Jīngāng Bì Lǜ · new.thetea.app

I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ (金刚碧绿, jīngāng bì lǜ) itiye eliluhlaza laseChina elisentabeni ephakeme elenziwe ngendlela exubile yokucutshungulwa (烘炒型, hōngchǎo xíng), ekhiqizwa emithambekweni yeziqongo eziphakeme kakhulu zezintaba zase-Dabie — i-Jīngāng Tái — esifundeni sase-Shangcheng esifundazweni sase-Henan. Leli tiye, elakhiwa ngo-1984 ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-Longjing ne-Mao Jian, lihlanganisa ubuhle obuyisicaba nethuba elinamandla le-polyphenol lezinto eziphuma ezintabeni, futhi liyitiyeli lokuqala lase-Shangcheng elathola umklomelo wamazwe ngamazwe.

1. Izigaba Nendawo Yokudabuka:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingavutshelwanga. Ngokwendlela yokucutshungulwa, lingaphansi kohlobo oluxubile lwe-hongchao (烘炒型绿茶, hōngchǎo xíng lǜchá) — itiye eliluhlaza ekukhiqizweni kwalo kuhlanganiswa ukuthoswa nokomiswa ngomoya oshisayo (ngomlilo wamalahle).
Isigaba: Amatiye aluhlaza aqanjwe ngegama lomuntu e-Henan; ummeleli wesiko le-Xinyang Mao Jian (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān). Lingamukelekile ohlelweni lwamatiye e-“Shangcheng Gaoshan Cha” (商城高山茶) — amatiye asezintabeni eziphakeme esifunda sase-Shangcheng.
Indawo yokudabuka: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Henan (河南省, Hénán Shěng), idolobha lase-Xinyang (信阳市, Xìnyáng Shì), isifunda sase-Shangcheng (商城县, Shāngchéng Xiàn). Isizinda esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza yiqoqo lezintaba i-Jīngāng Tái (金刚台, Jīngāng Tái) nezindawo eziseduze zetiyeli: isiqongo i-Bilian Feng (碧莲峰, Bìlián Fēng, esibuye saziwe ngokuthi i-Dahuangjian — 大黄尖), idolobhana lase-Suxianshi (苏仙石, Sūxiānshí), isigodi sase-Donghe Bailongtan (东河白龙潭) kanye ne-Yinwan (殷塆).
Izixhumanisi zomhlaba: Cishe 31°48′ N, 115°32′ E.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ iyitiyeli elintsha, elakhiwe ngendlela ehleliwe. Ukwenziwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-1984 ngaphansi kokuholwa komphathi wetiyeli u-Yang Zhidong (杨智栋, Yáng Zhìdòng), owacubungula iminyaka emihlanu, efuna ukuhlanganisa izimfanelo zamatiye amakhulu amabili aluhlaza: isimo esiyisicaba esinobuhle se-Longjing (龙井) kanye nesimo esinoboya, esinephunga elimnandi se-Mao Jian (毛尖). Ngo-1989, ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile baqedwa, itiyeli laqala ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi. Ngo-1990, embukisweni wamatiye aqanjwe ngegama e-Henan, i-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ yaqashelwa “njengeTiyeli Elisha Eliqanjwe ngegama Lesifundazwe sase-Henan” (河南省新名茶). Ngo-1992, itiyeli laphumelela isitifiketi seSikhungo Sokulawulwa Kwezinga Letiyeli ngaphansi koMnyango Wezolimo, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zetiyeli eliqanjwe ngegama. Umbukiso wamazwe ngamazwe wetiyeli e-Hangzhou wango-1999 waba yimpumelelo enkulu, lapho i-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ yathola khona indondo yegolide (国际名茶金奖, guójì míngchá jīnjiǎng), yaba itiyeli lokuqala lase-Shangcheng elathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2003, kwaqoshwa uphawu lwentengiso olufanayo, kanti ngo-2007 lwaba “Uphawu Lwentengiso Oludumile Lwesifundazwe” (河南省著名商标) sokuqala phakathi kwamatiye ase-Shangcheng. Ngo-2020, ubuchwepheshe bokwenza i-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ bafakwa kurekhodi lamagugu angewona abonakalayo edolobheni lase-Xinyang (信阳市非物质文化遗产). Ngo-2023, kwashicilelwa izinga leqembu (团体标准, tuántǐ biāozhǔn) ngokwethulwa kohlelo olusemthethweni lwamazinga.
Igama: I-Jīngāng (金刚) — “Idayimane,” “IVajra” — libhekisela entabeni i-Jīngāng Tái (金刚台), isiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke ezintabeni zase-Dabie, esinamamitha angu-1,584, emithambekweni yayo okutshelwa kuyo itiyeli. Igama lentaba, nalo, lihlobene nophawu lobuBuddha lokuqina okungenakwehlulwa. I-Bì (碧) — “i-emeralidi,” “okuluhlaza okotshani.” I-Lǜ (绿) — “okuluhlaza.” Ngakho-ke, igama eliphelele lisho ukuthi “Okuluhlaza kwe-Emeralidi kweNtaba Yedayimane” — okuwukubonga okusankondlo kombala wetiyeli nendawo yalapho livela khona.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ iwukuziqhenya kwesiko letiyeli lesifunda sase-Shangcheng nesifunda esibanzi sase-Xinyang, osekunesikhathi eside sidume njengendawo okwavela kuyo elinye lamatiye ayishumi asendulo e-China — i-Xinyang Mao Jian. I-Shangcheng isenkabeni yezintaba zase-Dabie (大别山, Dàbiéshān) lapho kuhlangana khona izifundazwe zase-Henan ne-Anhui — indawo yomlando yokutshala itiyeli, eshiwo ku-“Canon of Tea” (《茶经》, Chá Jīng) kaLu Yu. Itiyeli limele ukulangazelela kwabacubunguli bendawo ukwenza izinto ezintsha ngaphakathi kwesiko: hhayi ukukhiqiza kabusha nje i-Mao Jian edumile, kodwa ukwakha into entsha ngokuphelele, ngokuhlanganisa izici ezinhle kakhulu zezikole zamatiye ezahlukene. Le ndlela — ukuhlanganisa ubuhle obuyisicaba obuseningizimu (e-Zhejiang) namandla asenyakatho (e-Henan) nokugcwala — yenze i-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ yaba uphawu lokuqamba ekutshalweni kwetiyeli e-Henan. Itiyeli liphinde lihlotshaniswe “nobuhle obuyisishiyagalombili” (八最, bā zuì): ukuphakama okukhulu kunakho konke, isibanzi esisenyakatho kakhulu, inkathi enhle kakhulu yokuhluma, inani elikhulu kakhulu lemikhiqizo ephindwayo, ukwakheka okunomsoco okunothe kakhulu, ukuphuma emakethe sekwephuze kakhulu, izici ezigqamile kakhulu, ukunambitheka okuqabulayo kakhulu.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

Uhlobo / Isitshalo: Isitshalo sasekhaya esiyinhloko yi-Guihua zhong (桂花种, Guìhuā zhǒng, ngokoqobo “uhlobo lwe-Osmanthus”) — uhlobo lwendawo oluyisihlahla lwabantu abahlala lapho, olunamahlamvu aminyene, angenziwa inyama, okuqukethwe kwawo i-polyphenol efinyelela kuma-25% noma ngaphezulu. Silungele ukukhiqizwa kwamatiye aluhlaza agcwele, anamandla. Ngokwengeziwe, kuyatshalwa uhlobo lwe-Baihao Zao (白毫早, Báiháo Zǎo) — uhlobo oluvuthwa kusenesikhathi olunoboya obumhlophe obuningi, kanye ne-Longjing-43 (龙井43, Lóngjǐng 43) eyathathwa e-Zhejiang — evuka kusenesikhathi, enezinwele eziminyene, ethuthukisa ukusha nokugqama kokunambitheka.
Ukukhiwa: Isikhathi esiyinhloko entwasahlobo, isiqongo sekhwalithi ngesikhathi se-Qingming–Guyu (清明–谷雨, ekuqaleni – ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli). Ngenxa yokuphakama okukhulu lapho kukhula khona, itiyeli livela emakethe kamuva kunamatiye amaningi aluhlaza asempumalanga ye-China — lokhu kungenye yezinto zalo “ezinhle eziyisishiyagalombili.”
Izinga lokukhiwa: Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu — ihlumela eliqhakazile elineqabunga elilodwa (一芽一叶, yī yá yī yè), izinga lokuqala — ikakhulu ihlumela eliqhakazile elineqabunga elilodwa, kuvunyelwe inani elincane lamahlumela aqhakazile anamaqabunga amabili, izinga lesibili — ihlumela eliqhakazile elinamaqabunga amabili. Amahlumela aqhakazile namaqabunga kufanele aphelele, ngaphandle kokulimala, kususwe izifo, amaqabunga ansomi nalawo angcolile.

4. Indawo Yakulelo Zinga Nezici Zokutshala:

Isimo sezulu nokuma komhlaba: Amasimu etiyeli atholakala ekujuleni kwezintaba zase-Dabie (大别山), emithambekweni yesiqongo sase-Jīngāng Tái naseziqongweni eziseduze ezindaweni eziphakeme ukusuka kumamitha angu-800 kuya kwangu-1,584. Izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lonyaka lingu-15.3 °C, imvula yonyaka icishe ibe ngu-2,200 mm (elinye lamazinga aphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwezindawo zokutshala amatiye e-China). Izinsuku ezininkungu zingaphezu kwezingu-200 ngonyaka, ukukhanya okuhlakazekile kwenza ngaphezu kuka-70%. Lezi zimo zisondele kwezikahle ekwakhekeni kwengxube enothile ye-amino acid nephunga elimnandi.
Ukuphakama lapho kukhula khona: Amamitha angu-800–1,584 ngenhla kolwandle. I-Jīngāng Tái (amamitha angu-1,584) iyisiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke kulo lonke uhla lwezintaba zase-Dabie.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ebomvu ene-acid encane (微酸性红壤, wēi suānxìng hóng rǎng) esekelwe emadwaleni entaba-mlilo, i-pH engu-4.5–6.0, enokuqukethwe kwezinto eziphilayo okungu-≥ 15 g/kg. Inhlabathi inothe nge-zinc ne-selenium. Ukunikezwa kwamanzi kuqinisekiswa yimifudlana yasezintabeni neziphethu, izinga lamanzi lihambisana nesigaba sokuqala sikazwelonke.
Izici zokutshala: Ukumbozwa kwehlathi kungu-89% — izinga eliphakeme ngokukhethekile. Izingadi zetiyeli zikhula zihlala eduze kwama-rhododendron (杜鹃), ama-orchid asendle (兰草) nezinye izimbali zasezintabeni, okucebisa iphrofayili yephunga letiyeli. Izibulala-zinambuzane zamakhemikhali zivinjelwe ngokuphelele; ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kwenziwa ngokulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo kusetshenziswa amabhungane ama-ladybug (瓢虫, piáochóng) nezinye izinambuzane eziwusizo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe be-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ buwumphumela wokuhlanganiswa okuhleliwe kwamasu athathwe emasikweni e-Longjing ne-Xinyang Mao Jian, futhi buyinqubo ehlukile enezinyathelo eziningi enokubunjwa kathathu nokomiswa kwamalahle okuphindwe kabili.

Ukubuna (鲜叶摊放, xiānyè tānfàng): Amacembe amasha abekwa ngokwendlalekile okungenani amahora angu-3-4 aze afinyelele esilinganisweni somswakama esingaba ngu-70%. Lesi sithathu sihlinzeka ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqala kokwanduleli kwephunga elimnandi.
Ukuqinisa “ukubulawa kokuluhlaza” (杀青, shāqīng): Kwenziwa epanini elitshekile (斜锅, xié guō) emazingeni okushisa angu-140–160 °C ngokushintshana kwamasu okunyakazisa (抖, dǒu) nokubamba umoya (闷, mèn). Inhlanganisela iqinisekisa ukungasebenzi kwama-enzyme ngokulinganayo nokugcinwa kombala ogqamile oluhlaza.
Ukuthoswa nokubunjwa I — “ukuthosa imicu” (炒条, chǎotiáo): Ngaphansi kuka-80 °C, ukunamathela okusalayo kuyasuswa, iqabunga liqala ukuthola isimo.
Ukubunjwa II — “ukuqondisa imicu” (理条, lǐtiáo): Ukucutshungulwa ngesandla ukuze kunikezwe ubuqotho nokufana.
Ukubunjwa III — “ukulungiswa kokugcina” (整形, zhěngxíng): Ukubunjwa kokugcina ngesandla kusetshenziswa amasu okubamba (抓, zhuā), ukubeka (搭, dā), nokucindezela (压, yā). Yile nqubo “yokubunjwa kathathu” (三次成形, sān cì chéngxíng) — ukuthosa, ukuqondisa, ukulungiswa, okwenziwa emapanini amathathu ahlukene — okuqinisekisa isimo esivamile esiyisicaba, esiqondile nesinobuhle seqabunga.
Ukomiswa kwamalahle kokuqala (初烘, chū hōng): Ngaphansi kuka-80 °C emalahleni okhuni. Umlilo wamalahle uvumela ukugwema amanothi ashiswe ngokweqile futhi “kuvaleke” iphunga le-orchid.
Ukomiswa kwamalahle okuphindwayo (复烘, fù hōng): Ngaphansi kuka-50–60 °C ukuze kuzinziswe umswakama ekugcineni nokuthuthukiswa kwephrofayili yephunga elimnandi.
Ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlunga (拣剔筛分, jiǎntī shāifēn): Ukususa ngesandla izingxenye ezingezona ezisezingeni nokulinganisa ngobukhulu.

Isimiso “sokuvaleka kwephunga ngamalahle” (炭火锁香, tànhuǒ suǒ xiāng) — ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle okhuni kuzo zombili izigaba zokomiswa — kuyisici esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe be-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ, esisihlukanisa namatiye amaningi esimanje aluhlaza anemishini yokomiswa ngogesi.

6. Izimpawu Zomzimba:

Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Amaqabunga etiyeli ayisicaba, aqondile, amahle (扁直挺秀, biǎnzhí tǐngxiù), angenziwa inyama futhi acinene, anoboya obumhlophe obugqamile (显毫, xiǎn háo). Ngokwesimo afana ne-Longjing, kodwa ahluke ngokuba mningi inyama nangobuningi bezinwele — “isimo esifana neLongjing, umoya ofana neMao Jian.”
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elihlanzekile, eliphakeme neliqinile, elinenothi lokuqala lephunga le-orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng).
Iphunga lokungena: Linongqimba oluningi, elivela ngesikhathi sokuthululwa okulandelanayo: ukugxila kokuqala — iphunga le-orchid (兰花香); owesibili — iphunga elincane le-castane (嫩栗香, nèn lì xiāng); owesithathu — iphunga eligcwele, eliphelele (浓香, nóng xiāng); owesine — iphunga elihlanzekile, elilula (清香, qīng xiāng). Iphunga enkomishini epholile lihlala ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-5.
Ukunambitheka: Okusha nokugqamile (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng), okunoshukela kancane, okumnene (甘醇, gānchún). Isisekelo se-polyphenol (≥ 25%) sihlinzeka ngokwakheka kokunambitheka okuqinile ngebala elincane, elidlula ngokushesha, eliphendukela “ekubuyeni kobumnandi” okuvamile nokuhlala isikhathi eside (回甘, huígān). Ushukela oncibilikayo udala ukuhlangana okuvumelanayo. Ukunambitheka kunezendlalelo ezigqamile — ikhwalithi eyivelakancane etiyeni eliluhlaza.
Umbala wokungena: Oluhlaza othambile, osobala futhi ogqamile (嫩绿清亮, nèn lǜ qīngliàng).
Isisekelo setiyeli (iqabunga eligxiliwe): Amacembe aluhlaza thambile, angenziwa inyama, anwebekile, aqoqwe kuma-“bunches” avamile (匀整成朵, yúnzhěng chéng duǒ), okufakazela ikhwalithi ephezulu yezinto ezingavuthiwe nokucutshungulwa ngokucophelela.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚, chá duōfēn): 25–28% — elinye lamazinga aphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aqanjwe ngegama e-China. Ingxenye eyinhloko ama-catechin (i-EGCG, i-ECG njalonjalo), ahlinzeka ngomphumela onamandla wokulwa nokuxoshwa kwe-oxidant.
Ama-amino acid (氨基酸, ānjīsuān): Cishe u-4.9%, kuhlanganise ne-L-theanine. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kubangelwa indawo yezintaba enokukhanya okuhlakazekile nokuningi kwenkungu.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēi jiǎn) — cishe u-3%, i-theobromine, i-theophylline.
Isicatshulwa samanzi: Esiphezulu, okufakazela iphrofayili yokukhipha egcwele.
I-Fluoride (氟, fú): 10–15 mg/100 g — okuqukethwe okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, okusiza empilweni yamazinyo.
Amavithamini: C (ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezintsha), u-B, K, E.
Amaminerali: I-zinc, i-selenium, i-potassium, i-manganese, i-phosphorus namanye amaminerali amancane, abangelwa imvelaphi yentaba-mlilo yenhlabathi.
Amafutha abalulekile: Akha iphrofayili yephunga le-orchid ne-castane; ukunqwabelana kwawo kuthuthukiswa ukuhlalisana kwezihlahla zetiyeli nezimbali zasezintabeni.

8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:

Ukuvikeleka okunamandla kwe-antioxidant: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu ngokukhethekile kwama-polyphenol (25–28%) kuhlinzeka ngokususwa okuphumelelayo kwama-radical amahhala nokuvikeleka kwamangqamuzana kwingcindezi ye-oxidative.
Umphumela wokukhuthaza: I-caffeine (3%) ihlanganiswe nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-L-theanine (4.9% ama-amino acid) inikeza umphumela olinganayo, owela isikhathi eside wokukhuthaza umuntu kanye nomuzwa wokucaca nokugxilisa ingqondo — ngaphandle kokunyuka okukhulu.
Ukusekelwa kwempilo yamazinyo namathambo: Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fluoride (10–15 mg/100 g) kunomphumela omuhle ekufakweni kwamaminerali koqweqwe lwamazinyo.
Ukusekelwa kwe-lipid metabolism: Ama-catechin acindezela ngamandla ukumuncwa nokuhlanganiswa kwamafutha, esiza ekugcineni izinga le-cholesterol elinempilo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokugaya ukudla: Itiyeli likhuthaza ukusebenza kwepheshana lokugaya ukudla uma liphuzwa ngemuva kokudla.
Ukusekelwa kwengqondo: Ukusebenzisana kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kuthuthukisa ukugxilisa ingqondo, inkumbulo kanye nesivinini sokuphendula.
Umphumela wokuqinisa umzimba wonkana: Ingxube yamavithamini, amaminerali nama-polyphenol asebenzayo ngokwebhayoloji isiza ekugcineni amasosha omzimba nokugcwala komzimba.

9. Ukugxila (Ukuphisa):

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85 °C. Kunconywa ukuthi kubiliswe amanzi bese kuyekwa ukuthi aphole cishe imizuzwana engu-90. Sebenzisa amanzi amaminerali angathathi hlangothi noma ane-acid encane (amanzi ane-alkali enza ukunambitheka kube kubi).
Inani letiyeli: Amagremu angu-3 ku-150 ml wamanzi (isilinganiso sika-1:50).
Izitsha: Ingilazi yegilasi (玻璃杯, bōli bēi) — ukubuka “umdanso wamaqabunga etiyeli”; i-gaiwan emhlophe yobumba (白瓷盖碗, báicí gàiwǎn) — ukugcwala kwephunga.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo.
2. Thela itiyeli.
3. Thela amanzi engxenyeni yesithathu yomthamo, nyakazisa ingilazi ukuze “kuvuleke iphunga” (摇香, yáo xiāng).
4. Geza amanzi aze afike engxenyeni eyisikhombisa kweshumi yomthamo.
5. Vumela ukuthululwa kokuqala kugxile imizuzu engu-2-3.
6. Itiyeli lingamelana nokugxilwa okuphindwayo okungafika kwengu-3 ngokwandisa kancane kancane isikhathi sokugxila.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Ukupakishwa okuvalekile nokuvikela ngokuphelele ekukhanyeni, emswakameni nasemaphungeni angaphandle.
Izinga lokushisa elihle: 0–5 °C (esiqandisini). Ngaphambi kokuvulwa, itiyeli kufanele ligcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa lapho lipakishwe livaliwe.
Isikhathi sokuphila — izinyanga eziyi-12 uma kuhlangatshezwane nezimo zokugcinwa. Ngemuva kokuvulwa, kunconywa ukuthi itiyeli liphuzwe ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izitha zetiyeli: umswakama, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, amaphunga angaphandle, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi itiyeli eliphezulu lama-polyphenol alinconywa ukuthi liphuzwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla (izinto zokugaya zingabopha amaprotheni futhi zenze kube nzima ukugaya); isikhathi esihle kakhulu sicishe sibe ihora. Inani elinconywayo lansuku zonke — alingaphezu kuka-500 ml. Uma uphuza imithi yensimbi nama-antibiotic, kufanele kulindwe isikhathi esingekho ngaphansi kwehora. Abantu abane-anemia egqamile banconywa ukuthi balinganisele.

11. Intengo Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:

Isigaba sentengo: Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu (特级, tèjí) — ihlumela eliqhakazile ngokuphelele elineqabunga elilodwa, amaphesenti angu-90 okwakheka kwehlumela eliqhakazile — cishe ama-yuan angu-550 nge-jin (500 g). Izinga lokuqala — cishe ama-yuan angu-350 nge-jin. Izinga lesibili — cishe ama-yuan angu-260 nge-jin.
Izinto ezinomthelela entengo: Isikhathi sokukhiwa (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kubiza kakhulu), ukuphakama lapho kukhula khona, izinga lezinto ezingavuthiwe (iphesenti lamahlumela aqhakazile), umsebenzi wezandla, ukomiswa kwamalahle. Itiyeli elisuka entabeni i-Jīngāng Tái libiza kakhulu ngokwemvelo kunamanye avela ezindaweni eziphansi ngenxa yokufinyeleleka kanzima kwamasimu nokuvuthwa kamuva.
Ungayigwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:
- Thenga itiyeli ngophawu lwentengiso olubhalisiwe oluthi “金刚碧绿” kubathengisi abathembekile base-Shangcheng.
- Qaphela isimo: i-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ yangempela iyisicaba, iqondile, inobuhle, inoboya obumhlophe obugqamile. Imikhiqizo yomgunyathi ivamise ukuba nesimo esingalingani noma esisongekile.
- Linganisa iphunga: itiyeli langempela libonakala ngokuvuleka okunezendlalelo eziningi — ukusuka kwephunga le-orchid kuye kwe-castane.
- Hlola ukungena: kufanele kuhlanzekile, kuluhlaza thambile, ngaphandle kokungcola.
- Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo yezinga eliphakeme kakhulu elishiwo kuwuphawu lokufakwa esikhundleni sezinto ezingavuthiwe ezishibhile ezivela ezindaweni eziphansi.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ yakhiwa njengomklamo wobuciko oqaphelekile: umphathi u-Yang Zhidong wachitha iminyaka emihlanu (1984–1989) ethuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, efuna ukuhlanganisa ubuhle beningizimu be-Longjing namandla asenyakatho e-Mao Jian. Umphumela — itiyeli okuthiwa: “isimo saso siyefana ne-Longjing, umoya wawo ufana ne-Mao Jian” (外形神似龙井，内质兼具毛尖之神韵).
Intaba i-Jīngāng Tái (amamitha angu-1,584) — akusona isiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke kuphela ezintabeni zase-Dabie, kodwa futhi indawo ebalulekile yesikhumbuzo somlando wezinguquko: lapha ngesikhathi seMpi Yombango kwakunezisekelo zamasosha Abomvu. Amasimu etiyeli asondelene nezikhumbuzo zomlando.
“Okuyisishiyagalombili okuhle kakhulu” (八最) kwe-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ kuyifomula yokumaketha neyamasiko eyamukeleka kuleli tiyeli: ukuphakama okukhulu kakhulu lapho kukhula khona, isibanzi esisenyakatho kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aqanjwe ngegama esifundeni, inkathi enhle kakhulu yokuhluma, inani elikhulu kakhulu lemikhiqizo ephindwayo, ukwakheka okunomsoco okunothe kakhulu, ukuphuma emakethe sekwephuze kakhulu, izici ezigqamile kakhulu, ukunambitheka okuqabulayo kakhulu.
Okuqukethwe kwe-polyphenol (25–28%) — kungokunye okuphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aqanjwe ngegama e-China, okuqondwa ngenhlanganisela yendawo yezintaba eziphakeme kanye nesitshalo sasendaweni esiyisihlahla esithi “Osmanthus” esinamahlamvu angenziwa inyama, aminyene.
Izingadi zetiyeli zase-Jīngāng Tái zitholakala endaweni enokumbozwa kwehlathi okuphakeme kakhulu (89%) kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo okuyingqayizivele: izihlahla zikhula zixubene nama-rhododendron asendle nama-orchid asezintabeni, okwakha “umfelandawonye wezimbali” ohlukile wephrofayili yephunga elimnandi.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye Aluhlaza:

I-Xinyang Mao Jian (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Itiye eliluhlaza eliqanjwe ngegama elidala elivela edolobheni elifanayo lase-Xinyang, okungenye yamatiye amakhulu ayishumi e-China. Ihluke ngesimo esiyinaliti esincanyana esinoboya obuningi, iphunga elincane le-castane kanye ne-umami egqamile. I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ inesimo esiyisicaba hhayi esiyinaliti, iphunga elinezendlalelo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi (ukusuka kwephunga le-orchid kuye kwe-castane) kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwama-polyphenol, okunikeza isakhiwo esiqinile kakhulu nokugqama kokunambitheka okunezendlalelo.
I-Xi Hu Long Jing (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): Itiye elikhulu eliluhlaza eliyisicaba elisuka e-Zhejiang. I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ ifana ngokusemthethweni ngokwesimo esiyisicaba, nokho ihluke ngokuba mningi inyama, ngoboya obumhlophe obugqamile (i-Longjing ayinazo izinwele cishe), iphunga le-orchid-castane elinezendlalelo eziningi (ngokuphambene nephunga “lebhontshisi” le-Longjing) kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwama-polyphenol.
I-Liu An Gua Pian (六安瓜片, Liù’ān Guāpiàn): Itiye eliluhlaza elidumile elisuka esifundazweni esingumakhelwane sase-Anhui, nalo elikhula ezintabeni zase-Dabie, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ihluke ngobuchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele obusuka eqabungeni elimsulwa ngaphandle kwamahlumela aqhakazile, isimo esiyisicaba “esifana nembewu” nokunambitheka okuqinile, okunzima. I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ, ngokuphambene nalokho, yenziwa ngamahlumela aqhakazile amancane namaqabunga, inokunambitheka okusha nokugqamile ngephunga le-orchid.
I-Taiping Hou Kui (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóukuí): Itiye lase-Anhui eliluhlaza elinamaqabunga amakhulu, elinesimo esiyisicaba. Likhulu kakhulu kune-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ ngokobukhulu beqabunga, linephrofayili yephunga ehlukile (ikhona iphunga le-orchid, kodwa linesisekelo “samaminerali” esengeziwe). I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ icinene, inenyama futhi iphakeme ngokuqukethwe kwama-polyphenol.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ iyisibonelo esikhazimulayo sendlela ukufuna okunobuciko ngaphakathi kwesiko letiyeli okungakhiqiza into eyingqayizivele ngempela. Yazalelwa emithambekweni yesiqongo esiphakeme kunazo zonke se-Dabie, izungezwe ama-rhododendron nama-orchid asezintabeni, yomiswa emalahleni okhuni ngendlela “yokubunjwa kathathu,” leli tiye linikeza inhlanganisela eyivelakancane yesimo esiyisicaba esinobuhle, iphunga elinezendlalelo eziningi — ukusuka kuma-orchid kuye kuma-castane — kanye nethuba elinamandla le-polyphenol elinikeza ukunambitheka ukujula nokuhlukana ngezendlalelo. I-Jīngāng Bì Lǜ ilungele kakhulu abathandi betiye eliluhlaza, abafuna okuthile okungaphandle kwemigomo yendlela evamile: itiyeli elinesimilo, umlando kanye nomoya weqiniso wezintaba zase-Dabie.