Lúshān Yún Wù

I-Lúshān Yún Wù (庐山云雾, Lúshān yún wù) ingelinye lama-green tea amadala futhi adumile kakhulu e-China, elingenela ohlwini lwezihlonziwe oluthi “Amashumi ayishumi eTiyeni Eliyingqophamlando lase-China” (中国十大名茶). Igama layo — “Inkungu Enamafu YaseNtabeni i-Lushan” — lidlulisa ngokunembile umqondo: itiye likhula ngokoqobo emafini, emithambekeni yentaba engcwele, embozwe inkungu cishe izinsuku ezingama-200 ngonyaka. Ihlonishwa “ngamaphelela ayisithupha” (六绝, liù jué): amahlumela awugqinsi futhi aqine, umbala oyigolide eluhlaza oqukethe uboya obuningi obumhlophe, isiphalaphala esikhanyayo nesicacile, amahlamvu amnene afanayo ezansi, iphunga elijulile elihlala isikhathi eside, kanye nokunambitheka okugcwele futhi okumnandi.

1. Ukwahlukaniswa Nendabuko:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (elingavuthiswanga). Lingenela esigabeni samatiye aluhlaza aphekiwe (炒青绿茶, chǎoqīng lǜchá) anesimo sehlamvu esisontekile, esifana nezinalithi zikaphayini noma i-orchid.

• Isigaba: Lingenela ohlwini “Lwamashumi Ayishumi Etiyeni Eliyingqophamlando lase-China” (中国十大名茶). Liyingqophamlando “i-gongcha” (贡茶, gòngchá) — itiye lokuhlonipha elalithunyelwa enkantolo yombuso kusukela ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaSong. Ngo-1982 laqinisekiswa esimweni “Setiye Eliyingqophamlando lase-China” (中国名茶). Ngo-2015 lazuza indondo yegolide embukisweni wezwe lonke we-Expo eMilan.

• Indabuko: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Jiangxi (江西, Jiāngxī), idolobha lase-Jiujiang (九江, Jiǔjiāng), ukhahlamba lwe-Lushan (庐山, Lúshān). Indawo yokukhiqiza ihlanganisa yonke indawo yentaba i-Lushan, okuhlanganisa iziqongo ze-Hanyanfeng (汉阳峰), i-Wulaofeng (五老峰), i-Xiaotianchi (小天池) kanye nezihosha ezizungezile.

• Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe i-29°35′ yomugqa ophansi, i-115°59′ yomugqa ophakeme.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando: I-Lúshān Yún Wù ingelinye lamatiye anomlando omdala kakhulu, obalelwa eminyakeni engaba izinkulungwane ezimbili. Imvelaphi yokulinywa kwetiye e-Lushan ixhumene nezindela zobuBuddha nezihlaziyi zobuDao ngenkathi yobuHan (206 B.C. — 220 A.D.), okuyizona ezaqala ukukhetha nokwenza ipulazi emahlathini asendle emithambekeni yentaba.

  Esikhathini saseMpumalanga i-Jin (317–420), umeluleki wodumo wobuBuddha u-Huiyuan (慧远, Huìyuǎn) wasungula isigodlo se-Donglin (东林寺, Dōnglín Sì) ezansi ne-Lushan, wabe esethuthukisa isiko “lokukhiqiza kwezen” (农禅并重, nóng chán bìng zhòng) — ukuhlanganisa umkhuba wobuMonki nokulima, okwanikeza umfutho omkhulu kwisiko letiye kulesifunda.

  Esikhathini saseTang (618–907), u-Lu Yu (陆羽, Lù Yǔ) encwadini yakhe ethi “I-Canon Yetiye” (茶经, Chá Jīng) wabhala: “Itiye elisuka entabeni i-Lushan likhula emafini nasenkungwini, ukunambitheka kwalo kuhle kakhulu.” Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, itiye laqala ukuthunyelwa enkantolo njenge-“gongcha.” Imbongi u-Bai Juyi (白居易, Bái Jūyì) yalibonga itiye lase-Lushan ngezinkondlo, yaqinisa udumo lwayo lwemibhalo.

  Ngaphansi kobukhosi bakwaSong (960–1279), itiye ngokusemthethweni laba yisipho sombusi. Isazi sefilosofi u-Zhu Xi (朱熹, Zhū Xī) wasebenzisa itiye lase-Lushan ezingxoxweni zakhe zefilosofi, exhumanisa isiko letiye nemibono ye-neo-Confucian.

  Esikhathini sakwaMing (1368–1644), itiye lazuza igama elimile elithi “Yún Wù Chá” (云雾茶) — “I-Tea Lenkungu Enamafu,” elibonisa imvelaphi yalo esuka eziqongweni zentaba ezihlale zinemafu.

  Esikhathini sanamuhla: ngo-1959, uMarshal uZhu De (朱德, Zhū Dé) wanikela inkondlo edumisayo ngetiye; ngo-1982, i-Lúshān Yún Wù yangeniswa kwirejista esemthethweni “Yamatiye Adumile ase-China”; ngo-2015, yaklonyeliswa ngendondo yegolide embukisweni wezwe lonke we-Expo eMilan.

• Igama:

  • “Lushan” (庐山) — intaba engcwele esifundazweni i-Jiangxi, engenelela ohlwini lwamagugu omhlaba we-UNESCO. Igama lixhumene nenganekwane ngabafowethu abayisikhombisa bomndeni wakwaKuang (匡), abakha izihosha (庐, lú) entabeni esikhathini sakwaZhou.
  • “Yún Wù” (云雾) — “amafu nenkungu”: incazelo enembile yesimo sezulu sentaba, lapho iveli lamafu lime khona cishe izinsuku ezingama-200 ngonyaka, lidala izimo ezikhethekile zokukhuliswa kwetiye.

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Lushan ingenye yezintaba ezingcwele zobuBuddha nobuDao base-China, indawo yokuhambela kwemibhalo nokuhlala ngokwefilosofi. Itiye elisuka e-Lushan lihlobene ngokungahlukani nesiko le-Chan Buddhism (Zen), izinkondlo zeTang neSong, nomqondo wokuhlala kwabantu emagqumeni. I-Lúshān Yún Wù ayisona nje isiphuzo, kodwa ingumfuziselo wobumsulwa “obungaphezu kwamafu” nokukhanya okungokomoya.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

• Izinhlobo / Cultivar: Ukukhiqiza i-Lúshān Yún Wù kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbalwa zesihlahla setiye i-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis:

  • Yendawo i-Quntizhong (本地群体种, běndì Qúntǐzhǒng) — uhlobo lomdabu olusakazwa ngembewu, olwavumelana namakhulu eminyaka nesimo sezulu esinamafu eziphakeme e-Lushan. Lunikeza ukunambitheka okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi okunezigaba eziningi.
  • Izinhlobo ezilethwayo: I-Longjing 43 (龙井43, Lóngjǐng 43), i-Shangmeizhou (上梅州, Shàngméizhōu), i-Anhui No. 1 (安徽一号) — zithuthukisa ukumelana namakhaza nokuzinza kwekhwalithi.
  • Izinhlobo ezintsha: I-Lu Yun 1, 2, 3 (庐云1号、2号、3号, Lú Yún) — zaziswa ngo-2019, zingezinhlobo ezivuthwa kusenesikhathi, ezifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukukhiqiza itiye lesimo se-orchid.

• Ukuvunwa: Ukuvunwa kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Eyigugu kakhulu yi-“Míngqián chá” (明前茶, Míngqián chá) — itiye elivunwa ngaphambi kwe-Qingming (~5 April): ikakhulukazi inamaflagco aphelele (单芽, dān yá), anengxenye engaphansi kuka-90% eqoqweni. Inambitheka kamnandi okugqamile ngenxa yokuphakama kwama-amino acid. I-“Yǔqián chá” (雨前茶, Yǔqián chá) — itiye elivunwa ngaphambi kwe-Guyu (~20 April): indinganiso ethi “iflagco elilodwa — ihlamvu elilodwa,” amaflagco angaqedi amaphesenti angama-80, ukunambitheka kugcwele kakhulu futhi kujulile ngenxa yokuphakama kwe-polyphenols. Itiye lasehlobo nasekwindla likhiqizwa ngamanani alinganiselwe futhi alifinyeleli kwikhwalithi.

• Indinganiso yokuvuna: Kwizinga eliphezulu — amaflagco aphelele noma iflagco elilodwa elinehlamvu elisanda kuvuleka kancane. Kwelesithathu — iflagco elilodwa elinehlamvu elilodwa. Kwelesibili — iflagco elilodwa elinamahlamvu amabili asesigabeni sokuqala sokuvuleka.

• Izidingo zomthombo: Amahlumela amnene, aphelele anosayizi ofanayo, ngaphandle kwamahlamvu amakhulu nokulimala komshini. Ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngosuku olufanayo.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokukhulisa:

• Isimo sezulu: I-Lushan itholakala endaweni enesimo sezulu esinamehlo kakhulu. Isici esiyinhloko — ukuguqubala okweqile: isilinganiso sonyaka sezinsuku ezinenkungu singaba ngama-200 (inani eliphakeme kakhulu — izinsuku ezingama-223 ngonyaka). Umswakama ohamba phambili — amaphesenti angama-78 (kusukela ngo-April kuya kuSeptemba ungaphezu kwama-81%). Inkungu enkulu idala izimo ezinhle zokukhanya okuhlakazekile (散射光), okwenza ngaphezu kwama-75% wokukhanya okuphelele. Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku kufinyelela ku-15°C — emini izinga lokushisa eliphezulu likhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwezinto eziphilayo, ukwehlisa ubusuku kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, okuholela ekuphakameni kwama-amino acid ne-caffeine emahlamvini.

• Ukuphakama kokukhula: Izingadi zetiye eziyinhloko zitholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha angama-800–1,200 ngaphezu kolwandle, endaweni enemafu njalo.

• Ukuma komhlaba ne-hydrology: Intaba i-Lushan isogwini olusenyakatho lomfula i-Yangtze (长江), umthambeka wayo oseningizimu ubheke echibini elikhulu lamanzi ahlanzekile e-China — i-Poyang (鄱阳湖, Póyáng Hú). Ubuso bamanzi bechibi nomfula buhwalaza umswakama omkhulu, okhuphuka ngezihosha ezijulile zentaba, udale iveli lamafu. Leli “mphampu” le-geomorphology liyona nto eyenza i-microclimate yase-Lushan ibe yingqayizivele.

• Umhlabathi: Umhlabathi ovundile onomunyu, oqukethe izinto eziphilayo eziningi namaminerali. Ukukhula okuhamba kancane kwezihlahla zetiye ezimeni ezinamafu njalo nokubanda kuqinisekisa amahlumela anenyama futhi amakhekhe (芽叶肥壮).

• Umnyombo wokukhiqiza: Indawo ephakathi kwe-Wulaofeng (五老峰) ne-Hanyanfeng (汉阳峰), lapho inkungu ihleli khona cishe usuku lonke — itiye elisuka lapho lithathwa njengelikhwalithi ephakeme kakhulu.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Lúshān Yún Wù ikhiqizwa kokubili ngesandla ngokwesintu nangemishini. Ubuchwepheshe bezandla buhlonishwa kakhulu futhi bunikeza itiye elisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ubuchwepheshe bezandla (手工工艺, shǒugōng gōngyì):

• “Ukubulala uhlaza” / Ukufixwa (杀青 — shāqīng): Amahlamvu aphekwa epanini lwenisimbi yezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Isici esiyingqayizivele sobuchwepheshe be-Lúshān Yún Wù — ukuphekwa okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa (低温炒制, dīwēn chǎozhì), okuvumela ukugcinwa okukhulu kombala wamahlamvu oyigolide eluhlaza.

• Ukunyakazisa nokusakaza (抖散 — dǒu sàn): Ngemva kokufixwa, amahlamvu anyakaziswa ngenkuthalo, ahlukanise amahlumela anamathelene futhi akhulule isitimu esiningi.

• Ukusonta (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Amahlamvu asolwa kahle, kwakheke ukwakheka kokuqala futhi kukhulule umuthi weseli.

• Ukomisa kokuqala (初干 — chūgān): Ukomisa kwangaphambili ukwehlisa umswakama.

• Ukwakha izintambo (搓条 — cuō tiáo): Ingcweti iphinda amahlamvu ngesandla ibe izintambo eziqinile, iwanike isimo esiyingqayizivele esifana nezinalithi zikaphayini noma ama-petal e-orchid agobile.

• Ukuveza uboya (做毫 — zuò háo): Indlela ekhethekile lapho isiliva-bumhlophe-siboya (白毫) sihlukaniswa phezu komhlaba wehlamvu futhi simboze amahlumela asontekile, kunikeze itiye ukubukeka “okuyisichotho”.

• Ukomisa kokugcina (再干 — zài gān): Ukuqedela ukufinyelela esimweni esizinzile lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi.

Ubuchwepheshe bemishini (机械工艺, jīxiè gōngyì):

• Ukusabalalisa (摊青) → Ukufixwa (杀青) → Ukuphola nokubuyisela umswakama (摊凉回潮) → Ukusonta (揉捻) → Ukuqondisa (理条) → Ukucindezela nokwakha (紧条做形) → Ukomisa (烘干).

6. Izici Zenzwa:

• Ukubukeka kwehlamvu elomile: Isimo esisontekile, esifana nezinalithi zikaphayini noma ama-petal e-orchid agobile (卷曲形，形似松针或兰花). Amahlumela aqinile, amahle futhi acwengile (紧结秀丽). Umbala — umbala oyigolide eluhlaza oqukethe uboya obuningi obumhlophe (翠绿披毫).

• Iphunga lehlamvu elomile: Liyinkimbinkimbi, linezigaba eziningi. Kunephunga le-orchid elibambile (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng) — elimsulwa, elipholile, “lentaba”. Lapho kufudunyezwa, kuvela iphunga le-castanea (栗香, lì xiāng). Lapho inkomishi iphola (冷杯), kuvela ubumnandi bezinyosi (蜜香, mì xiāng).

• Iphunga lesiphalaphala: I-Orchid, ihlala isikhathi eside futhi ijulile. Iphunga le-castanea liyaqina esiphalphaleni esisashisayo. Lapho siphole — kuba khona umkhondo wezinyosi ohamba isikhathi eside.

• Ukunambitheka: Kuhlanzekile (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng) — kunephunga eliqhakazile le-“umami” ngenxa yokuphakama kwama-amino acid. Kugcwele futhi kugcine kuhlanzekile (醇厚, chúnhòu). Kunoshokola — obuye isikhathi eside (回甘持久, huígān chíjiǔ). Kumelana nokuphuzwa kaningi (耐泡, nàipào) — kumelana nezikhathi ezingama-4 noma ngaphezulu zokukhipha. Indlela yakudala yokuhlola ukunambitheka: “Ukuphuza kokuqala — kukhona ukubaba okuncane; okwesibili — iphunga eliqhakazayo; okwesithathu — ubumnandi obuyayo; kusukela okwesine kuya phambili — ukunambitheka kuyancipha” (初品微涩，二品留香，三品回甘，四泡后味淡).

• Umbala wesiphalaphala: Uluhlaza obhalule, umsulwa futhi ukhanya (嫩绿明亮), ukhanyile njengetshe.

• Isitsha setiye (ihlamvu eliseliphuzweni): Amahlumela amnene, afanayo anemibala ephuzi-eluhlaza (黄绿鲜活), ahlanganiswe abe “amaflagco” (嫩匀成朵). Ihlamvu linwebekayo, liyaphila, ligcina isimo salo sokuqala.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Imvelaphi yendawo ephakeme, inkungu ehlala ikhona, nokwehluka okukhulu kwezinguquko zezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku kudala iphrofayili yamakhemikhali ekhethekile ye-Lúshān Yún Wù:

• I-Polyphenols (catechins): Kukhona okuphakathi. I-EGCG — iyona nto eyinhloko, enikeza amandla e-antioxidant kanye nokubaba okuncane kwesakhiwo.

• Ama-Amino acid (okuhlanganisa i-L-theanine): Kukhona kakhulu — lesi esinye sezinkomba ezibalulekile zamatiye “asemafini” asezindaweni eziphakeme. Izinga eliphezulu lama-amino acid liyimbangela yokunambitheka okuhlanzekile nokunoshokola. Ukukhula okuhamba kancane kwamahlumela ezimeni ezinemafu nokukhanya okuhlakazekile kunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwama-amino acid abe yi-catechins, okugcina iphrofayili enohle, engenababa.

• Ama-Alkaloid: Izinga eliphakeme le-caffeine — okuyisici samatiye asezindaweni eziphakeme anesikhathi eside sokukhula. Kunikeza umphumela wokuvusa ozwakalayo kodwa ohle. Kukhona futhi i-theobromine ne-theophylline.

• Amavithamini: Izinga eliphakeme likavithamini C (isici samatiye aluhlaza avunwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo). Amavithamini eqembu B, carotenoids.

• Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-iron, i-manganese — ukwakheka kunqunywa umhlabathi ovundile onomunyu we-Lushan.

• Imixube enephunga: Isakhiwo esiguqukayo esinephunga sihlanganisa i-linalool nezinye i-terpenoids, ezakha isiqu esiyingqayizivele se-orchid ne-castanea.

8. Izinto Ezizuzisa Impilo:

• Umphumela wokuvusa nokucaca komqondo: I-caffeine ihlanganiswa ne-L-theanine, kunikeze ukuvuka okuhle, okuhlala isikhathi eside nokugxilisa ingqondo (提神醒脑).

• Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya: Ama-polyphenols etiye akhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha futhi asuse umuzwa wokusindwa ngemva kokudla okunamafutha (消食解腻).

• Umphumela wokupholisa nokukhipha umchamo: Kusiza ukukhipha uketshezi oluningi, kunciphise ukushisa kwangaphakathi ngobumnene (清热利尿).

• Umphumela we-antioxidant: Izinga eliphezulu lama-polyphenols ne-vitamin C linikeza ukuvikelwa okunamandla ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative (抗衰老).

• Ukusekela uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenols asiza ukunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol futhi alawule umfutho wegazi (降脂降压).

• Umphumela wokuphilisayo: Isiphalaphala esimsulwa siqabula umphefumulo futhi sidale umuzwa wobulula bangaphakathi.

• Kubalulekile: izakhiwo ezibaluliwe zisekelwe emininingweni yomphakathi ejwayelekile ngokwakheka kwe-green tea futhi akuzona izincomo zezokwelapha.

9. Ukuphuza:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C (amanzi abilayo, apholisiwe cishe imizuzu engu-2). Uma isilinganiso siphezulu, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe liphansi — kwizinga eliphakeme elihle kakhulu yi-80°C.

• Inani letiye: Amagremu ama-3 ngemililitha engu-150 wamanzi.

• Izitsha: Ingilazi yesiliva (玻璃杯) — ivumela ukubuka ukuvuleka kwamahlumela asontekile nokuhlola umbala wesiphalaphala. Kuhle futhi ukusebenzisa i-gaiwan yobumba olumhlophe (白瓷盖碗) — ukuze kulawulwe kangcono iphunga.

• Inqubo (indlela yokuthela okuphakathi nendawo / 中投法, zhōng tóu fǎ):

  1. Shisisa isitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, uwachithe.
  2. Thela amagremu ama-3 etiye engilazini noma ku-gaiwan.
  3. Thela amanzi afinyelele engxenyeni eyi-1/3 yomthamo — “manzise” itiye, linda imizuzwana engu-30, uwachithe (ukuwasha).
  4. Thela amanzi afinyelele engxenyeni engu-7/10 yomthamo.
  5. Isiphalaphala sokuqala — imizuzu engu-1–2.
  6. Ukuphuza okulandelayo — yandisa isikhathi. Itiye likwazi ukumelana nezikhathi ezi-3–4 ezigcwele zokuphuza.

• Qaphela: ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu kutholakala lapho isiphalaphala sifudumele cishe ku-60°C, lapho ubumnandi nobusha buzwiwa ngokugcwele. Akunconywa ukuphuza ungadlanga (ama-tannins angacasula ulwelwesi lwamathumbu). Uma isisu sakho sibuthakathaka — phuza ngemva kwehora udlile.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Gcina esitsheni esivaleka ngci — umphongolo wobumba, wengilazi, noma wensimbi — endaweni engenawo ukukhanya, eyomile futhi epholile, kude namaphunga angaphandle.
• Izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu — 0–5°C (ifrijini), esikhwameni esivaleka ngci, ungavumeli ukuthintana nokudla.
• Isikhathi sokugcina uma izimo zilandelwa — kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-12.
• Ngemva kokuvula — kuyanconywa ukuthi uphele ngenyanga eyodwa ukuze uthole iphunga elihle kakhulu.

11. Intengo Namanga:

I-Lúshān Yún Wù — itiye elidumile futhi elinomthamo wokukhiqiza olinganiselwe osuka endaweni engumnyombo, okwenza libe yinto evame ukufakwa amanga. Intengo incike esilinganisweni, isikhathi sokuvuna, ukulungiswa ngesandla noma ngomshini, kanye nendawo yemvelaphi ukusuka endaweni engumnyombo (phakathi kwe-Wulaofeng ne-Hanyanfeng) noma emaphethelweni.

Ngokwendinganiso, itiye lehlukaniswe ngamazinga amane: eliphezulu kakhulu (特级), elesibili (一级), elesithathu (二级) nelesine (三级).

• Ukugwema amanga:

  • Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile abanobufakazi bokuthi lidabuka entabeni i-Lushan.
  • Hlola ukubukeka: i-Lúshān Yún Wù yangempela — amahlumela aqinile asontekile anoboya obuningi besiliva. Umbala ogqamile ohlaza “njengoplastiki” ongenaboya — isibonakaliso setiye elivela ezindaweni eziphansi.
  • Hlola iphunga: iphunga lesici le-orchid ne-castanea. Ukungabi bikho komlingiswa “wentaba” — isizathu sokusola.
  • Hlola ukumelana nokuphuza: i-Lúshān Yún Wù yangempela ikwazi ukuphuza amahlandla ama-3–4 aphelele; amanga “ayaphela” ngemva kokuphuza okulodwa.
  • Naka intengo: intengo ephansi ngokwemangalisa — isibonakaliso esiqinisekile samanga.

12. Amaqiniso Ahehayo:

• Intaba i-Lushan — iyigugu lezwe lomhlaba le-UNESCO (kusukela ngo-1996) “njengendawo yamasiko enenani elivelele lomhlaba wonke.” Itiye i-Yún Wù — liyingxenye yaleli gugu.

• UMarshal uZhu De (朱德), omunye wabasunguli be-PRC, wayengumthandi omkhulu wetiye lase-Lushan futhi walinikela ngenkondlo: “Inkungu enamafu yase-Lushan — itiye eliphakathi kwamatiye.” Le nkondlo yaba omunye wezimpawu zokuvuselelwa kwetiye e-China entsha.

• Isisho esithi “六绝” (amaphelela ayisithupha) — indlela eyingqayizivele yokuchaza esetshenziswa kuphela kwi-Lúshān Yún Wù phakathi “kwamatiye ayishumi adumile.” Ematiyeni amaningi amanye, kuvame ukukhulunywa ngamaphelela amane.

• Isigodlo samaBuddha i-Donglin ezansi ne-Lushan, esasungulwa ngu-Huiyuan ngekhulu lesi-4, sithathwa njengendawo yokuzalwa kwesikole se-Pure Land (净土宗, Jìngtǔ Zōng) kanye nenye yezindawo zokuqala lapho isiko letiye lahlanganiswa khona nomkhuba we-Chan Buddhism.

• Izinhlobo ezintsha “Lu Yun” (庐云), ezabhaliswa ngo-2019, ziwumphumela weminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi wokukhetha, okuhloswe ngayo ukwakha ama-cultivar avuthwa kusenesikhathi, avumelana nesimo sezulu esiqine sendawo ephakeme yase-Lushan.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza Adumile ase-China:

• I-Huangshan Maofeng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máo Fēng): Isuka esifundazweni sase-Anhui. Zombili — “amatiye asemafini entaba,” kodwa i-Huangshan Maofeng ilula futhi imnene, kunamaphunga amaningi eimbali. I-Lúshān Yún Wù — igcwele kakhulu futhi ijulile, kunephunga le-castanea eliqhakazile nokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside.

• I-Xihu Longjing (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): Ihlamvu eliyisicaba elinephunga le-castanea nobhontshisi. I-Long Jing — “inesakhiwo” futhi iphelele ngaso “umami”; i-Lúshān Yún Wù — “iyadlavuka,” yi-orchid, kunobusha bentaba.

• I-Biluochun (碧螺春, Bìluóchūn): Isuka esifundazweni sase-Jiangsu. Izintambo eziqinile ezinamaphunga eimbali nezithelo ngenxa yokukhuliswa ndawonye nezihlahla zezithelo. I-Biluochun — imnene kakhulu futhi inezithelo; i-Lúshān Yún Wù — inamandla futhi “iyintaba,” kuqhamuke “iminerali” evelele.

• I-Duyun Maojian (都匀毛尖, Dōuyún Máo Jiān): Isuka esifundazweni sase-Guizhou. Amahlumela amancane anoboya obuningi, ukunambitheka okuhlanzekile nokunoshokola. I-Duyun — ilula futhi imnene; i-Lúshān Yún Wù — igcwele kakhulu futhi ihlala isikhathi eside.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Lúshān Yún Wù — itiye elizelwe emafini. Iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili yomlando, izindela zamaBuddha nemizamo yokuhlala yamaDao, izinkondlo zamakhosi amakhulu esikhathi seTang neSong — konke lokhu kumuncwe kulo lonke ihlumela elisontekile, elimbozwe isichotho sendawo entabeni esiyisiliva. Iphunga le-orchid, eliguqukela ekushiseni kwe-castanea, ukunambitheka okugcwele okunoshokola nokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside, kanye nesiphalaphala esiluhlaza okhanyayo — konke lokhu kwenza i-Lúshān Yún Wù ibe itiye elifanele labo abafuna ukujula, umlingiswa, nomuzwa wobumsulwa basentabeni ephakeme enkomishini ngayinye.