Liùlóng Hóngchá

• Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu (红茶, hóngchá) — elivutshiwe ngokuphelele (oxidised).
• Isigaba: Amatiye abomvu esifunda saseShayina. I-«Liùlóng Chá» (六龙茶) ibhalisiwe njengomkhiqizo onesitifiketi sikazwelonke sezolimo esinendawo (国家地理标志农产品). Itiye elibomvu likhishwa ngaphansi kophawu lwe-«Liùlóng Yánchì» (六龙岩赤, Liùlóng Yánchì, «Itshe Elibomvu laseLiulong») futhi lihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo ezimbalwa: «Ihlumela Elisagolide» (金芽红茶), «Indophi Esagolide» (金螺红茶), «Xiaozhong Wendabuko» (传统小种红茶).
• Umsuka: IShayina, Isifunda Esizimele SaseGuangxi Zhuang (广西壮族自治区, Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū), Idolobha LaseHechi (河池市, Héchí Shì), Isifunda SaseNandan (南丹县, Nándān Xiàn). Indawo yomlando kanye nesizinda somkhiqizo — Idolobhana LaseLiuzhai (六寨镇, Liùzhài Zhèn), Indawo Yasemakhaya YaseLongma (龙马村, Lóngmǎ Cūn). Indawo evikelwe ibuye ihlanganise amadolobhana aseMangchang (芒场镇), Yue Li (月里镇), Chengguan (城关镇) kanye naseZhongbao-Miao (中堡苗族乡) — isewonke amayunithi amadolobhana angu-5 namakhaya okuphatha angu-70.
• Izixhumanisi zendawo: ≈ 25.0° N, 107.5° E (inkomba esenkabeni yesifunda saseNandan; ifayela lokuqala lalinezixhumanisi eziyiphutha — zilungisiwe).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Umlando: Ukutshalwa kwetiye endaweni yaseLongma kunomlando omayelana neminyaka engu-800, lehlela enkathini yeSong–Yuan (宋元, Ikhulu le-12–14), lapho abantu bendawo baqala ukutshala izihlahla zetiye ngamabomu emithambekeni yezintaba. Isifunda saseNandan sisempambanweni yeGuangxi neGuizhou, eduze kwemizila yomlando yohwebo, okwakhuthaza ukusabalala kwesiko letiye.

  Ngawo-1930 (kukhulunywa ngo-1932), ukutshalwa kwetiye kwendawo kwathola umfutho omusha: kwamiswa amasimu okuqala amakhulu. Ngawo-1960, ngaphansi kohlelo lukazwelonke lokuthuthukisa ezolimo, kwaqalwa umsebenzi wokumisa izinga lokukhiqiza. Isikhathi eside, itiye laseLiulong lalaziwa kakhulu njengeluhlaza: «Liùlóng Báiháo» (六龙白毫, enezintwanyana ezimhlophe), «Liùlóng Yúnjiān» (六龙云尖, «isihlindi sefu»), «Liùlóng Cuìpiàn» (六龙翠片, «ikhasi le-jade»), «Zhōnghuá Yù Yá» (中华玉芽, «ihlumela le-jade laseShayina»).

  Ukukhiqizwa kwetiye elibomvu ngaphansi kophawu lwe-«Liùlóng Yánchì» (六龙岩赤) kuyinto esanda kuqala, ehamba phambili kusukela ngawo-2010. Inkampani i-«Liùlóng Cháyè» (六龙茶业) ihole lolu hlelo, yasebenzisa imodeli ethi «inkampani + umfelandawonye + isizinda + amapulazi». Ngo-2011, uphawu lwe-«Liùlóng Chá» lwathola isitifiketi somkhiqizo oluhlaza (绿色食品A级). Ngo-2019 lwathola isitifiketi sekhwalithi somhlaba wonke saseHong Kong i-STC esinophawu lwe-«Zheng» (正印). Ngo-2022 i-«Liùlóng Chá» yabhaliswa njengomkhiqizo kazwelonke onesitifiketi sasezindaweni. Indlela yokwenza itiye laseLiulong ifakwe kwirekhodi yamagugu angaphatheki edolobha laseHechi. Ngo-2025 uphawu luqhubeka nokuthuthuka, lugxile kwezokuvakasha kwetiye nokuthumela ngaphandle.

  Phakathi kwemiklomelo ebalulekile: indondo yegolide eMbonini Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yetiye eChengdu (中国（成都）国际茶博览会金奖); umklomelo wokuqala womqhudelwano we-«Zhōng Chá Bēi» (中茶杯全国名优茶评比一等奖); umklomelo wokuqala womqhudelwano we-«Gúo Yǐn Bēi» (国饮杯全国茶叶评比一等奖); indondo yegolide eMbonini Yemikhiqizo Yezolimo Ekhethekile yaseGuangxi. Lokhu kugcwala kwemiklomelo esezingeni eliphezulu kophawu oluncane kakhulu kuyivelakancane, okufakazela ikhwalithi yangempela yempahla eluhlaza kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe.

• Igama: Igama elithi «Liùlóng» (六龙) linencazelo ekabili. Kolunye uhlangothi, libhekisela endaweni yomsuka — idolobhana laseLiuzhai (六寨), indawo yasemakhaya yaseLongma (龙马, «ihhashi likadrako»), lapho izinhlamvu zokuqala zakha igama elithi 六龙 («Amadrako Ayisithupha»). Kolunye uhlangothi, igama lihlokoloza embhalweni wakudala i-«Yijing» (《易经》), lapho ku-hexagram uQian (乾卦) kuthiwa: «時乘六龍以御天» — «Ngesikhathi esifanele, gibelani amadrako ayisithupha, ukuze nilawule izulu». Lesi sithombe simelela amandla, ukuvumelana kanye nokukhuphuka — okuhambisana nezifiso zophawu. 红茶 (hóngchá) — «itiye elibomvu». Uphawu lwetiye elibomvu i-«Yánchì» (岩赤) ngokomqondo lisho — «itshe elibomvu», ligcizelela isimo sezwe esinezintaba namatshe.

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Isifunda saseNandan siyindawo yokuzalwa yabantu bakwaBai-ku Yao (白裤瑶, Báikù Yáo, «amaYao amabhulukwe amhlophe»), elinye lamaqembu ezizwe ahluke kakhulu eningizimu yeShayina, osikompilo lwawo lwamukelwa njengesidalwa esiphilayo esiyisakhamuzi se-ethnography. Amasiko etiye aseNandan ahlobene ngokungenakwehlukaniswa nempilo yamaYao namaMiao (苗族) — itiye lihambisana nezinkambiso, imikhosi kanye nokwamukela izihambi nsuku zonke. Kusukela ngo-2018, kuneMkhosi Waminyaka Yonke Wosikompilo Lwetiye Nezokuvakasha waseNandan (南丹茶文化旅游节), ohlanganisa ukunambitha, amakhulasi okukha nokucubungula itiye, imincintiswano yokwenza impepho yetiye (制香), imizila yezimoto zokuhlala kanye nokwazisa ngohlelo lokuthi «ngwanekela isihlahla setiye» (认养茶树).

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe Zetiye:

• Izinhlobonhlobo / I-cultivar: Ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zasendaweni ze-Camellia sinensis (群体种, qúntǐzhǒng), ezijwayele izimo zezintaba enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuangxi emakhulwini eminyaka okuzijwayeza. Kuphinde kusetshenziswe nama-cultivar akhethiwe anamazinga aphezulu ama-amino acid ukukhiqiza amatiye aluhlaza aphambili; etiyeni elibomvu kukhethwa amaqoqo anama-polyphenol anele, aqinisekisa ukuvutshelwa okujulile.
• Ukuvuna: Intwasahlobo (Mashi–Ephreli) — inkathi eyinhloko. Ihlobo nasekupheleni kwekwindla — izivuno ezengeziwe. Ngenxa yendawo eseningizimu (≈ 25° N) kanye nesimo sezulu esipholile, ukuvuna kwentwasahlobo kuqala amasonto angu-1–2 ngaphambi kwezindawo ezisenyakatho yeGuangxi.
• Izinga lokukha: E-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» (金芽红茶) — amahlumela awodwa noma ihlumela elilodwa nekhasi elilodwa elivuleke kancane. E-«Ndophini Esagolide» (金螺红茶) — ihlumela elilodwa namakhasi amabili. E-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» (传统小种红茶) — ihlumela elilodwa namakhasi amabili kuya kwamathathu, okunezinto ezivuthiwe kakhulu, okuvumela intuthu encane.
• Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Ikhasilomtiye eliphelele, elisha elingenakho ukulimala kwemishini noma izimpawu zokugula. Izinto ezingavuthiwe zihamba ngaphansi kwesitifiketi sokungabi nabungozi (无公害) nesokuluhlaza (绿色食品A级). Isamba sendawo yamasimu anezitifiketi singama-mu angu-3820 (≈ 255 ha).

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:

• Ukuphakama okutshalwa khona: Mayelana no-700–900 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle; izivande eziyinhloko zihlanganiswe endaweni ephakeme engu-≈ 800 m.
• Isimo sendawo: Ubume bezintaba namagquma enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuangxi. Isifunda saseNandan sisempambanweni ye-Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau kanye neentaba zaseGuangxi, okudala i-mosaic eyinkimbinkimbi yezimo ezincane zomhlaba. Izivande zetiye zifihleke ezigodini zemifula nasemithambekeni ethambekile, evikelekile emimoyeni.
• Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu sase-subtropical monsoon esinokuhlukaniswa okuphawulekayo mpo. Umehluko okhona phakathi kwamaqondo okushisa emini nasebusuku (ububanzi bosuku lungu-8–12°C), inkungu evamile kanye namafu. I-average yonyaka yamazinga okushisa imayelana no-17–19°C; i-average yonyaka yemvula ingu-1300–1500 mm. Ukukhanya okuhlakazekile kanye nomswakama ophezulu kusiza ukunqwabelana kwama-amino acid kanye nokwakheka kwenhlanganisela yamakha amahle.
• Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ephuzi nebomvu yezintaba, ine-asidi encane (pH 4.5–6.0), enamazinga amahle ezinto eziphilayo. Amatshe ayisekelo — ama-sandstone nama-slate, ahlinzeka ngokukhuphuka kwamanzi okuhle kanye nokugcwala kwemaminerali. Ubutshe bawo bungenisa kunotheni wamaminerali othiwe kweli tiye, oboniswe egameni lophawu i-«Yánchì» — «Itshe Elibomvu».
• I-Agrotechnics: Izindlela ezi-eco-friendly: ukuvuna ngesandla, ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe kwamakhemikhali okuvikela, ukugxila kumanyolo emvelo. Imodeli ethi «inkampani + umfelandawonye + isizinda + amapulazi» ibandakanya abantu bendawo ochungechungeni lokutshala itiye futhi iqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okungaguquki.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Liùlóng Hóngchá ikhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa inqubo ye-gongfu hongcha yakudala; kumugqa we-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» kusetshenziswa izici zokubhema okuncane. Indlela yokwenza ifakwe kwirekhodi lamagugu angaphatheki edolobha laseHechi.

• Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ukukha ngesandla kwezinto ezithambile ngokwezinga lomkhiqizo othile.
• Ukuncipha (萎凋, wěidiāo): Ukwehlisa umswakama wamacembe ngo-30–40%. Kusetshenziswa ukubuna ngokwemvelo ezisefeni zoqalo noma okuhlanganisiwe (umoya + ukufudumeza okuncane). Izinga lokulahlekelwa iturgor liyalawulwa ukuze kuhlelwe ngokunemba ukuvutshelwa okulandelayo.
• Ukusongwa (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukwakheka kwekhasilomtiye; ku-«Ndophini Esagolide» — ukusongwa okuvamile okumise okwendophi; ku-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» — ukusongwa okuqaphelayo ngokugxilisa ekugcinweni kwezintwanyana zamahlumela.
• Ukuvutshelwa / oxidation (发酵, fājiào): I-oxidation elawulwayo emazingeni okushisa angu-25–30°C kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Ubude besikhathi bukhethwa ngokweqembu ngalinye: ku-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» bufincane, ku-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» bujulile, kulandelwa ukufudumeza okuncane ngentuthu.
• Ukomisa / ukufudumeza (烘干, hōnggān / 干燥, gānzào): Ukuqinisekisa iphrofayili. Emigqeni eminingi — umoya ohlanzekile oshisayo; ku-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» — isigaba sokugcina esinokuthintana okuncane nentuthu yezinkuni zama-conifer, okunika inothi encane yentuthu engenalo ulaka.
• Ukuhlunga (分级, fēnjí): Ukwehlukanisa ngokwengxenyana. Amalothi anesilinganiso esiphezulu sezihloko ezigolide (金毫) ahlukaniswa ngokuhlukile.

6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:

• Ukubukeka kwekhasilomtiye elomile: Ukusongwa okunjengezintambo, okucocekile (条索, tiáosuǒ); ku-«Ndophini Esagolide» — izindobhi ezinhle. Umbala umsundu omnyama kuya komnyama. Izihloko ezigolide (金毫) zibonakala kahle, ikakhulukazi emalothini e-«Ihlumela Elisagolide».
• Iphunga lekhasilomtiye elomile: Lifudumele, linesisekelo soju kanye namahata aqhamile ezithelo ezomisiwe. Ku-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» — kuncane, kunentuthu emnene (轻烟香), engenakho ukuphoqelela.
• Iphunga lokumpompomela: Linezendlalelo eziningi: igagasi lokuqala — uju nezithelo ezomisiwe (amabhilikosi omisiwe, omisiwe); eliphakathi — uqweqwe lwesinkwa olunombala we-kharamelo; elokugcina — amahata alula ezinkuni. Umugqa onentuthu wengeza ukuthinta okuncane kwe-resin yomphayini.
• Ukunambitheka: Kugcwele, kuyindilinga, nobumnandi bemvelo obuhlanzekile. Ubumuncu buphakathi futhi «bunokuzwakala», abunzima. I-aftertaste iyafudumeza, ihlala isikhathi eside, inamacikwana oju kanye ne-castnut ebhakiwe. I-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» imnene kakhulu futhi imnandi; i-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» iyi-«nesimo» kakhulu, inokujula kwemaminerali kanye ne-aftertaste enentuthu.
• Umbala wokumpompomela: Umbala obomvu-amber (红琥珀色), ogqamile futhi obala. Kwe-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» — umbala okhanyayo, osagolide-orange.
• Iphansi letiye (ikhasi eliselugqojeni): Ikhasi livuleka linwebeka futhi ngokulinganayo; imibala isuka konsundu wobhedu kuya komsundu obomvu. Ubuqotho bekhasilomtiye buyagcinwa, okufakazela ukuvuna ngesandla okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokucutshungulwa ngobumnene.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

• Ama-Polyphenol: Imikhiqizo ye-oxidation yama-catechin — ama-theaflavin (enza ukugqama nokuphila kokumpompomela) nama-thearubigin (ukujula kombala nomzimba wokunambitheka). Isamba sokuqukethwe kwama-polyphenol siyinto ejwayelekile kumatiye abomvu asezintabeni eningizimu yeShayina (≈ 22–26%).
• Ama-Amino Acid: Okuhlanganisa ne-L-theanine — ahlinzeka ubumnene, ubumnandi kanye ne-aftertaste yoju. Izimo eziphakeme zezintaba ngenkungu evamile zisiza ukunqwabelana kwama-amino acid okuphezulu.
• Ama-Alkaloid: I-caffeine (evamise ukuba ngu-2.5–3.5%), i-theobromine ne-theophylline ngamanani amancane.
• Amavithamini Namaminerali: Amavithamini eqembu B; i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc. Inhlabathi yezintaba yaseNandan inothisa ikhasilomtiye ngeminerali emincane.
• Inhlanganisela ye-engezwakali enamakha: Ingxube ye-terpenes (linalool, geraniol), ama-aldehyde kanye nemikhiqizo ye-Maillard reaction. Emgqeni onentuthu, kukhona i-guaiacol ne-syringol — imikhiqizo yokusha kwezinkuni zama-conifer.
• Izinto ze-Pectin: Okuqukethwe okulinganiselwe okukhuphukile, okuvamile ezinhlobonhlobo zezintaba zendawo; kunikeza ukumpompomela ukuthinta okuyindilinga.

8. Izinzuzalo Zezempilo:

• Ukushukumisa okumnene: I-caffeine ihlanganiswe ne-L-theanine inikeza amandla afanayo kanye nokugxila ngaphandle kovalo, ngesenzo esithambile kunekhofi.
• Ukusebenza kwe-Antioxidant: Ama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin anamandla aphezulu e-antioxidant; ukuphuza itiye elibomvu njalo kuhlotshaniswa nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative.
• Ukusekela ukugaya ukudla: Itiye elibomvu elifudumele elinezinto ze-tannin lishukumisa izinqubo zokugaya ngobumnene; ikakhulukazi lihle ngemuva kokudla okunamafutha noma okuningi.
• Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenol etiye elibomvu asekela ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi futhi enza izinga le-cholesterol lijwayeleke uma kuphuzwa ngokulingene njalo.
• Isenzo sokufudumeza: Ukumpompomela okugcwele okunephrofayili yoju kunciphisa umuzwa wokubanda nokukhathala — isiphuzo esihle kakhulu ngenkathi yekwindla nebusika.
• Imisebenzi yengqondo: I-L-theanine isiza ukukhiqiza amaza e-alpha ebuchosheni, isekela isimo sokusangana kokuthula — esihle emsebenzini wobuciko nowobuhlakani.

Qaphela: Lezi zakhiwo zisekelwe emininingweni ejwayelekile ngezakhi ezisebenzayo zetiye elibomvu futhi azithathi indawo yokwelulekwa kwezokwelapha.

9. Ukuphisa:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95°C.
• Ubuningi betiye: 4–6 g nge-100–120 ml.
• Ithuluzi: Igaiwan (盖碗) — iyona engcono kakhulu yokwembula iphrofayili yephunga; i-teapot ye-porcelain noma yengilazi; i-teapot yaseYixing ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okuyindilinga.
• Inqubo:
  1. Fudumeza ithuluzi ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwakhipha.
  2. Thela itiye; phefumula iphunga lekhasilomtiye elifudunyeziwe.
  3. Ukugeza ngokuvamile akudingekile, kodwa kuyavunyelwa (imizuzwana engu-1–2) ngekhasi elisongwe ngokuqine.
  4. Ukutheleka kokuqala: 8–12 imizuzwana.
  5. Ukutheleka kwe-2–4: 10–15 imizuzwana.
  6. Emva kwalokho khulisa isikhathi ngo-5–10 imizuzwana; i-Liùlóng Hóngchá yekhwalithi ephezulu ingamela ukutheleka okungu-6–8.
  7. I-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» enenothi yentuthu inhle kakhulu ngezinga lokushisa eliphakeme nje (95°C) kanye nezikhathi zokutheleka ezikhuliswe kancane — lokhu kuvumela ukwembula ngokugcwele iphrofayili yayo yentuthu nenyama enoshukela.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Iziqukathi ezingavumeli umoya (amathinini, amaphakethe e-vacuum), ukuvikela emaphungeni angaphandle, ekukhanyeni okuqondile, kanye komswakama.
• Okuhle: 15–25°C, indawo eyomile nemnyama.
• Amatiye abomvu aseLiulong aphuzwa engekavuthwa (kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-6–18 emva kokukhiqiza), kepha amalothi asezingeni eliphezulu angakwazi ukuhlanganiswa iminyaka engu-2–3 uma egcinwe kahle, athole ukujula okwengeziwe nokuzwakala njenge-velvet.
• Umugqa onentuthu i-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» uvumela ukugcinwa isikhathi eside: amanothi entuthu ayathamba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ehlangana nokunambitheka.

11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:

• Ibanga lentengo: Imkhakha othengekayo — ophakathi. I-Liùlóng Hóngchá ingelinye lamatiye abomvu aseGuangxi anomlinganiso wgentengo nekhwalithi okhangayo kakhulu. I-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» iyona ebiza kakhulu emgqeni; i-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» ishibhile kancane.
• Izinto ezithonya intengo: Izinga lokukha (ihlumela elilodwa kuqhathaniswa nehlumela elinamaqabunga); inkathi (intwasahlobo ibaluleke kakhulu); ibanga nomugqa othile wophawu lwe-«Yánchì».
• Ungakugwema kanjani ukuthenga okungelona iqiniso:
  1. Thenga kubathengisi abagunyaziwe benkampani i-«Liùlóng Cháyè» noma ngoxhumano lwesifunda olunesitifiketi.
  2. Hlola ikhasilomtiye: ukusongwa okulinganayo, ukungabibikho kothuli nezinto ezingaphandle; ukuba khona kwezintwanyana ezigolide ku-«Ihlumela Elisagolide».
  3. Hlola iphunga: lihlanzekile, ngaphandle kobulukhuni obushisiwe noma amanothi esikhunta.
  4. Ukumpompomela: umbala obomvu-amber, ogqamile, obala; ukufiphala kuyisibonakaliso esixwayisa.
  5. Musa ukwamukela intengo ephansi ngokungenangqondo ngebanga elishiwoyo.

12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:

• Igama elithi «Liùlóng» (六龙, «Amadrako Ayisithupha») — lingelinye lamagama anemibongo kakhulu emhlabeni wetiye laseShayina: lihlokoloza esithombeni sakudala esivela eNcwadini Yezinguquko, esimelela amandla nokuvumelana kwezulu.
• Isifunda saseNandan siyindawo yokuzalwa yamaYao amabhulukwe amhlophe (白裤瑶), elinye lamaqembu angahlolwa kangako futhi ahluke kakhulu eShayina. Isiko lawo lendabuko, okuhlanganisa izigubhu zethani (铜鼓), ukuluka kanye nezinkambiso, lihlotshiswe ngokujulile ngemikhuba yetiye. Ukuvakashela eNandan kuvumela ukuhlanganisa ezokuvakasha zetiye neze-ethnographic.
• I-Liùlóng Chá ingenye yemikhiqizo eyisishiyagalombili yaseNandan ethole isitifiketi sikazwelonke sendawo, kanye nenkukhu yaseNandan yamaYao (南丹瑶鸡), ama-blueberries aseNandan kanye neminye imikhiqizo ekhethekile.
• EMkhosini Wesithupha Wetiye Wamasiko WaseNandan (2023) kwethulwa uhlelo lokuthi «ngwanekela isihlahla setiye» (认养茶树): noma ngubani angathatha isibopho sesihlahla setiye esithile emasimini futhi athole isivuno sakhe.
• Itiye elibomvu i-«Liùlóng Yánchì» lingumkhiqizo osemncane kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifushane liqoqe iqoqo elihlaba umxhwele lemiklomelo yezinga likazwelonke, okufakazela ikhwalithi ephezulu yezinto ezingavuthiwe zendawo kanye nobungcweti babakhiqizi. Inkampani i-«Liùlóng Cháyè» ithuthukisa amandla ezokuvakasha zetiye, inikeza izivakashi imizila yasemphakathini yokuvakashela amasimu anethuba lokuzikhethela itiye, amakhulasi okucubungula nokunambitha, kanye nokwazana nesiko lamaYao.

13. Izinhlobonhlobo Namabanga:

Itiye laseLiulong likhishwa emigqeni eminingana, ehlanganisa izigaba namazinga ahlukahlukene:

Amatiye aluhlaza (umkhiqizo oyinhloko womlando):

• Liùlóng Báiháo (六龙白毫) — itiye eliluhlaza elinezintwanyana ezimhlophe, limbozwe izintwanyana ezithambile; iphrofayili entsha, ethambile.
• Liùlóng Yúnjiān (六龙云尖) — «isihlindi sefu»; ukusongwa okuqinile, iphunga eliqhakazile lezitshalo.
• Liùlóng Cuìpiàn (六龙翠片) — «ikhasi le-jade»; itiye eliluhlaza elisongwe ngaphansi elinamanothi ama-castnut.
• Zhōnghuá Yù Yá (中华玉芽) — «ihlumela le-jade laseShayina»; itiye eliluhlaza elihamba phambili elinehlumela elilodwa.

Amatiye abomvu (uphawu lwe-«Yánchì», 岩赤):

• Jīn Yá Hóngchá (金芽红茶, «Ihlumela Elisagolide») — inhlumela eyodwa noma «ihlumela + ikhasi elilodwa»; imnene kakhulu futhi imnandi, inezintwanyana ezigolide eziningi.
• Jīn Luó Hóngchá (金螺红茶, «Indophi Esagolide») — ukusongwa njengendophi, ihlumela elilodwa nekhasi elilodwa kuya kwamabili; ibhalansi yobumnandi nobuningi.
• Chuántǒng Xiǎozhǒng Hóngchá (传统小种红茶, «Xiaozhong Wendabuko») — izinto ezivuthiwe kakhulu, intuthu encane, iyi-«nesimo» kakhulu futhi igcwele emgqeni.

Itiye elimnyama:

• Lǎo Chǎngzhǎng Hēichá (老厂长黑茶, «I-Heicha Yomphathi Omdala») — itiye elivutshelwe ngemuva; umugqa ohlukile, ongabiyingxenye yesigaba esibomvu.

Amazinga ekhwalithi emgqeni ngamunye ahluka ngokwezinga lokukha (单芽, 一芽一叶, 一芽二叶), isilinganiso sezihloko ezigolide, ukulingana kokusongwa kanye nenkathi yokukha.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Liùlóng Hóngchá yi tiye elibomvu elinegama likadrako nesimo sezintaba, elazalelwa empambanweni enhle yeGuangxi neGuizhou, ezweni lamaYao amabhulukwe amhlophe nezigubhu zethani. Ngemuva kwalo kunomlando weminyaka engamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili wokutshala itiye kanye nohlelo oluncane, olunamabhongo lokuphawula, olusekelwa ikhwalithi yangempela: ubumnandi obuhlanzekile, i-bouquet yoju nezithelo, kanye nalowo muzwa okhethekile wamaminerali owaziwa kakhulu ngezintaba, olethwa inhlabathi yezintaba yasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuangxi.

I-Liùlóng Hóngchá iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokwazana namatiye abomvu aseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeShayina: ethengekayo, enephunga elimnandi, enebala lezinto ezithokozisayo kusukela kwi-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» elimnene kakhulu kuye kwi-«Xiaozhong Wendabuko» enesimo nentuthu encane. Umugqa we-«Yánchì» uvumela ukukhetha itiye kunoma yikuphi ukuzwa — kusukela kwi-«Ihlumela Elisagolide» elihle lasekuseni kuye kwi-«Xiaozhong» yasebusuku, enentuthu efudumele. Futhi kulabo abazisayo kungekona nje ukunambitheka, kodwa nomlando osenkomishini ngayinye, i-Liulong inikeza inhlanganisela eyivelakancane: isiko lasendulo letiye kanye namagugu asendaweni aphilayo esizwe sase-ethnographic esinye sezindawo ezimibalabala kakhulu eShayina.