Liu'ān Guāpiàn

I-Liu’ān Guāpiàn wukuphela kwetiye eliluhlaza emhlabeni elikhiqizwa kuphela ngamacembe alodwa, ngaphandle kwezimbali kanye neziqu. Igama lalo—“Imbewu Yethanga evela e-Liu’ān”—lichaza ukuma kweqabunga elifana nembewu ngemva kokucutshungulwa. Lingenye yamatiye ayishumi adumile ase-China, itiye lentela lombuso we-Qing, ifa lesizwe (ifa lamasiko elingaphatheki le-People’s Republic of China kusukela ngo-2008) kanye nesipho sikahulumeni ku-Kissinger ngo-1971—i-Liu’ān Guāpiàn yehlukile phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza ngenxa yezinto ezintathu eziyingqayizivele: “akukho zimbalo, akukho ziqu” (无芽无梗), “ukugazingwa ngokwehlukana ngokuvuthwa” (老嫩分炒) kanye “noMlilo Weqiniso Ophindwe kathathu” (三昧真火)—kubandakanya neyaziwayo “Lā Lǎohuǒ” (拉老火).

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingabhibhisiwe. Lingenxa yesigaba esikhethekile esibizwa nge-“pianchá” (片茶, “itiye lamaqabunga/amaqembu”).
• Isigaba: Amatiye Adumile ase-China (中国十大名茶). Ifa Lamasiko Elingaphatheki le-PRC (国家级非物质文化遗产, 2008). Umkhiqizo ophawulekayo ngokwendawo.
• Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Anhui (安徽省), idolobha lase-Liu’ān (六安市, Liù’ān Shì), ukhahlamba lwase-Dabie (大别山, Dàbié Shān). Izindawo eziyinhloko: isifunda sase-Jinzhai (金寨县, Jīnzhài Xiàn)—indawo esezintabeni yangaphakathi (内山); isifunda sase-Yu’an (裕安区, Yù’ān Qū)—indawo yangaphandle (外山). Umhlaba oyisibonelo osezingeni eliphezulu—intaba i-Qishan (齐山 / 齐头山, Qí Shān) kanye nomgede odumile i-Bat Cave (蝙蝠洞, Biānfú Dòng) esigodini sase-Qishan, emkhandlwini wase-Xianghongdian (响洪甸镇).
• Izixhumanisi zomhlaba: ~31°30′ N, 115°50′ E.
• Amanye amagama: Guāpiàn (瓜片)—isifinyezo; Piàn Chá (片茶, “itiye lamaqabunga”); Liù’ān Piàn (六安片).

2. Umlando kanye Nobaluleko Lwesiko:

• Umlando: Umlando wamatiye e-Liu’ān usukela emuva eminyakeni eminingi. Kakade kwi-”Classic of Tea” (《茶经》) ka-Lu Yu (陆羽, ngekhulu lesi-8) kukhulunywa nge-“Luzhou Liu’ān chá” (庐州六安茶). Isazi se-Ming u-Xu Guangqi (徐光启) kuyo yonke i-Agricultural Encyclopedia (《农政全书》) wabiza “amatiye angamaqabunga e-Liu’an njengesizinda esiphezulu” (六安州之片茶，为茶之极品). Ngenkathi ye-Qing, i-Guāpiàn yaba itiye lentela lombuso (贡茶); ngokwesiko, uMbusazwe u-Cixi wayethola inyanga ngayinye u-14 liang we-“Qí Shān Yún Wù” (齐山云雾)—umanduleli we-Guāpiàn. Isimo sanamuhla se-Liu’ān Guāpiàn sakhiwa cishe ngo-1905: ngokolunye uhlelo, umhloli wamatiye wase-Liu’ān waqala ukukhetha ezitiyeni ezivele zikhona kuphela amaqabunga amnene, elahla izimbali neziqu; ngokolunye—abalimi base-Jinzhai (齐头山后冲) baqala ukuvuna ngokwehlukana futhi bagazinga amaqabunga avuthwe ngokwehlukana. Itiye eliphumela, elifana nembewu yoklhabishi, labizwa ngokuthi “guāzǐ piàn” (瓜子片, “amaqembu embewana”), kamuva kwafushaniswa kwa-“guā piàn.”

  Ngekhulu lama-20, i-Liu’ān Guāpiàn—itiye lenguquko kanye nobudlelwano bezizwe. UNdunankulu u-Zhou Enlai (周恩来) waziwa ngalo ngabalingani bakhe base-Liu’ān futhi wahlala ethembekile kulo kuze kube yizinsuku zakhe zokugcina. Ngo-1971, ngesikhathi sokuqala kokuvakasha okuyimfihlo kuka-Henry Kissinger e-China, i-Liu’ān Guāpiàn yanikezwa kuye njengesipho sikahulumeni (国品礼茶). Encwadini ethi Dream of the Red Chamber (《红楼梦》) ka-Cao Xueqin, itiye likhulunywa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-80.

• Igama: “Liu’ān” (六安)—igama ledolobha (kusukela ngenkathi ye-Han); “Guāpiàn” (瓜片)—“imbewu yethanga/iqembu lamakhabe”— incazelo yokuma kweqabunga.

• Ubaluleko lwesiko: I-Liu’ān Guāpiàn—“ethule kakhulu” phakathi kwabakhulu abayishumi: aziwa kangako ngaphandle kune-Longjing noma i-Bì Luó Chūn, kodwa “kwabayishumi bamatiye adumile, yiyo enesilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu sekhwalithi” (在十大名茶中质誉最高)—ngokusho kwe-State General Administration of Technical Supervision of the PRC. Ubunye bayo—buphelele: akukho ndawo emhlabeni okukhona enye itiye eliluhlaza, elenziwe ngokuqinisekile ngamacembe alodwa.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

• Uhlobo / Isilimo: Izitshalo zendawo ze-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, ezimila ezintabeni zase-Dabie. Endaweni esezintabeni yangaphakathi (内山) kusetshenziswa izinhlobo zomdabu ezinamazinga aphezulu e-amino acid.
• Ukuvuna: Yenzeka kamuva ngokwesilinganiso setiye eliluhlaza—eduze kwe-Guyu (谷雨, ~20 April), ±10 izinsuku. Umgomo: “funa oqinile, hhayi omncane” (求壮不求嫩)—ngokungafani namatiye amaningi aluhlaza, abiza kakhulu izimbali ezincane kakhulu. Ku-Lixia (立夏, ~6 May) inkathi iphela: “Ngemva kwe-Lixia—akukho Guāpiàn” (立夏之后，再无瓜片).
• Izinga lokuvuna: Iqabunga lesibili nelesithathu egatsheni—ezivuthiwe, ezinamanzi, “壮” (eziqinile). Ngaphandle kwezimbali, ngaphandle kweziqu—isidingo esiyingqayizivele. Ngemva kokuvuna kuyenziwa “bānpiàn” (扳片)—ukwehlukaniswa ngesandla kweqabunga ngalinye esiqwini nasemacembeni asondelene, kuhlelwe ngokuvuthwa.
• “Bānpiàn” (扳片)—umsebenzi osemqoka: Amahlumela avuniwe ayahlukaniswa ngesandla: kuqala ikhishwa iqabunga lesithathu, kube sekulandela elesibili, bese kuba elesokuqala, ngemuva kwalokho kuhlukaniswe isiqu esimnene esingenhla nesiqu esiqinile esingaphansi/iqabunga lesine. Ingxenye ngayinye igazingwa ngokwehlukana.

4. Umhlaba kanye Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokutshala:

• Izintaba zase-Dabie (大别山): Ukhahlamba olunamandla olusemngceleni we-Anhui, Hubei, ne-Henan. Izivande zetiye zitholakala emithambekeni esenyakatho, ezihosheni ezijulile ezinokufohla okuningi. Amahlathi angaphezu kuka-50%.
• Indawo esezintabeni yangaphakathi (内山): I-Jinzhai—i-Qishan (齐山), i-Xianghongdian (响洪甸), i-Xianhualing (鲜花岭). Ukuphakama—300–800 m. Itiye elingcono kakhulu—livela entabeni i-Qishan (齐头山, 804 m), ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseduze ne-Bat Cave (蝙蝠洞). Itiye lalapha libizwa nge-“Qí Shān Míng Piàn” (齐山名片, “Izingcezu Ezidumile zase-Qishan”)—izinga eliphezulu kakhulu.
• Indawo yangaphandle (外山): I-Yu’an—i-Shibanchong (石板冲), i-Shiposhe (石婆店), i-Shizigang (狮子岗). Ukuphakama—100–300 m. Itiye elifinyeleleka kalula, elivame ukukhiqizwa ngomshini.
• Isimo sezulu: Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi ngonyaka ~15.3°C. Imvula—1 200–1 400 mm. Umswakama—80%+. Izihosha zezintaba zakha isimo sezulu esincane esinokufohla okuningi, ukukhanya kwelanga okufushane futhi umehluko omkhulu wokushisa ubusuku nemini.
• Umhlabathi: Umbala o-yellow-brown wasezintabeni (黄棕壤), une-asidi encane (pH ~6.5), u-roxeka, ujulile, unomsoco omningi kanye namaminerali.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Liu’ān Guāpiàn—kungenye yezinto eziwugqozi olukhulu emhlabeni wamatiye aluhlaza. Imisebenzi engu-13, ~isonto kusukela ekuvuneni kuya emkhiqizweni ophelile. Izici ezintathu eziyingqayizivele—“Sān Dútè” (三独特):

Ubuningi 1: “Ngaphandle kwezimbali, ngaphandle kweziqu” (无芽无梗):

• Bānpiàn (扳片): Ngemva kokuvuna, amahlumela ahlukaniswa ngesandla—iqabunga ngalinye likhishwa esiqwini. Amaqabunga ahlelwa ngokuvuthwa: amnene (iqabunga loku-1), aphakathi (elesi-2), avuthiwe (elesi-3). Izimbali neziqu ziyasuswa. Kungani? Ngaphandle kwezimbali—akukho “kunambitheka kokotshani” (青草味); ngaphandle kweziqu—akukho kubaba (iziqu seziqina ngesikhathi sokuvuna). Umphumela: “ukunambitheka okusuthisayo, kodwa akubebi; iphunga elimnandi, kodwa akuliqholo” (味浓而不苦，香而不涩).

Ubuningi 2: “Ukugazinga ngokuhlukana ngokuvuthwa” (老嫩分炒):

• Ingxenye ngayinye (amaqabunga amnene, aphakathi, avuthiwe) igazingwa ngokwehlukana, emazingeni okushisa ahlukene kanye nesikhathi esahlukile, njengoba okuqukethwe umswakama nesakhiwo seqabunga kwehluka.
• Shēngguō (生锅, “imbiza eluhlaza”): Ukugazingwa kokuqala epanini elishisayo (~100°C+). Ukungakhiqizwa kwama-enzyme, ukuqala kokubunjwa.
• Shúguō (熟锅, “imbiza evuthiwe”): Ukugazingwa kwesibili ngezinga lokushisa elipholile. Ukubunjwa okuphelile—iqabunga licindezelwa ezindongeni zepani, imiphetho igobele emuva (叶缘背卷), yakha isimo esivamile “sembewu”.

Ubuningi 3: “Umlilo weqiniso ophindwe kathathu” (三昧真火): Izigaba ezintathu ezilandelanayo zokomiswa ngomlilo:

• Lā Máohuǒ (拉毛火, “ukudonsa umlilo omahhadlahhadla”): Ukomiswa kokuqala ngobhasikidi loqalo phezu kwamalahle (~100°C), kuphendulwa njalo ngemizuzwana emi-2–3. Kuze kufike ~80% ukoma. Iqabunga lithola isimo “sembewu”, umbala uba luhlaza okhazimulayo.
• Lā Xiǎohuǒ (拉小火, “ukudonsa umlilo omncane”): Ukomiswa kwesibili (~120°C). Kuze kufike ~90% ukoma. Ukwakheka kwephunga. Ngemuva kwalokho— “ukuphumula” izinsuku ezi-3–5 (吐绿/回疲, “ukukhipha uhlaza”) ukuze kusabalaliswe ngokulinganayo umswakama osele.
• Lā Lǎohuǒ (拉老火, “ukudonsa umlilo omdala”): Umsebenzi wokugcina futhi omangalisa kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa—160–180°C. Ubhasikidi omkhulu woqalo (ububanzi ~1.5 m) onetiye elingu-3–4 kg—abantu ababili baliphakamisa phezu kwamalahle avuthayo, balibambe imizuzwana emi-2–3, balisuse, balinikeze, liphendulwa itiye, liphakanyiswe futhi— kanjalo izikhathi ezingaba ngu-150 ngokulandelana. “Ukuliphakamisa ngokushesha, ukuliphendula ngokulinganayo, ukulinyikinya ngokunembile, izinyawo eziqinile, ukulibeka ngobumnene” (抬笼要快，翻茶要匀，拍笼要准，脚步要稳，放笼要轻). Ebusweni beqabunga kuvela “iqhwa” eliyingqayizivele (白霜, bái shuāng)—ukwencibilika kwashukela nama-amino acid. Yiyo kanye i-“Lā Lǎohuǒ” eyakha umbala odumile we-“宝绿” (bǎo lǜ, “luhlaza oyigugu”) kanye nephunga elingenakuqhathaniswa le-Guāpiàn.

6. Izimpawu Zomzimba Nezizwa:

• Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Izingcezu eziyizicaba, ezifana nembewu yethanga (瓜子形)—lisuselwa lapha igama elithi “Guāpiàn”. Imiphetho igobele emuva (叶缘背卷). Umbala—“uluhlaza oyigugu” (宝绿, bǎo lǜ) oneqhwa elimhlophe eliyingqayizivele (白霜, bái shuāng) ebusweni—umkhondo wokomiswa kokugcina ngomlilo i-“Lā Lǎohuǒ”. Amaqabunga ayalingana, alinganayo ngosayizi (izinga linqunywa yingxenye).
• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Eliphakeme, eliqhubekayo, elinamaphuzu angavamile ama-chestnut arostiwe (板栗香, bǎnlì xiāng)—iphunga eliyingqayizivele le-Guāpiàn, elakhiwe “ngumlilo ophindwe kathathu”. Amaphuzu engezelelekile—izimbali ezilula (orchid), “oluhlaza” (utshani obusanda kusikwa), ngesinye isikhathi—ututhu olulula.
• Iphunga lokugcotshwa: “Elisha futhi eliphakeme” (清香高爽, qīngxiāng gāoshuǎng). Isizinda sama-chestnut, amaphuzu ezimbali nawomhlaba. Iphunga eliqhubekayo—lihlala kuyo yonke imijovo engu-3–5.
• Ukunambitheka: “Okunososo, kodwa akumahhadla; okumnandi, kodwa akushukela ngokweqile” (味浓而不苦，香而不涩). Okuminyene, “okugcwele umzimba” (醇厚, chúnhòu). Ubumnandi obungokwemvelo, obunokujula kwe-chestnut namantongomane. Ubukrakra—buncane kakhulu (ukuntuleka kwezimbali neziqu). Ubumbalwa obuncane obuvela emhlabathini wezintaba zase-Qishan. Ukunambitheka okungemva—okude, okumnandi, “nobumnandi obubuyayo” (回甘, huígān). I-huígān igqamile, iyakhula.
• Umbala wokugcotshwa: Usobala, uluhlaza ogqamile ngomthunzi ophuzi (清澈明亮). Umbala “ophilayo”—njengomfudlana wasezintabeni.
• Isizinda setiye (iqabunga elidaliwe): Amaqabunga aphelele, ayizicaba, anwebekayo—ngaphandle kwezimbali, ngaphandle kweziqu, ngaphandle kwezicucwana. Umbala ophuzi oluhlaza olinganayo. Yikho kanye isizinda setiye se-Guāpiàn—indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola ikhwalithi: wonke amaqabunga kumele abe nosayizi ofanayo, aphelele, “aphile”.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

• Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚): Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-catechin, ikakhulukazi i-EGCG. Amaqabunga avuthiwe (hhayi izimbali.) aqukethe ama-polyphenol amaningi kunezimbali ezincane—okwenza i-Guāpiàn ibe ngenye yamatiye aluhlaza “ane-antioxidant” kakhulu.
• Ama-amino acid (氨基酸): I-L-theanine—okuqukethwe kumaphakathi okuphezulu. Indawo esezintabeni (800+ m, ukufohla, umehluko wokushisa) kusiza ukunqwabelanisa ama-amino acid.
• I-Caffeine (咖啡因): Okuqukethwe okumaphakathi—okuphansi kunamatiye asezimbalini (izimbali ziqukethe inani eliphezulu le-caffeine; i-Guāpiàn ikhiqizwa ngamaqabunga).
• Amavithamini: C (iphezulu—itiye eliluhlaza), B₁, B₂, E, K.
• Amaminerali: Inqubo ecebile—imihlaba ye-granite ne-slate yase-Qishan. I-Potassium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus.
• Izinhlanganisela eziphunga kamnandi: Inhlanganisela yama-pyrazine nama-furan, akhiwa ngesikhathi “somlilo ophindwe kathathu”—abangela iphunga le-chestnut. I-Linalool, i-geraniol—amaphuzu ezimbali.

8. Izakhiwo Zomphumela Wonke:

• Amandla aphezulu e-antioxidant: Amaqabunga avuthiwe (hhayi izimbali) aqukethe ama-polyphenol amaningi—i-Guāpiàn—ingenye “yamaphethelo” nge-EGCG phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza.
• Ukuqabuleka okumnene: I-Caffeine + L-theanine. Okuqukethwe yi-caffeine kuphansi kunamatiye asezimbalini—amandla amnene, alungele ukuphuza itiye emva kwesidlo sasemini.
• Ukusekela ukusebenza komzimba: Ama-catechin asheshisa ukushisa komzimba kanye nokushiswa kwamafutha.
• Ukusekela inhleziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenol athuthukisa ukuqina kwemithambo, enza i-cholesterol ibe sezingeni elifanele.
• Ukwakhiwa okuqinile kokugaya: Ukuntuleka kwezimbali neziqu kunciphisa ukucasuka esiswini.
• Ukwakheka kwamaminerali: Inqubo yamaminerali ecebisiwe ngenxa yomhlabathi wezintaba.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C. Amaqabunga avuthiwe ayizicaba awazwani kangako nezizinga lokushisa eliphezulu kunamatiye asezimbalini, kodwa amanzi abilayo awanconywa—angase “apheke” ukunambitheka.
• Inani letiye: 3–5 g nge-150–200 ml.
• Izitsha: Ingilazi engumcengezi (玻璃杯)—indlela yakudala: ivumela ukubukela indlela “izimbewu” eziyizicaba ezehlela kancane phansi, zivuleka. I-gaiwan ye-porcelain—yokukhipha okulawulekayo. Iketlela elincane.
• Inqubo (indlela “yokuthela kabili”, 二道冲泡法):
  1. Shushubeza ingilazi/i-gaiwan ngamanzi ashisayo.
  2. Thela u-3–5 g wetiye.
  3. Thela ~1/3 womthamo wamanzi (80°C), kushiye imizuzwana engama-30— “ukuvuswa” kweqabunga.
  4. Thela kuze kugcwalise umthamo wonke.
  5. Gxilisa imizuzu emi-2–3. Bukela “umdanso wezimbewu”.
  6. Uma sekuphuziwe ~2/3, thetha amanzi ashisayo (angaba ngu-85°C).
  7. Ukuphindaphinda okungu-3–5. I-Guāpiàn ibambelela ngokuqinile ukuphindiselwa—amaqabunga avuthiwe akhipha kancane kunesasezimbalini.
• Okunye—indlela yokugeleza (功夫泡法): 4–5 g e-gaiwan engu-100–120 ml, 70–80°C, ukugcotshwa kokuqala—imizuzwana engama-60, kuqhubeke—imizuzwana engama-45–60, ukugeleza okungu-4–6.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Isitsha: Esivalekile, esingaboni— ithini lensimbi, isikhwama se-foil esine-zip-lock.
• Izimo: Isiqandisi (0–5°C)—kunconywa ngokuqinile etiyeni eliluhlaza. Ukupakishwa okuvalekile kuyaphuthumisa (itiye eliluhlaza limunca amakha ngokushesha). Ezingeni lokushisa lekamelo—sebenzisa phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-2–3.
• Isikhathi: Izinyanga ezi-6–12 esiqandisini. I-Guāpiàn entsha (izinyanga zokuqala ezi-3)—inephunga le-chestnut elingcono kakhulu kanye nokusha. “Iqhwa elimhlophe” (白霜) emaqabungeni—wuphawu lokusha; uma linyamalala—itiye seliguga.
• Izitha: Ukukhanya, umswakama, umoya-mpilo, ukushisa, amakha angaphandle.

11. Inani kanye Nezimbadambada:

I-Liu’ān Guāpiàn—ingenye yama-“Ten Great Teas of China,” inani elihambisanayo. Izinga elijwayelekile (ukuvunwa ngomshini, iqabunga lesi-2–3)—200–600 yuan/500 g. Izinga eliphakeme (手工, ukwenziwa ngesandla, iqabunga loku-1, i-Qishan)—1 000–3 000 yuan/500 g. Izinga eliqoqiwe (i-Bianfudong, i-“Lā Lǎohuǒ” ngesandla)—3 000–10 000+ yuan/500 g.

Ungabagwema kanjani abakhwabanisi:

• Ukuma—“imbewu”: Izingcezu eziyizicaba ngaphandle kwezimbali neziqu, ezinemiphetho egobele emuva. Uma kunezimbali—AKUYONA i-Guāpiàn.
• “Iqhwa elimhlophe” (白霜): Isendlalelo esiyingqayizivele ku-Guāpiàn entsha—umkhondo we-“Lā Lǎohuǒ”. Ukuntuleka kweqhwa—wuphawu lwetiye elidala noma ubuchwepheshe obulula.
• Iphunga le-chestnut (板栗香): Isiphawuli esiyindalo. Uma iphunga “liyisicaba” noma “linotshani” ngaphandle kokujula kwe-chestnut—ukukhiqizwa okulula.
• Imvelaphi: I-Guāpiàn yangempela—ivela esifundeni sase-Yu’an (裕安区) kanye nesifunda sase-Jin (金寨县), i-Liu’ān, i-Anhui. Izindawo ezisemqoka: i-Qishan (齐山), i-Bianfudong (蝙蝠洞), i-Shitouba (石头坝).
• Qaphela “i-Liu’ān Guāpiàn” evela e-Sichuan noma e-Hubei: Kuvamile ukuthengiswa amatiye aluhlaza ayizicaba ashibhile agqoke isimo se-Guāpiàn evela e-Anhui.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

• Okuwukuphela kwetiye elidumile “elingenasiqu” emhlabeni: I-Liu’ān Guāpiàn—ukuphela kwayo phakathi kwe-“Ten Great Teas of China” (futhi ingenye yezingcosana emhlabeni) ekhiqizwa ngokuqinisekile ngamacembe alodwa—ngaphandle kwezimbali nangaphandle kweziqu. Lokhu “kukhetha okungalungile”—kuyisinyathelo esiyindida: ukukholeka kwetiye kuthanda izimbali; i-Guāpiàn ifakazela ukuthi iqabunga ngaphandle kwembali lingaba likhulu kungenye.
• U-Kissinger no-Zhou Enlai (1971): Ngokwenganekwane esakazeke kabanzi, uNdunankulu u-Zhou Enlai (周恩来) wanikeza u-Henry Kissinger i-Liu’ān Guāpiàn ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakhe okuyimfihlo e-Beijing ngoJulayi 1971—ngokulungiselela ukuvakasha okungokomlando kuka-Nixon. I-Guāpiàn yaba ngenye “yamatiye avula ubudlelwano bezizwe”.
• “I-Dream of the Red Chamber” (红楼梦): Encwadini enkulu ka-Cao Xueqin, itiye lase-Liu’ān likhulunywa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-80—ubufakazi bokuthandwa kwalo phakathi kwezicukuthwane ze-Qing.
• “I-Lā Lǎohuǒ”—umsebenzi omangalisa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni itiye e-China: Abantu ababili baphakamisa ubhasikidi omkhulu woqalo onetiye phezu kwamalahle avuthayo, balinikeze futhi balibeke phansi—izikhathi ezingaba ngu-150 ngokulandelana. Akusilo isiqhubi semishini—kungumkhuba, odinga ukusebenzisana okuhle kakhulu, futhi kungenye yezigcawu ezimangalisa kakhulu emhlabeni wetiye.
• I-Bianfudong (蝙蝠洞, “Umgede Wamalulwane”): Indawo encane edume kakhulu ye-Guāpiàn. Izihlahla zetiye zimila emithambekeni ewumqansa ezungeze umgede we-karst, lapho kuhlala khona amalulwane ebusika. Umquba wawo ucebisa umhlabathi nge-phosphorus nangama-micro-element, okuthi ngokwabalimi bendawo, kwakha ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele kwamaqoqo amahle kakhulu.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:

• I-Dǐng Gǔ Dà Fāng (顶谷大方, Dǐnggǔ Dà Fāng): Nayo iyisicaba, nayo ingeyase-Anhui, nayo inephunga le-chestnut—kodwa i-Dà Fāng ihlanganisa izimbali namaqabunga; i-Guāpiàn—amacembe kuphela. I-Dà Fāng—“ngumanduleli we-Longjing”; i-Guāpiàn—“igatsha elizimele lokuziphendukela kwemvelo”. I-Dà Fāng—imnene futhi imnandi; i-Guāpiàn—iminyene futhi isuthisa.
• I-Longjing (龙井, Lóng Jǐng): Nayo iyisicaba, kodwa ivela e-Zhejiang. I-Longjing isebenzisa izimbali + amaqabunga; i-Guāpiàn—amacembe kuphela. I-Longjing—inephunga likabhontshisi notshani; i-Guāpiàn—le-chestnut. I-Longjing—“ilula” futhi “isha”; i-Guāpiàn—“iminyene” futhi “ijulile”.
• I-Huangshan Maofeng (黄山毛峰): “Umakhelwane” e-Anhui. Isongekile (hhayi isicaba), inochuku oluningi olumhlophe. Iphunga le-orchid. “Inezimbali” futhi “inomoya” kakhulu, kune-“chestnut-enejulile” i-Guāpiàn.
• I-Tài Píng Hóu Kuí (太平猴魁): Elinye itiye “elikhulu” lase-Anhui eliluhlaza. Amaqabunga amakhulu ayizicaba “anenethi”. Inqubo yama-orchid ne-vanilla. “Ihlaba umxhwele” ngokwakheka, ayi-“gxilile” kangako ngokunambitheka, kune-Guāpiàn.
• I-Bì Luó Chūn (碧螺春, Bì Luó Chūn): Evela e-Jiangsu—“imisongezo” enochuku oluningi. Inqubo enezimbali nezithelo. Isitayela esihluke ngokuphelele—“ilula” vs “iminyene.”

Ekuphetheni:

I-Liu’ān Guāpiàn—itiye elinobumbano: ezweni lapho kubaluleke izimbali ezimnene, ilahla ngamabomu zona; ezweni lapho ubuhle bokugingqa bubalulekile, ikhetha ukuma okulula kwembewu yethanga; ezweni lapho ubuchwepheshe buhlose ukulawula okuncane, ihamba “emlilweni weqiniso ophindwe kathathu,” kuhlanganise nomsebenzi omangalisa kakhulu kuwo wonke amasiko wamatiye ase-China.

Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu—ikwi-“Ten Great Teas of China,” yaba isipho sobudlelwano bezizwe sika-Zhou Enlai futhi ikhulunywa izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-80 ku-“Dream of the Red Chamber.” Ngoba umphumela ukhuluma ngokwawo: ukunambitheka okuminyene, okusuthisayo, okumnandi nge-chestnut, okungenakutholakala kunoma yiziphi ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa futhi ngobunye ubuchwepheshe.

Iqabunga lingenambali. Umlilo ongenamusa. Ukunambitheka okungenakukhokhisana. Lokhu—i-Liu’ān Guāpiàn.