Jiǔqū Hóng Méi · new.thetea.app

Jiǔqū Hóng Méi iwukuphela kwetiye elibomvu phakathi kwamanye amashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili amatiye adumile esifundazweni saseZhejiang, elithole igama lesidlaliso eliyisibongo elithi “ichashaza elilodwa elibomvu olwandle oluluhlaza” (万绿丛中一点红). Le gongfu hongcha enomlando ocishe ube yiminyaka engamakhulu amabili yazalwa lapho kuhlangana isiko letiye elibomvu laseFujian kanye ne-terroir ehlukile yasentshonalanga maphakathi neHangzhou. Amacembe etiye ayo acoliseke kakhulu, agebezele njengezingwegwe zokudoba, ukunambitheka okumbomvu okunsundu nephunga elikhumbuza ukuqhakaza kwe-plum ebomvu i-meihua, kwenze lwaba uphawu lwamasiko etiye e-West Lake kanye ne-Longjing enkulu.

1. Izigaba Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu laseShayina (红茶, hóngchá), elenziwe i-oxidized ngokuphelele (elibilisiwe).
Isigaba: I-gongfu hongcha (工夫红茶, gōngfū hóngchá) — itiye elibomvu lendabuko lokucubungula ngobunyoninco. Iyingxenye ye-historic famous teas of China (历史名茶). Iwukuphela kwetiye elibomvu ohlwini lwamatiye ayishumi adumile ase-Hangzhou “ayisishiyagalolunye aluhlaza, elilodwa elibomvu” (九绿一红).
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Zhejiang (浙江省, Zhèjiāng shěng), idolobha lase-Hangzhou (杭州市, Hángzhōu shì), isifunda sase-Xihu (西湖区, Xīhú qū), idolobhana lase-Shuangpu (双浦镇, Shuāngpǔ zhèn). Imizana ekhiqiza kakhulu: i-Hubu (湖埠), i-Shuangling (双灵), i-Zhangyu (张余), i-Fengjia (冯家), i-Lingshan (灵山), i-Shejing (社井), i-Renqiao (仁桥), i-Shangyang (上阳), i-Xiayang (下阳). Itiye lekhwalithi ephezulu ngokwendabuko uthathwa njengevela eNtabeni i-Da’ao (大坞山) emzaneni wase-Hubu.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: cishe u-30°10′ N, 120°05′ E (isifunda sase-Shuangpu, eningizimu-ntshonalanga maphakathi ne-Hangzhou, osebeni loMfula i-Qiantang).

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi yasungulwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Emperor Tongzhi we-Qing Dynasty (清同治年间, 1862–1874), okungukuthi umlando wayo wokukhiqiza ungeminyaka ecishe ibe yikhulu namashumi amahlanu kuya kwamakhulu amabili. Ukwavela kwetiye kuhlobene ne-Taiping Rebellion (太平天国, 1850–1864): lapho izempi zihlasela isifunda sase-Wuyi eFujian, imindeni eyishumi nantathu yabalimi betiye babalekela enyakatho bahlala esigodini sase-Da’ao — idolobhana lase-Shuangpu lanamuhla. Bagawula amathafa ezintaba, batshala izihlahla zetiye, futhi besebenzisa ulwazi lwabo lokukhiqiza itiye elibomvu, baqala ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo omusha ngezinto zokusetshenziswa zendawo. Kancane kancane ubuchwepheshe bazivumelanisa ne-terroir, futhi kwalokho kwazalwa itiye elibomvu eliyingqayizivele — i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi.

Itiye lazuza ukuqashelwa ngokushesha. Ngo-1886 lathola indondo yegolide embukisweni wamazwe ngamazwe wokudla wasePanama. Ngo-1915 — igolide embukisweni womhlaba wasePanama (巴拿马万国博览会). Ngo-1926 — umklomelo we-Philadelphia World Expo. Ngo-1928 — umklomelo okhethekile we-China National Goods Exhibition eShanghai, lapho “ingcwele yetiye” yeNkathi Entsha u-Wu Juenong (吴觉农, Wú Juénóng) ebhala embikweni wakhe wobungcweti: “Itiye elibomvu lase-Hangzhou lihle kakhulu ngombala, iphunga nokunambitheka, okudabukisayo ukuthi intengo iphakeme kakhulu.” Ngo-1929 itiye lazuza umklomelo okhethekile wokuqala we-Xihu Expo (首届西湖博览会) futhi lafakwa ohlwini lwamatiye ayishumi adumile e-China angaleso sikhathi.

Ngemuva kokuhlala kwamaJapan e-Hangzhou ngo-1937, ukukhiqizwa kwehla. Amasimende etiye ashada, kwathi ngesikhathi sokusungulwa kwe-PRC isifunda sasisesimweni esibucayi kakhulu. Eminyakeni yama-1950–60 ukuvuselelwa kwahleleka kancane: abalimi bahlela imifelandawonye, bamukela izinhlobo ezintsha kanye nokusebenzisa imishini. Kodwa-ke, ngeminyaka yama-1990, ngemuva kwempumelelo enkulu ye-Sihu Longjing, iziphathimandla zendawo zenza inqubomgomo “yokuguqula kusuka kokubomvu kuya kokuluhlaza” (以红改绿), futhi i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi yacishe yanyamalala. Ukuvuselelwa kwaqala ngeminyaka yama-2000: ngo-2000 uphawu lwentengiso lwabhaliswa, ngo-2003 kwatholwa isitifiketi “somkhiqizo oluhlaza wase-Zhejiang”, kwathi ngo-2006 nango-2009 ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bafakwa ohlwini lwamagugu angewona okuphilayo ase-Hangzhou nase-Zhejiang ngokulandelana. Ngo-2016 i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi yanikezwa njengetiye elisemthethweni lengqungquthela ye-G20 e-Hangzhou, kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi — engqungqutheleni yesithathu neyesine ye-World Internet Conference e-Wuzhen (2016, 2017).
Igama: Igama liqukethe izingxenye ezintathu ezinamazwi. “Jiǔqū” (九曲) — “amajiko ayisishiyagalolunye” — libhekise kanye kumfudlana odumile i-Jiuquxi (九曲溪) ezintabeni zase-Wuyi, lapho kwavela abasunguli betiye, kanye nasemfuleni oyigwegwe oguqukayo “wamajiko ayisishiyagalolunye namagobile ayishumi nesishiyagalombili” (九曲十八弯) esifundeni sase-Da’ao. “Hóng” (红) — “obomvu” — kukhomba uhlobo lwetiye. “Méi” (梅) — “iplamu i-meihua” — kuhlotshaniswa ngephunga eliyisici, elikhumbuza ukuqhakaza kwe-plum ebomvu. Itiye laziwa nangamagama omlando: i-Jiuqu Hong (九曲红), i-Jiuqu Wulong (九曲乌龙) ne-Longjing Hong (龙井红).
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: Umfundisi ongumBuddha nodumile nomdwebi wamagama u-Hongyi (弘一法师, Hóngyī fǎshī), owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi u-Li Shutong (李叔同), wadumisa leli tiye ngemigqa ethi: “Enkomishini ye-jade emhlophe — umbala we-agate, ezindebeni ezibomvu nangaphansi kolimi — iphunga le-meihua” (白玉杯中玛瑙色，红唇舌底梅花香). I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi kanye ne-Xihu Longjing kwakha umbhangqwana oyinsumansumane “elilodwa elibomvu, elilodwa eluhlaza” (一红一绿) yesiko letiye laseWest Lake, okumelela ukugcwala nokulingana kwesiko letiye lase-Hangzhou.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:

Izinhlobo / I-cultivar: Kusetshenziswa kakhulu uhlobo lwendawo lwezinhlobo ezixubile (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng) Camellia sinensis var. sinensis — yileso silo sezihlahla ezisetshenziswa njengetiye le-Sihu Longjing. Lolu uhlobo lwesihlahlana esinamaqabunga amancane naphakathi nendawo (灌木型中小叶种), olumile, olunamandla okuhluma aphakathi nendawo. Amaqabunga ayi-oblong-elliptic, amahlumela namaqabunga amancane anombala ophuzi-luhlaza, anoboya obuningi. Isisindo samahlumela ayikhulu anamaqabunga amathathu — cishe u-71 g. Isitshalo sibonakala ngokumelana neqhwa kanye nokukhula okunamandla kwamahlumela.
Ukuvuna: Isikhathi esihle sokuvuna — kusondele ngesizini ye-Guyu (谷雨, “Izimvula Zokusanhlamvu”, ngokuvamile umhla zingama-20 kuMbasa), okuyisikhathi eside kancane kunesika-Longjing. Into ethakazelisayo ukuthi, ngokungafani namatiye amaningi, ukuthi i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi ngokushesha kakhulu, ukuvuna kwe-Qingming kuthathwa njengokungelona elihle kakhulu — ukukhula kweqabunga okulungile kufinyelela ngesikhathi se-Guyu..
Izinga lokuvuna: Ihlumela elilodwa namaqabunga amabili esigabeni sokuvuleka kokuqala (一芽二叶初展, yī yá èr yè chū zhǎn). Iqabunga akufanele libe lincane kakhulu noma libe likhulu — yilesi silinganiso sokukhula esinika ukulingana kwephunga nomzimba okuyisici.
Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa: Iqabunga eliphelele, elihlanzekile ngaphandle komonakalo neziqu ezinkulu. Ukubambezeleka okuncane kakhulu kuvunyelwe phakathi kokuqoqwa nokuqala ukucubungula. Emabesheni amahle kakhulu, amahlumela akhethwa ezihlahleni zetiye ezindala ezineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ubudala.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokutshala:

Ukwakheka komhlaba nendawo: Indawo yokukhiqiza isesigodini sase-Da’ao (大坞盆地), sizungezwe izintaba eziphansi. Ukwakheka komhlaba “wamajiko ayisishiyagalolunye namagobile ayishumi nesishiyagalombili” kudala izindawo eziningi ezincane zesimo sezulu. Ngasempumalanga le ndawo ivaleleke ngoMfula i-Qiantang (钱塘江), okuphuma kuwona ukuhwamuka okwenza amafu ahlale enkungwini ezikhathini zasekuseni nakusihlwa.
Ukuphakama okutshalwa kukhona: ukusuka ku-100 kuya ku-500 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Amasimende amahle kakhulu atholakala emithambekeni yeNtaba i-Da’ao.
Izinga lokushisa lonyaka omaphakathi: cishe u-16–17°C. Isimo sezulu esishintshayo se-subtropical monsoon, ebusika obumnene nasehlobo elifudumele nelinomswakama.
Imvula: cishe u-1400–1500 mm ngonyaka, kunomswakama ophakeme kakhulu.
Inhlabathi:inhlabathi enesihlabathi ene-acidic (沙质土壤, pH 4.5–5.5), evundile, ekhishwa kahle amanzi. Izintaba ezizungezile zimbozwe ihlathi eliminyene, elivikela amasimende etiye emimoyeni futhi linikeze ukukhanya okusabalalisiwe.
Imvelo: Ngo-2008 idolobhana lase-Shuangling, eliyingxenye yendawo yokukhiqiza, lathola isikhundla “se-Jiangnan Ecology Chai Village” (江南生态茶村), okuqinisekisa ikhwalithi evelele yemvelo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi ikhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe be-gongfu hongcha bendabuko, okuhlanganisa izigaba ezine eziyinhloko. Isici esihlukile — ukufeza umumo omuhle kakhulu, ogobile wamacembe, okudinga ikhono elikhethekile lokusonta nokulawula ngokucophelela ukuvutshelwa.

Ukubuna (萎凋, wěidiāo): Iqabunga elisanda kukhiwa landalaliswa ngodwebo oluncane emathreyi omhlanga. Phakathi nokubuna, iqabunga lilahlekelwa umswakama ngokulinganayo, izindonga zamangqamuzana ziyathamba, ukucindezelwa kwe-turger kuyehla. Ukunuka kwe-herbaceous okubabayo kuyehla, futhi iqabunga lithola ukunwebeka okudingekayo ukuze lisonteke ngaphandle kokonakala. Ubude besikhathi buxhomeke ezingeni lokushisa nasemswakameni womoya.
Ukusonta (揉捻, róuniǎn): Iqabunga elibunile lensontwa ngomshini, kuphulwe isakhiwo samangqamuzana futhi kuphume ijusi lamaseli phezulu. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho kumiswa khona umumo odumile “wokudoba” we-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi: amacembe amahle, asontekile, afana nezingwegwe zesiliva, akwazi ukuhlangana abe imiqhele. Ukusonta kuphinde kuqinisekise ukusatshalaliswa okulinganayo kwama-enzyme ukuze kufakwe i-oxidation elandelayo. Phakathi kokusonta, kwenziwa “ukuhlukanisa izigaxa” (搓散, cuōsàn) — ukuhlukaniswa kwamaqabunga anamekile.
Ukuvutshelwa / i-Oxidation (发酵, fājiào): Isigaba esibalulekile, esinquma umbala, ukunambitheka nephunga letiye elibomvu. Iqabunga elisontiwe libekwa ezimweni ezifanele zokushisa (ngokuvamile 25–30°C) kanye nomswakama. Ngaphansi kwesenzo se-polyphenol oxidase, ama-catechin ayakhiwa, aguquke abe yi-theaflavin ne-thearubigin. Iqabunga lishintsha umbala kancane kancane lisuka kokuluhlaza liye kokusagolide nokho-okubomvu, kube nokuvela kwephunga eliqhakazile nekisiwe. Ngokwendabuko kwasetshenziswa izindlela zokuvutshelwa kwemvelo; amapulazi anamuhla asebenzisa amagumbi okuzenzakalela ngokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama.
**Ukomisa (干燥, gānzào): Kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Owokuqala — “umlilo wokuqala” (毛火, máo huǒ): ukomisa ngokushesha ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze kungasebenzi ama-enzyme nokumisa i-oxidation. Owesibili — “umlilo owanele” (足火, zú huǒ): ukomisa kancane ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi ukuze kukhishwe umswakama ngokuphelele nokuveza iphunga. Kungalesi sigaba “somlilo owanele” lapho kwakhiwa inothi eliyisici, elikhumbuza iphunga elincane le-resin kaphayini nobumnandi boju.
Ukuhlukaniswa (分级, fēnjí): Itiye eli-ready liyasihlwa futhi lihlukaniswe ngamaqembu. Amaqoqo alinganayo, afanayo ane-tip yesikhumba esiningi ayakhethwa.

6. Izici Zokuqonda (Organoleptic):

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Ikhadi le-business le-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — umumo walo oyingqayizivele. Amacembe amahle kakhulu, njengoboya, asontekile kakhulu abe amajiko amahle, akhumbuza izingwegwe zokudoba noma amakiniki esiliva; uma ebambeka ngesandla ayahanguka, akhe “amagaqa” ayimisesane. Umbala — mnyama, onamafutha-mnyama ngokucwebezela kwemvelo (乌润), umbozwe kakhulu ngemicu yoboya obusagolide (金毫).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Linothile, linezendlayela eziningi: amanothi agqamile oju ne-caramel, okulandela kuwo umbala oqhakazile, okhumbuza iphunga lokuqhakaza kweplamu ebomvu (meihua). Kumatikithi aphezulu kukhona inothi elincane le-orchid (兰花香) nephunga elincane, elincane kakhulu le-resin kaphayini.
Iphunga lokunambitheka: Liphezulu futhi liqinile, lihlanganisa ubumnandi boju, ukuqhakaza kweplamu ebomvu kanye nama-nuances ezithelo ezivuthiwe. Iphunga livela ngamaza amaningana: ukucwiliswa kokuqala — inothi eliqhakazile eliqhakazile; okuphakathi — ubumnandi obufudumele boju ne-caramel; okokugcina — ubumnandi obuthambile bezinkuni.
Ukunambitheka: Kunamandla futhi kunothile, nobumnandi obugqamile bemvelo kanye nokwakheka “kwe-velvet”. Ekunambithekeni kuyezwakala amanothi oju oluvuthiwe, izithelo ezibomvu kanye ne-caramel. Ubumnandi obubabayo buthambile futhi bujabulisa, busuka ngokushesha bube ukunambitheka kwe-afternandi (回甘, huígān). Amaqoqo amahle kakhulu abonisa “ukulondolozwa kwe-guiyuan” (桂圆汤味) okuyisici — ubumnandi obuyindilinga, obukhumbuza i-longan.
Umbala wokunambitheka: Okubomvu ngokugqamile, okucwebezelayo, okusobala nokuhlanzekile, nomphetho osagolide oyisici onqenqemeni lwenkomishi (金圈, jīnquān) — uphawu lokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-theaflavin kanye nenkomba yekhwalithi.
Amacembe etiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe): Okubomvu ngokugqamile, okulungiswe ngokulinganayo, amaqabunga athambile, aphelele, avuleka ngokomumo “wezimbali” ezincane (红艳成朵). Kumamaki aphezulu — athambile, anwebekayo, ngokucwebezela okubonakalayo.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

I-Polyphenol: Okuqukethwe yi-tea polyphenols ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo — cishe u-25.6% (ngokomile). Phakathi nokuvutshelwa okuphelele, ingxenye enkulu yama-catechin iguqulwa ibe yi-theaflavin (茶黄素, cháhuángsù) ne-thearubigin (茶红素, cháhóngsù), okwakha umbala obomvu wokunambitheka, ukuthamba “kwe-velvet” kanye nomphetho osagolide. Isilinganiso se-theaflavin ku-thearubigin — inkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi: uma ingxenye ye-theaflavin iphezulu, yilapho ukunambitheka kugqamile futhi “kuphilile”. Okuqukethwe okuphelele kwemikhiqizo ye-oxidation ye-polyphenol — u-5–15% wesisindo esomile.
Ama-amino acid: Okuqukethwe okuphelele — cishe u-3.5%, okuphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa netiye elibomvu. I-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸) inika ubumnandi bemvelo, ukunambitheka okuthambile “nokusha” (鲜爽感). Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid kuhlotshaniswa nezinto ezisemgangathweni zokusebenza zohlobo lwezihlahla zase-Longjing.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine (咖啡碱) — 2–4% wesisindo esomile, enikeza umphumela wokukhuphula amandla. I-theobromine ne-theophylline ziba khona ngamanani amancane, zenezele umphumela wokuthambisa.
Ama-catechin: Okuqukethwe okuphelele kwama-catechin ezintweni zokuqala — cishe u-11.3%. Ngemuva kokuvutshelwa, ingxenye enkulu iyaguquka, kodwa ama-catechin asele agcina amandla e-antioxidant.
Imixube yamakha evuthayo: Izakhi eziyinhloko zephunga — i-linalool (芳樟醇, fāngzhāngchún), i-geraniol (香叶醇, xiāngyèchún), i-benzaldehyde, i-phenylacetaldehyde ne-methyl salicylate. Inhlanganisela yazo yileyo eyakha iphrofayili yephunga “ye-meihua-uju”.
Amavithamini: Amavithamini C (acekelwa phansi kancane ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa), B₁, B₂, P (rutin), PP (nicotinic acid).
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-fluoride, i-selenium.

8. Izakhiwo Ezifanele:

Umphumela wokuthambisa nokwengqondo: Inhlanganisela ye-caffeine ne-L-theanine inika amandla amahle, azinzile ngaphandle kokukhuphuka okubukhali, ithuthukisa ukugxila kanye nesivinini sokusabela.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Antioxidant: I-Theaflavin, i-thearubigin kanye nama-catechin asele anciphisa ama-radical mahhala, ehlisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kwamangqamuzana.
Ukusekela ukugaya: I-tea polyphenols nama-organic acid ashukumisa kancane ukukhiqizwa kwejusi yesisu kanye ne-motility ye-GI, kwenze kube lula ukugaya ukudla okunamafutha. Itiye elibomvu elifudumele lilungele isisu.
Ukusekela inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ngokocwaningo, ukusetshenziswa okulingene njalo kwetiye elibomvu kungasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-LDL cholesterol nokwenza ngcono ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi.
Umphumela wokulwa namagciwane: I-Polyphenol ivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane athile angamagciwane, okusiza ekusekeleni amasosha omzimba nempilo yomlomo.
Umphumela wokufudumala: Itiye elibomvu ngokwendabuko lithathwa “njengelifudumele” ngokwemvelo (性温) ku-dietetics yaseShayina futhi liyanconywa kubantu “abomzimba obandayo”, ngesikhathi sasekwindla sasebusika kanye nokubuyisela amandla.
Inhlala-kahle engokomzwelo: I-L-theanine inomphumela omncane we-anxiolytic, kanti iphunga elifudumele nelimnandi le-meihua linomphumela wokuphumula wezinzwa.

9. Ukuphisa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95°C. Ebhathini elithambile kakhulu lasentwasahlobo elinama-tips amaningi, lingehla liye ku-85–90°C.
Inani letiye: 4–5 g nge-100–120 ml (indlela ye-gongfu); 2–3 g nge-200–250 ml (ukuncishiswa enkomishini noma indlela yaseYurophu).
Isitsha: Igaywani yobumba elimhlophe (盖碗) enomthamo we-100–120 ml — ilungele ukuveza iphunga nokubuka umbala wokunambitheka. Igobolondo le-porcelain nalo liyasebenza. Ingilazi esobala ivumela ukujabulela “umdanso” wamaqabunga amahle. Emaqoqweni ajiyile avuthiwe, igobolondo le-Yixing lobumba oluhlaza okotshani liyasebenza.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza i-gaiwan noma i-teapot ngamanzi abilayo, wothule amanzi.
2. Thela itiye, uzamise isitsha ukuze ukushisa kuveze iphunga leqabunga elomile — uphefumulele futhi ubone.
3. Ukugeza (润茶): ngokuzikhethela — ukucwiliswa okusheshayo kwemizuzwana eyi-1–2 “ukuvusa” iqabunga.
4. Ukucwiliswa kokuqala: thela amanzi, unciphise imizuzwana emi-5–8, uwakhiphele ku-chahai (公道杯).
5. Ukucwiliswa okulandelayo: yengeza isikhathi ngemizuzwana emi-3–5 ngakho konke ukucwiliswa.
6. Inani lokucwiliswa: 6–8 ukulungiswa okugcwele kwetiye lekhwalithi; amaqoqo amahle kakhulu amelana afike kwayi-10.
7. Ngendlela yaseYurophu: 2–3 g ngenkomishi engu-200 ml, ukuncishiswa imizuzu emi-3–4.

10. Ukugcinwa:

I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — itiye elivuthwe ngokuphelele, okuyiqinisekisa ukuzinza okuhle lapho ligcinwa, kodwa kudinga ukulandelwa kwemithetho eyisisekelo. Itiye kufanele ligcinwe esitsheni esivaleke kahle (isikhwama se-aluminium ngaphakathi kwethini noma ibhakede le-tin), elivikelwe ekukhanyeni, emswakameni nasemakheni angaphandle. Izinga lokushisa elifanele — 10–25°C; ukugcinwa esiqandisini akuyona into efunwayo futhi akunconywa. Isikhathi sokugcina ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele — izinyanga ezingu-18–24; ngalesi sikhathi itiye ligcina ukusha nokugqama kwephunga. Amanye amaqoqo ajiyile anezinga eliphezulu lokosa athuthuka lapho “evuthwa” kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-3: iphunga liba lijule, ukunambitheka kube yindilinga. Ngemuva kokuvula iphakethe, kunconywa ukusebenzisa itiye phakathi nezinyanga ezi-2–3.

11. Intengo Nemikhohlisi:

Ububanzi bentengo ye-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi bubanzi kakhulu. Izindleko ezilinganiselwe emakethe yangaphakathi yaseShayina: izinga elikhethekile (特级) — kusukela ku-700 yuan nge-500 g, izinga lokuqala (一级) — cishe ama-yuan angu-400, izinga lesibili (二级) — cishe ama-yuan angu-250. Intengo ithonywa: i-terroir (itiye elivela eNtabeni i-Da’ao libaluleke kakhulu), isikhathi nezindinganiso zokuqoqa (ingxenye yama-tips), umsebenzi wezandla noma ukusebenza ngomshini, ubudala bezihlahla zetiye (izihlahla ezindala — ingxenye ephambili), izimo zomklomelo kanye nokunikezwa komkhiqizo.

Ungayigwema kanjani imikhohlisi:
1. Thenga kubaphakeli abathembekile abanemvelaphi eqinisekisiwe evela esifundeni sase-Shuangpu, e-Xihu.
2. Hlola ukwakheka: i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi yangempela inomumo omuhle “wegwegwe” oyingqayizivele, amaqabunga ahlangana lapho ebamba — ukulingisa lokhu kunzima.
3. Iphunga kufanele lihlanzekile, lihlonipheke, linamanothi e-meihua noju, ngaphandle kokushuba kwamakhemikhali noma ukubola.
4. Ukunambitheka — okubomvu ngokugqamile, okusobala, okunomphetho osagolide ogqamile; ukunambitheka okudungekile noma okufiphele kukhomba ikhwalithi ephansi.
5. Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo yeleveli “enomklomelo” noma “ekhethekile” — uphawu oluqinisekile lokushintshwa.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — ingelinye lamatiye abomvu ambalwa, okusetshenziswa kuwo izihlahla ezifanayo ezikhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza elidumile i-Xihu Longjing. Ngaleyo ndlela, “elilodwa elibomvu, elilodwa eluhlaza” (一红一绿) — la ngamatiye amabili avela esimendeni esisodwa, kodwa ngobuchwepheshe obuhluke kakhulu bokucubungula.
Emasikweni endabuko endawo asesifundeni sase-Lingshan kunenganekwane elihle: umfana ogama lingu-Adragon (阿龙, “I-Dragon Encane”) wagwinya ngengozi ubuhlalu obunomlingo wabe esephenduka udrago omnyama (乌龙). Engakwazi ukuhlukana nabazali bakhe, wagqolozela emuva kuwo wonke amajiko, wadlula umfudlana — kwalokho kwakheka umfula oguqukayo “wamajiko ayisishiyagalolunye”. Kamuva, itiye elibomvu elakhiqizwa osebeni lwawo lathola igama elithi “Jiuqu Wulong”, kwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi — “Jiuqu Hong Mei” — ngephunga elifana nokuqhakaza kweplamu.
Engqungqutheleni ye-G20 e-Hangzhou (2016) nasengqungqutheleni yesithathu neyesine ye-World Internet e-Wuzhen, leli tiye lakhethwa njengetiye elisemthethweni le-protocol, liletha itiye elibomvu lase-Hangzhou kubaholi bomhlaba.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi bufakwe ohlwini lwamagugu angewona okuphilayo ase-Zhejiang (2009), okuqinisa ukubaluleka kwalo njengomkhuba ophilayo wezandla.
Umfundisi ongumBuddha odumile nomfundisi u-Hongyi (Li Shutong, 1880–1942), ongomunye wabalingiswa abavelele besiko lase-republican China, washiya izigqi zezinkondlo ezinikezelwe kuleli tiye, ezaba “yikhadi layo le-business”.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye abomvu:

I-Zhengshan Xiaozhong (正山小种, Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng): Itiye elibomvu lase-Wuyi, eFujian — inzalo yomndeni wesiko, elanika impilo i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi. I-Xiaozhong, ikakhulukazi inguqulo ephumayo, ibonakala ngephunga eliqinile le-pine eliphumayo (松烟香) nomzimba ojiyile, onamafutha. I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — itiye elicacile kakhulu futhi “elinamakha”: iphunga layo lithambe kakhulu, umzimba walo ulula, futhi ukwakheka kweqabunga kuyingqayizivele.
I-Qi Hong (祁红, Qí Hóng) — i-Qimen Hongcha: Itiye elibomvu elidumile lase-Anhui. I-Qi Hong idume “ngephunga le-qimen” (祁门香) — eliyi-orchid-fruit, elinamanothi e-rose. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi, ukwakheka kweqabunga layo kujwayelekile (imigqa emincane, elinganayo), ukunambitheka — kuthambe futhi “kuncane uju”. I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi iyedlula ngokusobala kokubukeka kokwakheka, futhi ngephrofayili yephunga ihlose “i-meihua-honey” uma kuqhathaniswa “ne-rose-orchid” ye-Qi Hong.
I-Dianhong (滇红, Diānhóng): Itiye elibomvu lase-Yunnan elivela ezinhlotsheni zamaqabunga amakhulu Camellia sinensis var. assamica. I-Dianhong — inamandla, inomzimba ogcwele, inamanothi e-cocoa nezithelo ezomisiwe, namathiphu osagolide. I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — iyaphambana ngokuphelele ngomlingiswa: i-delicate, iyinkimbinkimbi, inokwakheka “kwesiliva” okuhle nokwakheka okulula okukhiqizwa ezinhlotsheni zamaqabunga amancane.
I-Jiuceng Shan Hongcha (九层山红茶): Itiye elibomvu lesimanje laseTaiwan, elikhiqizwa ezindaweni eziphakeme. Kubonakala ngobumnandi bezithelo obugqamile kanye “nokusha kwezintaba”, okuyisici sama-terroir aseTaiwan. I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — “ingokwendabuko” kakhulu ngokomlingiswa, igxile ephungeni le-meihua kanye nokusonteka kwenono.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi — itiye eliyindida: lazalwa ababaleki abavela e-Wuyi eyadlanga impi, lathola ubuso balo osebeni lwe-Qiantang, lasinda enkathini yokukhohlwa futhi labuyela esitebeleni somhlaba njenge-protocol drink yezingqungquthela ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe. Amacembe alo amahle, asontekile abe izipheths ezisiliva, ukunambitheka okumbomvu okunsundu okunomphetho osagolide, kanye nephunga elinezendlayela eziningi — kusukela egagasini lokuqala lokuqhakaza lwe-meihua kuze kube sekugcineni okufudumele okuyi-honey — kwakha isipiliyoni setiye esithambile futhi esijulile. Leli tiye lifaneleke kakhulu kulabo abazisa etiyeni elibomvu hhayi amandla nobulukhuni, kodwa ubuhle, ukuba yinkimbinkimbi, nomlando. Kanye nozakwethu ongunaphakade — i-Xihu Longjing eluhlaza — i-Jiǔqū Hóng Méi yakha umbhangqwana ohambisanayo, omelela ukugcwala kwesiko letiye lanamuhla le-Southern Song.