Itiye Elimnyama Lelitshi · new.thetea.app

I-Lìzhī Hóngchá yitiye elimnyama elinamakha e-litchi, enye yamatye ezithelo amadala kakhulu aseNingizimu China. Yadalwa ngeminyaka yama-1950s isuselwe etiyeni elimnyama le-kungfu lase-Guangdong (英德工夫红条茶, Yīngdé gōngfū hóngtiáo chá) kusetshenziswa izithelo zangempela ze-litchi. Leli tiye lime ndaweni ehlangana amasiko amabili amakhulu ase-Guangdong — ubuciko bokulima itiye e-Yīngdé kanye namasiko aseyinkulungwane eminyaka wokutshala i-litchi, lifanekisela ubunikazi bendawo yokudla.

1. Ukwahlukaniswa Nomsuka:

Uhlobo: Itiye elimnyama elinephunga (加工红茶, jiāgōng hóngchá; ngaphansi kwesigaba — 香料茶, xiāngliào chá, «itiye lezinongo / elinephunga»). Isisekelo — itiye elimnyama elivutshiwe ngokuphelele (红茶, hóngchá). Izinga lokuvutshelwa kwesisekelo setiye — ~95–100%.
Isigaba: Amatiye anephunga lezithelo (水果调味茶, shuǐguǒ tiáowèi chá). Kuyingxenye yeqembu lamatiye anezindlela zokwenza (再加工茶类, zài jiāgōng chá lèi), lapho itiye elimnyama eseliphelelisiwe liphinde lisebenzelwe okwesibili — ukufakwa kwephunga.
Umsuka: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Guangdong (广东省, Guǎngdōng Shěng) — indawo eyinhloko nomlando wokukhiqiza. Kukhiqizwa futhi esifundazweni sase-Fujian (福建省, Fújiàn Shěng). Izindawo ezibalulekile: idolobha lase-Yīngdé (英德) e-Guangdong — okwenza isisekelo setiye, izindawo eziphansi ezingaphansi kwezulu eNingizimu ye-Guangdong (i-Guangzhou, i-Conghua, i-Zhaoqing, i-Maoming) — okwenzela izithelo ze-litchi.
Izixhumanisi Zendawo: Zincike endaweni okukhiqizwa kuyo isisekelo setiye kanye nesifunda sokukha i-litchi. E-Yīngdé: ~24°10′ N, 113°25′ E; ezindaweni zokulima i-litchi (i-Guangzhou / i-Conghua): ~23°30′ N, 113°35′ E.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: I-Lìzhī Hóngchá yasungulwa ngeminyaka yama-1950s njengengxenye yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wezokukhiqiza itiye e-Yīngdé. Umbhalo osemthethweni uxubhanisa ukuvela kwayo nomsebenzi wonjiniyela bezobuchwepheshe base-Yīngdé tea factory (英德茶厂), abasungula indlela yesayensi yokufaka iphunga etiyeni elimnyama ngosokisi lwezithelo ezintsha ze-litchi. Isisekelo sokukhiqiza kwaba i-Yīngdé Gōngfū Hóngchá (英德工夫红条茶) — itiye elimnyama elixutshwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu.

Nokho, isiko lokufaka amakha etiyeni ngezithelo eNingizimu China lidala kakhulu. Emuva ngenkathi ye-Tang (唐, 618–907), i-litchi yayithathwa njengenzithelo enhle kakhulu yombuso — ngokwalenganekwane edumile, indlovukazi u-Yáng Guìfēi (杨贵妃) wayethanda i-litchi entsha kangangokuba izithunywa zamahhashi ezikhethekile zaziyisa izithelo zisuka e-Lingnan (岭南) ziye enhlokodolobha i-Cháng’ān, zihamba amabanga amade. Ukuhlanganiswa kwetiye ne-litchi esiphuzweni esisodwa, mhlawumbe, kwakukhona emikhubeni yabantu base-Guangdong isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuvela komkhiqizo ngokusemthethweni, kodwa ukukhiqizwa okuhlelekile kwezimboni kwaqala ngeminyaka yama-1950s. Ngokwemibiko yomlando, eminyakeni yama-1920s emaphephandabeni nasezikhathalogini zokuhweba zezitolo zetiye zase-Lingnan kwakukhulunywa nge «tiye elinamakha e-litchi», okufakazela ukuthi leli siko lalikhona okungenani kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.

Ngawo-1960–1970s, i-Lìzhī Hóngchá yaba ngomunye wemikhiqizo eyathunyelwa ngaphandle yase-Guangdong, yathandwa kakhulu eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, eYurophu naseMelika. Kubathengi bakwamanye amazwe, yaba ikhadi elihlonishwayo le-Yingde black tea — elaziwayo, elinephunga, futhi elifanele ukwenziwa ngamanzi abandayo kanye nama-cocktail.
Igama:
- «Lìzhī» (荔枝, lìzhī) — i-litchi, isithelo esisendaweni esishisayo sesihlahla Litchi chinensis somndeni i-Sapindaceae. Uhlamvu 荔 luvela egameni lasendulo lezithelo zehlathi laseningizimu.
- «Hóngchá» (红茶, hóngchá) — «itiye elibomvu», okungukuthi itiye elivutshiwe ngokuphelele ngokohlelo lwesi-China. Ngokwesiko laseYurophu — itiye elimnyama.
Ukubaluleka Kwamasiko: I-litchi emasikweni ase-China iwuphawu lwenhlanhla, injabulo, inala nothando. Isithelo sibambe indawo ebaluleke kakhulu emasikweni okudla aseNingizimu China; umlando waso wokulinywa uneminyaka engaphezu kuka-2000. I-Lìzhī Hóngchá ivame ukuphana njengesipho emikhosini nasemishadweni — njengesifiso sokuphila okumnandi. E-Guangdong, leli tiye lihlotshaniswa nehlobo, ukwamukela izivakashi nokuphuza itiye ngokunganqamuki eningizimu. Ngaphandle kwe-China, selibe ngelinye lamatiye anephunga aziwa kakhulu, aqhathaniseka ngokuaziwa ne-Earl Grey (elinephunga le-bergamot).

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nempahla Esetshenziswayo:

Isisekelo setiye: Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Lìzhī Hóngchá kusetshenziswa itiye elimnyama le-kungfu elisezingeni eliphezulu. Isisekelo esivamile nesibaluleke kakhulu yi-Yīngdé Hóngchá (英德红茶), ekhiqizwa ngezinhlobo zamahlamvu amakhulu (Camellia sinensis var. assamica), okuhlanganisa i-Yīng Hóng No.1, i-Yīng Hóng No.9 kanye nezitshalo ezilethwe zisuka e-Yunnan. Kancane kusetshenziswa i-Qímén Hóngchá (祁门红茶) evela esifundazweni i-Anhui (amahlamvu amancane C. sinensis var. sinensis) kanye ne-Diān Hóng (滇红) yase-Yunnan. Ukukhethwa kwetiye okuyisisekelo kunomthelela oqondile ekujuleni nasekwakhekeni kwencasa yokugcina.
Isitshalo esizokwengeza iphunga: I-litchi yaseChina (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) — isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza somndeni wezitshalo i-Sapindaceae, esifinyelela ukuphakama kuka-10–20 m. Isithelo siyimbewu eyindilinga engaba ngu-3–4 cm ububanzi, imbozwe ngekhasi elibomvu elinamaqhuqhuva. Inyama engaphakathi icwebezelayo, imhlophe, inamanzi amaningi, inephunga elimnandi elinamakha ezimbali. Ukuze kufakwe iphunga, kusetshenziswa izithelo ezintsha (usokisi nenyama), kanye nenyama eyomisiwe noma izithelo eziphelele ezomisiwe. Ekukhiqizeni okuqhakambile, kusetshenziswa izinto zangempela kuphela — ngaphandle kwemithi yokwenzelela.
Izidingo zempahla: Isisekelo setiye kufanele sibe sezingeni eliphezulu — sivutshiwe ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kwamaphutha. Izithelo ze-litchi — zibe zintsha, zivuthiwe, zinamakha, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokonakala. Okuhle kakhulu ukuthi isivuno se-litchi esisha (isikhathi — uJuni–Julayi) sihambisane nesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwetiye, okungenzeka e-Guangdong, lapho yomibili le mikhiqizo ikhula endaweni eyodwa.

4. Indawo Nezimila Nokukhethekile Kokulinywa:

Amasimu etiye: Okwe-Yīngdé Hóngchá okuyisisekelo — indawo enamagquma enyakatho ye-Guangdong, ukuphakama okungu-100–500 m, inhlabathi ebomvu, isimo sezulu esishisayo esinama-monsoon (20–22°C, imvula engu-1800–2000 mm). Okwetiye eliyisisekelo elivela e-Anhui (Qímén) — izithambeka zezintaba ekuphakameni okungu-600–1000 m.
Izindawo zokulima i-litchi: Iningizimu ye-Guangdong kanye nenyakatho yesifundazwe sase-Fujian — izindawo eziphansi ezingaphansi kwezulu namagquma anesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama (izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo 21–25°C, imvula 1500–2200 mm). Izindawo ezinkulu: i-Guangzhou (isifunda i-Conghua — indawo yokuzalwa yohlobo oludumile lwe-«Conghua Gualü»), i-Maoming, i-Zhanjiang, i-Huizhou kanye nedolobha i-Putian e-Fujian.
Okukhethekile: Impumelelo yokukhiqiza i-Lìzhī Hóngchá esezingeni eliphezulu inqunywa ukusondelana kwezindawo zokukhiqiza itiye nezindawo zokutshala i-litchi: izithelo ezintsha zilahlekelwa iphunga ngokushesha futhi ziyaxhuma nomoya-mpilo, ngalokho-ke ukufakwa kwephunga kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu ngemva kokukhiwa kwezithelo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqiza kuhlanganisa izigaba ezimbili: ukwenziwa kwetiye okuyisisekelo kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile betiye elimnyama kanye nokufakwa kwephunga okulandelayo.

Isigaba I — Ukwenziwa kwetiye okuyisisekelo:

Ukukha (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukukha amahlumela ngendlela ejwayelekile ethi «iqabunga elilodwa namahlamvu amabili kuya kwamathathu».
Ukuncipha (萎凋, wěidiāo): Ukwehliswa komswakama weqabunga kufinyelele ku-60–65% phakathi namahora ayi-12–18.
Ukusonteka (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukuphulwa kwezindonga zamangqamuzana ukuze kuqale ukuxhunywa komoya-mpilo. Etiyeni eligayiwe kungase kusetshenziswe indlela ye-CTC.
Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, fājiào): Ukuxhunywa okuphelele ezingeni lokushisa elingu-25–30°C, umswakama 80–90%, amahora ama-4–6. Ukwakheka kwama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin.
Ukomiswa (烘干, hōnggān): Ukumiswa kokuqalwa kokuvutshelwa ezingeni lokushisa elingu-100–120°C, ukwehlisa umswakama kufike ku-4–6%.

Isigaba II — Ukufakwa Kwephunga (窨制, xūnzhì / 熏制, xūnzhì):

Lesi isigaba esibalulekile, esihlukanisa i-Lìzhī Hóngchá netiye elimnyama elijwayelekile.

Indlela yendabuko: Itiye elimnyama elomileyo lihlanganiswa nezithelo ezintsha ze-litchi ngesikhathi sokomiswa kwazo. I-litchi ibekwa eduze kwetiye noma ngqo phezu kwengxenye yetiye bese iyalondwa ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi (20–25°C) kanye nomswakama omaphakathi (60–70%) amahora ayi-12–24. Iqabunga letiye, elinamandla amakhulu okumunca, limunca ngenkuthalo izinhlanganisela ezinamakha ezincibilika emoyeni ezivela ezithelweni. Inqubo ingaphindwa izikhathi ezi-2–3 ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuqina okufunekayo kwephunga.
Indlela yokusebenzisa usokisi: Etiyeni elimnyama eseliphelelisiwe kufakwa usokisi we-litchi omusha, bese kulandela ukomiswa kabusha ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, ukuze itiye limunce iphunga nencasa.
Ukomiswa ndawonye: Izithelo ezintsha kanye netiye komiswa kanyekanye — ngokuhamba kwesikhathi i-litchi yoma, izinto zayo ezinamakha zidlulela eqabungeni letiye.
Ukuhlunga (分级, fēnjí): Ukuhlunga kokugcina komkhiqizo osuphelele, ukususwa kwemvuthuluka nezinto ezingadingeki.

6. Izimpawu Zokuqaphela Ngomqondo:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Izintwana zetiye ezimnyama, ezinsundu-ezimnyama, ezisontekile ngokuqinile zibe yimichilo noma amagranyuli (okwefomethi egayiwe). Ingaphezulu — linamafutha-acwebezelayo (乌黑油润, wūhēi yóurùn). Kwezinye iziqephu kubonakala izingcezu ezincane ze-litchi eyomisiwe noma amakhasi ayo.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Eliqhakazile, elimnandi, elinothulekile le-litchi evuthiwe — enuka izimbali nezithelo, ijuluke kancane. Ngemuva — kunephunga elifudumele le-malt elinamakha etiye elimnyama, kanye namanothi oju. Iphunga lihlangene ngokuphelele, alinamphimbo — uphawu lokufakwa kwephunga okungokwemvelo.
Iphunga lomkhiqizo onamanzi: Eliqinile, eligoqayo. I-litchi inamandla — inamanzi amaningi, ejwayelekile, inamanothi ezimbali noju. Isisekelo setiye esifudumele sakha ukujula nobubanzi. Iphunga lihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa lifushane kunamatiye amnyama angafakwanga phunga.
Ukunambitha: Okuthambile, okunoshukela omncane, okuhlobene ngokuphelele. Ukunambitheka kwe-litchi — kunamanzi amaningi, okwezithelo nezimbali, kunamanothi ezithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo, amacembe ama-rose, uju — kuhlangana ngokwemvelo nokuphinjwa nobuningi betiye elimnyama. Umunyu omncane wesithelo unikeza ukuphila okuqabulayo. Ukunambitheka emuva kuhlala isikhathi eside, kumnandi, kunomoya omusha obuyayo.
Umbala womkhiqizo onamanzi: Kusukela ekusagolide-osawolintshi okukhanyayo kuya ekubomvu okujulile kwe-ruby, okucwebile, okucwebezelayo.
Inhlabathi yetiye (iqabunga elithelwe): Amahlamvu amnyama-nsundu, athambile, avuleke ngokulinganayo anephunga e-litchi elisele. Umbala — ubomvu-nsundu.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

I-Lìzhī Hóngchá ihlanganisa izingxenyana ezisebenzayo zetiye elimnyama kanye nezithelo ze-litchi, yakha iphrofayili eyingqayizivele.

Ama-Polyphenol: Etiyeni — ama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin (ama-antioxidant abalulekile, anomthwalo wokunambitheka nokuphinjwa), ku-litchi — ama-flavonoid (i-quercetin, i-kaempferol, i-rutin), anomsebenzi owengeziwe wokulwa ne-oxidation nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
Ama-Amino acid: I-L-theanine namanye ama-amino acid amahhala asuka esisekelweni setiye. Okuqukethwe kuyahlukahluka kuye ngetiye eliyisisekelo.
Ama-Alkaloid: I-caffeine (~3–4%), i-theobromine ne-theophylline ngamanani amancane.
Amavithamin: Kugqame kakhulu ukuqukethwa kukavithamini C ovela ezithelweni ze-litchi (omunye wemithombo yezithelo ecebe kakhulu — kuze kufike ku-70 mg/100 g yenyama entsha). Kanye namavithamin e-group B (B₁, B₂, B₆), uvithamini E, uvithamini K.
Amaminerali: I-potassium (okuqukethwe okuningi kokubili etiyeni nase-litchi), i-manganese, i-copper, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-iron.
Ama-asidi e-organic noshukela: Ushukela wemvelo (i-fructose, i-glucose, i-sucrose) nama-asidi e-organic (i-malic acid, i-citric acid) avela ku-litchi anikeza itiye ubumnandi bezithelo bemvelo kanye nomlingiswa oqabulayo.
Izinhlanganisela ezinamakha: I-Linalool, i-geraniol, i-citronellol (ezivela etiyeni) zihlanganiswa nama-ester anamakha akhethekile avela ku-litchi — i-geranyl acetate, i-cis-rose oxide nokunye, kwakhe iphunga eliyisici lezimbali nezithelo.

8. Izinzuzo Ezingaba Khona:

Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba: Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kukavithamini C ovela ku-litchi okuhlangene nama-polyphenol etiye kwakha inhlanganisela enamandla yokuvuselela amasosha omzimba.
Ukuvikela ama-antioxidant: Amandla aphindwe kabili ama-antioxidant — ama-theaflavin/ama-thearubigin etiye nama-flavonoid e-litchi — ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphelele kwamangqamuzana ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative.
Umphumela wokuvuselela nokwenza ingqondo: I-caffeine ihambisana ne-L-theanine inikeza ukuqina okuncane, okulinganiselayo — ukwandisa ukugxila ngaphandle kovuka olungaduleli.
Ukusekela ukugaya: Itiye elimnyama likhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme okugaya, kanti ama-asidi e-organic e-litchi asiza ukuthuthukisa ukudla.
Ukuthuthukisa imizwa: Iphunga elimnandi elimnandi kanye nokunambitheka kusiza ekwehliseni ukucindezeleka nokuthuthukisa imizwa. Umphumela we-aromatherapy wephunga lezimbali nezithelo ubhaliwe kahle.
Umphumela oqabulayo: Lapho ipholile, i-Lìzhī Hóngchá iyisiphuzo sasehlobo esihle, esiqeda ukoma futhi sibuyisele ibhalansi yamanzi nosawoti ngenxa yokuqukethwe yi-potassium nama-electrolyte emvelo.
Amandla okulondoloza inhliziyo: Ama-polyphenol etiye nama-flavonoid e-litchi asiza ndawonye ukugcina ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nokwenza iphrofayili ye-lipid ibe ngejwayelekile.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95°C.
Inani letiye: 3–5 g ku-150–200 ml wamanzi.
Isitsha: Ikhishini le-porcelain noma ingilazi (ingilazi ivumela ukubukisa ngombala womkhiqizo onamanzi), i-gaiwan ye-porcelain (盖碗). Okwamanzi abandayo — i-decanter yengilazi.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza isitsha ngamanzi abilayo.
2. Thela itiye.
3. Ukuwasha: amatiye anephunga ngokuvamile akawashwa ukuze kugcinwe iphunga. Kodwa ukuthelwa okusheshayo kwemizuzwana emi-2 kuyemukeleka uma itiye likwifomethi egayiwe.
4. Ukuthelwa kokuqala: thela amanzi, ulinde imizuzwana engu-20–30.
5. Khanyela umkhiqizo onamanzi.
6. Ukuphinda ukuthela: itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa okufushane okungu-4–5 (kwandise isikhathi ngemizuzwana eyi-10–15), kodwa iphunga le-litchi lihamba ngokushesha kunencasa yetiye eliyisisekelo — ukuthelwa kokugcina kunikeza itiye elimnyama elihlanzekile.
Indlela yaseYurophu: 3–4 g ku-250–300 ml, ukuhlala imizuzu engu-3–5. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokwenziwa izikhathi ezi-2–3.

Ukwenza ngamanzi abandayo (冷泡, lěng pào): 5–7 g ku-500 ml wamanzi abandayo, ukuhlala amahora ayi-6–8 esiqandisini. Lapho selibandile, ubumnandi obunjengo-ju be-litchi buvela ngokugqamile nangokuhlanzekile.

10. Ukulondwa:

Isitsha: Ukupakishwa okuvalekile, okungabonisi ukukhanya — ikani le-tin, isikhwama se-foil esine-valve. Iziqukathi zengilazi azifaneleki ngenxa yokungena kokukhanya.
Izimo: Indawo eyomile, epholile (ezingaluki ngaphezu kuka-25°C), kude nemikhiqizo enamakha aqinile kanye nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Isikhathi Sokulondwa: Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-6–12 ngemva kokukhiqizwa. Iphunga le-litchi ngesikhathi lincipha ngokungenakugwemeka — le yinqubo yemvelo yawo wonke amatiye anephunga. Uma kulondwa isikhathi eside, kusala ukunambitheka kwetiye elimnyama eliyisisekelo.
Izitha zetiye: Umswakama (usheshisa ukuphelelwa iphunga), ukukhanya, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, amakha angaphandle.

11. Intengo Namambuka:

Isigaba senani: I-Lìzhī Hóngchá inebanga elibanzi lamanani. Iziqephu zezimboni ezisekelwe etiyeni elimnyama eligayiwe eline-flavour — kusukela ku-30–50 yuan nge-500 g. Umkhiqizo osekhwalithe ophezulu owenziwe ngesandla osekelwe e-Yīngdé Hóngchá noma i-Qímén ngokufakwa kwephunga kwangempela ngezithelo ezintsha — kusukela ku-150–300 yuan nge-500 g. Izinto ezibalulekile zenani: ikhwalithi yetiye eliyisisekelo, indlela yokufakelwa kwephunga (yangempela / yokwenziwa), uhlobo kanye nokupakishwa.
Indlela Yokugwema Amambuka:
- Hlola izakhi: Ekupakisweni kufanele kube nokushiwo kwezinto zangempela — «usokisi omusha we-litchi» (鲜荔枝汁), «inyama eyomisiwe ye-litchi» (荔枝干), «iphunga lemvelo» (天然香料). Umbhalo othi «i-flavour efana neyemvelo» noma ukungabikho kolwazi ngezakhi kuwumbangela wokukuxwaya.
- Hlola iphunga: Iphunga lemvelo le-litchi — lithambile, liyindilinga, elinezithelo nezimbali, lihlangene kahle nesisekelo setiye. Elingemvelo — linamphimbo, «li-perfume», linobukhulu obubodwa, licasula ikhala.
- Hlola ukunambitheka emuva: Etiyeni elinephunga lemvelo, ukunambitheka emuva kuhlanzekile, nobumnandi obubuyayo. I-flavour yokwenziwa ishiya umzila wamakhemikhali emlonyeni.
- Thenga kubadayisi abathembekile: Izitolo zetiye eziyisipesheli, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinemvelaphi e-Guangdong.
- Cabangela inkathi yonyaka: I-Lìzhī Hóngchá esezingeni eliphezulu yokufakelwa kwephunga kwemvelo ikhiqizwa ngobuncane ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwe-litchi (uJune–Julayi).

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

«Isithelo Sobukhosi»: I-litchi e-China ibizwa nge «nkosana yezithelo» (果中之王). Ukulinywa kwayo e-Guangdong nase-Fujian kubhaliwe kakade iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2000. Imbongi yase-China yenkathi ye-Song u-Sū Dōngpō (苏东坡) wabhala wathi: «日啖荔枝三百颗，不辞长作岭南人» — «Uma ngingadla ama-litchi angamakhulu amathathu ngosuku, bengingeke ngenqabe ukuhlala e-Lingnan ingunaphakade.»
«Iso Ledrako»: Isithelo se-litchi esilungisiwe, ngenyama yaso emhlophe ecwebezelayo nembewu emnyama ngaphakathi, sifana neso, ngenxa yalokho i-litchi ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa nge «so ledrako» (龙眼, lóngyǎn) — nakuba ngokusemthethweni leli gama linikezwe isithelo esihlobene selongan (Dimocarpus longan).
Ingqophamlando yokuthekelisa: I-Lìzhī Hóngchá kusukela ngawo-1960s yathandwa kakhulu eNtshonalanga — ikakhulukazi e-United Kingdom, eJalimane nase-US. Kumthengi waseNtshonalanga, yaba ngelinye lamatiye ase-China okungeniswa kuwo — aziwa ngephunga futhi alula ukuwenziwa.
Isisekelo se-mixology: Emasikweni etiye anamuhla, i-Lìzhī Hóngchá isetshenziswa kakhulu njengengxenye eyisisekelo yama-cold tea cocktails (冰茶, bīng chá), itiye elinamabhamuza (珍珠奶茶, zhēnzhū nǎichá), ama-tea shakes kanye no-ice cream.
Ama-Guangdong amabili enkomishini eyodwa: I-Lìzhī Hóngchá ingumkhiqizo okhethekile ohlanganisa izimpawu ezimbili zesifundazwe sase-Guangdong: itiye elimnyama lase-Yīngdé (elivela enyakatho) kanye ne-litchi evela eningizimu engaphansi kwezulu, ifanekisela ukuhlukahluka kwendawo namasiko kwesinye sezifundazwe ezinkulu kakhulu zase-China.

13. Izinhlobonhlobo Ze-Lìzhī Hóngchá:

Umehluko omkhulu ngaphakathi kwesigaba unqunywa ukukhethwa kwetiye eliyisisekelo kanye nendlela yokufaka iphunga:

Esisekelwe ku-Yīngdé Hóngchá (英德红茶): Okungokwendabuko nokuyiyona okwethembekile. Isisekelo samahlamvu amakhulu sinikeza umkhiqizo onamanzi ogcwele, lapho ubumnandi besithelo be-litchi buhambisana namandla e-malt etiye elimnyama lase-Guangdong. Lena inhlanganisela «yomdabu» — itiye nesithelo zivela esifundazweni esisodwa.
Esisekelwe ku-Qímén Hóngchá (祁门红茶): Okucwengeke kakhulu. Isisekelo se-Keemun siletha amanothi ewayini nezithelo kanye nobumnandi obuyisici «be-orchid», lapho iphunga le-litchi lizwakala lihle futhi licijile.
Esisekelwe ku-Diān Hóng (滇红): Isisekelo sase-Yunnan — esinamandla, esinoju, esine «zinwele ezisanhlamvu». I-litchi ingeza ukugqama okwezindawo ezishisayo ephrofayilini esivele inothe. Okungajwayelekile kangako, kodwa okuhlaba umxhwele.
Ukuhlanganisa okunezithako ezingeziwe: Abanye abakhiqizi bafaka e-Lìzhī Hóngchá amacembe ama-rose (玫瑰, méiguì), i-osmanthus (桂花, guìhuā) noma ezinye izithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo, bakhe ukuhlanganisa okuyinkimbinkimbi okunezendlalelo eziningi.
Ifomethi egayiwe (红碎茶 + litchi): Okuningi, okuvame ukusetshenziswa kumaphakethe etiye naseziphuzweni ezibandayo. Iphunga liqhakazile, kodwa lingashonile; kulula ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

14. Izingozi Ezingenzeka:

Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukungezwani nezithelo ze-litchi noma izingxenye zetiye — kuyivelakancane, kodwa kungenzeka. Uma kuvela ukusabela (ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala, ukuphazamiseka kwesisu), kufanele uyeke ukusebenzisa.
Ukuzwa i-caffeine: Abantu abanokuqwasha, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-tachycardia, ukuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka batuswa ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa noma baphuze itiye ngesikhathi sokuqala sosuku.
Ukuqukethwe koshukela: Ama-fructose emvelo avela ku-litchi akhuphula amakhalori esiphuzo. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele bakucabangele lokhu, ikakhulukazi uma itiye lifakwe ushukela owengeziwe.
Ukuphuzwa kusesiswini esingenalutho: Njenganoma yiliphi itiye elimnyama, i-Lìzhī Hóngchá ingacasula ulwelwesi lwesisu uma iphuzwa esiswini esingenalutho.

Sekuphetha:

I-Lìzhī Hóngchá iyinhlanganisela yobunkondlo yezipho ezimbili ezinkulu zaseNingizimu China: itiye elimnyama eliqinile lase-Guangdong kanye ne-litchi elinamakha amnandi kakhulu. Leli tiye alifuni ubumsulwa obuqinile bendawo eyodwa — ubuhle baso busekuhlanganeni: isisekelo esifudumele se-malt setiye elimnyama sigone ubumnandi besithelo obunamanzi be-litchi, kwakhe isiphuzo esifanele ngokulinganayo ekwenzeni kabi itiye le-kungfu, nasenkomishini eneqhwa ngosuku olushisayo ehlobo. Kothanda ukunambitheka okufuna imizwa enamakha netiye, i-Lìzhī Hóngchá iyinto enhle ehlala ijabulisa futhi enesandla esivulekile, ekhumbuza ukuthi itiye lingabi lijulile kuphela, kodwa futhi libe lihle nje.