Guìdìng Xuě Yá · new.thetea.app

I-Guìdìng Xuě Yá (贵定雪芽, Guìdìng xuě yá) iyitiya eliluhlaza elimise okweziphepho elisezintabeni eziphakeme elivela esifundeni saseGuìdìng esifundazweni saseGuìzhōu. Lena iyisigaba esiphezulu se-”Guìdìng Yúnwù Gōngchá” (贵定云雾贡茶, “Itiya Lakwa-Guìdìng Elifu Lasezintabeni Elingumnikelo Wokuhlonipha”). Leli tiya linomlando omude kakhulu “we-gōngchá” (umnikelo wokuhlonipha) eShayina, owaqala ngokubhalwa phansi ngo-1325 (ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwa-Yuan), kwaze kwafinyelela etsheni elibunjiweyo elithi “Wàngǔ Liúfāng” (万古留芳, “Iphunga Eliyovakala Ezizukulwaneni Eziyizinkulungwane Eziyishumi”), elamiswa ngomyalelo ka-Qianlong ngo-1790 — okuwukuphela kwesikhumbuzo setshe e-Guìzhōu esiqinisekisa isimo setiya lokuhlonipha kombusi. Itiya lenziwa ngohlobo oluyisipesheli lwendawo lwase-Niǎowáng (鸟王, “Inkosi Yezinyoni”) — uhlobo oluphilayo oluvela ezigulini zendabuko, elaziwa ngokuthi “yisidala esiphilayo” emlandweni wetiya laseShayina — olutshalwa entabeni i-Yúnwù (云雾山), eyisiqongo esikhulu sozalo lwe-Miáolǐng (苗岭) futhi engumngcele wamanzi emifuleni emithathu emikhulu yase-Guìzhōu.

1. Isigaba Nendabuko:

Uhlobo: Itiya eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingavutshelwanga. Liyingxenye yetiya eliluhlaza eligazingiwe elinokugoqwa okuzungezayo (卷曲形炒青绿茶, juǎnqūxíng chǎoqīng lǜchá). Isimo sekhasi elithengiwe sifana nesikhonkwane sokudoba — yingakho igama lasendulo liwuthi “Yúgōuchá” (鱼钩茶, “Itiya Lesikhonkwane Sokudoba”).
Isigaba: Umugqa ophezulu kamkhiqizo we-”Guìdìng Yúnwù Gōngchá” (贵定云雾贡茶). Umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (国家地理标志保护产品, 2024). Enye “yamatiya ayishumi adumile ase-Guìzhōu” (贵州十大名茶). Isifunda saseGuìdìng sinesiqu esithi “Ikhaya Lamatiya Adumile Aseshayina” (中国名茶之乡) kanye ne “Ndawo Yomnikelo Wamatiya Wase-Miáolǐng” (中国苗岭贡茶之乡). Umnqobi woMbukiso Wezwa Zonke Wokuhlola Itiya wesine (2002, igolide). Ngo-1990, ekuhlolweni kwamatiya adumile kazwelonke lathola amaphuzu angu-99,85 — okuyiwona aphezulu kakhulu ezweni, lathola izindondo ezine ngasikhathi sinye, kuhlanganise nomklomelo woMnyango Wezohwebo “wetiya elingcono kakhulu”. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ngesandla be-”Yúnwù Gōngchá” bufakwe kuRejista Yamagugu Angaphatheki ase-Guìzhōu (2009).
Indabuko: IShayina, isifundazwe sase-Guìzhōu (贵州省, Guìzhōu Shěng), Isifunda Esizimele Sakwa-Bouyei namaMiao e-Qiánnán (黔南布依族苗族自治州), isifunda sase-Guìdìng (贵定县, Guìdìng Xiàn). Itiya likhiqizwa entabeni i-Yúnwù Shān (云雾山, Yúnwù Shān) — isiqongo esikhulu sozalo lwe-Miáolǐng (苗岭山脉主峰), okuyingxenye yomngcele wamanzi wemifula i-Wū (乌江), i-Yuán (沅江) kanye ne-Pán (盘江). Ukuphakama kwentaba kungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1500.
Izixhumanisi Zendawo: Cishe u-26°20′ enyakatho, u-107°14′ empumalanga.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: I-Guìdìng inomlando ojulile futhi obhalwe kahle kakhulu wamatiya e-Guìzhōu — iminyaka engaphezu kwe-2000 yokutshalwa kwetiya kanye neminyaka engaphezu kwe-600 yesimo esiqinisekisiwe se-”gōngchá”.

Isikhathi Sasenzeni. Eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-2000 eyedlule, okhokho babantu baseMiao (苗族, Miáozú), abahlala emithambekeni yentaba i-Yúnwù, baqala ukutshala itiya lasendle. Kwakhiqizwa izinhlobo zakuqala, ezanikwa amagama endawo: “Niǎowáng Chá” (鸟王茶, “Itiya Lenkosi Yezinyoni”), “Dōngmiáo Chá” (东苗茶), “Yúgōu Chá” (鱼钩茶, “Itiya Lesikhonkwane Sokudoba”), “Báiyún Chá” (白云茶, “Itiya Lamafu Amhlophe”). Abantu baseMiao babelibiza ngolimi lwabo itiya ngokuthi “Bùlǎojī” (不老几, bùlǎojī). KuseNtabeni i-Yúnwù kusenezihlahla zetiya zasendle ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-1000, ezinesiqu esingasindwa amadoda amane amadala kuphela, namakhanda angaphezu kwamamitha angu-40 ukuphakama — izinhloli eziphilayo zokuthi i-Guìdìng ingenye yezindawo okuvela kuzo isihlahla setiya.

Isikhathi so-”gōngchá”. Ukubhalwa phansi kokuqala kokuthunyelwa kwetiya laseGuìdìng enkantolo kuvela esikhathini sobukhosi bakwa-Yuan: ngo-1325 (ngomnyaka wesibili wokubusa kuka-Tàidìng) itiya lathunyelwa kuMbusi u-Tàidìng Dì. Ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwa-Ming (洪武五年, 1372) itiya lafakwa kurejista yombusi ye-”gōngchá”. Ku-”Kāngxī Guìzhōu Tōngzhì” (《康熙贵州通志》, 1673) kubhalwe ukuthi: “Zonke izindawo zase-Qiánzhōu zikhiqiza itiya, kodwa itiya lamafu laseNtabeni i-Yúnwù e-Guìdìng lidume kakhulu” (黔省各属皆产茶，贵定云雾最有名). Ekuqaleni kwesikhathi so-Qīng, itiya lase-Guìdìng laliphakathi “kwamatiya amakhulu ayisishiyagalombili aseShayina” (八大名茶).

Itshe Elibunjiweyo Elithi “Wàngǔ Liúfāng” (1790). Ngomnyaka wama-55 wokubusa kuka-Qiánlóng (乾隆五十五年, 1790) eNtabeni i-Yúnwù, eduze kwesango lase-Guānkǒuzhái (关口寨) emzaneni wase-Niǎowáng (鸟王村), kwamiswa itshe elibunjiweyo le-”Yúnwù Gōng Chá Bēi” (云雾贡茶碑) elinombhalo othi “万古留芳” (“Iphunga Eliyovakala Ezizukulwaneni Eziyizinkulungwane Eziyishumi”). Imbhalo yaleli tshe enezimpawu ezingama-228 yaqopha umyalo kahulumeni we-Qīng: ukuze kwehliswe umthwalo wabalimi baseMiao, ukuhoxiswa okwesikhashana kwentela yetiya, ukwenqatshelwa kokuqolwa yizikhulu zendawo, kanye nokunikezwa kwama-tael angama-420 esiliva ukweseka ukukhiqizwa kwe-”gōngchá”. Leli yilona kuphela etsheni elibunjiweyo e-Guìzhōu — futhi elingelinye lamatshe ambalwa eShayina — elibhalisa isimo sikahulumeni setiya lokuhlonipha. Ngo-1982, leli tshe lafakwa kuRejista Yezikhumbuzo Ezivikelwe yesifundazwe sase-Guìzhōu. Ngo-1805 (嘉庆十年) kwaphinde kwamiswa itshe elinquma imingcele yendawo yokukhiqizwa kwe-”gōngchá”.

Udumo lweZwe. Ngesikhathi so-Guāngxù (光绪, 1904–1905) uMbusi welizwe lase-Guìzhōu uLín Shàonián (林绍年) walungisa mathupha amabhokisi amabili etiya lase-Guìdìng: “elinye — leMbusi, elinye — leNdlovukazi Endala [okungukuthi uNdlovukazi u-Cíxǐ]”. Lokhu kubhalwa phansi kugcinwe “Emibhalweni Eyimfihlo yeSigodlo so-Qīng” (《清宫秘档》), egcinwe eMnyangweni Wezomlando Wokuqala weShayina e-Beijing.

Isikhathi Samanje. Kusukela ngo-1971 kuya ku-1982, ingcweti u-Lǐ Jīnshí (李金石) wahlela ubuchwepheshe bendabuko bokuphatha futhi wakha “Indlela Yezinyathelo Eziyisishiyagalolunye” (九步法, jiǔ bù fǎ) entsha yokukhiqiza ngemishini. Ngo-1982, itiya elisha lathola igama elithi “Guìdìng Xuě Yá” (贵定雪芽). Ngo-1990 — amaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu (99,85) ekuhlolweni kazwelonke nezindondo ezine. Ngo-1993 — indondo yegolide yombukiso wamazwe omhlaba. Ngo-1997 itiya lethulwa kuSihlalo wenhlangano yamaBuddhist aseShayina u-Zhào Pǔchū (赵朴初), owathi ngemva kokunambitha ukunambitheka kwalo (“清香味永” — “iphunga lihlanzekile, ukunambitheka kuphakade”), wazibhalela mathupha izimpawu ezithi “佛茶” (“Itiya LikaBuddha”).

Isazi samatiya esidumile, uprofesa u-Chén Chuán (陈椽) wanikela ngetiya lase-Guìdìng inkondlo emfishane: “Ngokuyigugu. Ngokuqinisekile isikhonkwane. / Umhluzi okhanyayo — umnikelo ophakeme. / Ulwandle lwamafu, idolobha elinenkungu, / Izinga nokuningi ngokuvumelana” (贵哉定钩，清茗贡修。云海雾都，质量兼优).
Igama:
- “Guìdìng” (贵定) — igama lesifunda, esasungulwa ngo-581. Igama elithi “贵” (“okuyigugu”, “okubalulekile”) — liyingxenye yegama lesifundazwe sase-Guìzhōu futhi ngasikhathi sinye lisikiselwa ukubaluleka okukhulu kwetiya lendawo.
- “Xuě Yá” (雪芽) — “Ihlumela Leqhwa”. Kukhomba eboyeni obuningi obusiliva obumboza ikhasi letiya njengeqhwa. Itiya liphinde laziwa ngamagama asendulo: “Yúnwù Gōngchá” (云雾贡茶, “Itiya Lamafu Lomnikele Wokuhlonipha”), “Niǎowáng Chá” (鸟王茶, “Itiya Lenkosi Yezinyoni”), “Yúgōu Chá” (鱼钩茶, “Itiya Lesikhonkwane Sokudoba”), “Báiyún Chá” (白云茶, “Itiya Lamafu Amhlophe”).
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Guìdìng Xuě Yá ayilona nje itiya, kodwa ingumfanekiso ophilayo “wamagugu amathathu” (三重遗产): igugu lomlando (itshe elibunjiwe lika-1790, imibhalo yeSigodlo so-Qīng), igugu lamasiko wesizwe (isiko lamakhulu eminyaka lokutshalwa kwetiya labaseMiao, amasiko okutheza nokunikezela) kanye negugu lamaBuddhist (iNtaba i-Yánbǎoshān — enye yezindawo ezintathu ezinkulu zamaBuddhist eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeShayina, lapho izindela zazilima khona “Itiya Lamafu Amhlophe” amakhulu eminyaka). Minyaka yonke e-Guìdìng kukhona “uMkhosi Wetiya Lomnikelo” (贡茶文化旅游节), ohilela imincintiswano yezinkunzi zamaMiao (斗牛) — umbukwane oheha izinkulungwane zezivakashi.

3. Incazelo Yesayensi Yezitshalo Nokungavuthiwe Kwaso:

Uhlobo / Isivande: Uhlobo oluyinhloko — Niǎowáng Qúntǐzhǒng (鸟王群体种, Niǎowáng Qúntǐzhǒng) — “Uhlobo Olusakazwayo LweNkosi Yezinyoni”. Lolu wuhlobo oluvela endaweni oluphilayo oluvela ezigulini zendabuko lwe-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis olutshalwa ngembewu, oluqashelwa ngokuthi “yisidala esiphilayo” (活化石) somlando wetiya lase-Guìzhōu, futhi ingenye yezinhlobo eziyingqayizivele zomhlaba zetiya. Izici: ikhasi liluhlaza, uboya buningi, amahlumela makhulu futhi anyinyekile, “ukugcina ubumnene” okuphezulu (持嫩性强). Linohlobo lwesihlahla (乔木型). Ezigabeni eziphakeme kusetshenziswa i-Niǎowáng kuphela; kweziningi — kusetshenziswa futhi i-Fúdǐng Dàbái Chá (福鼎大白茶).

Iphrofayili yamakhemikhali yohlobo lwe-Niǎowáng (ihlumela elilodwa, ikhasi elilodwa): izinto ezibizwa ngama-polyphenols — 31,67%, ama-amino acid — 2,18%, i-caffeine — 3,39%, izinto ezincibilika emanzini — 43,28%, ama-catechin — 114,66 mg/g.
Ukutheza: Kwenziwa izivuni ezingafika ezinhlanu ngonyaka — ezintathu zasentwasahlobo, azisi-zero kuya kwezimbili zasehlobo. Ukutheza kwasekwindla akwenziwa. Okuyigugu kakhulu yi-”míngqiánchá” (明前茶) — ngaphambi kwe-Qīngmíng (~5 Ephreli).
Izinga lokutheza:
- Isigaba esiphakeme kakhulu (特级): ihlumela elilodwa elinekhasi eliqala ukuvuleka (一芽一叶初展), okuthiwa “isihloko sepeni eliyinsimbi” (钢笔尖, gāngbǐ jiān) — isingathekiso esichaza ubukhali nobuhle behlumela.
- Isigaba sokuqala (一级): ihlumela elilodwa elinamakhasi amabili aqala ukuvuleka.
- Isigaba sesibili (二级): ihlumela elilodwa elinamakhasi amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Izidingo zokungavuthiwe: Amahlumela kumele abe anosayizi ofanayo, angagqabhukanga, anoboya obuningi. Isisho sendabuko sichaza izinga: “Khetha ngobumnene — ngathi [ubamba] ulimi lwenkonjanenhla ephuzi” (嫩采雅雀嘴, nèn cǎi yǎ què zuǐ).

4. Indawo Yetshala Nezici Zayo:

Isimo sezulu: INtaba i-Yúnwù isendaweni enesimo sezulu esinomoya wasolwandle ongenalanga kakhulu — amahora onyaka okukhanya kwelanga angu-677–1068 kuphela, kanti izinga lokukhanya kwelanga (日照率) lingu-15–24%. Lena enye yezindawo ezinamafu kakhulu ezitshala itiya eShayina. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka jikelele lingu-13,9–15°C. Imvula yonyaka ingu-1100–1800 mm. Umswakama ohlobene ungu-≥80%. Inani lezinsuku ezinamafu endaweni eyinhloko yokukhiqiza lingaphezu kuka-200. Isikhathi esingenazikhithi siyizinsuku ezingama-300–340.
Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Amamitha angama-800–1400 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza isezindaweni eziphakama ngamamitha ayi-1200–1500, endaweni engenamafu njalo.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ephuzi ene-asidi (酸性黄壤, suānxìng huáng rǎng) ene-pH eyi-4,4–4,85. Isilinganiselo sezinto eziphilayo singu-3,19% (izinga eliphezulu kakhulu). Inhlabathi icebile ngamaminerali.
Izindawo ezisemqoka zokukhiqiza:
- Idolobhana i-Yúnwù (云雾镇), umzana i-Yángwàng (仰望村) — indawo yomlando eyinhloko yokukhiqiza, lapho kukhona itshe elibunjiweyo elithi “Wàngǔ Liúfāng”. Umzana i-Niǎowáng (鸟王村) — “uyise” wohlobo lwe-Niǎowáng.
- Umzana i-Yíngshān (营上村) — amasimu amadala etiya.
- Ipulazi Letiya i-”Yúnwù Hú” (云雾湖茶场) — indawo yesimanje yokukhiqiza. Ukumbozwa ngamahlathi kungu-44%.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Guìdìng Xuě Yá ikhiqizwa nge-”Ndlela Yezinyathelo Eziyisishiyagalolunye” (九步法, jiǔ bù fǎ) eyakhiwe ingcweti u-Lǐ Jīnshí kusukela ngo-1971 kuya ku-1982 ngokusekelwe esikweni lasendulo “lokugazinga kathathu nokuphotha kathathu” (三炒三揉, sān chǎo sān róu). Isici esisemqoka — ukwakheka kwesimo esiyisiyingi njenge “khonkwane” kwenzeka ngqo ebhodweni elishisayo.

Ukutheza (采摘 — cǎi zhāi): Ukutheza ngesandla ngezinga “lolimi lwenkonjanenhla ephuzi”.
Ukwendlala (摊凉 — tān liáng): Amahlumela endlalwa ezingolwaneni zoqalo isikhathi esingamahora ama-2–4.
“Ukubulala uhlaza” (杀青 — shāqīng): Ukuphathwa ngaphakathi kuka-130–150°C. Ukumiswa kwama-enzyme, ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo sephunga.
Ukuphotha ebhodweni — ukuphotha okushisayo (锅内热揉 — guōnèi rè róu): Isinyathelo esiyingqayizivele: ukuphotha kwenziwa ngqo ebhodweni elishisayo, hhayi phezu kwetafula elihlukene. Imijikelezo emithathu “yokuphotha okushisayo” yakha isimo esiyingqayizivele esinjengokhonkwane lokudoba.
Ukwakhiwa — “ukugingqika nokuphakamisa uboya” (搓团提毫 — cuōtuán tíháo): Ikhasi ligingqikwa libe yimiswebu emincane, kuyilapho uboya obusiliva “buphakanyiselwa” ngaphezulu.
Ukomiswa (烘焙 — hōngbèi): Ukomiswa kokugcina ngomlilo ophansi (文火足干, wénhuǒ zúgān) kuze kukhishwe wonke umswakama. Indlela enobumnene igcina iphunga loju.

6. Izici Ezingazwakaliyo Ngenhliziyo:

Ukubukeka kwekhasi elomile: Imiswebu egoqwe ngokuqinile (紧秀如螺), ekhumbuza izikhonkwane zokudoba (鱼钩状弯曲) — ezigabeni eziphakeme. Umbala — uluhlaza njengelitshe eliyigugu ngoboya obuningi obusiliva (翠绿披银毫). Esigabeni esiphakeme kakhulu — kufika ku-80% yobuso obumbozwe uboya.
Iphunga lekhasi elomile: Lenojiwo (蜜香, mìxiāng) — iphunga eliyinhloko nelibonakala kakhulu le-Guìdìng Xuě Yá. Lengezwe iphunga eliphezulu lezimbali (花香高扬). Inkomishi ebandayo igcina iphunga imizuzu engaphezu kwengama-30 (.) — okukhombisa okuhle kakhulu.
Iphunga lomhluzi: Iphunga lezimbali nelinoju, elizinzile futhi elihle. Emiqulweni engcono kakhulu — kunephunga le-ladan noju lwasezintabeni.
Ukunambitheka: Okusha (鲜爽), kunokunomsoco okugqamile — umphumela wesilinganiselo esiphakeme kakhulu sama-amino acid (6–9% ngokwemininingwane ethile). Umzimba ominyene (醇厚, chúnhòu) ngenxa yama-polyphenols (25–30%). Ukubuya koshukela (回甘) — okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi okwandayo.
Umbala womhluzi: Oluhlazana ophuzi, okhanyayo futhi osobala (黄绿明亮).
Ikhasi elisele ngemuva kokunithwa (ikhasi elibunjiweyo): Lihlaza ngobumnene, liyifani, amahlumela avuleka engaphelele. Lapho linithwa ngenkomishi yengilazi, kukhona umphumela obonakalayo: ifu lomhwamuko ngaphezu kwenkomishi liqala lifane nesambulela, bese liba ifu, bese likhuphukela phezulu kancane — yingakho leli tiya laqanjwa elinye lamagama alo: “Itiya Lamafu” (云雾茶).

7. Isakhiwo Samakhemikhali:

Ama-polyphenols: 25–30% (ngokohlobo lwe-Niǎowáng — kufika ku-31,67%). Anikeza umzimba ominyene namandla aphawulekayo okulwa nokudala.
Ama-amino acid (kuhlanganise ne-L-theanine): 6–9% (ngokwemininingwane ethile evela emithonjeni; imininingwane ejwayelekile yohlobo lwe-Niǎowáng — 2,18%). Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu, elicaza ubumnandi obunjengoju “nokunomsoco”.
I-caffeine: ~3,39% (ngokohlobo lwe-Niǎowáng). Izinga elilinganiselwe.
Izinto ezincibilika emanzini: ≥43,28%. Inala yezingxenye ezincibilikayo.
Ama-catechin: 114,66 mg/g. Izinga eliphezulu le-EGCG.
Amavithamini: Uvithamini C, amavithamini eqembu B.
Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-manganese.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Umsebenzi onamandla wokulwa nokudala: Ama-polyphenols 25–30% + ama-catechin 114,66 mg/g.
Umphumela wokukhuphula amandla: I-caffeine (~3,4%) ihlanganiswe ne-L-theanine — amandla athambile “ahamba kancane”.
Ukusebenza kokuqabulayo nokwehlisa umkhuhlane: Isimo “esipholile” setiya eliluhlaza — ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko ngezikhathi zezinyanga ezishisayo.
Ukusekela ukugayeka kokudla: Ama-catechin alinganisa amagciwane amancane amathumbu.
Ukusekela uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenols asiza ukulinganisa ukugaywa kwamafutha.
Ukusebenza kokuqinisa jikelele: Inhlanganisela yamavithamini namaminerali avela enhlabathini enezinto eziphilayo enothile yasezintabeni.

9. Ukunithwa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 80–85°C.
Inani letya: 3 g nge-150 ml.
Isitsha: Ingilazi engenambala (ukuze kubonakale umphumela “wamafu” womhwamuko) noma i-gaiwan yobumba.
Inqubo:
1. Fudumeza ingilazi noma i-gaiwan.
2. Thela itiya.
3. Indlela “yokuthululela phansi” (下投法): thela ingxenye eyi-1/3 yamanzi, “geza” itiya (润茶) ngemizuzu engama-30, uchithe.
4. Thela amanzi aze afinyelele ku-7/10 womthamo. Gcina imizuzu eyi-1–2.
5. Isigaba esiphezulu singakwazi ukumelana nokunithwa oku-3; okulandelayo ngakunye — +imizuzwana eyi-10.
6. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokunambitha lingu ~60°C: ngaleli zinga lokushisa ubusha buba bukhulu kakhulu.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Ukupakishwa okuvaleke ngokuphelele, ukuvikela ekukhanyeni, emswakameni nasemaphungeni.
Okuhle kakhulu — efrijini ka-0–5°C.
Ngemva kokuvulwa — sebenzisa kungakapheli inyanga eyi-1.
Gwema ukunithwa isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emi-3 — ukukhishwa isikhathi eside kwandisa ukuqina kokwehla.

11. Intengo Nomgunyazo:

Isigaba sentengo: Ingxenye ephezulu yamatiya aluhlaza ase-Guìzhōu. Isigaba esiphakeme kakhulu (特级, míngqiánchá) kusuka ohlotsheni lwe-Niǎowáng — kusukela ku-600–1000 yuan nge-500 g. Isigaba sokuqala — 300–500 yuan. Isigaba sesibili — sifinyeleleka kalula.
Ungawagwema kanjani umgunyazo:
- Thenga kubakhiqizi abanophawu lwendawo “贵定云雾贡茶”.
- Itiya langempela — imiswebu egoqwe ngokuqinile enoboya obuningi nephunga loju. Umgunyazo uvame ukuba khululekile, ngaphandle kwephunga loju.
- Inkomishi ebandayo kumele igcine iphunga imizuzu engu-≥15 — lokhu kuyisivivinyo esinokwethenjelwa.
- Intengo ephansi kakhulu — uphawu lwengozi: ukungavuthiwe kwe-Niǎowáng kweqiniso kunomkhawulo.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Yilona etsheni elibunjiweyo “le-gōngchá” e-Guìzhōu kuphela. “Yúnwù Gōng Chá Bēi” (1790, izimpawu ezingama-228) — yilona kuphela esikhumbuzweni setshe esifundazweni esiqinisekisa isimo sobukhosi setiya. Kusukela ngo-1982 — into evikelwe. Itshe elibunjiweyo elithi “Wàngǔ Liúfāng” — “Iphunga Eliyovakala Ezizukulwaneni Eziyizinkulungwane Eziyishumi” — laqopha hhayi kuphela isimo setiya, kodwa nenqubomgomo yezenhlalo: ukukhululwa kwabalimi baseMiao enteleni enzima “yetiya”.
Amabhokisi amabili e-Cíxǐ. Ngo-1904–1905, uMbusi we-Guìzhōu uLín Shàonián wathumela enkantolo amabhokisi amabili etiya lase-Guìdìng: “elinye — leMbusi, elinye — leNdlovukazi Endala”. Lokhu kubhalwa phansi kugcinwe Emibhalweni Eyimfihlo yeSigodlo so-Qīng (中国第一档案馆).
“Itiya LikaBuddha”. Ngo-1997, uSihlalo wenhlangano yamaBuddhist aseShayina u-Zhào Pǔchū, ngemva kokunambitha itiya elenziwe ngokungavuthiwe okuvela eNtabeni i-Yánbǎoshān (indawo engcwele yamaBuddhist ase-Guìdìng), wazibhalela mathupha izimpawu ezithi “佛茶” — “Itiya LikaBuddha”.
Amaphuzu angu-99,85. Ngo-1990, i-Guìdìng Xuě Yá yathola amaphuzu angu-99,85 kwayi-100 eMhlanganweni Kazwelonke Wokuhlola Amatiya Adumile — umphumela ophakeme kakhulu ezweni ngalowo nyaka. Lokhu kwavula indlela yokuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele.
Umphumela “wamafu” womhwamuko. Ku-”Zhōngguó Wényì Jíchéng Zhìshū” (《中国文艺集成志书》) kuchazwa umphumela obonakalayo oyingqayizivele: “Lapho kukhishwa isivalo enkomishini, kukhuphuka umhwamuko omhlophe — uqala ufane nesanqindi, bese uba ifu, bese unyamalala kancane esibhakabhakeni. Ngakho-ke itiya libizwa ngokuthi ‘Ngelefu’”.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiya aluhlaza ase-Guìzhōu:

Dōuyún Máo Jiān (都匀毛尖): Itiya eliyinhloko “elinedumela” lase-Guìzhōu. Ligoqiwe, linoboya, linobusha obubukhali. I-Guìdìng Xuě Yá — “amalengiso” aqondile, ubumnandi obunjengoju, obuhle kakhudlwana.
Méitán Cuì Yá (湄潭翠芽): Iyisicaba, inephunga lamantongomane (liseduze ne-Lóng Jǐng). I-Guìdìng — “inamalengiso”, inephunga lezimbali noju, inomlando wezinkulungwane zeminyaka “we-gōngchá”.
Léigōngshān Yínqiú Chá (雷山银球茶): Itiya eliyindilinga, liphinde livela ezintabeni ze-Miáolǐng. Isimo esihluke ngokupheleleyo, kodwa indawo yetshala eseduze (izintaba ezinamafu, 1200+ m).

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiya aluhlaza ase-Guìzhōu:

Dōuyún Máo Jiān (都匀毛尖): Itiya eliyinhloko “elinedumela” lase-Guìzhōu. Ligoqiwe, linoboya, linobusha obubukhali. I-Guìdìng Xuě Yá — “amalengiso” aqondile, ubumnandi obunjengoju, obuhle kakhudlwana.
Méitán Cuì Yá (湄潭翠芽): Iyisicaba, inephunga lamantongomane (liseduze ne-Lóng Jǐng). I-Guìdìng — “inamalengiso”, inephunga lezimbali noju, inomlando wezinkulungwane zeminyaka “we-gōngchá”.
Léigōngshān Yínqiú Chá (雷山银球茶): Itiya eliyindilinga, liphinde livela ezintabeni ze-Miáolǐng. Isimo esihluke ngokupheleleyo, kodwa indawo yetshala eseduze (izintaba ezinamafu, 1200+ m).

Ekuphetheni:

I-Guìdìng Xuě Yá — itiya elinohlu lozalo olungafanelwa abaningi “abayishumi abakhulu”: kusukela ekubhalweni kokuqala emibhalweni yoMbuso wase-Yuan (1325) kuya etsheni elibunjiweyo lika-Qiánlóng (1790) namabhokisi e-Cíxǐ (1904) kuya ekubhalweni kwezimpawu okuthi “Itiya LikaBuddha” (1997) kanye namaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu ekunambitheni kazwelonke (1990). Ngaphandle kwalo mlando kunendawo yetshala eyingqayizivele — isiqongo esikhulu se-Miáolǐng, esimbozwe amafu izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-200 ngonyaka — kanye nohlobo oluyingqayizivele lwe-Niǎowáng, olungenakufaniswa nalutho ngaphandle kwase-Guìdìng. Enkomishini — ubumnandi obunjengoju obunephunga lezimbali kanye nomhwamuko “wamafu” ngaphezu komhluzi. Itiya kulabo abazisayo hhayi kuphela ukunambitheka, kodwa nomlando ekuphuzeni ngakunye.