Línglóng Lǜchá

ILínglóng Lǜchá (玲珑绿茶, Línglóng lǜchá) yitiye eliluhlaza elinomumo oyingqayizivele we-«ingwegwe» ovela esifundeni saseGuìdōng (桂东县, Guìdōng Xiàn) esifundazweni saseHunan, esisenkabeni yezintaba zaseLuóxiāo (罗霄山脉, Luóxiāo Shānmài) — uhla lwezintaba oluwumngcele wamanzi phakathi kweHunan neJiangxi. Igama elithi «Línglóng» (玲珑, Línglóng, «ubuhle / ubucwephe») lidlulisa umumo weqabunga letiye: «ingwegwe» eqinile esontekile (环钩, huángōu), egobile yaba yindilinga, — umumo oyisakhiwo esingokwezandla esidalwe ngendlela «hézhǎng cuōróu» (合掌搓揉, hézhǎng cuōróu, «ukuhlikihla phakathi kwezintende zezandla») futhi esivikelwe njengamagugu angabonakali esifundazweni saseHunan (2012). Ama-amino acid etiyeni lasentwasahlobo angu-5,15% (ngaphezu kwama-40% kwesilinganiso), okuqinisekisa ukusha okukhethekile nokunambitheka «okunojusi». Ukumbozwa kwehlathi esifundeni saseGuìdōng kungu-82% (okuphezulu kakhulu eHunan), futhi izinga lama-ion amabi emoyeni liqinisekiswe yiGuinness World Records.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Nokudabuka:

• Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingagayeli. Umumo oyingqayizivele we-«ingwegwe» (环钩状, huángōu zhuàng) — «ingwegwe egobile», evaleleke ibe yindilinga. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhanda — ukugazinga (炒青, chǎoqīng) nokomiswa kokugcina ngezinga eliphansi lokushisa elingu-50–60°C.

• Isigaba: Umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo yokuvela yaseShayina (国家地理标志产品, 2012). Amagugu angabonakali esifundazweni saseHunan (省级非遗, shěngjí fēiyí, 2012 — ubuchwepheshe «环钩定形», huángōu dìngxíng, «ukubumba ingwegwe-ndilinga»). Indondo yegolide yoMnyango Wezolimo WeShayina (国家农牧渔业部金奖, 1980). Indondo yegolide yeMhlangano Wezohwebo Wamazwe Ngamazwe Wasempumalanga NasePasifikhi Yesihlanu (1994). Ngo-2025 — izinsimu zetiye ezingu-149 000 mu, umkhiqizo wamathani angu-4 700, inani elihlanganisiwe elingu-520 million yuan.

• Indabuko: IShayina, isifundazwe saseHunan (湖南省, Húnán Shěng), idolobha iChēnzhōu (郴州市, Chēnzhōu Shì), isifunda saseGuìdōng (桂东县, Guìdōng Xiàn). Izintaba zaseLuóxiāo (罗霄山脉), ukuphakama okungu-500–1500 m. Indawo yokuqala — indawana iTóngluó (铜锣村, Tóngluó Cūn), ilokishi iQīngquán (清泉镇, Qīngquán Zhèn), iqembu lamakhaya iLínglóng (玲珑组, Línglóng Zǔ).

• Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe 26°05′ N, 113°55′ E.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

• Inganekwane ka-«Nkulunkulukazi Wentaba» (山母仙, Shānmǔ Xiān). Ngokwesiko lesikhathi se-Ming–Qing, inkulunkulukazi ebizwa ngokuthi «Umama Wentaba» yehla ngehhashi laya entabeni iLínglóng, yabe isifundisa abantu bendawo ubuciko bokwenza itiye ngobusuku obubodwa, yavakashela ikhaya ngalinye yaphinda isifundo kathathu. Ekuseni, yahamba ngefu ingazange ikwazi ukondla ihhashi layo. Esicongweni sentaba kwasala umgodi edwaleni — «Indishi Yamahhashi» (马归槽, mǎ guī cáo), enomumo wendishi futhi egcwele amanzi unyaka wonke. Le ndawo isahlonishwa nanamuhla.

• Umbhalo womlando we-Qing. Ku-«Пяньлун Гуйдун Сяньчжи» (乾隆《桂东县志》, «Umlando Wesifunda SaseGuìdōng Ngesikhathi SikaQianlong») kubhalwe amasiko ayingqayizivele okusebenzisa itiye emicimbini yempilo. Ikalobolo lomshado lalihlanganisa itiye nosawoti: «以茶盐行聘，象征海誓山盟» — «Itiye nosawoti ngesikhathi sokuthembisana kufanekisela isifungo sezintaba nezilwandle». Lapho kuzalwa usana, lwaligezwa ngemvubelo yetiye ukuze luvikeleke ezifweni. Umufi wayefakwa amacembe etiye emlonyeni — «ukuze umphefumulo ungaduhli futhi umzimba ungaboli». Kwakushiwo ukuthi: «宁可终生不饮酒，不可一日不喝茶» — «Kungcono ungaphuzi iwayini unomphela kunokuthi ungaphuzi itiye usuku olulodwa».

• «Чжунго Чацзин» (《中国茶经》, «I-Canon Yetiye LaseShayina»). Umbhalo ohlonishwayo ubhala ukuthi: «玲珑佳茗，产于湘南桂东，群山之腰，苍松翠竹，阴晴朝暮，山岚雾嶂，藏玲珑茶之园也» — «Itiye elihle likaLínglóng likhula eningizimu neHunan, esifundeni saseGuìdōng, emathangeni ezintaba, phakathi kwamaphayini amadala nehlumela eliluhlaza, emafini nasenkungwini, okusitha izinsimu zetiye eliLínglóng».

• 1929 — «Хунань гэ сянь тэчань дяоча бицзи» (《湖南各县特产调查笔记》). Umbhalo uthi: «茶叶为八面山天然产，饮之凉生两胁，可以消烦涤虑» — «Itiye lingumkhiqizo wemvelo wezintaba zaseBāmiànshān; lapho uphuza, kubanda ezinhlangothini zombili zezimbambo, okwazi ukudambisa ukukhathazeka nokuhlanza imicabango».

• 1965 — igama elisemthethweni. U-Wáng Yánchūn (王延春, Wáng Yánchūn), unobhala wekomidi lesifundazwe le-CCP laseHunan, wavakashela ilokishi iLínglóng, waqamba itiye ngokuthi «Línglóng Chá» (玲珑茶) — ngegama leqembu lamakhaya lapho lenziwa khona okokuqala.

• 1980 — indondo yegolide. ILínglóng Chá yaqala ukuhlanganyela emncintiswaneni kazwelonke wokuhlola itiye, yathola indondo yegolide yoMnyango Wezolimo, Imfuyo Nezokudoba WeShayina. Ngo-1985, yaphinde yathola umklomelo walo mnyango. Ngo-1994, yathola indondo yegolide emncintiswaneni wokuqala we-«Xiāngchá Bēi» (湘茶杯, «Indebe Yetiye LaseHunan») kanye nendondo yegolide yeMhlangano Wezohwebo Wamazwe Ngamazwe Wasempumalanga NasePasifikhi Yesihlanu. Ngo-2012, kwabhaliswa uphawu lwendawo yokuvela futhi kwanikezwa isimo samagugu angabonakali. Ngo-2016, iLínglóng Chá yethulwa emibukisweni yamazwe ngamazwe eLas Vegas naseMilan, yathola izincomo ezihle kakhulu kubahloli bokunambitha abaphesheya.

• Igama. 玲珑 (Línglóng) — «ubuhle», «ubucwephe», «ubunyoninco». Uhlamvu 玲 (líng) luqukethe ukhiye «i-jade» (玉), oluqokomisa ubuncwabisempilo; 珑 (lóng) — «ukukhala kwe-jade», «ukubonakala». Ngokuhlangene — «ukubonakala kwe-jade», okudlulisa kahle isimo seqabunga letiye: elincane, eliqinile, elibukeka sengathi liqingqwe nge-jade. 绿茶 (lǜchá) — «itiye eliluhlaza».

• Ukubaluleka kwamasiko. IGuìdōng ingesinye sezifunda ezihlanzekile kakhulu eHunan ngokwemvelo: 82% ukumbozwa kwehlathi (okuphezulu esifundazweni), irekhodi le-Guinness ngezinga lama-ion amabi emoyeni, idumela «lepharadesi elinobunjalo nelokwelapha» (养生天堂、避暑胜地). ILínglóng Chá yitiye oluyisibonelo sale «nqaba eluhlaza», ehlanganiswe ngokuhlukaniseki namasiko ezintaba aseningizimu-mpumalanga yeHunan.

3. Incazelo Yezezitshalo Nezinto Zokusebenza:

• Uhlobo / Imbewu: Uhlobo lwendawo oluhlangene (本地群体种, běndì qúntǐ zhǒng), oluhlobene ne-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Amacembe aphakathi nendawo, aqala ukukhula kusenesikhathi, anezinwele eziningi (白毫, báiháo). Esifundeni kutholakale izihlahla zetiye zasendle ezindala ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 — ubufakazi bokuthi isiko letiye lendabuko. Iphrofayili ye-biochemical yeqabunga: ama-amino acid — 5,15%, ama-polyphenol — 29,98%, i-caffeine — 6,78%. Isilinganiso se-phenol-amino (酚氨比, fēn’ān bǐ) — 0,17 — siphansi ngokweqile, okuqinisekisa ifomula yokunambitha ethi «鲜醇耐泡» (xiān chún nài pào, «kusha, kumuncu, kuqinile»).

• Ukuvuna: Ukuvuna kwasentwasahlobo (春茶, chūnchá) — okuyinhloko. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu — imiqotho engasodwa, evuniwe ngaphambi kukaQingming. Izinga lokuqala — «umqotho owodwa + iqabunga elilodwa elisanda kuvuleka» (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chūzhǎn). Izinga lesibili — «umqotho owodwa + amacembe amabili» (一芽二叶).

• Indinganiso yokuvuna: Imiqotho kumele igcwele, inezinwele ezicijile ezesiliva. Imfuneko yobuhlobo — ephezulu kakhulu: ubude bamahlumela eqoqweni akumehlu-ke nge-15%.

• Amazinga: Eliphakeme kakhulu (特级, tèjí): umqotho owodwa — kusukela ku-2800 yuan/500 g (2024). Elokuqala (一级, yījí): umqotho owodwa + iqabunga elilodwa — 800–1200 yuan. Elesibili (二级, èrjí): umqotho owodwa + amacembe amabili — izinga elijwayelekile.

4. Indawo Nezici Zokutshala:

• Indawo nesimo sezulu. Isifunda saseGuìdōng sisemgqeni wezintaba zaseLuóxiāo (罗霄山脉), okuwumngcele wamanzi phakathi kweHunan neJiangxi. Ngasenyakatho-mpumalanga kulele izintaba zaseWànyáng (万洋山, Wànyáng Shān), eningizimu-mpumalanga — iZhūguǎngshān (渚广山), entshonalanga — iBāmiànshān (八面山, Bāmiàn Shān, ifinyelela ku-2042 m — enye yezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu eHunan). Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo — 16°C. Imvula — ~1500 mm. Ukugcwala kwamafu — izinsuku ezingaphezu kwe-180 ngonyaka. Ukukhanya okusakazekile — ngaphezu kuka-70%. Umehluko wezinga lokushisa ubusuku nemini — ngaphezu kuka-8°C. Umswakama ophakathi nendawo — 82%.

• Ukuphakama okutshalwa kukho: 500–1500 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.

• Umhlabathi: Umhlabathi ophuzi osesisekelweni segranite (花岗岩风化黄壤, huāgāngyán fēnghuà huángrǎng). pH — 5,5–6,5. Okuphilayo — ≥2%. Isakhiwo esixegayo, ijula.

• Imvelo. Ukumbozwa kwehlathi — 82% (okuphezulu kakhulu eHunan). Izinga lama-ion amabi emoyeni — liqinisekiswe yiGuinness World Records (ukuqashelwa yiKomidi LeShanghai Lika-«Da Shijie Jinisi», 上海大世界基尼斯). Ukuhlolwa kwe-SGS ngemixhaphaphakhi engu-481 yamazinga e-EU — yonke imiphumela ithi «akutholakali» (未检出), ngaphandle kwamaprotheni nama-amino acid.

• Inhliziyo yokukhiqiza. Ilokishi iQīngquán (清泉镇, Qīngquán Zhèn), indawana iTóngluó (铜锣村) — indawo yokuqala yomlando; izinsimu zetiye ezatshalwa ngesikhathi se-Ming. Ilokishi iQiáotóu (桥头乡, Qiáotóu Xiāng) — indawo enkulu yokutshala, ~10 000 mu, inikeza ~60% wezinga eliphakeme kakhulu.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe besakhiwo esinesinyathelo esiyinhloko — «хуаньгоу динсин» (环钩定形, huángōu dìngxíng, «ukubumba ingwegwe-ndilinga») — buqashelwa njengamagugu angabonakali esifundazweni saseHunan (2012). Sekukonke izinyathelo ezinkulu ezingu-8:

• Ukunweba (摊放, tānfàng): Amahora angu-2–6 emibhoshongweni yoqalo. Ukuhwamuka kwamanzi okuyingxenye, ukuqala kwezinto eziguqulayo ezinamandla.

• «Ukubulala okuluhlaza» (杀青, shā qīng): Izinga lokushisa — 120–130°C — eliphansi ngokuphawulekayo kunaleli lamanye amaningi etiye eliluhlaza elisingaziwe (ngokuvamile 160–220°C). Ukukhanda okumnene kugcina izinwele eziningi nobumnene.

• Ukupholisa emkhenikheni (清风, qīngfēng): Ukusabalalisa ukushisa ngokushesha ukuze kumiswe umthelela wokushisa.

• Ukusonteka (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukuqothuka kwamangqamuzana ngo-30–40% — okwanele ukukhipha okusanhlamvwana, kodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umumo.

• Ukomisa kokuqala (初干, chūgān): Ukufinyelela esimweni esithi «akunamathela ezandleni», izinwele ziqala ukubonakala.

• «Ukubumba ingwegwe nokuphakamisa izinwele» (整形提毫, zhěngxíng tíháo): Umsebenzi oyinhloko — «ukuhlikihla kokuphindisela emuva ngezandla ezimbili» (双手反旋搓条, shuāngshǒu fǎnxuán cuōtiáo). Ingcweti ithatha ingxenye yetiye ezintendeni zayo zombili bese iziphendula ngendlela ephambene, isonteka iqabunga libe yingwegwe eqinile esontekile, evalekele ibe yindilinga. Ukunyakaza — kuhamba kancane, ingcindezi — iyalingana. Lapho sekufinyelelwe ~80% okomisiwe, kuqalwa «ukuphakamisa izinwele» (提毫, tíháo): izintende zicindezela itiye ziliphendule kahle, zivumele amacembe ukuthi ahlikihlana, kuze kuvele izinwele ezesiliva ebusweni. Ukucindezela ngomshini akuvunyelwe (禁用机械压条, jìnyòng jīxiè yātiáo) — umumo we-«ingwegwe-ndilinga» ufezeka kuphela ngezandla.

• Ukupholisa noku-«buya komswakama» (摊凉回潮, tānliáng huícháo): Ukulinganisa umswakama phakathi kwengaphezulu nangaphakathi kweqabunga.

• Ukomisa kokugcina (足火, zúhuǒ): 50–60°C kuze kube umswakama ≤6%. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi ligcina umumo obuthakathaka we-«ingwegwe» nezinwele.

6. Izici Zezinzwa:

• Isibonakalo seqabunga elomile: Izikejana eziqinile ezisontekile, ezivaleleke zibe izindilinga (紧细弯曲, 环钩状, jǐnxì wānqū, huángōu zhuàng). Umbala — uluhlaza okotshani obunamandla onokucwebezela okunamafutha nezinwele eziningi ezesiliva (翠绿油润显银毫, cuìlǜ yóurùn xiǎn yínháo). Amacembe mancane kakhulu futhi alinganayo.

• Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile (清香, qīngxiāng), elisha, elinomsinso we-castanea etiyeni lasentwasahlobo. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu — iphunga elincane «elincane» (嫩香, nènxiāng) nelinokunambitheka kwesitshalo esisha.

• Iphunga lomvubelo: I-Castanea (栗香, lìxiāng) nendawo ehlanzekile yesitshalo. Iphunga linamandla — inkomishi ebandayo igcina iphunga imizuzu engaphezu kwe-10.

• Ukunambitheka: Okusha nokumuncu (鲜醇, xiānchún) — umphumela wama-amino acid angu-5,15% arekhodini. Okuphundu nokuvuselelayo (甘爽, gānshuǎng). Ifomula «eliginjile, kodwa elinganukubayo» (浓而不涩, nóng ér bú sè) — ukulingana okuhle kwama-polyphenol (29,98%) nama-amino acid ngesilinganiso se-phenol-amino esingu-0,17. Ukubuya kobumnandi — kuyashesha futhi kuqine.

• Umbala womvubelo: Ophuzi-luhlaza, ohlanzekile futhi okhanyayo (黄绿明净, huánglǜ míngjìng).

• Inqobelo yetiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe): Emincane, ehlangene, «izimbali» (嫩匀成朵, nèn yún chéng duǒ) — amahlumela avuleka ngamaqembu, ekhomba ubuqotho. Umbala — uluhlaza okhanyayo.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

• Ama-Amino acid: 5,15% — ngaphezu kwama-40% wokungaphezulu kwesilinganiso setiye eliluhlaza. Okugqamile yi-L-theanine, enikeza ukusha, ubumnandi obufana ne-umami kanye nomphumela wokuphumula.

• Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚): 29,98% — ebangeni eliphezulu lamatiye aluhlaza. Izingxenye eziyinhloko — ama-catechin (EGCG, EGC, EC, ECG), anomthelela oqinile wokulwa nokuxhopha.

• I-Caffeine (咖啡碱): 6,78% — ngaphezu kwesilinganiso (ibanga elijwayelekile lamatiye aluhlaza — 2–4%). Izinga eliphezulu lichazwa ngofuzo lohlobo lwendawo nezimo zemvelo. Kunikeza umphumela wokuqabula onamandla.

• Isilinganiso se-phenol-amino (酚氨比): 0,17 — siphansi ngokweqile (kwamanye amatiye aluhlaza — 5–10 nangaphezulu). Lokhu kusho ukubusa ngokuphelele kokusha phezu komunyu — into engavamile.

• Izinto ezikhiphekayo emanzini: ≥43,3% — ukukhipheka okuphezulu, umvubelo «ogcwele».

• Amavithamini: I-Vitamin C (i-ascorbic acid), i-B₁ (i-thiamine), i-B₂ (i-riboflavin), i-P (i-routine), ama-carotenoid. Izinga lamavithamini emithini yasentwasahlobo emaphezulwini ngokuvamile liphezulu kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zetiye.

• Amaminerali: I-Potassium (K), i-phosphorus (P), i-magnesium (Mg), i-calcium (Ca), i-manganese (Mn), i-iron (Fe), i-zinc (Zn), i-fluoride (F).

• Amafutha emvelo: Ama-alcohol e-terpene (i-linalool, i-geraniol), anesibopho sephunga elihlanzekile le-castanea nezimbali.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

• Umsebenzi onamandla wokulwa nokuxhopha. Ama-polyphenol (29,98%) aqothula ama-radical amahhala, ehlisa ukucindezeleka nge-oxidative. Ama-catechin (ikakhulukazi i-EGCG) — angamanye ama-antioxidant emvelo anamandla kakhulu.

• Umphumela oqabulayo ogqamile. I-caffeine (6,78%) ihlanganiswe ne-L-theanine inikeza amandla azinzile «ahlanzekile» — ngaphandle kokukhathazeka nokwehla kwe-«caffeine». Umphumela uchazwa ngokuthi «ukuvuka okunokuqonda».

• Ukusekela isimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ama-catechin anomthelela ekwehliseni izinga le-LDL-cholesterol, ekugcineni ukunwebeka kwezindonga zemithambo nasekulinganiseni umfutho wegazi.

• Ukusekela izinqubo zomzimba. Ama-polyphenol avula inqubo yamafutha, anomthelela ekushiseni. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwetiye eliluhlaza kuhlotshaniswa nokuthuthuka kwezinkomba zesisindo somzimba.

• Umthelela wokuvikela isimiso sokuzivikela. Ama-amino acid (5,15%) nama-polyphenol ngokuhlanganyela avuselele ukusabela komzimba. I-L-theanine ikhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-γ-interferon.

• Imisebenzi yokuqonda. I-L-theanine inyusa izinga lama-alpha wave ebuchosheni, isiza ukugxila nokucabanga okunobuciko. I-caffeine ithuthukisa isivinini sokusabela nenkumbulo yokusebenza.

• Impilo yomlomo. I-fluoride nama-catechin avimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane abangelayo, anomthelela ekuvikeleni ukuwohloka kwamazinyo nasekuciniseni uqweqwe lwawo.

• Umthelela wokuvikela izinzwa. I-EGCG ne-L-theanine zikhomba kucwaningo amandla okuvikela amangqamuzana ezinzwa emonakalweni we-oxidative.

9. Ukuphisa:

• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C. Ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu (一芽, umqotho owodwa) — 75°C, ukuze kungashi imiqotho emincane futhi kugcinwe izinwele.

• Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml (isilinganiso 1:50).

• Ithuluzi: Ingilazi ende yengilazi (玻璃杯) — ilungele ukubuka ukuvuleka kwe-«ingwegwe-ndilinga» (inqubo enobuhle: iziphethu eziqinile ziyavuleka kancane, «ziphila» emanzini). I-gaiwan yobumba elimhlophe (盖碗) — yokulawula ngokuqondile ukukhishwa.

• Inqubo:

  1. Ukushisa ithuluzi ngamanzi abilayo, ukuchitha amanzi.
  2. Thela 3 g yetiye.
  3. «Indlela yokuthelela okuphakathi» (中投法, zhōng tóu fǎ): Thela 1/3 yomthamo ngamanzi (80°C) → vumela itiye limanzi ~idigri elingu-1 → engeza amanzi kuze kufinyelele ku-7/10 womthamo.
  4. Ukuphisa kokuqala — imizuzu engu-3.
  5. Kumelana nezikhathi eziphisayo ezingokugcwele ezingu-3.

10. Ukugcinwa:

• Ithango: Elivalekile — izikhwama ze-foil ezingenalutho, amathanga ensimbi anesembozo esiqinile. Gwema izitsha ezibonakala ngaphakathi.
• Izinga lokushisa: Isikhenkezisi, 0–5°C. Ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside — isikhenkezisi esiqandayo (−18°C) ngomphako ophindwe kabili ongenalutho.
• Izitha zetiye: Umswakama, ukukhanya, iphunga langaphandle, umoya-mpilo, ukushisa.
• Isikhathi: Izinyanga ezingu-12 kusukela ngosuku lokukhiqiza uma izimo zitholakala. Lapho kukhishwa esikhenkezisini, vumela umphako ufinyelele ezingeni lokushisa legumbi ngaphambi kokuwuvula.

11. Intengo Nemikhinyabezi:

• Ibanga lentengo (2024):

  • Eliphakeme kakhulu (特级): umqotho owodwa — kusukela ku-2800 yuan nge-500 g (míngqiánchá, 明前茶, ukuvuna kuka-Qingming ngaphambili).
  • Elokuqala (一级): umqotho owodwa + iqabunga elilodwa — 800–1200 yuan nge-500 g.
  • Elesibili (二级): inqwaba — 200–500 yuan nge-500 g.

• Izinto ezibhekele intengo: Izinga lezinto zokusebenza, isikhathi sokuvuna (i-míngqiánchá — eyigugu), ukubumba okwenziwe ngesandla ngokuphelele (ubuchwepheshe be-«环钩定形» abunciki kumshini), ukuphakama kokuvuna.

• Ungawagwema kanjani umkhinyabezi:

  • Thenga itiye elinophawu lwendawo yokuvela «玲珑绿茶» kanye nesitifiketi sendabuko.
  • Isici esibalulekile sobuqiniso — izingwegwe-ndilinga eziqinile (环钩), hhayi imitapo eqondile. Uma amacembe eqondile — akulona iLínglóng Chá.
  • Izinwele ezesiliva (银毫) kufanele zibe ziningi futhi zilinganiswe kahle — isibonakaliso sokucubungula ngesandla.
  • Umvubelo — ophuzi-luhlaza, ohlanzekile, ngaphandle kokungahlu-ngi. Iphunga — elihlanzekile, le-castanea, ngaphandle kwamaphunga abolile noma amuncu.
  • Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo (engaphansi kuka-100 yuan nge-500 g «yezinga eliphakeme kakhulu») — isici esiqinisekile somgunyathi.

12. Izimfihlakalo Ezithakazelisayo:

• «Ingwegwe-ndilinga» — ukuphela komumo emhlabeni. Phakathi kwamakhulu ezinhlobo zetiye eliluhlaza laseShayina, umumo we-«huángōu» (环钩) — ingwegwe eqinile esontekile, evaleleke ibe yindilinga — awutholakali nakwelinye itiye. Lo mumo ufezeka kuphela «ngokuhlikihla kokuphindisela emuva ngezandla ezimbili» futhi ngokomthethweni awukwazi ukwenziwa ngomshini.

• Inganekwane ka-«Nkulunkulukazi Wentaba». U-«Shānmǔ Xiān» (山母仙) ehhashini lakhe wafundisa abantu bendawo ubuciko betiye ngobusuku obubodwa. «Indishi Yamahhashi» (马归槽) esicongweni sentaba — umgodi edwaleni, ogcwele amanzi unyaka wonke, — uhlonishwa njengobufakazi obuphathekayo benganekwane.

• Irekhodi le-Guinness ngama-ion amabi. Isifunda saseGuìdōng siqinisekiswe yiKomidi LeShanghai Lika-«Da Shijie Jinisi» njenge-«sifunda esinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lama-ion amabi emoyeni». Lesi yisenzakalo esiyivelakancane lapho indawo yetiye iqinisekiswa irekhodi lomhlaba wezemvelo.

• 82% ihlathi — okuphezulu eHunan. IGuìdōng — isifunda «esiluhlaza» kunazo zonke esifundazweni. Isikhungo sesifunda sisezingeni elingu-840 m — esiphakeme kakhulu eHunan.

• 5,15% ama-amino acid, isilinganiso se-phenol-amino 0,17. Elinye lamatiye aluhlaza «ama-amino acid» amaningi eShayina. Isilinganiso 酚氨比 = 0,17 sisho ukuthi ukusha kubusa ngokuphelele phezu komunyu — ipharamitha eqhathaniseka ne-gyokuro yaseJapan (玉露), etshalwe ngaphansi komthunzi ojulile.

• Umxaka we-SGS ongu-481 wokuhlola — «konke kuhlanzekile». Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamazinga e-EU, yonke imixhakaphakhi engu-481 yezibulala-zinambuzane nezinto ezingcolile yabonisa umphumela othi «akutholakali» — okuwukuphela kwento etholakale, amaprotheni nama-amino acid «ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kwelayisi». Lo mphumela waba yisisekelo sokuthekelisa iLínglóng Chá emakethe zaseYurophu.

• Itiye lomshado. Isifunda saseGuìdōng — ngesinye sezifunda ezimbalwa zaseShayina, lapho itiye lisasetshenziswa emicimbini yomshado njengomnikelo wesiko: «Itiye nosawoti ngesikhathi sokuthembisana kufanekisela isifungo sezintaba nezilwandle». Isiko, elibhalwe emibhalweni yomlando waseQing, lisaphila noma kungu-21st century.

• I-Caffeine 6,78% — iphakeme kunamatiye amaningi aluhlaza. Ngezinga elijwayelekile elingu-2–4% lamatiye aluhlaza, iLínglóng ikhombisa izinga le-caffeine eliqhathaniseka namanye amatiye abomvu. Lokhu kwenza kube ngelinye lamatiye aluhlaza «aqabulayo» kakhulu eShayina.

13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

• Nányuè Yúnwùchá (南岳云雾茶, Hunan). Womabili — amatiye aluhlaza asezintabeni eziphakeme zaseHunan. I-Yúnwùchá — umumo oyisiphethu noma oyisicaba, iphunga le-castanea-orchid, elihlobene «nentaba engcwele» iHéngshān. ILínglóng — umumo oyingqayizivele we-«ingwegwe». I-Yúnwùchá — ama-amino acid ~3,5%, iLínglóng — 5,15%. I-Yúnwùchá — yaziwa kakhulu ngokomlando (i-«gongcha» yaseTang); iLínglóng — iqinisekiswe ngokwemvelo kakhudlwana.

• Jūnshān Yínzhēn (君山银针, Hunan). Ngokomumo — itiye eliphuzi, kodwa ngokuvamile liqhathaniswa namatiye aluhlaza aseHunan. I-Yínzhēn — imiqotho engasodwa, umumo oqondile, «ukuhluma» (闷黄) kunikeza ubumnene. ILínglóng — «izingwegwe», ngaphandle kokuhluma, kusha futhi kuqabula kakhudlwana ngenxa ye-caffeine ephezulu (6,78%).

• Ānjí Báichá (安吉白茶, Zhejiang). Omunye «ompetha» wama-amino acid (~6–7%). Umumo oyisicaba, ukunambitheka obumnene. Umehluko: I-Ānjí — imbewu e-albhino ethi «Bái Yè Yī Hào» (白叶一号), iLínglóng — uhlobo lwendawo; iLínglóng inama-polyphenol aphezulu (29,98% vs. ~12–14% ku-Ānjí) ne-caffeine (6,78% vs. ~2,5%); i-Ānjí — «ilula» futhi «inamanzi» kakhudlwana, iLínglóng — «iginjile» futhi iqine kakhudlwana.

• Bìluóchūn (碧螺春, Jiangsu). Nayo inomumo oyisiphethu, kodwa owehlukile: i-Bìluóchūn — iziphethu eziqinile ezinezinwele, iLínglóng — «izingwegwe-ndilinga». I-Bìluóchūn — iphunga lezithelo nezimbali (ukutshalwa ndawonye nezihlahla zezithelo), iLínglóng — i-castanea. Zombili zihlonishwa kakhulu, kodwa i-Bìluóchūn — wuphawu olwaziwa kazwelonke «olwamatiye amakhulu ayishumi», iLínglóng — yisifunda.

• Píngwǔ Lǜchá (平武绿茶, Sichuan). Womabili — asezintabeni eziphakeme, anama-amino acid angamarekhodi (≥5%). I-Píngwǔ — indawo ene-selenium-zinc, «umlilo we-Yin-yang» ngokhuni lwephayini; iLínglóng — imvelo ye-Guinness, umumo oyingqayizivele we-«ingwegwe». Ukuqina: i-Píngwǔ — 5–7 ukuphisa, iLínglóng — 3. Womabili — «amagugu afihliwe» esiko letiye lesifunda.

Ekuphetheni:

ILínglóng Lǜchá — itiye elinomumo ongafani naluphi olunye itiye eliluhlaza emhlabeni: izingwegwe-ndilinga eziqinile, ezakhiwe «ngokuhlikihla kokuphindisela emuva ngezandla ezimbili» — ubuchwepheshe obungenziwa ngomshini futhi obudluliselwe kubantu, ngokusho kwenganekwane, ngu-«Nkulunkulukazi Wentaba» ehhashini lakhe. 5,15% ama-amino acid, isilinganiso se-phenol-amino 0,17, 82% ihlathi, irekhodi le-Guinness ngama-ion amabi, nama-yuan angu-2800 nge-500 g we-míngqiánchá — konke lokhu kwenza iLínglóng Lǜchá ibe ngelinye lamatiye aluhlaza angajwayelekile nalenani elikhulu eHunan. Itiye lalabo abafuna umumo, ukunambitheka, nomlando ongatholakali kwenye indawo.