Dān Cóng Mì Lán Xiāng · new.thetea.app

Uhlobo: Oolong (ngokuvamile inezinga eliphakathi lokuvutshelwa, 30-60%). Izinga lokugazingwa lingahluka kusuka koluncane kuye kolukhulu.
Isigaba: Ama-oolong asezingeni eliphezulu. Kungokweqembu lamatiye eDan Cong (单丛, Dān Cóng), okusho ukuthi “amahlumela angawodwa” noma “kusuka ehlumeleni elilodwa”.
Imvelaphi: I-China, isifundazwe saseGuangdong (广东, Guǎngdōng), idolobha laseChaozhou (潮州, Cháozhōu), izintaba zaseFenghuang (凤凰山, Fènghuáng Shān), ezaziwa nangokuthi izintaba zePhoenix.
Izixhumanisi zendawo: Cishe 23-24° enyakatho ye-latitude, 116-117° empumalanga ye-longitude.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwezamasiko:

Umlando: Isiko lokutshala itiye ezintabeni zaseFenghuang lineminyaka engaphezu kuka-900. AmaDan Cong, njengeqoqo elihlukile lamatiye, aqala ukuvela eminyakeni eyikhulu kuya kweyi-150 edlule.
Igama:
- “Dan Cong” (单丛) - “amahlumela angawodwa” noma “kusuka ehlumeleni elilodwa”. Leli gama ligcizelela isici esiyingqayizivele samaDan Cong: ngokufanelekile, itiye livunwa futhi licutshungulwa kusuka ehlumeleni ngalinye letiye ngokwehlukana, okuvumela ukugcinwa kwezimpawu eziyingqayizivele zesitshalo ngasinye. Empeleni, kulezi zinsuku, lokhu akulandelwa njalo ngokuqinile, kodwa “Dan Cong” kusasho ukuthi itiye livela emahlumelini ohlobo oluthile/izinhlobonhlobo ngaphakathi kwensimu eyodwa encane.
- “Mi Lan Xiang” (蜜兰香) - “Iphunga le-Honey Orchid”. Kukhomba iphunga eliyisici salolu hlobo lweDan Cong, lapho kunamandla amanothi e-orchid noju.
Ibaluleka kwezamasiko: AmaDan Cong, futhi iMi Lan Xiang ikakhulukazi, ahlonishwa kakhulu ngephunga lawo elicebile, elinezinhlangothi eziningi, ukunambitheka okugcwele, nekhono lokumelana nokuphakwa kaningi. Kubhekwa njengetiye labathandi abanolwazi futhi kuyinto yokuziqhenya yesifunda saseChaozhou.

3. Incazelo Yezezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

Uhlobo: IMi Lan Xiang ayilona nje igama letiye, kodwa yigama lohlobo oluhlukile lwezihlahla zetiye ezikhula ezintabeni zaseFenghuang. AmaDan Cong akuwona izinhlobo ngokomqondo oqinile wezezitshalo, kodwa izinhlobonhlobo zendawo, ezakhiwe ngenxa yokukhethwa kwemvelo nezimo eziyingqayizivele zokukhula. I-Dan Cong ngayinye inezici zayo:
- Ukuma nobukhulu bamaqabunga: Amaqabunga eMi Lan Xiang ngokuvamile makhulu, amade.
- Umbala wamacembe: Uhlaza okumnyama, unombala obomvu emaphethelweni (okukhombisa izinga eliphakathi lokuvutshelwa).
- Iphunga: Uhlobo lweMi Lan Xiang luphawuleka ngephunga elinamandla kakhulu, eliyisici, lapho kunamandla amanothi e-orchid, uju, izithelo.
Ukuvuna: Ukuvuna kwenzeka, ngokuvamile, entwasahlobo, kodwa kungenziwa nasehlobo nasekwindla. Ukuvuna kwentwasahlobo kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu.
Indinganiso yokuvuna: Kuvunwa ihlumela kanye namaqabunga amabili noma amathathu aphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi amane.
Izidingo ezintweni ezingavuthiwe: Ziphezulu. Kusetshenziswa kuphela amaqabunga anempilo, angalimele.

4. Izici Zendawo Nokutshalwa:

Izintaba zaseFenghuang (Phoenix Mountains): Izintaba ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseGuangdong. Izintaba zakhiwe, ikakhulukazi, nge-granite namatshe entaba-mlilo. Ziphawuleka ngobuhle bendalo, umoya ohlanzekile, kanye nenkungu eningi.
Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Amasimu etiye asendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-400 kuya kwayi-1500 ngaphezu kolwandle. Amatiye asezintabeni eziphakeme (ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1000) ahlonishwa kakhulu.
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ebomvu nephuzi, ecebile ngamaminerali, ekhipha amanzi kahle. Inhlabathi yezintaba, ngokuvamile inamatshe.
Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu sase-subtropical monsoon, sifudumele, ubusika bunomswakama, ihlobo lishisayo, linemvula. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka licishe libe ngu-21°C. Umswakama ophezulu kanye nenkungu evamile kudala izimo ezikahle zokutshala itiye.
Izici eziyingqayizivele: Izihlahla eziningi zetiye ezintabeni zaseFenghuang zindala kakhulu, zinamakhulu eminyaka ubudala. Zibizwa ngo-”Lao Cong” (老枞) - “Izihlahla Ezindala”. Kukholelwa ukuthi itiye elisuka kulezi zihlahla linokunambitheka okujulile futhi okuyinkimbinkimbi.

5. Ubuciko Bokukhiqiza:

Ubuciko bokukhiqiza iDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang buhlanganisa izindlela zesintu zokwenza amatiye e-oolong nezici eziyingqayizivele zesifunda saseChaozhou.

Ukuvuna (采摘 - cǎi zhāi): Kuchazwe ngenhla.
Ukubuna (萎凋 - wěidiāo): Amaqabunga avuniwe andlalwa ngaphandle (ukubuna elangeni noma emthunzini) noma endlini amahora ambalwa. Inhloso ukuqeda ingxenye yomswakama emaqabungeni, ukuwenza athambe futhi kuqale inqubo yokuvutshelwa.
Ukunyakazisa (摇青 - yáo qīng): Amaqabunga anyakaziswa ngobumnene futhi aguqulwe emathreyi oqalo. Lesi sigaba senziwa izikhathi eziningana ngezikhawu zoku”phumula” kwamaqabunga. KuMi Lan Xiang, ukunyakazisa ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngobumnene ukuze kugcinwe ubumbano lwamaqabunga futhi kuthuthukiswe iphunga lezimbali.
Ukuvutshelwa (发酵 - fājiào): Inqubo ye-oxidation eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokunyakazisa nok”phumula” kwamaqabunga. Izinga lokuvutshelwa kweMi Lan Xiang ngokuvamile liphakathi (30-60%), kodwa lingahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi.
‘Ukubulawa kokuluhlaza’ (杀青 - shā qīng): Ukugazingwa ngesikhathi sendawo ephezulu ukuze kumiswe inqubo yokuvutshelwa.
Ukusonga (揉捻 - róuniǎn): Amaqabunga anikezwa isimo esisonge ubude. Ukusonga kungenziwa ngesandla noma ngomshini.
Ukomisa (烘干 - hōnggān): Itiye liyomiswa ukuze kuqedwe umswakama. Kulesi sigaba kungenziwa ukugazingwa okuncane noma okunamandla, kuye ngephrofayili yokunambitheka efiselekayo.
Ukuhlela (分级 - fēnjí): Itiye eliqediwe lihlelwa ngosayizi nekhwalithi.

6. Izimpawu Zezitho Zomzimba:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amaqabunga amakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, asonge ubude, anombala onsundu omnyama, onsundu onombala obomvu. Kungaba khona iziqu. Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala iziqongo, ezimbozwe uboya obusagolide.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Ligqame kakhulu, linamandla, linamanothi aqavile e-honey orchid (Mi Lan), izithelo (ipentshisi, i-litchi, izithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo), uju, izimbali. Kungaba khona iminonjana yokugazingwa, izinongo.
Iphunga lomunxa: Licebile, ligcwele, limnandi, linamanothi aphambili e-orchid noju, neziqu zezithelo, izimbali, ngezinye izikhathi kube nokumuncu okuncane.
Ukunambitheka: Kucebile, kugcwele, kunamafutha, kumnandi kancane, kunokuklamisana okuncane nokumuncu okuqabulayo. Kunamanothi e-honey-orchid aphambili, neziqu zezithelo (ipentshisi, i-litchi, umango), izimbali, izinongo. Ukunambitheka kwangemuva kude, kumnandi, okuyizimbali nezithelo.
Umbala womunxa: Kusuka ogolide-ophuzi kuye owolintshi-amber, okhanyayo, ohlanzekile. Umbala womunxa uyahluka kuye ngezinga lokuvutshelwa nokugazingwa.
Iqabunga elimuncile (itiye elisele): Amaqabunga aphelele, anwebekayo, avuleke ngemuva kokumunxwa, anombala oluhlaza onsundu nemiphetho ebomvu.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

IDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang icebile nge:

Ama-Polyphenol (ama-catechin): Ama-antioxidant.
Ama-amino acid: Kubandakanya i-L-theanine.
Ama-alkaloid: Ikhefeyini, i-theobromine, i-theophylline.
Amafutha abalulekile: Kukhona inani eliphezulu lamafutha abalulekile, ikakhulukazi lawo anamaphunga ezimbali noju.
Amavithamini: C, iqembu B, E, K.
Amaminerali: I-potassium, i-fluorine, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-iron.

8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:

Umphumela wokuvuselela: Iyanika amandla, isusa ukukhathala, inyusa ukusebenza, ithuthukisa ukugxila.
Umphumela we-antioxidant: Ivikela amangqamuzana emonakalweni wama-radicals akhululekile, ibambezela izinqubo zokuguga.
Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla: Ikhuthaza ukugaya, isiza ukumuncwa kwezakhi zomzimba.
Umphumela wokufudumeza: Ifudumeza kahle ngesikhathi sebusika.
Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ingasiza ekwehliseni izinga le-cholesterol “embi”, iqinise izindonga zemithambo.
Umphumela wokuphumula: Ngaphandle komphumela wokuvuselela, iphunga ne-L-theanine ngezinye izikhathi kulekelela ekuphumuleni nasekususeni ingcindezi.
Ukuphakamisa isimo semizwa: Kunikeza umuzwa wokuvumelana, injabulo nobumnandi.

9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 90-95°C (ezinhlotsheni eziningi). Kwezingazingwe kancane nezinokuhlaza okuluhlaza kungasetshenziswa amanzi ane-85-90°C.
Inani letiye: Ama-gramu angu-5-7 emanzini angu-150-200 ml.
Izitsha zokuphuza: Kufaneleka kakhulu i-gaywan (inkomishi yesintu yaseShayina enesivalo) noma itepot eyenziwe ngobumba lwaseYixing. Kungasetshenziswa nezitsha zobumba lomhlophe.
Inqubo:
1. Ukufudumeza izitsha: Geza i-gaywan noma itepot ngamanzi abilayo.
2. Ukugeza itiye (ukuthela okusheshayo): Faka itiye ku-gaywan, uthele ngamanzi ashisayo amancane bese uwakhipha ngokushesha.
3. Ukuphakwa kokuqala: Thela amanzi ashisayo (90-95°C) etiyeni bese ulinda imizuzwana embalwa kuya emzuzwini owodwa (ukuthela kokuqala). Isikhathi sokuphakwa kokuqala singaba sifushane kakhulu, imizuzwana engu-5-15, ikakhulukazi uma itiye linekhwalithi enhle.
4. Thela umunxa ezinkomishini: Thela wonke umunxa ku-gaywan noma itepot uye ku-chahai (isitsha sokuthela), bese uthela ezinkomishini.
5. Ukuphakwa okuphindiwe: IDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang ingaphakwa izikhathi eziningi (7-10, ngezinye izikhathi nangaphezulu), unyuse isikhathi sokulinda kancane ngemizuzwana engu-10-30 kuphakwa ngalunye olulandelayo. Ngokuphakwa ngakunye, ukunambitheka nephunga letiye kuzoshintsha, kuveze izinhlangothi ezintsha.

Izici ezibalulekile:

Ungalilahli isikhathi eside: Ukulinda isikhathi eside kakhulu kungenza ukunambitheka kwetiye kube nokuklamisana nokubabayo.
Lalela itiye: Bheka imizwa yakho futhi ulungise isikhathi sokuphakwa ngokufisa kwakho amandla omunxa.
Buka itiye: Qaphela umbala womunxa, iphunga, ukuvuleka kweqabunga letiye.

10. Ukugcinwa:

IDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile, emnyama, epholile, esitsheni esivalekileyo (esobumba, sobumba lomhlophe, sengilazi noma sikathayela), kude namaphunga angaphandle. 11. Intengo Nezinto Zomgunyathi:

IDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang ingeyamatiye abizayo, aphambili. Intengo yayo ingahluka kakhulu, kusuka kumashumi ambalwa amadola nge-100 grams kuya emakhulwini ambalwa amadola ngesisindo esifanayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu, kuye nge:

Ubudala bezihlahla: Itiye elisuka ezihlahleni ezindala (“Lao Cong”) lihlonishwa kakhulu.
Ukuphakama kokutshalwa: Itiye elisuka ezintabeni eziphakeme (ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1000) libiza kakhulu.
Ikhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe: Ingabe kusetshenziswa iziqongo ezikhethiwe namaqabunga amancane noma izinto ezivuthiwe kakhulu.
Ubuciko bomkhiqizi: Ulwazi nedumela lomenzi wamatiye onamava, owenze itiye, kunomphumela omkhulu entengweni.
Izinga nekhwalithi yokugazingwa: Ukugazingwa ngesandla emalahleni, okwenziwa umenzi onamava, kuphakamisa kakhulu intengo yetiye.
Ukungandile: Ezinye izinhlobonhlobo ezingandile zeMi Lan Xiang zingabiza kakhulu.
Isidingo: Isidingo esikhulu samaDan Cong siyithinta nentengo.

Ngenxa yentengo ephakeme nokuthandwa, emakethe, ngeshwa, kuningi okungumgunyathi nokulingisiwe. Ungakugwema kanjani ukuthenga okungumgunyathi:

Thenga kuphela kubathengisi abathembekile: Funana izitolo ezikhethekile zetiye ezinodumo oluhle, ezibazisa kakhulu amakhasimende azo nezingakwazi ukunikeza ulwazi oluqinisekisiwe mayelana nemvelaphi yetiye, unyaka wokuvuna, umkhiqizi.
Qaphela intengo ephansi kakhulu: Intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo icishe ibe uphawu oluqinisekile lomgunyathi. IDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang yangempela ayikwazi ukushibhile.
Hlolisisa ukubukeka ngokucophelela: Qaphela ukuma, umbala, ukuphelela kwamaqabunga. Kufanele ahambisane nencazelo enikezwe ngenhla.
Hlola iphunga: Itiye elomile kufanele libe nephunga elicebile, eliyinkimbinkimbi elinamanothi aphawulekayo e-honey orchid, izithelo nezimbali.
Hlola umunxa neqabunga elisele: Umbala womunxa kufanele ube osagolide-ophuzi kuya owolintshi-amber, okhanyayo.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

“Amahlumela angawodwa”: Igama elithi “Dan Cong” ligcizelela ubungqayizivele behlumela ngalinye ezintabeni zaseFenghuang, izici zalo eziyingqayizivele, ezidluliselwa etiyeni.
“Izinsalela eziphilayo”: Ezinye izihlahla zetiye ezintabeni zaseFenghuang zindala kakhulu, zinamakhulu eminyaka ubudala. Zibizwa ngo-”izinsalela eziphilayo” zomhlaba wamatiye.
Ukwehlukahlukana kwamaphunga: Ezintabeni zaseFenghuang kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zamaDan Cong, ngayinye inephunga layo eliyingqayizivele. Phakathi kwazo kukhona amaDan Cong anephunga le-alimondi, isinamoni, ijasimini, i-gardenia nezinye izimbali nezithelo.

13. Amanye AmaDan Cong Adumile:

Ngaphandle kweMi Lan Xiang, adume kabanzi:

Ya Shi Xiang (鸭屎香, Yā Shǐ Xiāng): “Iphunga lendle yedada”. Ngaphandle kwegama elivusa inkanuko, inephunga lezimbali elimnandi.
Zhi Lan Xiang (芝兰香, Zhī Lán Xiāng): “Iphunga le-orchid Zhi Lan”.
Xing Ren Xiang (杏仁香, Xìng Rén Xiāng): “Iphunga le-alimondi”.
Rou Gui Xiang (肉桂香, Ròu Guì Xiāng): “Iphunga lesinamoni”.
Yu Lan Hua Xiang (玉兰花香, Yù Lán Huā Xiāng): “Iphunga le-magnolia”.
Ye Lai Xiang (夜来香, Yè Lái Xiāng): “Iphunga lejasimini yasebusuku” (i-tuberose).
Jiang Mu Xiang (姜母香, Jiāng Mǔ Xiāng): “Iphunga lempande yejinja”.

Kanye namanye amaningi, ngalinye linezici zalo eziyingqayizivele.

14. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Ama-Oolong:

Tie Guan Yin (铁观音): ITie Guan Yin, ngenkathi ejwayelekile, inamanothi agqamile okhilimu nezimbali, kanti amaDan Cong, kanye neMi Lan Xiang, anamaphunga aphambili e-zimbali nezithelo kanye noju. ITie Guan Yin ngokuvamile inesimo esiyindilinga esisonge, kanti amaDan Cong anesimo eside.
Da Hong Pao (大红袍): IDa Hong Pao yi-oolong ye-Wuyi rock evutshwe kakhulu futhi egazingwe kakhulu enokunambitheka okucebile, “okomlilo” nephunga. IMi Lan Xiang, ngokuphambene, inokunambitheka okuncane futhi okumnandi okunamanothi aphambili ezimbali nezithelo, izinga lokugazingwa layo ngokuvamile liphansi.
Shui Xian (水仙): I-Shui Xian, ikakhulukazi yaseWuyi, inamanothi agqamile amaminerali kanye “namadwala”, kanye neziqu zokhilimu. IMi Lan Xiang yaziwa ngephunga layo elimibalabala lezimbali, i-honey-orchid.

Ekupheteni:

IDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang iyi-oolong enhle enesimilo esiyingqayizivele, ikhadi lomazisi lezintaba zaseFenghuang. Iphunga layo eligqamile, elicebile le-honey orchid, ukunambitheka okunothile, okumnandi okunamanothi ezithelo nezimbali, kanye nokwangemuva okude nokuqabulayo ngeke kushiye umuntu ongenandaba. Leli tiye liwumsebenzi wobuciko wangempela, odalwe ngokuvumelana nemvelo futhi wacwengwa ngamasiko amakhulu eminyaka. Ukunambitha iDan Cong Mi Lan Xiang yangempela kuwukuzitholela umhlaba omangalisayo wama-oolong aseTaiwan, ukuzwa amandla ezintaba, nokujabulela ukuphelela kwangempela kwetiye. Leli tiye lezikhathi ezikhethekile, lokuphuza itiye ngokungenangculazi, ngokucabangisisa, lapho umuntu efisa ukugxila emhlabeni wokunambitheka okuphucukile namaphunga, ukuzwa ukuzwana nokuthola okuhlangenwe nakho okungasoze kwakhohlakala.