Mòlì Yín Háo · new.thetea.app

Uhlobo: Itiye elinephunga elifakiweyo (花茶, huāchá); itiye oluhlaza elenziwe ngamaqabunga athambile okuqala kanye nezimbali ezisematheni (烘青绿茶, hōngqīng lǜchá), elifakwa iphunga lezimbali ezintsha ze-jasmine. Ngokwesigaba saseChina, lingaphansi kwesigaba 特种茉莉花茶 (tèzhǒng mòlì huāchá) — “itiye le-jasmine elikhethekile,” okungukuthi izinga eliphezulu lamatiye e-jasmine akhiqizwa ngempahla eluhlaza okhethekile enephunga elinamandla eliphindaphindwayo.
Isigaba: Amatiye aphakeme anephunga elifakiweyo aseChina; itiye le-jasmine elikhethekile (特种) elisohlotsheni lwe-“yín háo” (银毫, “uboya besiliva”).
Indabuko: IChina. Izikhungo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza:
- Isifundazwe saseFujian (福建, Fújiàn): Indawo lapho amatiye e-jasmine ephakeme aqala khona. Idolobha iFuzhou (福州, Fúzhōu) lamukelwa njengendawo okwasungulelwa kuyo ubuchwepheshe bokufaka iphunga le-jasmine. Izindawo ezifana nezifunda zaseFuding (福鼎, Fúdǐng) naseZhenghe (政和, Zhènghé) nazo zidlala indima enkulu njengezikhungo zokukhiqiza impahla eluhlaza okhethekile yamaqabunga amancane. Isifunda sinikezwe ukuvikelwa kwendawo ngokusemthethweni ngegama elithi “Fuzhou Moli Hua Cha” (福州茉莉花茶).
- Isifunda esizimele saseGuangxi Zhuang (广西, Guǎngxī): Isifunda saseHengxian (横县, Héngxiàn, manje esiyisifunda saseHengzhou sedolobha laseNanning) — okuyisikhungo esikhulu kunazo zonke eChina sokutshala i-jasmine nokukhiqiza itiye le-jasmine.
- Isifundazwe saseYunnan (云南, Yúnnán): Kudingidwa kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amakhulu, okunikeza itiye umqondo ogcwele.
- Isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, Sìchuān): Kukhiswa amatiye e-jasmine (isibonelo, umugqa we-“Bìtán Piāoxuě”, 碧潭飘雪).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: IFuzhou (isikhungo esiyinhloko): 26°04′ N, 119°18′ E. IHengxian (Guangxi): 22°41′ N, 109°16′ E.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Ngokwesiko:

Umlando: Ukufaka iphunga le-jasmine etiyeni (茉莉花茶窨制工艺, mòlì huāchá xūnzhì gōngyì) kungenye yezindlela zakudala zokwenza itiye eChina. Imisuka yayo ihlehlela emuva enkathini yeSong (宋, 960–1279): isazi saseningizimu yeSong uZhao Xigu (赵希鹄, Zhào Xīhú) encwadini ethi “Tiaoxie Leibian” (调燮类编, 1240) sachaza kabanzi inqubo yokufaka iphunga lezimbali etiyeni. Ngenkathi yeMing (明, 1368–1644), itiye le-jasmine lasakazeka kabanzi: uXu Bo (徐勃) encwadini ethi “Mingtan” (茗谭) waphawula ukuthi “abantu baseMin (Fujian) ngokuvamile bafaka itiye nezimbali ze-jasmine.” Emibhalweni ye-Fuzhou (福州府志) kubhalwe ukukhiqizwa kwetiye le-jasmine eFuzhou ngesikhathi se-Wanli (万历, 1573–1619). Ukusetshenziswa kwamaqabunga amancane athambele ezingeni eliphezulu (銀毫, yín háo) okwenziwa ngamatiye e-jasmine angezinga eliphakeme, kungenzeka kwaqala ngekhulu le-19 noma le-20 lapho kunesidingo esikhulu sokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezingqapheli eziphakeme. Ngo-1982, i-“Tianshan Moli Yinhao” (天山茉莉银毫) yathola isithunzi se-“Mkhiqizo Osezingeni Eliphezulu” (优质产品) oluvela eMnyangweni Wezohwebo wasePeople’s Republic of China. Ngo-2014, ubuchwepheshe bokufaka iphunga le-jasmine eFuzhou (福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺) bafakwa ohlwini lwamagugu ezwe lonke eChina, kwathi ngo-2022 kwafakwa engxenyeni yengxenye yomsebenzi othi “Amasu endabuko okuphathwa kwetiye kanye namasiko ahlobene nawo eChina,” owasungulwa ohlwini lwe-UNESCO.
Igama:
- «Moli» (茉莉, mòlì) — i-jasmine. Likhomba isithako sokufaka iphunga — izimbali ze-jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac).
- «Yin» (银, yín) — «isiliva,» «okwesiliva.» Chaza umbala osiliva wezinwele ezimboze amaqabunga etiye.
- «Hao» (毫, háo) — «izinwele,» «uboya,» «毫尖» (háojiān). Leli gama lisho izinwele ezincanyana (trichomes) ezingaphezulu kwamaqabunga etiye athambile — uphawu lokuqoqwa kwangaphambili kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu.
- Ngakho-ke, «Mòlì Yín Háo» ngokwezwi nezwi lisho «I-Jasmine eyiliva enezinwele» — igama elikhomba kanyekanye isithako sokufaka iphunga, isici esibonakalayo sempahla eluhlaza, kanye nesimo somkhiqizo.
Ukubaluleka ngokwesiko: I-Mòlì Yín Háo ithathwa njengelinye lamatiye e-jasmine acwengekile eChina, elibonisa umqondo wefilosofi «wobunye betiye nembali» (茶花合一, cháhuā hé yī) — lapho iphunga le-jasmine kanye nokunambitheka kweqabunga letiye kuhlangana kube yinto enhle futhi engenakuphikisana. Itiye le-jasmine lezindawo eziphakeme ngokwesiko lalisetshenziswa njengezipho zikahulumeni zetiye (国礼茶, guólǐ chá) — ikakhulukazi, itiye le-jasmine laseFuzhou lalivame ukunikezwa izithunywa zakwamanye amazwe. Encwadini ethi «Zhongguo Mingcha Zhi» (中国名茶志, «Umlando wamatiye adumile aseChina»), itiye le-jasmine laseFuzhou libhalwe njengowukuphela kwemithonjana yamatiye e-jasmine phakathi kwamatiye omlando adumile aseChina.

3. Incazelo Yesayensi Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo:

Isisekelo setiye (茶坯, chá pī): Ukwenziwa kwe-Mòlì Yín Háó, kusetshenziswa itiye oluhlaza olusezingeni eliphezulu lwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo loluhlobo lwe-烘青 (hōngqīng, «eyomiswe ngomoya oshisayo»), olwenziwe ngamaqabunga amancane asemasha, ambozwe ngoboya besiliva obujiyile. E-Fujian kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezilandelayo: Fuding Dabai (福鼎大白, Fúdǐng Dàbái), Fuding Dahao (福鼎大毫, Fúdǐng Dàháo), Zhenghe Dabai (政和大白, Zhènghé Dàbái), kanye nezinhlobo zendawo zetiye eFuzhou — Rongchun Zao (榕春早), Gushan Caicha (鼓山菜茶). Ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile kunquma ukuthi amaqabunga angakwazi yini ukudonsa iphunga le-jasmine: lapho uboya bunamandla futhi ingaphezulu leqabunga linokuvuleka okuningi, lapho iphunga lingena lijule futhi linamathele ngokuqinile.
I-Jasmine (茉莉花, mòlì huā): Kusetshenziswa izimbali ezintsha, ezisanda kuvuleka ze-jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton, umndeni we-Oleaceae). I-jasmine sambac yisihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esiphakama ngamamitha ayi-1–3, esivela eNingizimu naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, esesitshalwe ezindaweni ezishisayo eChina. I-jasmine yaseFuzhou inePhunga eliqine ngokukhethekile nelihlanzekile — ucwaningo lwaseBeijing University lwathola izingxube ezingamashumi amane nantathu (43) zephunga ezibonakalayo, kuhlanganise ne-cis-3-hexenol (ingxenye «yokuhlaza okusha») ehlukile eFuzhou, engatholakali kwezinye izifunda zaseChina.
Ukuqoqwa kwempahla eluhlaza yetiye: Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kweQingming (清明前, qīngmíng qián), kuqoqwa amaqabunga amancane angakavuleki noma amaqabunga aneqabunga elilodwa elisanda kuvuleka.
Izinga lokuqoqwa kwetiye: Izinga eliphezulu — amaqabunga amancane angakavuleki kuphela (单芽, dān yá), izinga elamukelekayo — iqabunga elilodwa elincane elineqabunga elilodwa (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chūzhǎn).
Ukuqoqwa kwe-jasmine: Izimbali ziqoqwa ehlobo (Julayi–Agasti, inkathi ye-大暑, dàshǔ — «Ukushisa Okukhulu»), lapho i-jasmine iqhakaza kakhulu futhi inephunga elimnandi. Ukuqoqwa kwenzeka emini, emahoreni ashisayo kakhulu, lapho amabhontshisi esavulekile (含苞待放, hánbāo dàifàng). Kusihlwa amabhontshisi avuleka ngokuphelele, eqala ukukhipha amafutha anephunga elimnandi — kungalesi sikhathi asetshenziswa ngaso ukufaka iphunga.
Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza: Ziphakeme ngokukhethekile kokubili isisekelo setiye nempahla ye-jasmine. Amaqabunga amancane — aphelele, enoboya obujiyile, futhi awanamonakalo. Izimbali ze-jasmine — zintsha, ziphilile, zivuleke ngokuphelele, futhi azikho izimpawu zokubuna.

4. Isimo Sendawo kanye Nezici Zokutshala:

IFuzhou (福州) kanye nomfula iMinjiang: Isikhungo esiyinhloko somlando wokukhiqiza. Sitholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga yeFujian, emfuleni ophansi weMinjiang (闽江, Mǐnjiāng). Isimo sezulu — siyisishisamoya esinomswakama (亚热带季风气候): amazinga okushisa ahlala unyaka wonke angama-19–21°C, imvula ingama-1200–1600 mm/ngonyaka. Amathafa okuhamba kwamanzi agudle uMfula iMinjiang anenhlabathi ene-asidi ephansi noma engena-asidi enesihlabathi esihle (pH 5.5–7.0), ekahle kakhulu ekutshalweni kwe-jasmine. Emini izinga lokushisa liphakeme, kuthi ebusuku imimoya yasolwandle evela eTaiwan Strait ishise umoya kakhulu — lomehluko ukhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwamafutha anephunga elimnandi emabhontshisini e-jasmine.
Ukuphakama kwezindawo ezitshalwa kuzo amatiye: amamitha angama-200–1000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle (kuya ngendawo: izindawo eziphansi ezisezintabeni zaseFujian zeFuding/Zhenghe, kanye nezindawo ezinamagquma zezitshalo zetiye zaseFuzhou).
Inhlabathi (yezindawo ezitshalwa kuzo amatiye): I-laterite ebomvu-ophuzi kanye nenhlabathi ephuzi yasezintabeni, okuyizici zaseFujian, ene-pH engu-4.5–6.0, ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo nezimbiwa.
Izimpawu: Into esemqoka yesimo sezulu nesilimo — ukuhlukaniswa kokukhiqiza ngokwendawo nangokwesikhathi: impahla eluhlaza yetiye iqoqwa entwasahlobo ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, kuthi i-jasmine itshalwe ezindaweni eziphansi ezifudumele; ukufakwa kwephunga kwenziwa ehlobo, lapho i-jasmine isesicongweni sokuqhakaza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isisekelo setiye sigcinwa izinyanga ezimbalwa (春制茶坯, chūn zhì chá pī — «umkhiqizo ongagcwalisiwe wengxube yetiye lwasentwasahlobo»), silindele i-jasmine yasehlobo — futhi ikhwalithi yokugcinwa ithinta kakhulu umphumela wokugcina.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Mòlì Yín Háó kuyinqubo enezigaba ezimbili, ehlanganisa ukwenziwa kwesisekelo setiye kanye nokufakwa kwephunga nge-jasmine okuphindaphindwayo. Okubalulekile — yizinhlobonhlobo ze-yunzhi (窨制, xūnzhì, ukufaka iphunga), ezinikeza itiye iphunga le-jasmine elijulile nelihlala isikhathi eside.

Isigaba I. Ukwenziwa kwesisekelo setiye (茶坯制备):

Ukuqoqwa (采摘, cǎi zhāi): Ngesandla, entwasahlobo, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
Ukukhaliphala (摊凉, tān liáng): Amaqabunga amancane asatshalaliswa ungqimba oluncane amahora ama-3–5 ukuze alahlekelwe umswakama ngokulingene.
«Ukubulala ukuhlaza» (杀青, shā qīng): Ukufakwa okuthambile, okusheshayo ku-180–220°C ukwenza ama-enzyme angasebenzi. Ukunakekela ngokukhethekile — ukuthi kungonakalisi uboya futhi kungashisi amaqabunga amancane athambile.
Ukupholisa (晾凉, liàng liáng): Ukusatshalaliswa kwamaqabunga amancane ashisayo ngokushesha ungqimba oluncane ukuze aphole.
Ukuhudula (揉捻, róuniǎn): Nge-Mòlì Yín Háó, ngokuvamile akusetshenziswa noma kwenziwa ukuhlela okuncane okugcina isimo semvelo seqabunga noboya besiliva.
Ukomiswa kokuqala (初烘, chū hōng): Ukomiswa ngomoya oshisayo kuze kufinyelele umswakama osele ongu-~6–8% — ngaphezulu kancane kwezinga lokugcina, ngoba isisekelo setiye kufanele sigcine amandla okudonsa ukuze sithole iphunga le-jasmine elizayo.
Ukugcinwa (存坯, cún pī): Isisekelo setiye sigcinwa endaweni eyomile, ephoile kuze kuqale isizini ye-jasmine (Julayi–Agasti).

Isigaba II. Ukufaka iphunga nge-jasmine (窨花, yìnhuā / 窨制, xūnzhì):

Ukulungiswa kwezimbali (鲜花处理): Amabhontshisi e-jasmine asanda kuqoqwa ayahlungwa, kususwa amabhontshisi alimele futhi angakavuleki. Amabhontshisi asatshalaliswa ukuze «ukuvuthwa» (堆放, duīfàng), kulindwe isikhathi sokuvuleka okuphelele kanye nokukhipha amafutha aphunga elimnandi ngokuphelele — ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka kusihlwa.
Ukuhlanganisa (拌花, bànhuā): Isisekelo setiye nezimbali ze-jasmine ezivulekile zifakwa ungqimba olushintshanayo ngobuningi obuthile (inani lezimbali kanye netiya lincike ezingeni kanye nenombolo yomjikelezo wokufaka iphunga). Ngemva kwalokho ingqikithi ihlanganiswa ngokucophelela, kodwa ngobumnene ukuze kube nokuthintana okulinganayo.
窨制 (xūnzhì, ukufaka iphunga): Ingxube yetiye nezimbali ishiywa amahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi nambili (8–12). Ngalesi sikhathi, iqabunga letiye lidonsa amakhemikhali asemoyeni anephunga le-jasmine — i-linalool, i-benzyl acetate, i-methyl jasmonate, i-indole, i-jasmone, nokunye. Umsebenzi uhambisana nokukhipha ukushisa nomswakama.
Ukuhlukanisa (起花, qǐhuā): Ngemva kokuphothulwa kokufaka iphunga, izimbali zihlukaniswa netiya ngokuhlunga.
Ukomiswa okuphindaphindiwe (复火, fùhuǒ): Itiye lomiswa ukuze kususwe umswakama owedlulele futhi kuqiniswe iphunga, kugcinwe amandla okudonsa awomjikelezo olandelayo.
Ukuphindaphinda: Wonke umjikelezo (ukuhlanganisa → ukufaka iphunga → ukuhlukanisa → ukomiswa) uphindwa izikhathi ezi-5 kuya kwezi-7 (五窨至七窨, wǔ xūn zhì qī xūn), isikhathi ngasinye kusetshenziswa inqwaba yezimbali ezintsha. Ukufaka iphunga okuphindaphindiwe yikho okuhlukanisa i-Mòlì Yín Háó kumatiye e-jasmine amaningi (imvamisa imijikelezo engu-2–3) futhi kuqinisekisa ukujula, ubuningi, nokuqina kwephunga. Umjikelezo ngamunye olandelayo «ushaya» iphunga lijule esakhiweni seqabunga letiye.
Ukuphakamisa iphunga (提花, tíhuā): Isigaba sokugcina — ukwengezwa kwenani elincane lezimbali ezintsha ze-jasmine ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngaphandle kokomiswa okulandelayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukukhanya nokuthi «kusha» kwamanothi aphezulu ephunga etiyeni elisetshenziswayo. Ngemva kwe-tíhuā (提花), izimbali zisuswa ngokucophelela (ngezinye izikhathi amacembe ambalwa ashiywa ngenxa yomphumela wokuhlobisa).
Ukuhlukaniswa kokugcina (分级, fēnjí): Ukususwa kwezingxenyana zetiye ezinesici, izinsalela zezimbali, izinduku, kanye nokuphukile.

6. Izici Zezinzwa (Organoleptic):

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amaqabunga amancane, athambile, angakavuleki, ambozwe kakhulu uboya besiliva obumhlophe. Isimo — sigobile kancane noma siqondile, sihlangene. Umbala — uluhlaza nesiliva onokucwebezela okunjengeparele. Ngezinye izikhathi etiyeni elomile kubonakala izinhlayiya ezincane zamacembe amhlophe e-jasmine. Amaqabunga kumele aphelele, afane, ngaphandle kokuphuka okukhulu.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Lihle, linezingqimba eziningi. Kuqhamuka iphunga elimnene, lemvelo le-jasmine — elimnandi, elinamanothi amancane oju kanye «nokuhlaza,» elihlangana ngokuhloniphekile nephunga elimnene leqabunga letiye eliluhlaza. Iphunga kumele libe msulwa, lingabi nokuhambahamba okungamanga, futhi lingabi nephunga lokubola.
Iphunga lokumnika: Isixha se-jasmine esihle, esithambile, esinamanothi amancane oju, i-lily of the valley, kanye nokuhlaza okusha. Iphunga liqala ngokuvuleka kancane: amanothi aphezulu — i-jasmine ekhanyayo, entsha; aphakathi — afudumele, anoju nezimbali; awesisekelo — athambile, awetiye, anokufudumala okuncane «kwesinkwa.»
Ukunambitheka: Kumnene, kumnandi, kumsulwa ngokukhethekile, kuqabula, kunoshukela wemvelo. Ukunambitheka kwetiye oluhlaza kanye ne-jasmine kuyalingana — akukho nesisodwa isithako esiqhamukayo. Ukunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside, okunambithela ngezimbali okumnandi (回甘, huígān), okunombala omncane woju. Ubuhlungu lapho kulungiswa ngendlela efanele abukho nhlobo. Umzimba womnikelo — ulula, unokuthungwa okusilika.
Umbala womnikelo: Ophuzi ngokuphaphathekile, osagolide onciphile, ocwebileyo kuyabengezela.
Inzansi yetiye (iqabunga elengisiwe): Amaqabunga amancane aphelele, anwebekayo, anemibala ephaphathekile eluhlaza, egcina uboya besiliva kanye nesimo sokuqala. Ukufana kwenzansi yetiye kuyinkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi.

7. Ukwakheka Kwekhemikhali:

I-Mòlì Yín Háó ihlanganisa iphrofayela ye-biochemical yetiye oluhlaza eliyigugu elihle nezingxenye zephunga le-jasmine.

Ama-Polyphenol (ama-catechin): 15–20% wesisindo esomile. I-EGCG, i-EGC, i-ECG, i-EC. Lokhu okuhlala kuyehla kancane phakathi nenqubo yokufaka iphunga okuphindaphindwayo (ukuchayeka kumswakama nokushisa okuvela ezimbalini kusiza ukuthi kube nokuncipha kancane kwama-catechin), okwenza ukunambitheka kuqhubeke nokuthamba — ubuhlungu nokumunyu kuphansi kunasetiyeni eliluhlaza lokuqala.
Ama-amino acid: 3.0–4.5% wesisindo esomile. I-L-theanine iyisithako esiqhamukayo. I-yunzhi enezigaba eziningi (窨制) nayo isiza ekwakhiweni kwama-amino acid angeziwe ngenxa yokuhlakazwa okuncane kwamaprotheni.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine — 2.0–3.0% wesisindo esomile (15–25 mg ngenkomishi eyi-150 ml). Izinga eliphakathi le-caffeine kanye ne-L-theanine kanye nemiphumela yokuphumuza yephunga le-jasmine kunikeza umphumela opholile wokukhuthaza.
Amafutha abalulekile e-jasmine: Izithako ezingathi sína zephunga eziqhamukayo ezidluliswe ezimbalini zaya etiyeni: i-linalool (ukusha kwezimbali), i-benzyl acetate (ubumnandi), i-cis-jasmone (ithoni ejulile ye-jasmine), i-indole (ngamanani amancane — ithoni «efudumele,» yesilwane, enikeza ukujula), i-methyl jasmonate, i-nerolidol, i-farnesol. Ingqikithi yamafutha abalulekile etiyeni elisetshenziswayo icishe ibe ngu-0.5–1.0% wesisindo esomile.
Amavithamini: I-Vitamin C (incipha kancane lapho kufakwa iphunga, kodwa igcina ngamanani abalulekile — afika ku-80–150 mg/100 g), amavithamini B₁, B₂, i-vitamin E.
Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-magnesium, i-fluoride, i-zinc, i-manganese.
Izici zokwakheka: Phakathi nenqubo ye-yunzhi (窨制) kwenzeka ukuhlakazwa okuncane kwamaprotheni angenakuncibilika eqabungeni letiye abe ama-amino acid, kuthi ama-polyphenol ahlaselwe ukuncipha okuncane. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani itiye le-jasmine lithathwa njengelithambile futhi linesihlungu esincane uma kuqhathaniswa netiye oluhlaza oluyisisekelo. Isilinganiso se-phenol-amine (酚氨比, fēn ān bǐ) siyehla, sishintsha iphrofayela yokunambitheka sibheke ebumnandini nokuthamba.

8. Izinzuzo Zempilo:

Ukusebenza kwe-antioxidant: Ama-catechin etiye oluhlaza (i-EGCG) ngokuhlangana nezingxenye ze-antioxidant ze-jasmine kuqinisekisa ukuvikela amangqamuzana ekucindezelekeni okwenziwa yi-oxidative.
Umsebenzi wokuphumuza nowokulwa nokucindezeleka: Iphunga le-jasmine (Jasminum sambac) linomphumela oqinisekisiwe ngokwesayensi wokunciphisa ukukhathazeka (anxiolytic) — ukuhogela iphunga le-jasmine kwehlisa amazinga e-cortisol futhi kukhuthaze ukuphumula. Lapho kuhlanganiswa ne-L-theanine yetiye oluhlaza, kwakheka isimo «sokucaca okuthobekile.»
Umthelela opholile wokukhuthaza: I-caffeine enesilinganiso ithuthukisa ukugxila nokukhiqiza ngokomqondo, kanti i-L-theanine inciphisa umthelela wokukhuthaza, ivimbele ukukhathazeka.
Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla: Itiye le-jasmine ngokwendabuko lithathwa njengesixazululo esisiza ukugaya. Ama-polyphenol abonisa umsebenzi olwa namagciwane omaphakathi emathunjini.
Ukusekela isistimu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ukuphuza itiye oluhlaza ngokuphindelela kuhlotshaniswa nokwehla kwe-LDL-cholesterol kanye nokugcina ithoni yemithambo yegazi.
Umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane nokuvuvukala: Amafutha abalulekile e-jasmine anezindawo zokubulala amagciwane; i-linalool ne-benzyl acetate zibonisa umsebenzi wokulwa nokuvuvukala.
Umthelela omuhle esikhumbeni: Ama-antioxidant (i-EGCG, i-vitamin C, i-vitamin E) kanye nezingxenye zokulwa nokuvuvukala ze-jasmine ngokuhlanganyela zisekela impilo yesikhumba.
Umthelela wokuqabula nokunciphisa ukoma: Ukunambitheka okulula, okumsulwa kanye nephunga lezimbali kwenza i-Mòlì Yín Háó ibe isiphuzo esihle kakhulu sasehlobo, kuhlanganise nokwenziwa okubandayo (冷泡, lěng pào).

9. Ukugxilisa (Ukulungiselela):

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 75–85°C. Amaqabunga amancane athambile adinga izinga lokushisa elithobekile — amanzi abilayo (100°C) akhipha ngokushesha amacatechin amaningi futhi angase «ashise» iphunga le-jasmine elithambile.
Inani letiye: 3–5 amagremu nge-150–200 ml wamanzi.
Isitsha: Iketela lengilazi noma ingilazi yegilazi — into enhle yokubuka ukuvuleka kwamaqabunga amancane esiliva. Futhi kuhambisana ne-gaiwan yobumba (盖碗) eyenziwe ngobumba omhlophe omncane — ivumela ukuhlola iphunga lesivaliso (闻盖香, wén gàixiāng) ngemva kokuchitheka ngakunye.
Inqubo:
1. Shisisa isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, bese uwakhipha.
2. Faka itiye elomile esitsheni.
3. Thela amanzi angama-75–85°C. Kuvunyelwe ukuhlanza okulula (imizuzwana engu-3–5); nokho, izingcweti eziningi azihlanzi itiye le-jasmine elisezingeni eliphezulu, ukuze zingalahlekelwa «iphunga lokuqala» (头香, tóuxiāng).
4. Gxilisa ukuchitheka kokuqala imizuzwana engama-40–60.
5. Khipha umnikelo bese uyathokoza.
6. Itiye limelana nokuchitheka okungu-4–6 ngokwandisa isikhathi sokugxilisa kancane kancane.
7. Bukela «umdanso wamaqabunga amancane» — izinkomba zesiliva zivuleka futhi zintanta emanzini, zethula umbukwane omuhle.

Ukugxilisa okubandayo (冷泡): I-Mòlì Yín Háó iyilungele kakhulu indlela yokugxilisa okubandayo. Faka amagremu angu-3–5 etiye esitsheni sengilazi esinama-300–400 ml wamanzi abandayo bese ushiya esiqandisini amahora angu-3–6. Umphumela — okuvuselelayo, okuphawuleka kakhulu nge-jasmine futhi okunobuhlungu obuncane.

10. Ukugcinwa:

I-Mòlì Yín Háó, njenge-tiye elinephunga elifakiweyo elinesisekelo esiluhlaza, idinga ukugcinwa ngokucophelela ukuze kugcinwe kokubili iphunga letiye nele-jasmine.
Izinga lokushisa: Okuhle kakhulu — esiqandisini ku-0–5°C ngokupakishwa okuvalekile, okuhlukaniswe nemikhiqizo enephunga elinamandla. Ukubanda kwehlisa ukuphuma kwamafutha anephunga kanye nokuncipha kwama-polyphenol.
Isitsha: Izikhwama ze-vacuum ezine-aluminium barrier layer (okuyintandokazi), izikwenke zikaswele ezinezivalo eziqine, iziqukathi zobumba. Gwema iziqukathi zengilazi ezibonakalayo — ukukhanya kubulala i-chlorophyll futhi kuqhubekisele phambili ukonakala kwephunga.
Isikhathi sokugcina: Uma kugcinwe esiqandisini — kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-18. Ezingeni lokushisa legumbi — akukho ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-8–10. Isikhathi esihle sokuyisebenzisa — izinyanga eziyi-6 zokuqala ngemva kokukhiqiza, lapho iphunga le-jasmine lisanda futhi lisha kakhulu.
Izitha zetiye: Umongo-mpilo, ukukhanya, umswakama, amaphunga angaphandle, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme.

11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:

I-Mòlì Yín Háó ingeyesigaba esiphezulu sentengo yamatiye e-jasmine. Intengo yayo enkulu idlula intengo yamatiye e-jasmine amaningi (imijikelezo emi-2–3 yokufaka iphunga okusekelwe eqabungeni elivuthiwe) futhi ifana nentengo yamatiye aluhlaza aphakeme. Izici eziyinhloko zentengo: ikhwalithi yesisekelo setiye (impahla yamaqabunga amancane), inani lemijikelezo yokufaka iphunga (imijikelezo emi-6–7 = kusetshenziswa kakhulu i-jasmine entsha), isithunzi somkhiqizi kanye nendawo yokukhiqiza (i-jasmine yaseFuzhou ibizwa kakhulu).

Ungayibona kanjani i-Mòlì Yín Háó esezingeni eliphezulu:

Ukubukeka: Amaqabunga amancane aphelele, afana, ambozwe kakhulu uboya besiliva. Ubuningi bokuphuka, izinduku, amaqabunga amakhulu, nezingcezu zezimbali kuyinkomba yekhwalithi ephansi.
Iphunga: Eliqhakazile, elihlanzekile, le-jasmine lemvelo, elihlangana kahle nendawo yetiye. Isivivinyo esibalulekile — iphunga kumele libe 鲜灵 (xiānlíng, «lisha futhi liphila»), hhayi 浊 (zhuó, «elididekile, elinzima»). Iphunga elihlabayo, «eliyiphunga» noma lokwenziwa kwe-synthetic liyinkomba yokufakwa kwephunga okungelona iqiniso ngama-essences esikhundleni se-yunzhi (窨制) yemvelo.
Ukunambitheka: Kumnene, kulinganiselwe, akunabuhlungu. Ukunambitheka kwe-jasmine kumele «kufakwe» emzimbeni wetiye, hhayi kuthathwe njengembatho yangaphandle.
Umbala womnikelo: Ocwebile, ophuzi ngokukhanyayo. Umnikelo odidekile noma onzima uphawu oluyisixwayiso.
Intengo: Intengo ephansi ngokweqisayo icishe iqinisekisa ukwenziwa okusha (itiye le-jasmine eliningi elivela eqabungeni elivuthiwe elinemijikelezo yokufaka iphunga engu-2–3 noma ukufakwa kwephunga okungelona iqiniso).

12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:

Ukuze kukhiqizwe ikhilogremu elilodwa le-Mòlì Yín Háó elisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu (imijikelezo yokufaka iphunga engu-6–7), kungase kudingeke kufike ku-5–8 kg ezimbali ezintsha ze-jasmine — okusho ukuthi isisindo sezimbali sidlula isisindo sesisekelo setiye izikhathi eziningana.
IFuzhou idolobha okuwukuphela kwalo eChina lapho i-molihua (茉莉花, i-jasmine) iyimbali esemthethweni yedolobha (市花, shìhuā). Isinqumo sathathwa yi-Fuzhou People’s Congress ngo-1985.
Ngo-1985–1986, itiye le-jasmine laseFujian lathola kabili «i-Golden Ginkgo Prize» (金桂奖) emqhudelwaneni womhlaba wonke we-Association of Gastronomic Tourism e-Paris.
Inqubo «yokuphakamisa iphunga» (提花, tíhuā) — ukugcina okokugcina kobuciko: inani elincane lezimbali ezintsha kakhulu ze-jasmine zengezwa etiyeni eselisetshenzisiwe ngaphandle kokomiswa okulandelayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa amanothi aphakeme «okusha» kwephunga, okuhlangana kuqala ngekhala lapho kuvulwa iphakethe.
I-Mòlì Yín Háó ilungele ukugxilisa okubandayo — ukugxilisa emanzini abandayo amahora angu-3–6 kunikeza isiphuzo esicwebile ngokuphelele, esivuselelayo esinamanothi aqhakazile e-jasmine ngaphandle kobuhlungu.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye e-jasmine:

Mòlì Lóngzhū (茉莉龙珠, Mòlì Lóngzhū, «I-Pearl Ka-Dragon Ye-Jasmine»): Isisekelo setiye — iqabunga elivuthwe kakhudlwana (iqabunga + amaqabunga ayi-1–2), eligoqwe laba amabhola ajiyile «amaparele.» ILongzhu inokunambitheka okunothe kakhulu, okugcwele komzimba okunomlingiswa oqhamile wetiye, kanti i-Yín Háó ithambile, iyathandeka, igxile ebumnandini nasebukhonkothweni.
Mòlì Dà Bái Háo (茉莉大白毫, Mòlì Dà Bái Háo, «I-Jasmine Enoboya Obukhulu Obumhlophe»): Itiye le-jasmine elihle kakhulu laseFujian, elikhiqizwe ngoboya obunamaqabunga amancane. Ngokomqondo liseduze ne-Yín Háó; umehluko — ohlotsheni oluthile lwesisekelo setiye kanye namanuansa enani lemijikelezo yokufaka iphunga. IDàbáiháo ivamise ukuba mikhulu ngobukhulu bamaqabunga amancane futhi ingase ibe noboya obuningi nakakhulu.
Mòlì Fèng Yǎn (茉莉凤眼, Mòlì Fèng Yǎn, «I-Jasmine Eye Of Phoenix»): Itiye elibunjwe libe yisimo esiyi-oval, esifana neso lenyoni. Ngokuvamile lenziwa ngempahla eluhlaza evuthiwe (iqabunga + iqabunga), linomzimba ophakathi nokunambitheka kwetiye okuqhamile.
Bìtán Piāoxuě (碧潭飘雪, Bìtán Piāoxuě, «I-Snowfall Over A Turquoise Pond»): Itiye le-jasmine laseSichuan lase-Emeishan, eliphawuleka ngokuba khona kwamacembe amhlophe e-jasmine etiyeni elomile. IPiāoxuě inephrofayela elisha, elifana «notshani» uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Yín Háó yaseFujian; isisekelo sayo setiye — ngokuvamile iqabunga eliyisicaba noma eligoqwe kancane, hhayi impahla yamaqabunga amancane.
Mòlì Huā Chá (茉莉花茶) yesigaba esiningi: Igama elivamile lawo wonke amatiye e-jasmine. Izinhlobo eziningi zikhiqizwa ngeqabunga elivuthiwe elisezikhundleni eziphansi (izinga 4–6) elinemijikelezo emi-2–3 yokufaka iphunga. Uma kuqhathaniswa nazo, i-Yín Háó ihluke ngokuphelele: impahla yamaqabunga amancane, imijikelezo ye-yunzhi engu-5–7 (窨制), iphunga elinezendlalelo eziningi, nokungabikho kobuhlungu.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Mòlì Yín Háó ingenye yamatiye e-jasmine acwengekile eChina, efanekisela isiko leminyaka eminingi lokufakwa kwephunga kwe-Fuzhou. Amaqabunga awo esiliva, adlule emijikelezweni eyisithupha noma eyisikhombisa «yokucwiliswa» ngephunga le-jasmine elisha, agcina ngaphakathi kwawo ukuthamba kwentwasahlobo yokuqala (lapho kuqoqwa khona itiye) kanye nomfutho ophakathi kwehlobo (lapho kuqhakaza khona i-jasmine). Kulabo abafuna itiye elikwazi ukuvuselela nokuphumuza ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukujabulisa iso nokwenza iphunga elimnandi, i-Mòlì Yín Háó iyoba ukukhetha okungenaphutha — isiphuzo lapho ubuciko benkulungwane yeminyaka babaculi betiye baseChina buvelela ngobuhle obungenasici.