Hé Hóngchá · new.thetea.app

I-Hé Hóngchá ingelinye lamatiye abomvu amadala kunawo wonke eShayina, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi “umzali wendawo yetiye elibomvu laseShayina” (中国红茶鼻祖, Zhōngguó hóngchá bízǔ). Leli tiye laqanjwa ngegama ledolobhana lezohwebo i-Hékǒu (河口镇, Hékǒu zhèn) esifundeni sase-Yánshān esifundazweni sase-Jiāngxī, lapho ngezikhathi zombuso wamaMing namaQing kwakudlula khona umfula omkhulu wokuthunyelwa kwetiye elibomvu lisuka esifundeni sase-Wǔyí Mountain liya eYurophu. Abahwebi baseNtshonalanga babebiza i-Hé Hóngchá ngokuthi “indlovukazi yetiye” (茶中皇后, chá zhōng huánghòu), kanti imibhalo yomlando iqopha isikhundla sayo njengetiye lokuqala laseShayina elafinyelela emakethe yomhlaba.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye elibomvu laseShayina (红茶, hóngchá), elenziwe la-oxidize ngokuphelele.
Isigaba: Gōngfū hóngchá (工夫红茶, gōngfū hóngchá) — isitayela sendabuko sokucubungula ngobungcweti. Ngokomlando liyingxenye yomndeni wezinhlamvu ezincane (小种, xiǎozhǒng) eziqhamuka e-Wǔyí.
Imvelaphi: EShayina, esifundazweni sase-Jiāngxī (江西省, Jiāngxī shěng), edolobheni lase-Shàngráo (上饶市, Shàngráo shì), esifundeni sase-Yánshān (铅山县, Yánshān xiàn). Izindawo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza zigxile emizaneni yase-Tiānzhùshān (天柱山乡), e-Huángbì (篁碧乡), e-Tàiyuán (太源乡), e-Húfáng (湖坊镇), e-Gěxiānshān (葛仙山乡), e-Yīngjiāng (英将乡) nase-Wǔyíshān Zhèn (武夷山镇). Isizinda esiyinhloko ngokomlando yidolobhana lase-Fózhài (佛寨村) entabeni i-Tiānzhùshān, ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-1200–1500.
Izixhumanisi Zendawo: cishe u-27°48′–28°24′ N, u-117°44′–117°70′ E. Indawo ekhonjiswe ngokomumo ithatha amahektha ayi-1200.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwezamasiko:

Umlando: Ukutshalwa kwetiye esifundeni sase-Yánshān kwaqala ngesikhathi sika-Song (960–1279), lapho amatiye endawo — i-Zhōushān chá (周山茶), i-Báishuǐ tuán chá (白水团茶), ne-Xiǎo Lóngfèng tuán chá (小龙凤团茶) — ayevele ethunyelwa enkantolo njenge-gòngpǐn (贡品, gòngpǐn — “iminikelo kumbusi”). Ngesikhathi samaMing, ekubuseni kuka-Xuāndé–Zhèngdé (1426–1521), encwadini i-“Yánshān Xiànzhì” (《铅山县志》) kwabhalwa okokuqala amagama athi “Xiǎozhǒng Hé Hóng” (小种河红) kanye namanye amatiye abomvu endawo. Kusukela ngesikhathi sika-Jiājìng (1522–1566) idolobhana i-Hékǒu laphenduka isikhungo esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuhweba ngemifula eningizimu yeShayina kanye nendawo esemqoka yokucubungula nokuthutha itiye. Ngokwe-“Xìnzhōu Fǔzhì” (《信州府志》) yamaMing, “i-Hé hóngchá iyitíye elibomvu elidume kunamanye ezweni futhi iyitíye lokuqala laseShayina elafinyelela ekuhwebeni komhlaba.” Ngesikhathi sika-Wànlì (1573–1620) abahwebi abavela kwezinye izifundazwe babethutheleka ngezinga elikhulu e-Hékǒu, e-Shítáng nase-Chénfāng ukuyothenga i-Hé Hóngchá. Ngesikhathi samaQing, ngaphansi kuka-Qiánlóng no-Jiāqìng, ukuhweba kwetiye e-Yánshān kwafinyelela esicongweni: e-Hékǒu kuphela kwakunamahhovisi etiye angama-48, futhi abantu abangafika ku-30,000 babecubungula itiye elibomvu. Abahwebi base-Shānxī (晋商, jìnshāng) ngekhulu le-18 bahlela ukuthengwa okukhulu ezintabeni zase-Wǔyí, bathumela itiye nge-Hékǒu ngoMkhondo Omkhulu Wetiye oya eRussia naseYurophu. Abahwebi baseRussia, abaseNgilandi nabaseNdiya babezihambela mathupha e-Hékǒu ukuyothenga amaqoqo etiye elibomvu. Ngo-1956 ipulazi likahulumeni letiye lase-Hékǒu lavuselelwa, kwaphinde kwaqalwa ukuthunyelwa kwetiye eJapan, eSingapore, eYurophu naseHong Kong. Ngo-1958 itiye lase-Yánshān laklonyeliswa ngomklomelo woMkhandlu Wezwe wase-PRC. Ngo-2009 ubuchwepheshe bokwenza i-Hé Hóngchá bathola isikhundla sefa lamasiko elingaphatheki lesifundazwe sase-Jiāngxī. Ngo-2013 uMnyango Wezolimo wase-PRC wanikeza i-“Yánshān Hé Hóngchá” (铅山河红茶) isikhundla somkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (农产品地理标志, nóngchǎnpǐn dìlǐ biāozhì), inombolo yokubhaliswa i-AGI01105. Ngo-2021 i-Hé Hóngchá yangenela embukisweni we-China National Tea Museum, kwathi ngo-2023 uhlobo lwe-“Yánshān Hé Hóngchá” lwafakwa phakathi “Kwezinkampani Ezingamashumi Amabili Ezihamba Phambili Zomphakathi” zaseShayina.
Igama: Uhlamvu oluthi 河 (hé) lusho “umfula” futhi lukhomba idolobhana i-Hékǒu — inhloko-dolobha yomlando yokuhweba kwetiye emfuleni i-Xìnjiāng (信江). U-红 (hóng) — “obomvu”, okubonisa isigaba setiye elibomvu. U-茶 (chá) — “itiye”. Igama eliphelele lomlando lithi Hékǒu hóngchá (河口红茶, Hékǒu hóngchá), “itiye elibomvu lase-Hékǒu”, kamuva lafinyezwa laba i-Hé Hóngchá. Kukhona futhi nesisho esimisiwe esithi “河红茶帮” (Hé hóngchá bāng) — “inhlangano yezingcweti ze-Hé Hóngchá”, okukhombisa iqhaza lezingcweti zetiye zase-Yánshān, okwathi ngezikhathi zamaMing namaQing zasabalalisa ubuchwepheshe betiye elibomvu kulo lonke elaseShayina.
Ukubaluleka kwezamasiko: I-Hé Hóngchá ibambe iqhaza elikhethekile emlandweni wokuphuzwa kwetiye emhlabeni wonke: kwakungokusebenzisa i-Hékǒu lapho itiye elibomvu laqala ukufinyelela eYurophu, kwaqala isiko letiye lantambama eNgilandi. Idolobhana i-Hékǒu linesiqu esithi “Idolobha Lokuqala Emkhondweni Omkhulu Wetiye” (万里茶道第一镇). Imbongi yakwa-Qing u-Chéng Hóngyì (程鸿益) wabopha umoya wokuchuma kwetiye encwadini ethi “Hékǒu Zhúzhīcí” (《河口竹枝词》). I-Hé Hóngchá iyingxenye yenhlanganisela yamasiko “wamagugu amabili ase-Yánshān” (铅山双绝) kanye nephepha elidume lase-Liánsì (连四纸).

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nempahla Engavuthiwe:

Uhlobo / I-cultivar: Uhlobo lwendawo olunamaqabunga amancane (中小叶群体种, zhōngxiǎoyè qúntǐzhǒng) Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, olukhula emithambekeni esenyakatho yezintaba zase-Wǔyí. Ngalesi sigaba esithi “Hé Hóng Lǎo Cōng” (河红老枞) kusetshenziswa izinto ezivela ezihlahleni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70, ezikhula endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-400.
Ukuvunwa: Ukuvunwa kwasentwasahlobo yikhona okuyinhloko, kuqala ngesikhathi se-Qīngmíng (清明, ngasekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli); ukuvunwa kwehlobo (ngemuva kwenyanga yesine yohlelo lwenyanga) kunikeza ikhasi elivuthiwe kakhulu. Ukuvunwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sezulu elicacile, ekuseni; ikhasi elisha lilethwa efekthri ligcinwe ezitsheni zoqalo ngaphandle kokubambezeleka.
Izinga lokuvuna: Kumabanga aphakeme — ihlumela elilodwa + amaqabunga ama-2 (一芽两叶, yī yá liǎng yè) esigabeni “sokuvuleka okuncane” (小开面), ububanzi beqabunga bungadluli ku-1 cm. Nge-“Hé Hóng Xiǎozhǒng” (河红小种) kuvunyelwe kufinyelele ehlumeleni eli-1 + amaqabunga ama-3. Nge-“Hé Hóng Lǎo Cōng” (河红老枞) — ihlumela elilodwa + amaqabunga ama-3 kanye nezinto ezivuthiwe ezinobumnene obufanayo.
Izidingo zempahla engavuthiwe: Ikhasi eliphelele, elihlanzekile ngaphandle kweziqu ezimangelengele kanye nokulimala okungamishini; ukubambezeleka okuncane phakathi kokuvunwa kanye nokuqala kokubuna ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwenza i-oxidize ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Ezikhethekile Zokutshala:

Ukuphakama lapho kukhula khona: Indawo eyinhloko ingama-400–1500 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Insimu yokuqala yase-Fózhài ingama-1200–1500 m. Isiqongo se-Huánggāng Shān (黄岗山, 2160.8 m) — isiqongo esiphakeme kakhulu eMpumalanga China — sitholakala emngceleni wesifunda futhi sidala isimo sezulu esincane esiyingqayizivele.
Isimo sezulu: Siwumswakama oshisayo we-subtropical, izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo lingu-8.7–17.9°C. Imvula yonyaka ingama-1733–2000 mm. Inkungu evamile kanye nomswakama ophezulu kunikeza ukukhanya okusabalalisiwe, okuvumela ukufufukalisa ama-amino acid nama-aromatiki.
Inhlabathi: Izinhlabathi ezibomvu neziphuzi-bomvu (红壤, 黄红壤), kanye nezinhlabathi eziphuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤), ezimuncu, pH 4.5–5.5. Izihlabathi eziphakathi kwamawa (岩壑之间) zicebe ngamaminerali.
Imvelo: Izinga lehlathi lesifunda lingu-74%. Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza ingaphakathi kwepaki likazwelonke lase-Wǔyí (武夷山国家公园, umkhakha wase-Jiāngxī). Izingadi zetiye ziphathwa ngohlelo lwendabuko olungelona oluphilayo: ngaphandle kwezibulala-zinzwa kanye nezivundisi zamakhemikhali; imisele ihlanganiswe utshani basendle ukuze kugcinwe umswakama nokusebenza kwe-bioactivity enhlabathini; ukufaka umquba — umquba, umsizi, umlotha wezinkuni.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe bendabuko be-Hé Hóngchá buyindlela yasendulo ye-gōngfū hóngchá enezici eziningi zesifunda. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bubhaliswe njengefa lamasiko elingaphatheki lesifundazwe sase-Jiāngxī (2009).

Ukuvuna (采摘, cǎizhāi): Ihlumela elilodwa + 2(3) amaqabunga, ukuvunwa ngesandla ekuseni ngesikhathi sezulu elicacile.
Ukubuna (萎凋, wěidiāo): Indlela yendabuko — ukubuna elangeni (晒青, shàiqīng) ezintini zoqalo (竹簟). Ubungqimba luyi-3 cm ubukhulu, kuphendulwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ubude besikhathi buxhomeke emandleni elanga kanye nesimo sempahla engavuthiwe (“ikhasi lemvula” noma “ikhasi lelanga”). Ukulungela kunqunywa ngokufiphala kwekhasi libe luhlaza okotshani obumnyama kanye nokunwebeka lapho licindezelwa.
Ukusonta (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukusonta ngesandla ngezigaba ezintathu: okokuqala ukucindezela okuncane ngokujikeleza okuhamba kancane, bese kuba ukucindezela okunamandla ngokujikeleza okusheshayo, futhi ekugcineni ukucindezela okuthambile ngokujikeleza okuhamba kancane. Inhloso wukwakheka kwetiye eliminyene, eliyindilinga kanye nokuphuma kwejusi yeseli phezulu. Ngemuva kokusonta — ukumiswa (静置定型) imizuzu eyi-10.
Ukufaka i-oxidize (发酵, fājiào): Ikhasi elisontiwe libekwa elangeni imizuzu emi-5, bese lifakwa emishinini yamapulangwe noma obhasikidini boqalo, phansi kwawo kugandaywe ungqimba ophindwe kabili wephepha le-Liánsì (连四纸). Inqwaba icindezelwa kancane, imbozwe ngephepha nangendwangu emanzi. I-fermentation yenzelwa ekamelweni elikhethekile ezingeni lokushisa elingu-20–25°C isikhathi esingamahora ayi-6–8. Ukulungela: cishe u-80% wobuso bekhasi buthatha umbala osagolide wobhedu, imithambo ibabomvu, kuvele iphunga eliyisithelo.
Ukomiswa (烘干, hōnggān): Umiswa wokumisa okuyi-oxidation nokuqinisekisa iphunga. Kungenzeka ukufakwa ekushiseni okuncane kokugcina (ukupheka kancane) ukuze kuzinziswe ukunambitheka.
Ukuhlunga (分级, fēnjí): Ukuhlela kabusha kwenqwaba ngezilinganiso, ukuhlukanisa izihloko, ukwakha amabanga.

6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:

Indlela ebonakala ngayo ikhasi elomile: Amacembe atiye acinene, asontiwe, alinganayo (条索紧实匀整) anombala omnyama ocwebezelayo onamafutha (色泽乌润). Emabangeni aphakeme — kunenqwaba yezihloko ezinombala osagolide (金毫披露).
Iphunga lekhasi elomile: Lijulile, linoshukela ojulile wezinyosi kanye namanothi we-longan eyomisiwe (桂圆), i-caramel kanye nemicu emincane ephunga njengezimbali. Iphunga liphezulu futhi lithatha isikhathi eside (甜香高长).
Iphunga lokugcoba: Linothile, lixutshwe uju nezithelo ezomisiwe; lapho limanziswa izikhathi eziningi kuvela ama-nuances we-mint esha kanye nokhula lwasezintabeni. Emaqoqweni asekhulile — imibala efudumele yezinkuni.
Ukunambitheka: Kugcwele emzimbeni, kuminyene futhi kuyindilinga (醇厚), nobumnandi obugqamile (甘甜) kanye nokuthungwa okushelelayo njengosilika (绵甜爽滑). Ubumnandi buncane, busuka ngokushesha bube ukunambitheka okumnandi okuqhubekayo emva kokuphuza (回甘快好). Kunomuzwa omkhulu emlonyeni (杯底香浓). Lapho kumanziswa izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 kuvela ukuqabuleka kwe-mint okubonakalayo.
Umbala wokugcoba: Kusuka kokubomvu okuyi-orange kuya koku-ruby (红浓), kusobala futhi kukhanya, kunombala osagolide ocacile (金圈) ezindongeni zenkomishi.
I-bottom yetiye (ikhasi elithe lwamanziswa): Elibomvu-bhedu, linwebekayo, linombala ofanayo. Emabangeni aphakeme — amaqabunga aphelele, amnene.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

I-Polyphenols: Ingqikithi ye-polyphenols yetiye ivamile ku-gōngfū hóngchá. Phakathi nenqubo ye-oxidation ingxenye enkulu yama-catechin iguqulelwa ku-theaflavins (i-TF — eyenza ukukhanya kanye “nendandatho esagolide” yokugcoba) kanye ne-thearubigins (i-TR — enesibopho sokujula kombala kanye “nobuthambile” bokunambitheka).
Ama-Amino acid: Imvelaphi yokuphakama okuphezulu kanye nenhlabathi emuncu kusiza ukufufukalisa kwe-L-theanine, okuyinto enikeza ubumnandi obugqamile kanye nokuthamba kokunambitheka. Izinga lama-amino acid mahhala empahleni engavuthiwe liphakeme kune-avareji kumatiye abomvu.
Ama-Alkaloid: I-caffeine (2.5–4.0% yesisindo esomile), i-theobromine, i-theophylline. Ukuhlangana kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kunikeza umphumela omuhle, oqinile wokuqinisa amandla ngaphandle kokuphakama okusheshayo.
Amakhemikhali anephunga: Ingxube ecebile yamafutha abalulekile kanye namakhemikhali antengantengayo — i-linalool, i-geraniol, i-methyl salicylate, i-phenylacetaldehyde — yakha iphrofayili evelele yoju nezithelo enama-nuance e-mint.
Ama-Vithamini: C (agcinwa ngokwengxenye), B₁, B₂, PP.
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-fluoride, i-selenium — okubangelwa ingcebo yamaminerali enhlabathini yezintaba zase-Wǔyí.
Izici ezikhethekile zokwakheka: Izimo zesimo sezulu sesifunda — inkungu evamile, imvula eningi kanye nomehluko omkhulu wokushisa emini/ebusuku — kusiza ukufufukalisa okukhulu kwezinto ezinamakha kanye nama-amino acid kuyilapho kunezinga eliphansi le-fiber engagayiwe.

8. Izinzuzo Eziluncedo:

Kuqinisa amandla kancane futhi kwenyuse ukugxila ngenxa yokulingana okufanele kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine.
Kweseka ukuzivikela komzimba kuma-antioxidant nge-theaflavins ne-thearubigins — amakhemikhali e-polyphenolic avamile kumatiye acwaningwe ngokuphelele.
Kukhuthaza ukugaya okuhle: itiye elibomvu lithinta kancane ulwelwesi lwesisu kuneliluhlaza, futhi lingaphuzwa ngemuva kokudla.
Kunomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: i-polyphenols ne-vitamin C kusekela ukunwebeka kwemithambo.
Kunomphumela wokufudumeza (暖胃, nuǎn wèi) — ngokwesintu kunconywa ngesikhathi esibandayo.
Kuyasiza ekululameni ngemuva kokukhathala kwengqondo nokomzimba.
I-fluoride ne-polyphenols etholakala etiyeni kukhuthaza impilo yomlomo.

9. Ukuminyanisa/Ukwenza Itiye:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90–95°C emaqoqweni avamile; 85–90°C emabangeni aphakeme abuthaka anezihloko eziningi.
Inani letiye: 4–6 g ku-100–120 ml (indlela ye-gōngfū) noma 2–3 g ku-200–250 ml (ukumisa enkomishini/kumshini).
Izitsha: I-gàiwǎn (盖碗) engu-100–120 ml — ukukhetha okuhle kokuveza iphunga; i-tiye le-porcelain ukuze uthole ukugcoba okuthambile, okuyindilinga; emaqoqweni aminene e-“Lǎo Cōng” i-tiye le-Yīxīng elenziwe ngobumba olubomvu noma lwe-zhúní liyasebenza.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza izitsha ngamanzi abilayo, wawachithe.
2. Faka ikhasi elomile, wamvale ngesembozo okwesikhashana — uphefume iphunga lekhasi elifudunyeziwe.
3. Ukuwashwa (uma uthanda): kuminyaniswe ngokushesha imizuzwana eyi-1–2, kutsheliwe.
4. Ukuminzanisa kokuqala: imizuzwana eyi-5–8.
5. Ukuminzanisa okulandelayo: yandisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana emi-3–5 ngakunye okulandelayo.
6. Isiqondiso: iminyaniso eyi-7–10 emaqoqweni asezingeni; i-“Lǎo Cōng” eminyene imelana neminyaniso eyi-12+. Emnyanisweni we-10 kuvela ama-note amasha e-mint.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Isitsha esingangeni moya nesingakhanyi (ikani likathini, isikhwama se-vacuum se-foil), ukuvikelwa ekukhanyeni, emswakameni, ephungeni langaphandle kanye nasekushintsheni okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokugcina liyi-10–25°C. Amaqoqo avamile e-Hé Hóngchá abukeka kangcono isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyi-12–24 ngemuva kokukhiqizwa. Amaqoqo aminene e-“Lǎo Cōng” ne-“Xiǎozhǒng” ngokugcinwa ngokucophelela angathuthuka kamnandi iminyaka emi-2–3, ethola imibala ejulile neyindilinga. Akunconywa ukugcina esiqandisini — itiye elibomvu lanele nje indawo epholile neyomile.

11. Intengo Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:

Intengo ye-Hé Hóngchá inqunywa yizinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile: ukuphakama lapho ikhula khona kanye nendawo encane ethile (Fózhài, Xīkēng, Tóngmùguān), isizini yokuvunwa (eyasentwasahlobo ibaluleke kakhulu), ibanga (isilinganiso sezihloko), isigaba sempahla engavuthiwe (“Lǎo Cōng” yezihlahla ezindala ibiza kakhulu), izinga lokucubungula ngesandla, kanye nokuba khona kwesitifiketi sophawu lwendawo. Amabanga aphakeme enziwe ngesandla anophawu lwe-GI — ingxenye yemikhigizo esezingeni eliphezulu; amaqoqo avamile asefekthri — ayatholakala.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukuthenga okungamgunyathi:
1. Hlola ubukhona bophawu lwendawo oluqinisekisiwe “铅山河红茶” kanye nesitifiketi sokudalula esivela kumkhiqizi ogunyaziwe ovela endaweni evikelwe.
2. Hlola indlela ebukeka ngayo: i-Hé Hóngchá yangempela ibonakala ngomhlangano omnyama, olinganayo, ocwebezelayo onamafutha, hhayi izicucu eziyaluza noma ezomile kakhulu.
3. Iphunga kufanele lihlanzekile, libe mnandi njengoju, lingabi nakubaba kwamakhemikhali, “ukusha” noma amaphunga angaphandle.
4. Ukugcoba — kucacile, kubomvu-okwolintshi nendandatho esagolide; ukugcoba okudungekile noma okungacacile kukhombisa ikhwalithi ephansi noma ukufakwa okungeyikho.
5. Intengo ephansi ngokwethusayo emaqoqweni abizwa ngokuthi “enziwe ngesandla”, “Lǎo Cōng” noma “anemiklomelo” — cishe kuwuphawu oluqinisekile lokufakwa kwempahla engavuthiwe evela kwezinye izifunda.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

I-Hékǒu ingelinye “lamadolobha amane amakhulu okuhweba esifundazweni sase-Jiāngxī” (江西四大名镇) kanye ne-Jǐngdézhèn, Zhāngshùzhèn ne-Wúchéngzhèn. Ngesikhathi sokuchuma kwawo emikhunjini yawo eyishumi izintaba zamabhokisi etiye zazilindele ukulayishwa emikhunjini.
Izingcweti zase-Yánshān (河帮茶师) ezakha futhi zasabalalisa ubuchwepheshe be-oxidation yetiye elibomvu kulo lonke elaseShayina. Isisho sendawo sithi: “河红茶叶通四海，河帮茶师遍天下” — “Itiye le-Hé Hóng lisabalala luye ezilwandle ezine, kanti izingcweti ze-Hé zisabalala kulo lonke elaseZulwini.”
Imbongi yamaRoma yaseNgilandi u-Lord Byron yakhuluma ngetiye elibomvu lase-Wǔyí (okuyilona i-Hé Hóngchá eyingxenye yalo) enkolweni ethi “Don Juan”, incoma ukunambitheka kwalo.
Ngesikhathi kuvuselelwa amasimu etiye ngo-1972 kwambiwa izimpande zetiye zasendulo ezingaphezu kuka-2000 (古茶蔸), okuqinisekise umlando wamakhulu eminyaka wokutshalwa kwetiye kulesi sifunda.
I-Yánshān Hé Hóngchá ngokomlando ixhumene nephepha le-Liánsì (连四纸, liánsì zhǐ) — amashidi aleli phepha lakudala ayesetshenziselwa ukugandaya imishini yokuvutshelwa kwetiye, okwakuthi ngokusho kwezingcweti zendawo, kwakunikeza ukugcoba ukuhlanzeka okwengeziwe.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye Abomvu:

Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng (正山小种, Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng): “Isihlobo” esiseduze — womabili amatiye avela ezintabeni zase-Wǔyí, kodwa ezinhlangothini ezahlukene: i-Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng ivela eningizimu (okwe-Fújiàn), i-Hé Hóngchá enyakatho (okwe-Jiāngxī). I-Zhèngshān Xiǎozhǒng yendabuko ibonakala ngephunga elibhenywayo lezinkuni zikaphayini (松烟香), kanti i-Hé Hóngchá inephrofayili ehlanzekile yoju nezithelo ngaphandle kwama-note entuthu.
Qímén Hóngchá (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá): I-“Qímén” yase-Ānhuī idume ngephunga eliyinkimbinkimbi elinamanuance ama-rose nezithelo (祁门香). I-Hé Hóngchá ilula kumaphunga, kodwa iminyene futhi imnandi kakhulu ekunambithekeni, “nomzimba” ogqamile wokugcoba. Ngokomlando i-Hé Hóngchá indala kune-Qímén cishe ngamakhulu amabili eminyaka.
Diānhóng (滇红, Diānhóng): Itiye elibomvu lase-Yúnnán elivela ezinhlotsheni ezinamaqabunga amakhulu ze-C. sinensis var. assamica linokunambitheka okunamandla, okwe-malt kanye nokugcoba kwe-orange okukhulu okuqinile. I-Hé Hóngchá, ekhiqizwa ngempahla engavuthiwe enamaqabunga amancane, inhle futhi imnene, inephunga eliphakeme nelihlanzekile.
Jīn Jùnméi (金骏眉, Jīn Jùnméi): Itiye elibomvu lesimanje elisezingeni eliphakeme elivela ezindaweni ezifanayo zase-Wǔyí, kodwa livela ezingxenyeni ezihlanzekile zehlumela. I-Jīn Jùnméi — ilula futhi ihle kakhulu, inobumnandi obugqamile bezimbali namazinyo; i-Hé Hóngchá — iminyene futhi “inomzimba”, inesimo esijulile soju.

14. Izinhlobo Ze-Hé Hóngchá:

Hé Hóng Gōngyá (河红贡芽): Ibanga eliphakeme kunawo wonke elivela emahlumeleni amnene kakhulu, eliyindlalifa yesiko lomnikelo wombusi.
Hé Hóng Xiǎozhǒng (河红小种): Isigaba sakudala, esikhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe bendabuko bezinhlobo ezincane ezivela empahleni engavuthiwe yehlumela elilodwa + 1–2 amaqabunga enhlobonhlobo encane yamaqabunga.
Hé Hóng Lǎo Cōng (河红老枞): Isigaba esikhethekile sempahla engavuthiwe evela ezihlahleni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70, ezikhula endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-400. Izinga — ihlumela elilodwa + amaqabunga ama-3. Ibonakala ngokujula kokunambitheka, amaminerali kanye nobumnandi “bezinkuni”.
Amabanga: Tèjí (特级, tèjí — eliphakeme kunawo wonke) kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo zekhwalithi eziya ngobukhulu beqabunga, isilinganiso sezihloko kanye nokulingana kokusonteka.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Hé Hóngchá — itiye elinomlando ongumlando omkhulu ngempela. Yilona elavulela umhlaba ukunambitheka kwetiye elibomvu laseShayina, lavula indlela kusukela ezikhumulweni zoqalo zase-Hékǒu kuya ezinkomishini ze-porcelain zaseLondon naseSt. Petersburg. Ubumnandi boju, ukugcwala okushelelayo kanye nokuqabuleka kwe-mint kweminyaniso yakamuva kwenza itiye elingavezwa ngaso leso sikhathi — lidinga isineke nokunaka, liklomelisa kakhulu ngakunye ukuminzanisa okusha. Kuthandi yetiye elibomvu, elifuna ukujula komlando enkomishini ngayinye, i-Hé Hóngchá izoba ukutholakala kwangempela — ubufakazi obuphilayo besiko letiye elinamakhulu amane eminyaka laseNyakatho ye-Wǔyí.