondo nesimo “sokugxilisa okuthulile”.
• Ukusekelwa ngamaminerali: Ukuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwe-zinc, i-manganese ne-selenium (okubangelwa indawo enamatshe amaningi) kunenzuzo ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba nasekubukekeni kwesikhumba.
• Ukuphumula kanye nokunciphisa ingcindezi: Izinga eliphezulu le-L-theanine (kufinyelela ku-4.3% yama-amino acid ezindongeni zangempela) kusiza ekukhiqizweni kwamagagasi e-alpha ebuchosheni, okuvumela ukuphumula ngaphandle kokuzwa ubuthongo — okuhambisana kahle netiye lantambama.

Inothi: Lezi zinzuzo zincike emininingwaneni ejwayelekile yezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo kwitiye elibomvu futhi akuzona izincomo zezokwelapha. Ukusabela komuntu ngamunye kungahluka.

9. Ukuphisa:

• Izinga lokushisa kwamanzi: 90–95°C. Emabhetsheni aphambili avela ezihlahleni kuvunyelwe u-95–98°C — iqabunga elijiyile livuleka kahle ngezinga lokushisa eliphakeme.
• Inani le tiye: 4–6 g nge-100–120 ml.
• Iziphuzo: I-gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) eyenziwe nge-porcelain emhlophe — ifaneleka kahle ekuvezeni iPale yezimbali. I-teapot ye-Yixing (宜兴紫砂壶) — yengeza ukubayindilinga okwengeziwe ekondleleni. Ngesitayela saseYurophu — i-teapot ye-porcelain enomthamo we-200–300 ml.
• Inqubo:
  1. Fudumeza isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwachitha.
  2. Thela itiye; uphefumule iphunga leqabunga elomile elifudumele.
  3. Ukuwasha: ngokusonta okuqinile, ukushesha (imizuzwana eyi-1–2) kuvunyelwe; ezihlahleni ezinamacembe amakhulu kusiza “ukuvusa” iqabunga.
  4. Ukugobhoza kokuqala: imizuzwana eyi-8–12.
  5. Ukugobhoza kwesi-2–4: imizuzwana eyi-10–15.
  6. Ukugobhoza okulandelayo: yandisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana eyi-5–10. Izinto zezihlahla zihlala ukugobhoza okuyi-8–10 noma ngaphezulu, kugcinwa ukunambitheka nephunga okuzinzile.

10. Ukugcina:

• Isitsha esivaliwe (izikhwama zokuvikela umoya, izitini zikathayela), ukuvikelwa emaphungeni angaphandle, ukukhanya okuqondile nomswakama.
• Izinga lokushisa elifanele: 15–25°C, indawo eyomile emnyama. Isiqandisi asidingeki.
• I-Nánchuān Hóngchá entsha ivuleka kahle kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisi-6–18 zokuqala. Amabhethi ekhwalithi aphezulu asezihlahleni angakwazi “ukuyindingiliza” kancane phakathi neminyaka emi-2–3 uma egcinwe kahle, ethola ukujula okwengeziwe.

11. Intengo nokukhwabanisa:

• Ibanga lentengo: Libanzi. I-gōngfū ejwayelekile evela ezitshalweni ezilinywayo — isigaba esithengekayo. I-«Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng» ephambili evela ezihlahleni — ingxenye engenhla kakhulu (kufinyelela ku-120,000 yuan nge-1 kg ngokusho komkhiqizi), okubangelwa ubuncane bezinto zokuqala.
• Izinto ezithinta izindleko: Iminyaka yesihlahla; ukuphakama kokuhlala; izinga lokuqoqwa (ihlumela elilodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nehlumela elinamacembe); ingxenye yezichopho eziwugolide; ibhethi yasentwasahlobo uma iqhathaniswa neyehlobo.
• Indlela yokugwema okungamampunge:
  1. Thenga kubaphakeli abathembekile abanokulandelwa kwebhethi kuze kufike epulazini elithile (inkampani i-Jīnshānhú, 金山湖).
  2. Hlola iqabunga: izinto zangempela zezihlahla zikhulu futhi zijiyile kunokwejwayelekile; ukugoqa kuqinile, kodwa akukuncane.
  3. Hlola iphunga: iPale ehlanzekile yezimbali noju ngaphandle kwamanothi “okushisa”, amuncu, noma isikhuthu.
  4. Ukugobhoza: o-orenji obomvu, ogqamile futhi osobala onomphetho wegolide; ukufiphala noma ukungakhanyi kuyisignali exwayisayo.
  5. Ukuqina: I-Nánchuān Hóngchá yangempela yezihlahla igcina ukunambitheka nephunga ngemuva kokugobhoza okungaphezu kuka-7; okungamampunge “kuphefumula” ngemuva kwe-3–4.

12. Amaqiniso Ahehayo:

• Entabeni i-Jīnfóshān kutholwe esinye sezihlahla ezindala kunazo zonke emhlabeni — iminyaka yaso icishe ibe ngu-2700. I-International Tea Research Society yasinikeza isihloko esithi “Itiye Lasezulwini LikaBuddha” (天赐佛茶), futhi emphakathini wetiye waseShayina lesi sihlahla sibizwa ngenhlonipho ngokuthi “ukhokho wezihlahla zetiye” (茶树鼻祖).
• Isihlahla esikhulu saseNánchuān (Camellia nanchuanica) siyisidalwa salapha esingatholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi itiye elibomvu elivela kulezi zingxenye zisondela ngekhwalithi emaqabungeni amakhulu aseYunnan, futhi ngokuqukethwe kwe-amino acid liyawadlula.
• «Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng» ithole umklomelo kazwelonke we-”Golden Bud” (金芽奖, Jīnyá Jiǎng) futhi yaqashelwa njengophawu olusha lwetiye elibomvu lase-Bāyú (巴渝).
• Indlela yendabuko yokwenza leli tiye idluliselwa phambili wumgcini-mkhuba u-Tan Shuli (谭树立) futhi icwaningwa ngokubambisana neNyuvesi yaseNingizimu-ntshonalanga (西南大学) kanye ne-Chongqing Institute of Arbor Tea.
• Emzaneni iCháshù kunemnyuziyamu i-Jiāmù Yuán (嘉木源大树茶博物馆), lapho izivakashi zingazama khona “itiye elinamafutha” lendabuko futhi zilandele umlando wokutshala itiye kusukela esikhathini se-Ba (巴国) kuze kube namuhla.
• Isifunda saseNánchuān siyingxenye yesifunda sikazwelonke sokubonisa ukumiswa kokutshala itiye futhi singenye yezifunda zokuqala ezigunyazwe ukwakha indawo yesimanje yokubonisa ezolimo. Ngaphandle kwetiye, lesi sifunda saziwa ngokukhethekile kwezolimo “ezintathu kanye ezimbili”: imithi yemvelo, itiye lezihlahla, amakhabe omoba, irayisi laseNánchuān, nama-blueberry.
• I-«Qiānnián Jīnshān Hóng» ibe iphrojekthi eyisihluthulelo esayinwayo ngaphansi kokubambisana kukaHulumeni waseShayina no-Singapore (中新互联互通) futhi isivele ithunyelwa e-Singapore, e-United States nakwamanye amazwe.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye abomvu:

• Diānhóng (滇红, Diānhóng): Itiye elibomvu laseYunnan elivela ezitshalweni ezinamacembe amakhulu var. assamica. Linamandla amaningi, “linentuthu”, linemibono ehlukile yetshokholethi ne-caramel. I-Nánchuān Hóngchá inhle kakhulu, inephunga lezimbali eliphakeme “nelitshe”, ngokuqina okufanayo ekugobhozeni.
• Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng (正山小种, Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng): Itiye elibomvu laseFujian elivela ezitshalweni ezinamacembe amancane. Amangqamuzana ephayini noma izithelo ze-coniferous. I-Nánchuān Hóngchá ayinayo intuthu, kodwa yabelana nge-xiǎozhǒng ukujula nobunzima bokunambitheka okusemuva.
• Qímén Hóngchá (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá): I-Anhui gōngfū ene “qí mén xiāng” (祁门香) ephawulekayo — enhle, enamandla e-orchid. I-Nánchuān Hóngchá ibanzi ngebala: ukwengezwa kwezimbali kuba nobusi namaminerali amatshe amaningi, kanti umzimba uminyene kakhulu ngenxa yamacembe amakhulu.
• Yǒngchuān Xiùyá (永川秀芽, Yǒngchuān Xiùyá): Itiye eliluhlaza laseChongqing elidumile — “umakhelwane” oseduze ngokwendawo. I-Nánchuān Hóngchá iyanezezela kumephu yetiye laseChongqing: uma i-Yǒngchuān Xiùyá ingukubanda okusha nokuthambile okuluhlaza, i-Nánchuān ingukufudumala, ukujula kanye nomzimba ogcwele onesimilo, ofanele indawo ehlukile eqoqweni lanoma yimuphi umthandi.

Ekugcineni:

I-Nánchuān Hóngchá yisimo esingandile lapho ngaphandle kokwaziwa okuncane kwetiye elibomvu lesifunda kufihlwe inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele: izihlahla zetiye eziyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane, indawo enamatshe amaningi eyi-World Heritage kanye nesiko lobungcweti eliphilayo eliqashelwa njengegugu elingabonakali. Ukugobhoza kwayo okuwolintshi obomvu okunomphetho wegolide, iphunga lezimbali noju elinezimangqimba eziningi kanye nokuqina okumangazayo ekugobhozeni okuphindaphindiwe — konke lokhu kwenza i-Nánchuān Hóngchá ibe yimpumelelo kulabo abazisayo amatiye abomvu axubile, agcwele umzimba onobuntu.

Leli tiye lihle kakhulu ngezikhathi ezibandayo zonyaka — liyafudumeza, lithambile futhi liyagona, livuleka kancane, libizela ekuphuzeni itiye ngokucabangisisa. Uma iYunnan inikeze umhlaba i-Diānhóng enamandla, iFujian yanikeza ama-Qímén nama-Xiǎozhǒng acolekileyo, izintaba zaseNánchuān zinikeza eyazo, indaba ekhethekile: itiye okungemuva kwalo okungenalo ikhulu leminyaka, kodwa izinkulungwane — kusukela embusweni wasendulo we-Ba kuze kufike emikhosini yamanje yediplomacy yetiye.