I-Dàyèqīng · new.thetea.app

I-Dàyèqīng (大叶青, dàyèqīng) iyisibonelo esiyingqayizivele setiye eliphuzi, okuwumkhiqizo okhethekile wesifundazwe sase-Guangdong. Nakuba igama elithi “qīng” (青) lisuselwa egameni elisho ukuthi “luhlaza” noma “luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka”, leli tiye liyingxenye yamatiye aphuzi ngenxa yesigaba esibalulekile “sokuvuthwa okumanzi”, esaziwa njenge-mènhuáng (闷黄), esikhiqiza izici eziphawulekayo “zeqabunga eliphuzi nengxube ephuzi”. I-Dàyèqīng igqama phakathi kwamanye amatiye aphuzi ngokulandelana okuhlukile kokucubungula: kuqala ukoma (萎凋, wěidiāo), bese kuba “nokubulawa kohlaza” (杀青, shā qīng), kwandule ukusongwa (揉捻, róuniǎn), bese kuba ukuvuthwa okuvaliwe. Yilo kuphela itiye eliphuzi eliqala ukucubungula ngesigaba sokoma, okuyenza ihambelane nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ama-oolong namatiye abomvu.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliphuzi (黄茶, huángchá), elivutshiwe kancane. Lingaphansi kweqembu elincane “lwetiye eliphuzi lamaqabunga amakhulu” (黄大茶, huáng dà chá) — kanye ne-Huangshan Huangdacha (黄山黄大茶) yase-Anhui.
Isigaba: Umkhiqizo okhethekile wesifundazwe sase-Guangdong, omele isigaba se-huáng dà chá.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe sase-Guangdong (广东, Guǎngdōng). Izindawo eziphambili zokukhiqiza: amadolobha ase-Shaoguan (韶关, Sháoguān), Zhaoqing (肇庆, Zhàoqìng), Zhanjiang (湛江, Zhànjiāng), kanye nezifunda zase-Meizhou (梅州, Méizhōu) nase-Qingyuan (清远, Qīngyuǎn).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe 24°–25° enyakatho ye-latitude, 112°–114° empumalanga ye-longitude.

2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Ukwakhiwa kwe-Dàyèqīng kusukela enkathini ye-Ming, ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Longqing (隆庆, Lóngqìng, 1567–1572). Abatshali betiye base-Guangdong, besebenzisa amaqabunga amakhulu ezihlahla zetiye zendawo nezase-Yunnan, bathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisa ukoma nokuvuthwa okulandelayo. Ngesikhathi soBukhosi be-Qing (清, Qīng, 1644–1912) ukukhiqiza kwaya phezulu: i-Dàyèqīng kanye ne-Junshan Yinzhen bathatha izikhundla phakathi kwamatiye aphuzi adumile e-China. Ekhulwini lama-20, amanani okukhiqiza ancipha ngenxa yokuncintisana kwezimakethe namatiye aluhlaza nabomvu. Ukuvuselelwa kwaqala ngeminyaka yawo-2010: ngo-2014, i-Dàyèqīng yathola isitifiketi “seNkomba Yezwe Kazwelonke” (国家地理标志, Guójiā dìlǐ biāozhì). Ngo-2021 ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bafakwa embhalweni wefa lamasiko angaphatheki lesifundazwe sase-Guangdong.
Igama:
- “Dà” (大) — likhulu, elikhulu.
- “Yè” (叶) — iqabunga.
- “Qīng” (青) — luhlaza, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (futhi lingasho “usha”, “omusha”).
- Ngakho, “Dàyèqīng” lihunyushwa njengo “itiye eliluhlaza elinamaqabunga amakhulu”. Igama likhombisa impahla eluhlaza — amaqabunga amakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zase-Yunnan zesihlahla setiye — kanye nombala oyingqamulaju oluhlaza weqabunga elomile, okuthi, naphezu kokuvuthwa, alondoloze umbala ohlaza ngokumnyama ophuzi. Kungenxa yegama ukuthi i-Dàyèqīng ivame ukuthathwa ngephutha njenge-oolong (qingcha, 青茶), nakuba ngobuchwepheshe kanye nephrofayili yokunambitheka iyingxenye yamatiye aphuzi ngokungangabazeki.
- Elinye igama: Guangdong Dàyèqīng (广东大叶青, Guǎngdōng Dàyèqīng).
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Dàyèqīng iwuphawu lwesiko letiye lase-Lingnan (岭南, Lǐngnán) — isifunda somlando namasiko “eseningizimu yezintaba”, esihlanganisa i-Guangdong nezindawo ezingomakhelwane. Leli tiye lingelinye lamatiye aphuzi ambalwa akhiqizwa eningizimu ye-China, okuyenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yefa letiye lesifunda. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-Dàyèqīng ibekwe njengomkhiqizo wezokuvakasha kwetiye, ikakhulukazi endaweni yase-Danxia (丹霞, Dānxiá) eduze kwase-Shaoguan — okuyiNdawo Yamagugu Engenamkhawulo ye-UNESCO.

3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo:

Uhlobo: Njengempahla eluhlaza, kusetshenziswa kakhulu uhlobo lwamahlamvu amakhulu lwase-Yunnan lwesihlahla setiye — Camellia sinensis var. assamica, olwaziwa e-China njenge-Yunnan daye zhong (云南大叶种, Yúnnán dàyè zhǒng). Lesi isimo sesihlahla (乔木型, qiáomù xíng) samahlamvu amakhulu, esihluke ezinhlotsheni ezincane ezinamahlamvu amancane zase-central nasempumalanga China. Amaqabunga afinyelela ku-10–15 cm ubude no-5–7 cm ububanzi, aqukethe inani eliphezulu lama-polyphenols etiye (≥30% wesisindo esomile). Kusetshenziswa futhi izinhlobo zamaqembu zendawo zase-Guangdong (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng).
Ukuvuna: Isikhathi esiyinhloko sokuvuna siwela entwasahlobo (Mashi–Ephreli) nasehlobo (Meyi–Juni). Ukuvuna kwentwasahlobo kuveza impahla eluhlaza enephunga elimnandi nethakazelisayo, kanti ukukhiqiza kwasehlobo kunamandla futhi kugcwele.
Izinga lokuvuna: Iqabunga elilodwa kanye namahlamvu amabili noma amathathu (一芽二三叶, yī yá èr sān yè). Ezinhlotsheni eziphakeme, kuvunyelwa iqabunga elilodwa namahlamvu amabili.
Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza: Amaqabunga kufanele abe masha, aphile, futhi angenakho ukulimala kwemishini. Amahlumela anemibala ebonakalayo (显毫, xiǎn háo) akhethwayo. Ukuvuna kwenziwa ngesikhathi esomile, ikakhulukazi ekuseni ngemuva kokoma kommbila.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:

Isifunda: Isifundazwe sase-Guangdong siseningizimu ye-China. Umngcele osenyakatho wesifunda uklanywe ububanzi base-Nanling (南岭, Nánlǐng), obuvikela indawo emimoyeni ebandayo yasenyakatho. Itropiki yaseNyakatho idlula engxenyeni emaphakathi yesifundazwe.
Ukuphakama kokutshala: Izivande zetiye zitholakala ekuphakameni okusuka kumamitha angama-300 kuya kwayisithupha ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Izinto ezingcono kakhulu zivela emasimini asendaweni engamamitha angama-500–800.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ebomvu noma ebomvu nsundu ye-laterite (红壤, hóng rǎng), eyakhiwe phezu kwamadwala egranite nentaba-mlilo agugile. Inhlabathi ine-acidity (pH 4.5–5.5), idonsa kahle, futhi inamazinga aphezulu e-iron ne-aluminium. Esigodini sase-Shaoguan Danxia kunezinhlabathi eziyingqayizivele ezakhiwe phezu kwetshe lesihlabathi elibomvu, ezicebiswe nge-selenium (0.15–0.35 mg/kg).
Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical ne-monsoon yendawo eshisayo. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo ≥22°C, ezindaweni eziyizintaba — cishe 20.5°C. Imvula yonyaka 1500–1800 mm. Umswakamo ophezulu, inkungu evamile (kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-200 ngonyaka ezindaweni eziyizintaba), ukuhluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa kosuku kusiza ekukhuleni okuhamba kancane kweqabunga nokunqwabelana kwezinto ezinuka kamnandi.
Izici: Amasimu etiye atholakala emithambekeni yezintaba nasezindaweni ezinamagquma (山地和低山丘陵), okuqinisekisa ukudonsa kwamanzi kwemvelo nokukhanya okuhlakazekile. Amapulazi amaningi asebenzisa ezolimo ezisimeme ezinomjikelezo ovaliwe “wengulube–i-biogas–ingadi yetiye”.

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-Dàyèqīng buhlukile phakathi kwamatiye aphuzi. Umehluko oyinhloko ukuba khona kwesigaba sokoma ngaphambi “kokubulawa kohlaza”, okungajwayelekile kulesi sigaba samatiye futhi kusondeza inqubo ekucubunguleni ama-oolong. Ukukhiqiza kuhlanganisa izigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko:

Ukwoma (萎凋 — wěidiāo): Amaqabunga asanda kuvunwa andlalwa ngendlela encanyana emathreyini emigqolo noma ngaphezulu endaweni evulekile futhi agcinwe amahora angu-4–8. Ngalesi sikhathi amaqabunga alahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama, abe thambile futhi avumeleke kalula. Ukwoma kusebenze ama-enzyme, kuqala izinqubo zokuqala zokufaka umoya-mpilo futhi kusiza ekuthuthukiseni iphunga. Lona ngumehluko oyinhloko we-Dàyèqīng kwamanye amatiye aphuzi, lapho ukucubungula kuqala ngqo “ngokubulawa kohlaza”.
“Ukubulawa kohlaza” (杀青 — shā qīng): Amaqabunga awomile acutshungulwa emabhodweni ashisayo (锅, guō) ezingeni lokushisa elingu-220–240°C. Kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela yezindlela: ukushintshaniswa kwesishiselo “esibonakalayo” (透炒, tòu chǎo) nokuvuthwa “okuvaliwe” (闷炒, mèn chǎo). Lesi sigaba sisebenza ama-enzyme, simisa ukufakwa komoya-mpilo okungalawuleki, sibeka umbala nephunga. Indlela ye-“tòu-mèn” (透闷结合) isiza ekufinyeleleni ukulingana phakathi kokusha nokujula kokunambitheka.
Ukusonga (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Amaqabunga asongwa ngezigaya zemishini (noma ngesandla) isikhathi esiyimizuzu engama-45. Inqubo ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: esokuqala — imizuzu engama-30 (imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphandle kwengcindezi, imizuzu eyi-10 ngengcindezi elula, imizuzu emihlanu yokuphumula), esesibili — imizuzu eyi-15 (imizuzu eyi-10 ngengcindezi ephakathi nendawo, imizuzu emihlanu yokuphumula). Inhloso ukunikeza iqabunga isimo esiyisici setambo eliqinile, ukuqeda izindonga zamaseli ukuze kukhishwe okungcono kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwenziwa, ngenkathi kugcinwa ubuqotho beqabunga noboya obumhlophe.
Ukuvuthwa / Mèn duī (闷堆 — mèn duī): Lesi sigaba esibalulekile sakha izimfanelo zetiye eliphuzi. Amaqabunga asongiwe abekwa ngosendlalelo olungu-30–40 cm emabhasikinini emigqolo, ambozwe ngendwangu emanzi futhi ashiywe endaweni evaliwe. Izinga lokushisa leqabunga ligcinwa cishe lingu-35°C. Isikhathi sokulinda sincike ezingeni lokushisa elizungezile: ezingeni lokushisa legumbi elingaphansi kuka-25°C — amahora angu-4–5; ngaphezulu kuka-28°C — cishe amahora amathathu. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, kuba khona ukufakwa komoya-mpilo okungadliwa ama-enzyme: ama-polyphenols ne-chlorophyll konakala kancane ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa nomswakama (ngaphandle kwe-enzyme), kwakheka izinsiza eziphuzi eziyisici futhi kuqeda ubushoshovu obubukhali. Inkomba yokulungela: iqabunga lithola umbala ophuzi ngokuluhlaza nobukhazikhazi obuphawulekayo, kushabalala “iqīngqì” (青气) — iphunga elibuhlungu lotshani, kuvele iphunga elicebile nelihlanzekile.
Ukomiswa (干燥 — gānzào): Kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Isishiselo sokuqala — “máohuǒ” (毛火, máo huǒ) — ezingeni lokushisa elingu-110–120°C ukuze kwehliswe umswakama ngokushesha. Isishiselo sesibili — “zúhuǒ” (足火, zú huǒ) — ezingeni lokushisa cishe elingu-90°C ukuze kuqiniswe iphunga futhi kwehliswe umswakama ube ≤6%. Ukomiswa okunezigaba ezimbili kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwetiye ngesikhathi sokugcinwa isikhathi eside.
Ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlanganiswa (分级拼配 — fēnjí pīnpèi): I-máochá (毛茶) esilungile ihlukaniswa ngosayizi, isimo kanye nekhwalithi yeqabunga. Lapho kunesidingo, kwenziwa ukulahlwa nokusefa, ngenhloso yokulondoloza ubuqotho beqabunga. Itiye elihlukene lihlanganiswa ngokuya ngezindinganiso zebanga elinikeziwe (kusukela ebangeni loku-1 kuya kwelesi-5).

6. Izici Ezithinta Izitho:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amaqabunga amakhulu, agcwele, aqinile asesimweni setambo (条索肥壮紧结, tiáo suǒ féi zhuàng jǐn jié). Iqabunga lisinda, liminyene, liphelele, linoboya obumhlophe obubonakala kahle. Usayizi weqabunga mkhulu kakhulu kunamanye amatiye amaningi aphuzi. Umbala uluhlaza okotshani omnyama onesici esiphuzi esisobala (青润显黄).
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Ihlanzekile, ithobekile, inethoni yesici ethi “guōbāxiāng” (锅耙香, guō bā xiāng) — iphunga elifudumele elifana nokuqhuma kwelayisi okugazingiwe. Ngokuya ngezinga lokucubungula, kungaba khona amanothi amancane wezimbali nezithelo.
Iphunga lengxube: Ihlanzekile, ivamile, igcwele amanothi okugazingiwe, esinkwa. Iqubuka kancane: izinto zokuqala ezithelwayo zinikeza iphunga elisha, lemifino, kanti okulandelayo kujule futhi kufudumele. Emasampulini avuthiwe kuvela amathoni e-“chénxiāng” (陈香) — ubudala obuhloniphekile.
Ukunambitheka: Kucebile, kuminyene (浓醇, nóng chún), kunokuma okunamafutha okugqamile. Ekunambithekeni, amanothi e-malt, okusanhlamvu okugazingiwe, ne-cotton anembe kakhulu. Ubushoshovu bulinganiselwe, busebenze ngokushesha bube ukunambitheka okumnandi (回甘, huí gān). Ubumuncu buncane ngenxa yesigaba se-mèn duī, esehlisa okuqukethwe kwama-catechin amahhala. Ukunambitheka okulandelayo kuthatha isikhathi eside, kunomunyu omncane wamaminerali.
Umbala wengxube: Ukukhanya, ukusobala, okuwolintshi ophuzi ocebile (橙黄明亮, chéng huáng míng liàng). Ngokukhula kwetiye, ingxube ingathola umbala ojulile, we-amber.
Okuphansi kwetiye (iqabunga elenziwe): Amaqabunga anemibala ephuzi ngokukhanyayo efanayo (淡黄匀整), athambile, anwebekayo, avuleke kahle. Emasampulini ekhwalithi ephezulu, kunomphetho obomvu osobala emaphethelweni eqabunga (红边, hóng biān), okufakazela isigaba sokoma esenziwe ngendlela efanele.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-polyphenols: Okuqukethwe ama-polyphenols etiye ku-Dàyèqīng kucishe kube ngu-14–18% wesisindo esomile — okuphansi kakhulu kunasempahleni yokuqala (≥30%), okuchazwa ngokonakala okuyingxenye kwama-catechin ngesikhathi se-mèn duī. Ingxenye eyinhloko i-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), nakuba ukuhlangana kwayo kuphansi kunasematiyeni aluhlaza avela empahleni efanayo. Isigaba sokuvuthwa sisiza ukuguqulwa kwengxenye yama-catechin abe ngama-theaflavin nama-thearubigin, akha umbala nokunambitheka kwengxube.
Ama-amino acid: Okuqukethwe ama-amino acid amahhala kungu-2–4%. I-L-theanine yi-amino acid ehamba phambili, enikeza inothi le-umami nomphumela wokuphumula. Izinto ezisemazingeni aphezulu ezivela ezindaweni eziyisisekelo (ikakhulukazi ukuvuna kwentwasahlobo) zingaqukatha kufika ku-6% wama-amino acid.
Ama-alkaloid: I-caffeine — 3–4% wesisindo esomile (okuqukethwe ngaphezu kwesilinganiso phakathi kwamatiye aphuzi, okuchazwa ukusetshenziswa kohlobo lwe-var. assamica enamaqabunga amakhulu). I-theobromine ne-theophylline zitholakala ngamanani amancane.
Amavithamini: I-vitamin C (nakuba okuqukethwe kwayo kuncipha ngesikhathi sokucubungula ukushisa), amavithamini eqembu B (B1, B2, B6), i-vitamin E.
Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-fluoride. Izinto ezivela endaweni yase-Danxia zingaqukatha amazinga aphezulu e-selenium.
Ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla: Ngesikhathi se-mèn duī, kwakheka ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla (消化酶, xiāohuà méi), agcinwa etiyeni esilungile futhi asiza ukuthuthukisa ukugayeka kokudla. Lesi sici siyisici sawo wonke amatiye aphuzi.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Ukuthuthukiswa kokugayeka kokudla: Ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla akhiwa ngesikhathi se-mèn duī asiza ukuhlukanisa ukudla nokwenza umsebenzi womgudu wokugaya usebenze kahle. Ngokwesiko, kunconywa ngemuva kokudla okuningi.
Ukuvikela ama-antioxidant: Ama-polyphenols nama-catechin enza ama-radical amahhala angasebenzi, ehlisa izinqubo zokuguga kwamaseli.
Umphumela ovuselelayo: Ukukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-caffeine kunikeza umphumela ovuselelayo osobala, kuyilapho i-L-theanine iwuthambisa, okwenza ukukhuthazeka kube mnene futhi kuthathe isikhathi eside.
Ukusekela ukugayeka kwamafutha: Ama-polyphenols asiza ukusheshisa ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha nokwehlisa izinga le-cholesterol “embi” egazini.
Ukwengamela izinga likashukela: Ama-polysaccharides etiye nama-catechin angasiza ekunciphiseni ukumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate nokwenza izinga le-glucose lijwayele.
Umphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala: Izinhlanganisela ze-polyphenol zinomsebenzi omncane wokulwa nokuvuvukala.
Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba: Ukusetshenziswa okulingene okuvamile kungasekela ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba ngenxa yomphumela ohlangene wama-antioxidant, ama-amino acid kanye namaminerali.

9. Ukuphisa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 95–100°C. I-Dàyèqīng, ngokungafani namanye amatiye aphuzi athambile avela emaqabungeni (i-Junshan Yinzhen, i-Mengding Huang Ya), iyakwazi ukumelana futhi idinga izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze iveze ngokugcwele ukunambitheka kweqabunga elikhulu.
Inani letiye: amagremu ayisihlanu ku-150 ml wamanzi (isilinganiso esingu-1:30).
Izitsha: I-gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) eyenziwe nge-porcelain noma i-ceramic ecwebezelisiwe — iyindlela ekahle, evumela umuntu ukulawula ukukhishwa futhi abuke ukuvela kweqabunga. Futhi kungasetshenziswa i-teapot yase-Yixing yenhlabathi ensomi (紫砂壶, zǐshā hú), ezoqokomisa ukuminyana nokujula kokunambitheka. Izitsha zengilazi zivumela umuntu ukuhlola umbala wengxube.
Inqubo:
1. Shisisa i-gaiwan ne-chahai ngamanzi abilayo, thela amanzi.
2. Thela amagremu ayisihlanu etiye elomile, vala isivalo imizuzwana embalwa, uphefumulele iphunga leqabunga elifudumele.
3. Ukuthela kokuhlanza: Thela amanzi abilayo, ulinde imizuzwana emihlanu, uyichithe. Lokhu “kuvusa” iqabunga elikhulu futhi kuqeda uthuli.
4. Ukuthela kokuqala: Thela amanzi anezinga lokushisa elingu-95–100°C, ulinde imizuzwana engu-10–15, uyithela ku-chahai.
5. Thela ezinkomishini, uhlole umbala nephunga.
6. Ukuthela okulandelayo: enyusa isikhathi ngemizuzwana eyi-5–10 ngokuthela ngakunye. I-Dàyèqīng yekhwalithi ephezulu ikwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa okungu-6–8 okugcwele.

10. Ukugcinwa:

I-Dàyèqīng kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile, epholile, emnyama, kude nemithombo yamaphunga angaphandle. Isitsha esihle kakhulu ibhokisi likathayela noma le-ceramic elivala umoya, noma isikhwama se-foil esine-valve. Izinga lokushisa lokugcina — izinga legumbi (15–25°C), umswakama — ungabi ngaphezu kuka-60%. Izitha eziyinhloko: umswakama, ukukhanya kwelanga okungaqondile, amaphunga angaphandle, nomoya-mpilo. Ngokungafani namatiye aluhlaza, i-Dàyèqīng ayidingi ukugcinwa esiqandisini. Itiye elisha linconywa ukuba lilinde amasonto angu-1–2 ngemuva kokuthenga ukuze “liphumule” ekushiseni okusele kokomiswa, futhi ngemuva kokuvulwa komgqomo — lisetshenziswe ezinsukwini ezingu-7–10 ukuze kulondolozwe iphunga elihle. Isikhathi sokugcina ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwekhwalithi okukhulu — kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-12–18.

11. Intengo Namanyala:

I-Dàyèqīng ingaphansi kwesigaba sentengo ephakathi phakathi kwamatiye aphuzi. Inani lihluka kakhulu ngokuya ngebanga: amabanga aphezulu (特级, tèjí) anezihloko eziningi angabiza amayuan angu-500 nge-jīn (500 g) nangaphezulu, kuyilapho amabanga avamile amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu eshibhile. Intengo ithonywa: isikhathi sokuvuna (intwasahlobo ibiza ukwedlula ihlobo), iminyaka yezihlahla zetiye, ukuphakama kwensimu, kanye nodumo lomkhiqizi.

Ungawagwema kanjani amanyala:
- Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile, abasebenza ngokukhethekile ngamatiye aphuzi noma itiye lase-Guangdong. Bheka uphawu lwe-“Nkomba Yezwe Kazwelonke”.
- Hlola ukubukeka: i-Dàyèqīng yangempela inezintambo ezinkulu, ezigcwele, ezisindayo ezinoboya obubonakalayo nethoni eluhlaza okotshani ephuzi. Iqabunga elincane, elihlephukile liwuphawu lwekhwalithi ephansi noma ukushintshwa.
- Hlola iphunga: inothi lesici le-“guōbāxiāng” (uquqaba olugazingiwe) liyisici esiyisisekelo se-Dàyèqīng. Uma iphunga liyisicaba, linotshani kuphela noma linamaphunga angaphandle — cishe itiye eliluhlaza, elithathwa njengeliphuzi.
- Hlola ingxube: kufanele isobala, ibe wuphuzi ophuzi oyiwolintshi, futhi ibe nokunambitheka okuhlanzekile ngaphandle kobumuncu obubonakalayo. Ingxube eluhlaza noma efiphele ikhombisa ukushintshwa noma ukuphazamiseka kobuchwepheshe.
- Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo: uma i-“Dàyèqīng” inikezwa ngaphansi kuka-100 yuan nge-jīn, cishe itiye elivamile eliluhlaza elinamaqabunga amakhulu ngaphandle kwesigaba se-mèn duī.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

I-Dàyèqīng ukuphela kwetiye eliphuzi laseChina ubuchwepheshe balo buhlanganisa ukoma okugcwele (萎凋) ngaphambi “kokubulawa kohlaza”. Lesi sici siyisondeza ematiyeni abomvu nakuma-oolong, okwenza ubuchwepheshe be-Dàyèqīng bube “yibhuloho” phakathi kwezigaba ezihlukene zetiye.
Naphezu kwegama elithi “qīng” (青, luhlaza) egameni, i-Dàyèqīng ayilona itiye eliluhlaza. Leli elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi betiye abasaqala, abalidida ne-qingcha (青茶) — ama-oolong.
Indawo yase-Danxia (丹霞) eduze nase-Shaoguan, lapho kukhona amanye amasimu angcono kakhulu e-Dàyèqīng, ifakwe ohlwini lwamaGugu Omhlaba e-UNESCO ngenxa yezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele zamatshe esihlabathi abomvu. Izindawo eziqukethe i-selenium zalesi sifunda zinikeza itiye lendawo umlingiswa okhethekile wamaminerali.
I-Dàyèqīng ingelinye lamatiye aphuzi ambalwa akhiqizwa eningizimu yoMfula i-Yangtze. Iningi lamatiye aphuzi (i-Junshan Yinzhen, i-Mengding Huang Ya, i-Huoshan Huang Ya) lenziwa emaphakathi neChina — ezifundazweni zase-Hunan, Sichuan, Anhui.
Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-Dàyèqīng esikalini somkhakha wetiye wase-Guangdong usalokhu umncane, okwenza kube “yitiye lalabo abanolwazi” — lingaziwa kangako ngaphandle komphakathi wochwepheshe betiye.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye Aphuzi:

I-Huoshan Huangdacha (霍山黄大茶, Huòshān Huángdàchá): Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu se-Dàyèqīng ngesigaba (nhlangothi zombili ziyi-huáng dà chá). Ikhiqizwa esifundazweni sase-Anhui. Umehluko oyinhloko: i-Huangdacha ayidluli esigabeni sokoma, ukucubungula kuqala ngqo “ngokubulawa kohlaza” ebhodweni. Ukunambitheka kwe-Huangdacha kulula futhi kuqondile, “ngejiāoxiāng” egqamile (焦香, iphunga elishisayo), kuyilapho i-Dàyèqīng inokujula okukhulu nokunamafutha kokuma ngenxa yokoma.
I-Junshan Yinzhen (君山银针, Jūnshān Yín Zhēn): Itiye eliphuzi elidumile elivela emaqabungeni (huáng yá chá). Lihluke kakhulu kwi-Dàyèqīng ngokwempahla eluhlaza (amaqabunga amsulwa qhwa neqabunga elikhulu), ukuma (okuthambile, okushelelayo qhwa nokuminyene, okugcwele) kanye nephrofayili yokunambitheka (ubumnandi obubucayi qhwa nobuqine be-malt). I-Junshan Yinzhen iyitiye lokuphuza ukuzindla, i-Dàyèqīng ingeyalabo abazisa umzimba namandla ekunambithekeni.
I-Mengding Huang Ya (蒙顶黄芽, Méngdǐng Huáng Yá): Elinye itiye elivela emaqabungeni, lase-Sichuan. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Dàyèqīng — lilula kakhulu, linezimbali, linobumnandi obugqamile futhi linobushoshovu obuncane. I-Dàyèqīng kulokhu kuqhathanisa ivelela “njengesisindo esinzima” setiye eliphuzi.
I-Pingyang Huang Tang (平阳黄汤, Píngyáng Huáng Tāng): Itiye eliphuzi lase-Zhejiang, elingaphansi kwesigaba se-huáng xiǎo chá (amaqabunga amancane). Likhanya futhi liyaqabula kune-Dàyèqīng, linephunga lesici le-cotton. I-Dàyèqīng iyidlula kakhulu ngokuminyana komzimba kanye nobude bokunambitheka okulandelayo.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Dàyèqīng iyitiye eliyindida: itiye eliphuzi elinegama “eliluhlaza”, ummeleli waseningizimu wesigaba esiyinhloko “sase-China emaphakathi”, umnikazi wobuchwepheshe obuhlukile phakathi kwawo wonke amatiye aphuzi. Umzimba walo ogcwele, onamafutha, iphunga lesici lokuqhuma kwelayisi elugazingiwe, kanye nokunambitheka okulandelayo okumnandi okuthatha isikhathi eside kwenza kube yinto etholakalayo kulabo asebevele bazi amatiye aphuzi athambile avela emaqabungeni futhi abafuna okuthile okuyisisekelo nokwemvelo. I-Dàyèqīng iyinambitheka yase-Lingnan, iningizimu efudumele, izinhlabathi ezibomvu, nezintaba zasendulo zase-Danxia, ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwesintambo esiminyene, esinzima seqabunga letiye elikhulu.