I-Taiwan Jade Oolong · new.thetea.app

I-Taiwan Jade Oolong ingenye yezinhlobo ezivelele kakhulu zokukhethwa kwesimanje kwaseTaiwan, itiye elinephunga elimnandi lezimbali elimangalisayo, elenziwe nge-cultivar i-Cui Yu (翠玉, Cuìyù), ebhaliswe ngokusemthethweni njenge-Taicha No. 13 (臺茶13號, Táichá Shísān Hào). Le nhlobo, eyakhuliswa ngesikhathi sohlelo olukhulu lokukhethwa kwezitshalo lweSiteshi Sokucwaninga Nokusabalalisa Itiye saseTaiwan (TRES), yaba uphawu lwempumelelo yenhlanganisela yesayensi namasiko etiye esiqhingini.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:

Uhlobo: Oolong (itiye elibilisiwe kancane, i-qing cha / 青茶, Qīngchá). Izinga le-oxidation — cishe u-15–20%, okulibeka esigabeni sama-oolong akhanyayo (abiliwe kancane).
Isigaba: I-Taiwan light oolong yokukhethwa okusha. I-Taicha No. 13 (臺茶13號).
Imvelaphi: I-Taiwan (臺灣, Táiwān). I-cultivar yakhuliswa yiSiteshi Sokucwaninga Itiye Neziphuzo saseTaiwan (茶及飲料作物改良場, ngaphambilini — 臺灣省茶業改良場, Táiwān Shěng Cháyè Gǎiliáng Chǎng, TRES) edolobheni laseTaoyuan (桃園, Táoyuán). Izifunda eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza ngezinga lezimboni: isifunda saseNantou (南投縣, Nántóu Xiàn) — ikakhulukazi ilokishi laseMingjian (名間鄉, Míngjiān Xiāng) kanye nendawo yaseSongbailing (松柏嶺, Sōngbǎilǐng); kanye nesifunda saseJiayi (嘉義縣, Jiāyì Xiàn) — indawo yase-Alishan (阿里山, Ālǐshān); iNew Taipei (新北市, Xīnběi Shì) — indawo yasePinglin (坪林, Pínglín); isifunda saseYilan (宜蘭縣, Yílán Xiàn); isifunda saseTaidong (臺東縣, Táidōng Xiàn).
Izixhumanisi zendawo: IMingjian, Nantou — cishe u-23°52′ N, 120°40′ E. Ukuphakama kwamasimu amakhulu — ukusuka ku-300 kuye ku-600 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle; ukutshala okuthile endaweni yase-Alishan kufinyelela ku-1 400 m.

2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:

Umlando: Ukuvela kwe-Jade Oolong kuhlobene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa negama lika-Wu Zhenduo (吳振鐸, Wú Zhènduo, 1918–2000) — isazi esivelele setiye saseTaiwan, esanikezwa isiqu esingekho emthethweni esithi “ubaba wetiye laseTaiwan langemva kwempi” (戰後臺茶之父). Ungowokuzalwa esifundeni saseFuan (福安) esifundazweni saseFujian, waphothula eFujian Higher Tea School futhi waba ngumfundi kaZhang Tianfu (張天福), wafika eTaiwan ngo-1947 futhi kusukela ngo-1968 wahola iTaiwan Tea Improvement Station (TRES) eyahlelwa kabusha, waba umqondisi wayo wokuqala.

Kakade ngo-1938, uhlelo lokuhlanganisa izitshalo zetiye ngokufakelwa lwaqalwa esiteshini. Ezithombeni ezingaphezu kuka-5 000 ezasala esikhathini samakoloni aseJapan, u-Wu Zhenduo nethimba lakhe bakhetha imigqa ethembisayo yokuhlolwa kwasensimini iminyaka eminingi. Izithombo ezintathu ezivelele zathola amakhodi okusebenza 2027, 2028 kanye no-2029, okwenza abalimi bazibiza ngezidlaliso “Er-qi-zi” (二七仔), “Er-ba-zi” (二八仔) kanye no-”Er-jiu-zi” (二九仔) — ngamadijithi amabili okugcina ekhodi.

Ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amane yokukhethwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwesifunda, ngo-1981 (民國70年) uMnyango Wezolimo Nezamahlathi waqaphela izithombo ezimbili kwezintathu njengezinhlobo ezintsha. Isithombo esingu-2027 sabhaliswa njenge-Taicha No. 12 (臺茶12號) futhi sathola igama elithi i-Jin Xuan (金萱, Jīnxuān — “Umnduze Wegolide”) ukuhlonipha ugogo womkhethi wezitshalo. Isithombo esingu-2029 saba yi-Taicha No. 13 (臺茶13號) futhi saqanjwa ngokuthi i-Cui Yu (翠玉, Cuìyù — “IJade Eliluhlaza”) ukuhlonipha umama ka-Wu Zhenduo — isenzo senhlonipho yobuzalwane, esaba yinganekwane ekulimeni itiye eTaiwan. Isithombo sesithathu (2028) sakhishwa ngenxa yokufana okukhulu no-2029.

Ngo-1987, iqembu labacwaningi be-TRES, elakhulisa womabili ama-cultivar, laklonyeliswa ngomklomelo wokuqala we-Executive Yuan Wokufeza Okuvelele Kwezesayensi Nezobuchwepheshe (行政院傑出科技人才獎) — ukuqashelwa kokubaluleka kwezinhlobo ezintsha emnothweni wezindawo zetiye.
Igama:
- I-Cui Yu (翠玉, Cuìyù) — ngokwezwi nezwi “i-jade eliluhlaza” noma “ukuhlaza kwe-jade”. Uhlamvu 翠 (cuì) luchaza umbala okhazimulayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese kuthi u-玉 (yù) luchaze i-jade. Igama likhombisa kanyekanye umbala weqabunga letiye kanye negama likamama womakhi walolu hlobo.
- I-Jade Oolong — igama lezohwebo lesiNgisi, elavela ngesikhathi itiye lingena emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Lihlobene nokubaluleka kwamasiko kwe-jade (jade) esikweni lamaShayina njengophawu lobumsulwa, ubuhlakani nokuzwana.
- I-Taicha No. 13 (臺茶13號) — igama elisemthethweni lokubhalisa ohlelweni lwe-TRES.
- “Er-jiu-zi” (二九仔) — isidlaliso sabalimi, esivela kumadijithi okugcina ekhodi yokusebenza engu-2029.
Ukubaluleka kwamasiko: I-Jade Oolong kanye “nomfowabo” i-Jin Xuan (金萱) bamelela ukuqala kwenkathi entsha yokulinywa kwezitshalo zetiye eTaiwan — inkathi yokukhethwa kwezesayensi. Ngaphambi kuka-1981, iningi lama-oolong aseTaiwan lalikhiqizwa nge-cultivar evamile ye-Qingxin Oolong (青心烏龍, Qīngxīn Wūlóng), eyayithathwe eFujian. Ukuvela kwezinhlobo ze-Cui Yu ne-Jin Xuan ezithela kakhulu nezimelana nezifo kwenza i-oolong esezingeni yatholakala kubathengi abaningi, hhayi kuphela kubathandi bamatiye aphakeme asezintabeni. Impumelelo yezohwebo yalawa ma-cultivar yaba nomthelela ekwandiseni ukuthandwa kwamatiye aseTaiwan emakethe yomhlaba futhi yaba imodeli yezinhlelo eziqhubekayo zokukhethwa kwezitshalo (i-Taicha No. 17 “Yingxiang”, i-Taicha No. 19 “Biyu”, i-Taicha No. 20 “Yinghong”, njll.).

3. Incazelo Yebhotani kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:

I-Cultivar: I-Cui Yu (翠玉, Cuìyù), i-Taicha No. 13, ikhodi yokusebenza — u-Tainong 2029 (臺農2029號). I-hybrid ka-Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, eyatholakala ngokuhlanganisa okufakelwe: umugqa woyise (花粉, impova) — u-Tainong No. 80 (臺農80號, umugqa waseHankou / 漢口系), umugqa kamama (花蕊, umpele) — u-Yingzhi Hongxin (硬枝紅心, Yìngzhī Hóngxīn — “Igatsha Eliqinile Lenhliziyo Ebomvu”), i-cultivar endala yaseTaiwan, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-Tieguanyin nama-oolong abiliswe emazingeni aphakathi.
I-Morphology: Uhlobo lwesihlahla (灌木型), isimo sokuma siqonde (直立型). Izinhlobonhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane (小葉種). Amaqabunga asesimweni esiyi-ellipse ebanzi, ubude bungu-6–8 cm, ububanzi bungu-3–4 cm, anomugqa ogqamile ophakathi. Amahlumela amancane — aluhlaza okotshani nokunsomi okuncane; amaqabunga avuthiwe — aluhlaza cwé ngokucwebezela okuphawulekayo. Ubumba (茸毛) — oluphakathi. Umqhele uhlakazeke kancane, okuhlukanisa i-Cui Yu ku-Jin Xuan enamagqabi aminyene. Ngokusho kwe-TRES, isivuno se-Cui Yu cishe singama-20% ngaphezulu kune-cultivar yendabuko i-Qingxin Oolong kanye ne-Qingxin Damao (青心大冇), nakuba liphansi kancane kune-Jin Xuan.
Ukuvuna: Uhlobo oluvuthwa emaphakathi nenkathi (中生種): ukuqala kokuvuna kwentwasahlobo — ishumi lezinsuku zokuqala zika-Ephreli (ngeviki elilodwa kamuva kunezinhlobo ezivuthwa ekuqaleni zenkathi, njenge-Sijichun / 四季春, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-Jin Xuan). Izikhathi eziyinhloko zokuvuna — intwasahlobo (u-Ephreli–Meyi) kanye nentwasahlobo emuva (u-Okthoba–Novemba). Izinga lokuvuna — i-flush: ihlumela elincane namahlamvu amabili noma amathathu angaphezulu (一芽二三葉). Ngenxa yesimo saso sokuqonda, ukuvuna ngesandla kanye nangomshini kuyavunyelwa; emasimini asezingeni laseMingjian, ukuvuna ngomshini kuvame kakhulu.
Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe: Amaqabunga anempilo, angonakalanga, ahambelana nezinga lokuvuna. Ukuvuna kwentwasahlobo kubaluleka ngaphezu kwentwasahlobo yakamuva ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid kanye nephunga elimnandi elicolekileyo.

4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:

Isifunda esiyinhloko: IMingjian (名間鄉) kanye neSongbailing (松柏嶺), isifunda saseNantou (南投縣) — indawo enkulu yamatiye emaphakathi neTaiwan, enikela ngesabelo esikhulu sokukhiqizwa kwezentengiselwano kwe-Cui Yu. Yilapha okukhona khona izimboni eziningi ezikhethekile zokucubungula ama-oolong (茶葉精緻代工廠).
Ezinye izifunda: IPinglin (坪林) eNew Taipei — indawo yendabuko ye-Wenshan Baozhong (文山包種); i-Yilan (宜蘭), i-Taidong (臺東), indawo yase-Alishan (阿里山) esifundeni saseJiayi — ukutshala ezintabeni eziphakeme kufinyelela ku-1 400 m.
Ukuphakama kokutshala: Amasimu amakhulu — ama-300–600 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ukutshala okuthile ezintabeni eziphakeme — kufinyelela ku-1 400 m (indawo yaseZhangshuhu / 樟樹湖 e-Alishan).
Inhlabathi: Inhlabathi ebomvu ene-ferrallitic (紅壤), ecebile ngama-oxide ensimbi ne-aluminium, ene-acidic pH (4.5–5.5), enika amanzi kahle kanye nokondleka okulingene ngamaminerali.
Isimo sezulu: Isimo sezulu se-subtropical monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka elimaphakathi — cishe u-+21°C. Imvula yonyaka — cishe u-2 000 mm. Umoya oswakeme kakhulu. Kuphawuleka ukuthi kuvame ukuba nenkungu ekuseni, ehlakaza ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile futhi inikele ekuqongeleleni kwama-amino acid emaqabungeni, okwenza ukunambitheka kwetiye kube mnene.
Izici ze-agrotechnical: Kusetshenziswa izindlela zesimanje: ukuchelela nge-drip, ukutshala okuhlanganiswe kwezitshalo ze-legume emgqeni ukuze inhlabathi icebiseke ngendlela yemvelo nge-nitrogen (umquba oluhlaza), ukwenza umthunzi ezihlahleni ngaphambi kokuvuna ukuze kwandiswe okuqukethwe yi-L-theanine. Ingxenye yokukhiqiza ngendlela ephilayo ikhula ngenxa yezinhlelo zikahulumeni zokweseka ezokulima imvelo kanye nokuhlolwa okuphoqelekile kwezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane (i-SGS 470-component test).

5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Jade Oolong kulandela ubuchwepheshe bakudala bama-oolong aseTaiwan ayindilinga (ama-semi-spherical) (半球型包種茶). Izigaba eziningi emafemini asezingeni zishintshwe umshini.

Ukubuna elangeni (日光萎凋, Rìguāng Wěidiāo): Amaqabunga asanda kuvunwa andlalwa ngokwendlaleka okuncane emathileyeni oqalo ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile noma elihlakazekileyo, okungenzeka ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. (20–40 минут) ngemizuzu engu-20–40 ukuze kuqale ukuhwamuka komswakama futhi kuqalise izinqubo zokuvutshelwa. Amaqabunga alahlekelwa wukuqina kwawo kwasekuqaleni futhi athambe.
Ukubuna endlini nokunyakazisa (室內萎凋與浪青, Shìnèi Wěidiāo yǔ Làngqīng): Amaqabunga ayiswa ekamelweni elinomoya, lapho enyakaziswa khona ngezikhathi ezithile ngesandla noma emagubhini oqalo. Ukunyakazisa (搖青, Yáoqīng) kulimaza izindonga zamaseli emaphethelweni eqabunga, kuqinisekise ukuthintana kwe-polyphenol oxidase nama-polyphenols futhi kuqalise i-oxidation. Inqubo iphindwa izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 ngezikhathi zokuphumula ezikhuphukayo, isikhathi esiphelele — amahora angu-6–10. Kulesi sigaba kwakheka iphunga elimnandi lezimbali elimangalisayo le-Cui Yu (品種香).
Ukumisa / “Ukubulala ukuhlaza” (殺青, Shāqīng): Lapho izinga le-oxidation lifinyelela ku-15–20% (umphetho weqabunga uthola umbala obomvana, kanti indawo ephakathi ihlala iluhlaza), inqubo imiswa ngokushisa ngokushesha endaweni yokushisa eyisigubhu ngezinga lokushisa elicishe libe ngu-250–300°C imizuzu engu-5–7. Ukungasebenzi kwama-enzyme kumisa izinga lokuvutshelwa elifinyelelwe futhi kulondoloze umbala oluhlaza weqabunga.
Ukusonga nokwenza isimo (揉捻與團揉, Róuniǎn yǔ Tuánróu): Amaqabunga asongwa izikhathi eziningi ezikhwameni zendwangu (布球揉捻, Bùqiú Róuniǎn — “ukwenza isimo ebholeni lendwangu”), kushintshaniswe ukusonga nokwomiswa isikhashana. Le nqubo iphindwa izikhathi ezingafinyelela ku-15–20 futhi inika itiye isimo saso semvelo samagranula asesimweni esiyindilinga. Ukusonga kuphinde kubhidlize izingqamuzana zeseli, kuqinise ukukhipheka ngesikhathi sokuncibilisa.
Ukwomisa (乾燥, Gānzào): Ukwomiswa kokugcina kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbalwa ngezinga lokushisa elincipha kancane kancane (ukusuka ku-100–110°C kuya ku-70–80°C) ukuze kukhishwe umswakama osele ufinyelele ezingeni lika-3–5% futhi kumiswe isimo nephunga.
Ukuhlukanisa (揀梗與分級, Jiǎngěng yǔ Fēnjí): Ukususwa kweziqu namaqabunga aphukile, ukuhlukaniswa kwetiye eliqediwe ngosayizi nekhwalithi kusetshenziswa imishini yokuhlukanisa ngokubona kanye nokulahla ngesandla.
Ukuvubela okungeziwe (焙火, Bèihuǒ, uma kufuneka): I-Jade Oolong ejwayelekile ikhishwa ngesitayela “esikhanyayo” (清香型, Qīngxiāng xíng) ngaphandle kokuvubela okungeziwe. Kodwa ingxenye yomkhiqizo uvubela ngokulula noma emazingeni aphakathi (中培火) ukuze kunikezwe amanothi amantongomane ne-caramel.

6. Izimpawu Zezitho Zomzimba:

Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile: Amagranula asongwe ngokuqinile asesimweni esiyindilinga (球型) anokwakheka okungajwayelekile, usayizi u-0.5–1.0 cm. Umbala — ukusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani okuphaphathekile kuya kokuluhlaza komnqumo (翠綠 или 黃綠), ngokucwebezela kwemvelo ngaphezulu. Kungaba khona iziqu ezimfushane. Iqabunga libukeka liluhlaza okotshani ngokugqamile futhi lizacile uma liqhathaniswa namagranula e-Jin Xuan.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Elisha, elihlanzekile, elinezimbali notshani. Iphunga le-cultivar elijwayelekile (品種香, Pǐnzhǒng xiāng) le-Cui Yu lichazwa ngefomula “iphunga elihlanzekile elishaya ekhaleni” (清香撲鼻, Qīngxiāng Pūbí) — lawa ngamanothi agqamile ezimbali ezimhlophe: izimbali ze-betel palm (檳榔花, Bīnláng huā), i-magnolia (玉蘭花, Yùlán huā), i-jasmine (茉莉, Mòlì). Amathoni alula okhilimu namantongomane (i-alimondi).
Iphunga lokuncibilikisiwe: Eligqamile, eliphezulu, elinezimbali. Kunamandla amanothi e-jasmine, i-magnolia kanye ne-orchid, anikezwe amathoni akhilimu-vanilla kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi kommbila omncane. Iphunga elimnandi lizinze, lembalwa ngezigaba ukusuka kokuncibilikiswa kuya kokulandelayo.
Ukunambitheka: Kumnene, kuhleliwe, kunamafutha (滑, huá). Iphrofayili emnandi yezimbali enokumnandi okuncane, okuqabulayo kwe-apula eliluhlaza. Ubumuncu buncane. Ukunambitheka okusemva (回甘, Huígān) — okuhlala isikhathi eside, okunoshukela, nokunambitheka kwezimbali. Umzimba wetiye ulula, kodwa unothe ngamanuances ephunga.
Umbala wokuncibilikisiwe: Okusobala, ukusuka kokusagolide okukhanyayo (蜜黃) kuya kokombala ophaphathekile we-amber, ngokucwebezela okunjengeparele. Nge-oxidation ephansi — kusondele kokluhlaza koju.
Insimbi yetiye (iqabunga elincibilikisiwe): Amaqabunga anwebekayo, aphelele anombala oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo anemiphetho ebomvu ejwayelekile (紅邊, hóngbiān), okukhombisa izinga lokuvutshelwa. Amaqabunga avuleka ngokushesha (展開速度快), ukuthungwa kwakhe kuthambile futhi kuzacile (柔薄), ngokuswakama okuphezulu nokwenza okusobala.

7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:

Iphrofayili yamakhemikhali ye-Jade Oolong ijwayelekile kuma-oolong akhanyayo aseTaiwan anokuvutshelwa okulinganiselwe. Izinkomba ezithile ziyehluka kuye ngenkathi yokuvuna, ukuphakama kokutshala, izinga le-oxidation nezindlela zokucubungula.

Ama-Polyphenol (茶多酚): U-18–22% wesamba esomile. Ingxenye eyinhloko — ama-catechin (兒茶素): u-12–15%, kuhlanganise ne-EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), i-EGC, i-ECG kanye ne-EC. Ngenxa yokuvutshelwa okulinganiselwe, ingxenye enkulu yama-catechin igcinwa isesimweni esingaxutywanga, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-antioxidant, okusondela ematiyeni aluhlaza.
Ama-Amino acid: Okuqukethwe okuphelele — cishe u-2–4% wesamba esomile. Ingxenye eyinhloko — i-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸): cishe u-1.5–1.6%, okubangelwa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo (ukwenza umthunzi ngaphambi kokuvuna) kanye nezici zohlobo. I-L-theanine ingumthwali oyinhloko wokunambitheka okumnandi kanye “nokunambitheka okuhle”, kanye ne-neuromodulator enikela ekukhiqizweni kwamagagasi engqondo e-α.
Ama-Alkaloid: I-Caffeine (咖啡鹼) — cishe u-2.5% wesamba esomile (25 mg/g). I-Theobromine ne-theophylline — ngamanani amancane.
I-Gallic acid (沒食子酸): Cishe u-0.8%.
Ama-Polysaccharide (茶多糖): U-3–4%, abamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni “komzimba” wokuncibilikisiwe.
Amafutha abalulekile nezinhlanganisela zephunga elimnandi eziguquguqukayo: Kusekulesi sigaba lapho okuyingqayizivele kwe-Cui Yu kubonakala khona. Iphunga le-cultivar (品種香) libangelwa ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-linalool, i-geraniol, i-nerol kanye ne-indole — izinto ezijwayelekile ephunga le-jasmine, i-magnolia nezimbali ezimhlophe.
Amavithamini: C (agcinwa ngokwengxenye nge-oxidation elinganiselwe), B₁, B₂, PP.
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-fluoride, i-zinc, i-selenium.
Into ephawulekayo: I-cultivar i-Cui Yu ivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhiqiza i-GABA oolong (佳葉龍茶, Jiāyè Lóngchá) ngokuvutshelwa ngaphandle komoya-mpilo endaweni ene-nitrogen, okwandisa kakhulu okuqukethwe yi-γ-aminobutyric acid (i-GABA) emaqabungeni. Kodwa i-Jade Oolong ejwayelekile ayidluli kule nqubo futhi iqukethe i-GABA ezingeni elijwayelekile kuma-oolong.

8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:

Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-Jade Oolong zibangelwa ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali, okuvamile kuma-oolong akhanyayo anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-catechin agciniwe kanye ne-L-theanine:

Umsebenzi we-Antioxidant: Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-catechin (ikakhulukazi i-EGCG) kuqinisekisa ukungathathi hlangothi kwama-radical akhululekile nokuvikela amaseli ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative. Ngokusebenza kwe-antioxidant, ama-oolong akhanyayo asondela ematiyeni aluhlaza.
Umphumela omncane okhuthazayo: Inhlanganisela ye-caffeine (~25 mg/g) ne-L-theanine (~16 mg/g) idala umphumela ovelele wama-oolong asezingeni “okhuthazayo kodwa ozolile”: ukuthuthuka kokugxila nokusebenza kwengqondo ngaphandle kokucasuka ngokweqile kwezinzwa. I-L-theanine ilawula ukusebenza kwe-caffeine, inikele ekukhiqizweni kwamagagasi e-α engqondweni.
Ukweseka ukugaya: Okuqukethwe okulinganiselwe kwama-polyphenol kukhuthaza ukugaya kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinsiza zokugaya. Ama-oolong ngokwesiko athathwa njengokuhle okuhamba nokudla okunothe.
Isistimu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ucwaningo oluningana lukhomba ekhonweni lama-polyphenol etiye ekwesekeni ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi nasekufakeni isandla ekujwayeleni izinga le-cholesterol ngokusetshenziswa njalo.
Isimo sesikhumba: Ama-Antioxidant kanye ne-vitamin C asekela impilo yesikhumba, ebambezela izinqubo zokuguga.
Ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba: Ama-Catechin anomthelela olinganiselwe wokulwa namagciwane futhi asekela ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba.
Ukuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo: I-L-theanine inomphumela omncane wokunciphisa ukukhathazeka, inikela ekuphumuleni ngaphandle kokuzelela.
Impilo yomlomo: Okuqukethwe i-fluoride nama-polyphenol kusiza ukuvikela ukubola kwamazinyo nokugcina impilo yamazinyo.

9. Ukuncibilisa:

Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 85–95°C. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi (85–88°C) ligcizelela ubuncane bephunga lezimbali, izinga eliphezulu (90–95°C) — lembula ukuminyana kokunambitheka nokujula komzimba.
Inani letiye:
- Indlela yokuncibilisa ngezigaba (Gongfu Cha / 功夫茶, Gōngfū Chá): 5–7 g ku-100–150 ml wamanzi.
- Indlela yokumisa (yaseYurophu): 3–4 g ku-250–300 ml wamanzi.
Izitsha: I-porcelain gaiwan (蓋碗, Gàiwǎn) — inketho enhle yokwembula iphunga eliphezulu lezimbali le-Cui Yu. Iketela le-porcelain noma lobumba elinezindonga eziwugqinsi liyafaneleka futhi ukugcina izinga lokushisa lizinzile. Iketela laseYixing (宜興紫砂壺) liyavunyelwa, kodwa alisebenzi kahle kuma-oolong akhanyayo, ngoba ubumba olunemibhobho lumunca amaphunga amancane.
Inqubo (ngezigaba / Gongfu Cha):
1. Shisisa i-gaiwan ne-chahai (茶海, Cháhǎi) ngamanzi abilayo, ulahle amanzi.
2. Thela itiye elomile ku-gaiwan eshisisiwe. Donsa iphunga leqabunga elifudunyeziwe.
3. Ukuwashwa (洗茶, Xǐchá): thela amanzi ashisayo bese ulahla ngokushesha ukuncibilikisiwe (imizuzwana emi-3–5). Lokhu kuncibilikiswa “kuvusa” iqabunga futhi kususa uthuli lwetiye.
4. Ukuncibilikiswa kokuqala: thela amanzi ngezinga lokushisa elifanele bese umisa imizuzu engu-45–60.
5. Ukuncibilikiswa okulandelayo: kancane kancane yandisa isikhathi sokumisa ngemizuzwana engu-10–20 ngokuncibilikiswa ngakunye.
6. Itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuncibilikiswa okuyikhwalithi engu-5–7 ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ezifanele, ligcine ukunambitheka nephunga.
Ukuncibilisa okubandayo (冷泡茶, Lěng Pàochá): 10–15 g ku-1 ilitha lamanzi abandayo, ukumisa efrijini amahora angu-6–8. Indlela ebandayo yembula kahle ubumnandi nobumba bezimbali be-Cui Yu, inciphise ubumuncu nobumuncu.

10. Ukugcinwa:

I-Jade Oolong njenge-oolong ekhanyayo ecijekiswe kancane emlilweni izwela “kuzitha ezinhlanu zetiye”: ukukhanya, umswakama, ukushisa, umoya-mpilo kanye namaphunga angaphandle.

Isiqukathi: Esingangeni moya, esingabonisi — isikhwama esine-foil esivalekile, ikani lobumba noma likathayela elinesivalo esiqinile.
Izimo: Indawo eyomile, epholile, emnyama, kude nezikhuphu nemikhiqizo enamaphunga aqinile.
Ukwesikhathi eside esigciniwe (ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-6): Kunconywa ukupakishwa kwe-vacuum kanye nokugcinwa efrijini ngezinga lokushisa elingu-0–5°C kanye nokuswakama okuphansi. Ngaphambi kokuvula, iphakethe kufanele lifinyelele ezingeni lokushisa legumbi ukuze kugwenywe ukujiya komswakama eqabungeni.
Usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi: Ephasheni lokuqala elivaliwe — kufinyelela eminyakeni emi-2. Ngemuva kokuvulwa — kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3-6.
Inothi: Ngokungafani nama-oolong amnyama nama-puer, i-Jade Oolong ayenzelwe ukugcinwa isikhathi eside ngesimo esijwayelekile. Kodwa kunesigaba esihlukile — i-Jade Oolong esigcinwe isikhathi eside (陳年翠玉, Chénnián Cuìyù), esidlula ekugugeni okulawulwayo ngokuvubela ngezikhathi ezithile.

11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:

Isigaba sentengo: I-Jade Oolong ibekwe emakethe njengetiye lansuku zonke eliyikhwalithi yesigaba sentengo esiphakathi. Ngenxa yesivuno esiphezulu se-cultivar kanye namathuba okuvuna ngomshini, izindleko zalo ziphansi kakhulu kunama-oolong asezintabeni eziphakeme avela ku-Qingxin Oolong. Intengo elinganiselwe yokudayisa: eTaiwan — 600–1 500 TWD nge-jin ngayinye (600 g) ngekhwalithi ejwayelekile; amasampula okuncintisana (比賽茶) — abiza kakhulu. EYurophu — 50–80 €/kg, e-USA — 40–60 $/iphawundi lekhwalithi yesilinganiso. I-Cui Yu yasezintabeni eziphakeme yase-Alishan ingabiza ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kunaleyo yasemathafeni.
Izinto ezinomthelela ezindlekweni: Isifunda nokuphakama kokutshala, inkathi yokuvuna (intwasahlobo ibiza kakhulu kunentwasahlobo yakamuva), indlela yokuvuna (ngesandla kubiza ukwedlula ngomshini), izinga lokucubungula, ubukhona bemiklomelo emiqhudelwaneni.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:
- Ukunikeza iphunga elimnandi: Inkinga evame kakhulu — ukusetshenziswa kwama-flavour okufakelwa anokhilimu noma izimbali. Kunqunywa ngephunga elinamandla ngokwedlulele, “elamakhemikhali” leqabunga elomile, elinyamalala ngokushesha uma lihlikihlwa phakathi kweminwe futhi lingakhuli lapho usuka kokuncibilikisiwe uye okulandelayo. Iphunga lemvelo le-Cui Yu — limnene, “liyaphila” futhi lizinze.
- Ukushintshwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe: Ukudayisa ngegama le-Jade Oolong izinhlobo ezishibhile ezinokusongeka okufanayo. Isiqinisekiso sobuqiniso — ukuthenga kubaphakeli abathembekile kanye nokuba khona kophawu oluthi TTES #13, Cui Yu (翠玉), ukucaciswa kwesifunda (Nantou / 南投).
- Ukuhlolwa kokuncibilikisiwe: I-Cui Yu yemvelo inikeza ukuncibilikisiwe okuhlanzekile, okusobala ngaphandle kokufiphala. Iphunga lezimbali eliyingqayizivele lembalwa kancane kancane futhi ligcinwa ngaphezu kokuncibilikiswa okungu-5–7. Itiye elifakwe iphunga elimnandi “lilahlekelwa” iphunga ngemuva kokuncibilikiswa okumbili kuya kokuthathu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi yetiye: Kuyi-Cui Yu yangempela, amaqabunga ancibilikisiwe — aphelele, anwebekayo, aluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo anemiphetho ebomvu. Amaqabunga aphukile, amnyama noma angafanani akhombisa ikhwalithi ephansi noma ukushintshwa.
- Isitifiketi: Ubukhona bezitifiketi zemiqhudelwano yaseTaiwan (南投縣茶商公會 — I-Association of Tea Merchants of Nantou County), izitifiketi ze-SGS zokuhlolwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, uphawu lwendawo.

12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:

Umlando womndeni emagameni. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezidume kakhulu ezikhethiwe zaseTaiwan — i-Jin Xuan (金萱, Taicha No. 12) ne-Cui Yu (翠玉, Taicha No. 13) — zathola amagama abesifazane abasondelene nomakhi: ugogo nomama ka-Wu Zhenduo. Lesi senzo senhlonipho yobuzalwane saba ngenye yezindaba ezithinta inhliziyo kakhulu emlandweni wamasiko etiye emhlabeni. Ngo-2009, imnyuziyamu yesikhumbuzo “iZhenduo Hall” (振鐸館) yavulwa endaweni ye-TRES kukhunjulwa isazi esikhulu setiye.
“Umfowethu wesithathu” — i-cultivar enyamalele. Kanye nezithombo 2027 (Jin Xuan) kanye no-2029 (Cui Yu), isithombo 2028 — “Er-ba-zi” (二八仔) saphinde sangena ekukhethweni kokugcina. Sakhishwa yikhomishini ye-TRES ngenxa yokufana kofuzo nokunambitheka no-2029 (Cui Yu), kodwa sisagcinwa ngabalimi abathile njenge-cultivar eyivelakancane eqoqwayo.
I-Cui Yu kanye nokudla kwasolwandle. Ochwepheshe betiye baseTaiwan baphawula ukuthi ukunambitheka okuhlanzekile, okumnene kwe-Cui Yu kuhambisana kahle kakhulu nokudla kwasolwandle — inhlanzi eshaywe umusi, izimfanzi, ama-oyster, — kungaphazamisi ukunambitheka kwabo okuthambile, kodwa kungezelele.
Ukusuka ezithombeni eziyi-5 000 — kuya ezinhlotsheni ezimbili. Uhlelo lokukhethwa kwezitshalo, olwaqalwa ngo-1938, lwahlanganisa izithombo ezingaphezu kwezi-5 000 ezitholakale ngempova yokufakelwa. Kulesi sibalo esikhulu, eminyakeni engu-43 yokukhethwa, izitshalo ezimbili kuphela ezabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni njengezinhlobo ezintsha. Leyo yintengo yokukhethwa kwetiye: isizukulwane esisodwa somcwaningi nge-cultivar eyodwa efanelekile.
I-Jade Oolong emhlabeni weziphuzo. ETaiwan yanamuhla, i-Cui Yu isetshenziswa kakhulu hhayi nje njengetiye lamaqabunga lokuncibilisa kwendabuko, kodwa futhi njengezinto ezingavuthiwe eziyisisekelo zetiye elinamabhamuza (珍珠奶茶, Zhēnzhū Nǎichá — “i-bubble tea”), iziphuzo zetiye ezibandayo ezithengiswa ezitolo kanye nemikhiqizo ye-RTD (eselungele ukuphuzwa), ngenxa yephunga layo elimnandi elimangalisayo kanye nezindleko ezingabizi.

13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye ama-oolong aseTaiwan:

Ipharamitha	Cui Yu (翠玉, Taicha No. 13)	Jin Xuan (金萱, Taicha No. 12)	Qingxin Oolong (青心烏龍)	Sijichun (四季春)
Ukukhethwa kwezitshalo	TRES, 1981; ubaba — uTainong 80, umama — uYingzhi Hongxin	TRES, 1981; ubaba — uYingzhi Hongxin, umama — uTainong 8	Eyendabuko, yathathwa eFujian (Anxi)	Ukuguquka kwemvelo, kwatholwa umlimi
Uhlobo lweqabunga	Amaqabunga amancane, ane-ellipse ebanzi	Amaqabunga amancane, ane-ellipse ebanzi, awugqinsi	Amaqabunga amancane, amise okude, azacile	Amaqabunga amancane
Ukuphakama	300–1 400 m	300–1 500 m	Ifinyelela ku-2 500 m (ikakhulukazi ezintabeni eziphakeme)	Ifinyelela ku-500 m (emathafeni)
Iphunga le-cultivar	Izimbali: i-magnolia, i-jasmine, izimbali ze-betel palm	Okhilimu, okunobisi, namanothi kamango	Okunhlobonhlobo: izimbali, izithelo, uju	Izimbali: i-ginger yasendle, i-jasmine
Ukunambitheka	Kumnene, kumnandi, kunamafutha	Okhilimu, okumnandi, okuminyene	Okujulile, okuyinkimbinkimbi, nokunambitheka okusobala kwe-huigan	Okusha, okulula, okubabayo kancane
Isivuno	Esiphezulu (~+20% kune-Qingxin)	Esiphezulu kakhulu	Esiphakathi	Esiphezulu kakhulu (izinkathi ezi-4)
Isigaba sentengo	Esiphakathi	Esiphakathi	Esiphezulu (ikakhulukazi ezintabeni eziphakeme)	Esingabizi kakhulu
Ukusetshenziswa okuhle kakhulu	I-Baozhong, i-oolong ekhanyayo eyindilinga	I-oolong ekhanyayo, i-GABA oolong	I-oolong yasezintabeni eziphakeme, i-Dongding	I-oolong yansuku zonke, iziphuzo

Sengiphetha:

I-Taiwan Jade Oolong (Cui Yu) — itiye elinomlando ongaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka nephunga elimnandi elide elifinyelela ekuncibilisweni okuyisikhombisa. Lazalwa ohlelweni olukhulu lokukhethwa kwezitshalo futhi laqanjwa ukuhlonipha uthando lukamama, lihlanganisa ngokuhlangene ukunemba kwesayensi yesimanje yezolimo kanye nobunkondlo besiko lasendulo letiye. Ikhadi layo lokuhambela — iphunga lezimbali elimhlophe eligqamile, elihlanzekile, “elibhobozayo”, elingatholakali kunoma iyiphi enye i-cultivar yaseTaiwan.

I-Jade Oolong iyindawo enhle yokuqala yokwazana nomhlaba wama-oolong akhanyayo aseTaiwan. Ayidingi intengo ephezulu, noma imicikilisho eyinkimbinkimbi: i-gaiwan, amanzi ahlanzekile nemizuzu embalwa yokuthula kwanele ukwembula ubuhle bayo. Kumhloli onolwazi — itiye elithembekile, lobuchwepheshe elinobunjalo obungaphazamiseki. Kumsafufusa — isimemo esinomusa emhlabeni wamaphunga angenakulibaleka.