Měirén Hóngchá · new.thetea.app

Měirén Hóngchá (美人红茶, měirén hóngchá) iyitiye elibomvu laseFujian elisezingeni eliphezulu, elikhiqizwe kuphela ngamaphuphu amancane angekaqhakazi (amathiphu) esitshalo setiye, ambozwe kakhulu uboya obusagolide. Igama elithi «美人» (měirén) — «intokazi enhle» — likhombisa ubuhle nobucwebezela baleli tiye: kusukela ekubukekeni kwamathiphu agolide kuze kufinyelele kuphrofayili emnandi yezinyosi ne-vanilla. Akufanele udideke ne-oolong yaseTaiwan ethi Dong Fang Mei Ren (東方美人, Dōngfāng Měirén) — nakuba amagama efana, lezi izinhlobo ezihluke ngokuphelele ngokobuchwepheshe, ngokwendawo yazo.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (红茶, hóngchá) — elivutshelwe ngokuphelele (eline-oxidation ephelele). Ngokohlelo lwaseYurophu, lilingana netiye elimnyama. Impahla ewugqozi yezinga eliphezulu, equkethe amathiphu kuphela.
Umkhakha: Itiye elibomvu laseFujian elisezingeni eliphezulu (闽红, Mǐnhóng). Liyingxenye yeqembu lamatiye asenyakatho yeFujian abalulekile, kanye neJīn Jùn Méi (金骏眉, Jīn Jùn Méi) kanye neZhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng (正山小种, Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng).
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建省, Fújiàn shěng), indawo yezintaba zaseWǔyí (武夷山, Wǔyíshān) kanye nezindawo eziphakeme eziseduze enyakatho yeFujian. Isifunda saseWǔyíshān siyisisulu somlando setiye elibomvu (kulapha lapho ngekhulu le-17 kwavela khona itiye lokuqala elibomvu emhlabeni — Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng) futhi kuyisiqwaga sama-oolong adumile asemaweni (岩茶, yánchá).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Isifunda saseWǔyíshān — cishe ku-27°45′ N, 118°01′ E.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: IFujian iyisiqwaga setiye elibomvu emhlabeni. Umlando wokukhiqiza amatiye abomvu ezintabeni zaseWǔyíshān ubuyela emuva ekupheleni kwekhulu le-16 — ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, lapho edolobhaneni laseTóngmùguān (桐木关, Tóngmùguān) kwatholakala ngengozi ubuchwepheshe bokuvutshelwa okuphelele kweqabunga, okwaqala ukuvela kweZhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng. Phakathi nekhulu le-17 kuya kwele-19, amatiye abomvu aseWǔyíshān ayethunyelwa eYurophu, lapho ayaziwa khona ngegama elithi «Bohea» (elisuselwe endleleni yaseFujian yokubiza igama elithi «武夷»). IMěirén Hóngchá njengohlobo oluzimele — iwumkhiqizo omusha uma kuqhathaniswa: indlela yayo yokwenza evamile yasungulwa ngemva konyaka wezi-2000, ngokuhambisana nokuthambekela okujwayelekile kokudala amatiye abomvu ezinga eliphezulu avela emathiphu, okugqugquzelwa impumelelo yeJīn Jùn Méi (eyakhiqizwa okokuqala ngo-2005). IMěirén Hóngchá iqhubekisela phambili isiko lokwenza itiye elibomvu kusetshenziswa impahla ewugqozi emnene kakhulu — amathiphu kuphela, ambozwe kakhulu uboya.
Igama: Měirén (美人) — «intokazi enhle, owesifazane omuhle»; Hóng Chá (红茶) — «itiye elibomvu». Igama eliphelele elithi «美人红茶» lihunyushwa ngokuthi «Itiye Elibomvu Lentokazi Enhle». Igama likhombisa ubuhle be-aesthetics yetiye: amathiphu agolide amahle afana neminwe emincane yabesifazane noma ubucwebe obuyigugu, kanti umhluzi ogolide uqhathaniswa nokucwebezela kweparele.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: IMěirén Hóngchá ithatha indawo phakathi kwamatiye abomvu aseFujian acwebile kakhulu. Ngokwesiko lomkhosi wetiye weGōngfū Chá (功夫茶, gōngfū chá), ifanekisela ubuhle nobumnandi — ngokungafani namatiye anamandla nacebile. Ngokomlando, amatiye abomvu asemathiphu ayethathwa njengekhambi: ngokwemithi yendabuko yamaShayina, “amaphuphu agolide” kwakuthiwa anezakhiwo eziqinisa umzimba neziwuthuthukisayo. Esikweni lamuhla letiye, iMěirén Hóngchá ingelinye lamatiye okwamukelwa ngalo izivakashi ezikhethekile: umhluzi walo ogolide kanye nokubukeka okuhle kwamathiphu kwakha umoya wobukhosi nokunaka imininingwane.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nempahla Esebenziswayo:

Izinhlobo / Icultyivar: Izinhlobo zaseShayina ezinamaqabunga amancane — Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Kusetshenziswa izihlahla zetiye zendawo, ezikhula ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseWǔyíshān nezindawo eziseduze enyakatho yeFujian ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-800–1200. Izihlahla eziphakeme ngo-1–1.5 m ezinamaqabunga anomumo we-obovate anobude obungu-6–8 cm kanye nonqenqema oluncane olumaqhuzu.
Ukuvuna: Ukuze kukhiqizwe iMěirén Hóngchá, kusetshenziswa impahla ewugqozi yezinga eliphezulu kuphela — amaphuphu aphezulu angekaqhakazi (amathiphu, 芽头, yátóu) anobude obungekho ngaphezu kwama-20 mm, ambozwe kakhulu uboya obumhlophe obumnene noma obusagolide (白毫, báiháo). Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngezandla ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yezimvula, imvamisa emahoreni okuqala ekuseni. Kusetshenziswa indinganiso eqinile yokukhetha, eyaziwa ngokuthi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Okungamele Zivunwe» (九不采, jiǔ bù cǎi): akavuni amaphuphu amanziswe amazolo, alimele, avulekile, angenalutho, akhubazekile, ashintshe umbala, ahlaselwe izinambuzane, amafushane kakhulu noma amade kakhulu. Lo mgomo uqinisekisa ukufana kanye nezinga eliphezulu lempahla ewugqozi.
Izidingo zempahla ewugqozi: Amaphuphu aphelele, angenakulimala, amancane anoboya obuningi kuphela. Ukuba khona kwamaqabunga avulekile noma izingcezu eziphukile akwamukeleki.

4. Indawo Yakhona (Terroir) kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa:

Isifunda: Izintaba zaseWǔyíshān enyakatho yeFujian — igugu leMvelo Lomhlaba le-UNESCO (kokubili amagugu emvelo nawamasiko, kusukela ngo-1999). Lesi sifunda sidume ngokuhlanganiswa okuyingqayizivele kwezinto zokwakheka komhlaba, isimo sezulu nezinto eziphilayo, okudala izimo eziyingqayizivele zokutshalwa kwetiye.
Ukuphakama okutshalwa kukho: Amamitha angu-800–1200 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Umhlabathi: Ikakhulukazi amadwala agugulekile anomxube we-acidic (igenithi, iphuphu, itshe lesihlabathi) okuyinto ephawulekayo yokwakheka komhlaba waseDanxia (丹霞地貌, Dānxiá dìmào) eWǔyíshān. Anothe nge-potassium, i-phosphorus nezinto ezincane, okufaka isandla ekunqwabelaneni kwamaminerali eqabungeni letiye.
Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu se-subtropical monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo cishe lingu-+17°C. Kunomswakamo ophezulu — izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-60% zonyaka zihambisana nenkungu. Ukuguqubala kwesibhakabhaka okuvamile kanye nenkungu kunikeza ukukhanya okusabalalisiwe, okunciphisa ukukhula kwamaphuphu futhi kube nomthelela ekugxiliseni izinto ezinuka kamnandi nama-amino acid. Ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwamazinga okushisa phakathi nosuku kukhuthaza ukwakheka kwama-monoterpenes (ilinalool, geraniol, limonene), akha iphunga lezimbali nezithelo.
Izici eziyingqayizivele: IWǔyíshān ingesinye sezifunda ezinezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziphakeme kakhulu eningizimu-mpumalanga yeChina. Izihlahla zetiye zikhula ezigodini, emithambekeni yamawa nasezindaweni ezinamathala, lapho isimo sezulu esincane sendawo ngayinye (甸, diàn) sihlukile. Lokhu kuhluka kwezindawo ezincane kunikeza itiye elivela ezindaweni ezahlukene iminonjana engafani ncamashi. Izintaba zaseWǔyíshān ezinamawa aqondile etshe lesihlabathi elibomvu zakha isimiso sezigodi eziwumngcingo nemihosha, lapho umswakamo, izinga lokushisa kanye nokungenela kwelanga kuhluka kakhulu kunasemithambekeni evulekile. Izihlahla zetiye, ezigxilile emifantwini yamadwala, zithola ingxube ecebile yamaminerali emadwaleni agugulekile, okubonakala ngenothi eliphawulekayo lamaminerali ekunambithekeni kwetiye — leyo «yányùn» (岩韵, yányùn), «ubuhle bamawa», okwenza amatiye alesi sifunda adunyiswe kakhulu.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqizwa kweMěirén Hóngchá kudinga ubumnene obukhethekile esigabeni ngasinye ngenxa yobumnene bempahla ewugqozi — amaphuphu aphelele:

Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukuvuna ngezandla kwamaphuphu amnene ekuseni kakhulu, kuhambisana nendinganiso ethi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Okungamele Zivunwe».
Ukubuna (萎凋, wěidiāo): Ukubuna kwemvelo emthunzini noma egumbini elingenisa umoya elinomsoco lapho izinga lokushisa lingu-22±2°C, isikhathi esicishe sibe amahora angu-16–18. Amaphuphu alahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakamo, athambe, izinqubo zokuqala ze-enzymatic ziqala, iphunga lezimbali liyakhula. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa nokugeleza komoya kubalulekile kakhulu — ukushisa ngokweqile kungaholela ekushisweni kwezicubu ezintekenteke.
Ukusonga (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukusonga okulula kakhulu, okucophelelayo — amaphuphu akufanele alinyazwe. Inhloso ukwephula kancane isakhiwo samangqamuzana nokukhipha amanzi amangqamuzana ukuze kuqalwe i-oxidation, kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuphelela nokuma okuhle kwamathiphu.
Ukuvutshelwa / I-Oxidation (发酵, fājiào): Isigaba esibalulekile. Senziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zomswakamo ophezulu (cishe u-85% RH) kanye nezinga lokushisa elipholile. Isikhathi — kusukela emahoreni ambalwa kuya kosuku lonke, kuya ngesiko lomcubunguli othile. I-oxidation ephelele yama-polyphenols yakha amatheflavini nama-thearubigini — izakhi ezinikeza umhluzi umbala ogolide-owolintshana, ukunambitheka okumnandi okuminyene kanye nephunga lezinyosi eliyingqayizivele.
Ukomiswa (烘干, hōnggān): Ukomiswa kokugcina ukuze kumiswe ukuvutshelwa futhi kwehliswe umswakamo ufike ezingeni eliphephile (ngaphansi kuka-5%). Kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ngezinga lokushisa elilawulwayo, ukuze kungalahleki iphunga elintekenteke. Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa ukomisa nge-infrared ukuthola umphumela olinganayo kakhudlwana.

6. Izici Zokuzwa (Organoleptic):

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amaphuphu amahle, azacile, asongwe kancane anombala ogolide noma omnyama-golide anoboya obuningi (白毫). Alingana ngosayizi — ubude bethiphu cishe bungu-15–20 mm. Izingcezu eziphukile noma amaqabunga avulekile akwamukeleki ezigabeni eziphezulu.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Linamandla, limnandi, linamanothi avelele e-vanilla, i-caramel noju. Iminonjana embalwa yezimbali (irozi, i-chrysanthemum). Lapho isitsha sifudunyezwa, kuvela amanothi e-almond eyosiwe nebheka elicebile.
Iphunga lomhluzi: Eliyingxubevange, elimnandi, lezinyosi nezithelo elineminonjana ye-vanilla, yezimbali ne-caramel. Iphunga lihlanzekile, alinawo amanothi entuthu noma omhlabathi.
Ukunambitheka: Okuminyene, okunamafutha, okubushelelezi. Ubumnandi bemvelo obugqamile — uju, i-caramel, izithelo ezomisiwe. Ukuncipha okuncane okujabulisayo ngaphandle kokubaba. I-asidi ilinganisele kahle. Umuzwa wokuthungwa okubushelelezi olimini.
Ukunambitheka kwasemuva: Okuhlala isikhathi eside, okumnandi, okuqabulayo, kunamanothi ezithelo noju. Kuphawuleka ubumnandi obubuyayo obuzayo kancane (回甘, huígān).
Umbala womhluzi: Ogqamile, ocacile, ogolide-owolintshana noma obomvu-ophuzi onokucwebezela. Umugqa ojwayelekile “wegolide” (金圈, jīnquān) ezindongeni zenkomishi.
Indawo yetiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe): Amaphuphu athambile, anwebekayo anombala obomvu wethusi, agcina ukuma kwawo okuhle. Ukuphelela nokufana kweqabunga eliphekiwe kuyinkomba yezinga.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Iphrofayili ye-biochemical yeMěirén Hóngchá inqunywa ubumnene bempahla ewugqozi (amathiphu kuphela) nokuvutshelwa okuphelele:

Ama-polyphenols: Ingqikithi yama-polyphenols — inkulu, noma kunjalo ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa okuphelele, ingxenye enkulu yama-catechins iguqulwa ibe amatheflavini (茶黄素) kanye namathearubigini (茶红素). Amatheflavini anikeza ukugqama komhluzi kanye nokuncipha okuqabulayo, amathearubigini — ukuminyana, ukujula kombala nobushelelezi. Isilinganiso samatheflavini namathearubigini sinquma izinga letiye elibomvu.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine (咖啡碱) — esesilinganisweni esiphakathi, okujwayelekile kumpahla ewugqozi yamathiphu. Amaphuphu aqukethe i-caffeine, kodwa ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu le-L-theanine, umphumela wayo ovuselelayo uncishisiwe. Kukhona ne-theobromine ne-theophylline ngamanani amancane.
Ama-amino acid: Izinga eliphakeme lama-amino acid akhululekile, okuyinto ejwayelekile kumpahla ewugqozi yamathiphu asekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Isakhi esiyinhloko — i-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸), enesibopho sokunambitheka okumnandi okufana ne-umami kanye nomphumela wokuphumula. Yileli zinga eliphezulu lama-amino acid elibangela ubumnandi bemvelo obugqamile betiye.
Amafutha abalulekile: I-limonene, i-linalool, i-geraniol, i-nerol kanye ne-vanillin akha iphunga elithize le-vanilla noju. Izakhi ze-monoterpene eziqongelele emathiphu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa endaweni yezintaba.
Amavithamini: Amavithamini eqembu B, uvithamini P (i-rutin). Izinga likavithamini C lehlisiwe ngenxa yokuvutshelwa okuphelele.
Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-fluorine, i-manganese — abangelwa ukwakheka kwamaminerali emhlabathini wezintaba zaseWǔyíshān.

8. Izinzuzo Zempilo:

Umphumela omnene wokuvuselela: Izinga eliphakathi le-caffeine uma lihlanganiswe ne-L-theanine linikeza ukuqaphela okuzolile nokwenza ngcono ukugxila ngaphandle kokukhuphuka okukhulu noma ukwehla kwamandla okulandelayo.
Umphumela we-antioxidant: Amatheflavini namanarubigini — imikhiqizo yokuvutshelwa kwama-polyphenols — agcina umsebenzi oqinile we-antioxidant, esiza ekunciphiseni ama-radicals akhululekile.
Ukusekela ukugaya ukudla: Itiye elibomvu likhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi okugaya ukudla. Ngokwendabuko, lithathwa njengolunye lwezinhlobo zetiye ezithambile esiswini, ngenxa yokuncipha okuphansi okusalayo.
Ukuqinisa imithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenols ne-rutin (uvithamini P) afaka isandla ekuqiniseni izindonga zemithambo yegazi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukunwebeka kwayo.
Ukusekela amasotsha omzimba: Ingxube yama-antioxidants nezinto ezincane isekela amandla okuvikela umzimba.
Umphumela wokuphumula: Izinga eliphezulu le-L-theanine lisiza ekudambiseni ukucindezeleka kwemizwa nasekuthuthukiseni isimo sengqondo ngaphandle kokozela. Inhlanganisela yokuvuselela okuncane nokuphumula yenza leli tiye lifanelekele ukuphuzwa emva kwesidlo sasemini.
Umphumela wokufudumeza: Emithini yendabuko yamaShayina, itiye elibomvu lithathwa njengephuzo “elifudumele”, elinconywayo ngesikhathi esibandayo sonyaka nakubantu abathambekele esimeni “esibandayo” somzimba.

9. Ukupheka (Ukulungiselwa):

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 85–90°C. Ungasebenzisi amanzi abilayo abukhali — amanzi ashishe kakhulu angalimaza amaphuphu amnene, anganezela ukubaba futhi acekele phansi iphunga elintekenteke.
Inani letiye: Ama-5–7 g emanzini ayi-100–150 ml endleleni yokuthela; ama-3–4 g ku-200–250 ml wokufakwa emanzini.
Isitsha: Igaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) yobumba noma igedlela lengilazi — kuvumela ukubuka “umdanso” wamathiphu agolide nombala womhluzi. Futhi kungasebenza igedlela lencane lomhlaba weYixing noma lobumba.
Inqubo (indlela yokuthela — Igōngfū Chá):
1. Geza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo ukuze kufudunyezwe.
2. Faka itiye elomile egayiwanini esifudunyeziwe. Donsa iphunga — kufanele kuvele amanothi e-vanilla noju.
3. Ukugeza (洗茶, xǐ chá): Thela amanzi ngo-85–90°C bese uwakhipha ngokushesha — ukuvusa amaphuphu.
4. Ukuthela kokuqala: imizuzwana engu-10–20. Iminonjana emnene yezimbali noju.
5. Ukuthela okulandelayo: yandisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana engu-5–10. Ukuthela okuphakathi kwembula ingqikithi ye-caramel ne-vanilla. Okokugcina — amanothi ezithelo ezomisiwe ne-nati encane.
6. Itiye lingamelana nokuthelwa izikhathi ezingu-7–10, ligcina ukunambitheka nephunga, liguquka kancane lisuka kokumnandi liye emanonjianeni amuncu athulile.
Ukufaka emanzini (indlela yaseYurophu): Ama-3–4 g ku-200–250 ml, kufakwe imizuzu engu-2–4.

10. Ukugcinwa Kwaso:

Isitsha: Esingangeni emoyeni, esingabonisi — isitsha setiye sobumba, ikani likathini elinesivalo esiqinile, isikhwama se-foil esivala umoya.
Izimo: Indawo eyomile, epholile, emnyama. Izinga lokushisa elifanele — lelikamelo, gwema ukuguquguquka okukhulu.
Izitha zetiye: Umswakamo, ukukhanya, umoya, amaphunga angaphandle (izinongo, ikhofi, amakha, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza yasendlini). Itiye elibomvu lamathiphu lizwela kakhulu emaphungeni angaphandle ngenxa yoboya obuningi obumunca iphunga ngenkuthalo.
Isikhathi sokugcina: Uma sigcinwe kahle — iminyaka engu-2–3. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukunambitheka kungase “kugcwale” kancane, kodwa ukuthuthuka okugqamile ngokuguga akwenzeki. Izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu — ngonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokukhiqizwa.

11. Intengo kanye Nezenzo Zokukhohlisa:

Isigaba sentengo: Ingxenye ye-elite ne-superpremium. Izindleko eziphezulu zibangelwa impahla ewugqozi yamathiphu kuphela (ukuze kutholakale ikhilogremu elilodwa letiye eliqediwe kudingeka inani elikhulu lamaphuphu), ukuvuna ngezandla okunzima ngokomgomo othi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Okungamele Zivunwe» kanye nomthamo okhawulelwe wokukhiqiza (ukuvuna kwasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuphela).
Izici zentengo: Izinga nokufana kwamathiphu, indawo yangempela yokukhula ngaphakathi kweWǔyíshān, isikhathi sokuvuna (esokuqala kunakho konke sibiza kakhudlwana), idumela lomcubunguli oyingcweti.
Imkhohliso: Njengamanye amatiye abomvu ezinga eliphezulu atholakala emathiphu (ikakhulukazi iJīn Jùn Méi), iMěirén Hóngchá isengozini yomgunyathi.
Ungayigwema kanjani imkhohliso:
- Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile: Thenga ezitolo ezithembekile zetiye nakubahlinzeki abanochungechunge olusobala lwemvelaphi.
- Hlola ukubukeka: Itiye langempela liqukethe amaphuphu agolide afanayo, aphelele anoboya obuningi. Ukuba khona kwamaqabunga aphukile, umbala ongafani noma uboya obufiphele kuyizimpawu zomgunyathi noma izinga eliphansi.
- Hlola iphunga: Iphunga eliphawulekayo elihlanzekile le-vanilla noju. Iphunga elibuthakathaka, elisicaba noma elingeyona imvelo — kuyisiginali eyethusayo.
- Hlola umhluzi: Ogqamile, ocacile, ogolide-ophuzi onomugqa “wegolide” ophawulekayo ezindongeni zenkomishi.
- Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo: Amatiye abomvu asemathiphu angeke abize kancane — ukusetshenziswa kwempahla ewugqozi nomsebenzi kukhulu kakhulu.

12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:

Indinganiso ethi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Okungamele Zivunwe» (九不采) ingenye yezindinganiso eziqine kakhulu embonini yetiye. Iqinisekisa ukuthi kusetshenziswa amaphuphu aphelele kuphela ekukhiqizeni, ilahla kufikela ku-30–40% wempahla ewugqozi ngesikhathi sokuvuna. Yilokhu kukhetha okucophelelayo okubeka izinga elitheni eliphakeme.
Ngokobuchwepheshe, iMěirén Hóngchá “ingudadewabo omncane” weJīn Jùn Méi edumile — womabili amatiya ayingxenye yesiko elifanayo lokukhiqiza amatiye abomvu asemathiphu enyakatho yeFujian, elathuthuka ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21. Noma kunjalo, umcubunguli ngamunye unikeza iminonjana yakhe endleleni yokwenza, edala umlingiswa oyingqayizivele.
Isifunda saseWǔyíshān siyisiqwaga setiye elibomvu emhlabeni (khulu le-17, iZhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng), amawulu adumile (岩茶) kanye nendawo yokuhambela yabathandi betiye abavela emhlabeni wonke. Isimo sezulu esincane sezigodi zaseWǔyíshān siyingqayizivele kangangokuthi itiye elivela ebangeni lamashumi ambalwa amamitha lingaba nomlingiswa ohlukile.
Umbala ogolide wamathiphu uwumphumela wezinga eliphezulu loboya obuncane (ama-trichomes), okuthi lapho kuvutshiwe kuthole umbala ogolide ophawulekayo. Lapho uboya buningi futhi bufana, kukhula izinga letiye.
Isiko letiye elibomvu laseFujian lithathe uhambo kusukela “ekutholakaleni ngengozi” (inganekwane yebutho lezempi elima endaweni yetiye eTóngmùguān futhi ngephutha laqala ukuvutshelwa kweqabunga) kuze kube ubuciko obuphakeme kakhulu — kanti iMěirén Hóngchá imele esinye seziqongo zale nqubekela phambili.

13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Abomvu:

IJīn Jùn Méi (金骏眉, Jīn Jùn Méi): Ifana eduze — futhi iyitiye laseFujian lamathiphu elivela eWǔyíshān. IJīn Jùn Méi ivame ukuqina kancane futhi icebe, igxile emanonjianeni ezithelo nentuthu (ezingcenyeni zendabuko). IMěirén Hóngchá imnene kancane, ineminonjana egqamile ye-vanilla ne-caramel.
IZhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng (正山小种, Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng): Itiye lomlando laseFujian elibomvu. Inguqulo yendabuko inamanothi agqamile entuthu ngenxa yokomiswa ngezinkuni zikaphayini. IMěirén Hóngchá inehluke ngokuphelele ngomlingiswa: ihlanzekile, ayinantuthu, icwebile futhi imnandi. Izinto zokusebenza ziyahluka futhi: iXiǎozhǒng yenziwa ngamaqabunga, kanti iMěirén — ngamaphuphu kuphela.
IQímén Hóngchá (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá): Itiye elibomvu elidume laseAnhui. Liyehluka ngephunga layo eliyingqayizivele elithi «qí mén xiāng» — iphunga elihlanganisa amanothi ezithelo, ezimbali nentuthu emincane. Umzimba unobunzima obumaphakathi. IMěirén Hóngchá inamafutha ngokwengeziwe, ibushelelezi, inobumnandi bemvelo obugqamile.
IDiānhóng Jīnyá (滇红金芽, Diānhóng Jīnyá): Itiye laseYunnan elibomvu lamaphuphu agolide elivela ezinhlotsheni zaseAssam ezinamaqabunga amakhulu. Linamandla, linothile, linobumnandi obufana nemithombo. IMěirén Hóngchá — evela ezinhlotsheni ezinamaqabunga amancane — imnene kakhulu, icwebile, inephunga elicwengekile neliyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa umzimba wayo awunawo amandla amakhulu.

14. Imikhawulo Engaba Khona:

Ukuzwela ku-caffeine: Abantu abanokuqwasha nokuthukuthela kwemizwa okwandayo abanconywa ukuphuza leli tiye ngaphambi nje kokulala.
Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa: Ukuphuza ngokulinganisela ngenxa yokuqukethwe yi-caffeine; kuyanconywa ukubonana nodokotela.
Ukuqubuka kwezifo zepheshana lokugaya ukudla: Uma une-gastritis enomswakama omningi noma isifo sezilonda esisesigabeni esibucayi, kufanele kuphuzwe ngokuqapha, ngoba itiye likhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi esiswini.
Ukusebenzisana nemithi: Njenganoma yiliphi itiye, kungase kusebenzisane neminye imithi — uma uphuza imithi njalo, kuyanconywa ukubonana nodokotela.

Sengiphetha:

IMěirén Hóngchá iwukufanekisa kobuciko obucwengile bobungcweti betiye laseFujian. Leli tiye, elenziwe ngamaphuphu agolide amnene kakhulu, akhethwe ngokomgomo othi «Izinto Eziyisishiyagalolunye Okungamele Zivunwe», liheha ngokubukeka kwalo okumangalisayo, ngephunga eliyinkimbinkimbi lezinyosi ne-vanilla kanye nokunambitheka okuminyene, okubushelelezi nokunambitheka kwasemuva okuhlala isikhathi eside okumnandi. Ezalwe ezintabeni zaseWǔyíshān — isiqhwaga setiye elibomvu emhlabeni — iMěirén Hóngchá iqhubekisela phambili isiko elineminyaka engamakhulu amane ubudala, ilikhuphulela ezingeni elisha lobuhle. Leli itiye lezikhathi eziyingqayizivele, lokuphuzwa kwetiye ngokucabanga nangokuzindla, lalabo abakwazisayo hhayi nje ukunambitheka, kodwa nobuhle besihibe ngasinye setiye.