Túnlǜ · new.thetea.app

Túnlǜ (屯绿, túnlǜ) yisifinyezo segama le-Tunxi Lücha (屯溪绿茶, Túnxī Lǜchá), elinye lamakhulu futhi abaluleke kakhulu ngokomlando emhlabeni wonke ama-green tea aseShayina. Akulona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela ngomqondo omncane, kodwa wuphawu lwesifunda, oluhlanganisa imikhiqizo yezifunda eziningana eningizimu ye-Anhui, okwathi phakathi neminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu nengxenye yaqoqwa, yacutshungulwa futhi yathunyelwa ngokusebenzisa isikhungo sokuhweba sase-Tunxi. Emakethe yomhlaba yetiye, i-Túnlǜ yaziwa ngegama lesiNgisi elithi Twaikay Tea futhi yathola igama lesidlaliso elithi “igolide eliluhlaza” (绿色金子, lǜsè jīnzi).

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nomsuka:

Uhlobo: Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá) — elingavuthiswanga. Ngokobuchwepheshe bokusetshenzwa kokuqala, lingaphansi kwesigaba se-chaoqing (炒青, chǎoqīng) — amatiye aqiniswe ngokugazingwa, isigatshana se-chang-chaoqing (长炒青, cháng chǎoqīng), okusho “itiye eliluhlaza elide eligaqyiwe”, elakha isimo seqabunga eside esisontekile. Umkhiqizo ophelile, osudlule esigabeni sokucwengisiswa, uhlukaniswa njenge-meicha (眉茶, méichá) — “itiye-leshiya”, elaqanjwa kanjalo ngenxa yamaqabunga amancanyana agobile, afana nezinsolo zomuntu wesifazane.
Isigaba: Amatiye aluhlaza okufika kwawo e-Shayina; uphawu lwesifunda olunomlando ongaphezu kweminyaka eyi-150. Umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo yedwala evikelwe ngokusemthethweni (地理标志产品, dìlǐ biāozhì chǎnpǐn).
Umsuka: IShayina (中国, Zhōngguó), isifundazwe sase-Anhui (安徽省, Ānhuī shěng), ingxenye eseningizimu yezintaba — indawo yesifunda sedolobha sase-Huangshan (黄山市, Huángshān shì), phambilini isifunda sase-Huizhou (徽州, Huīzhōu). Izifunda eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza: Xiuning (休宁县, Xiūníng xiàn), Shexian (歙县, Shèxiàn), Qimen (祁门县, Qímén xiàn), Yixian (黟县, Yīxiàn), Jixi (绩溪县, Jìxī xiàn). Izindawo eziseduze zokukhiqiza: izifunda zezifundazwe zaseZhejiang (浙江) naseJiangxi (江西) — Chun’an (淳安), Jiande (建德), Kaihua (开化), Wuyuan (婺源).
Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba: ≈ 29°43′ enyakatho, 118°19′ empumalanga (indawo yaseTunxi, isikhungo sezohwebo salesifunda).

2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwesiko:

Umlando: Umsuka weTúnlǜ ulandela emuva ku-Songluo Cha (松萝茶, Sōngluó chá) odumile — itiye eliluhlaza lase-Xiuning, ubuchwepheshe balo bokusetshenzwa obakhiwa ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaMing. Igama elithi ‘Túnlǜ’ uqobo lwawo njengophawu lokuhweba lalakheka ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaJiaqing – Daoguang kuzalo lwakwaQing (清嘉庆—道光年间, cishe ngo-1796–1850), lapho ubuchwepheshe bokuphucula i-Songluo Cha buthuthukiswa kwaze kwaba yinkundla yezinhlobo ezisemthethweni zokuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe. Kakade ngesikhathi sakwaMing, ngenkathi kaWanli (万历, 1573–1620), itiye lendawo laqala ukuvela emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe. Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, i-Tunxi yaphenduka isizinda esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuhweba ngetiye salesifunda. I-‘Qing shi gao’ (《清史稿》, ‘Umbhalo Ongacacisiswanga Womlando WakwaQing’) ibiza i-Tunxi ngokuthi “inhlokodolobha yokuhweba ngetiye” (茶务都会, chá wù dūhuì). Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza (iminyaka yokubusa kukaTongzhi, 同治, 1862–1874), ukuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe kweTúnlǜ ngonyaka kwakufinyelela ngaphezu kwe-10 000 yin (引, yǐn; 1 yin ≈ 50 kg), okungaphezu kwamatani angama-500. Umbusi-jikelele waseLiangjiang (两江总督) wasungula e-Tunxi ihhovisi lentela yetiye eningizimu ye-Anhui (皖南茶厘局), imali yalo yonyaka eyayifinyelela kuma-yuan angu-400 000. Isisho sakudala saleyo minyaka sasithi: “Ungaboni ubuso baseTunxi, kodwa ngemva kwama-li ayishumi uzwa iphunga letiye; ungena endlini yokuhweba ngetiye — futhi ukhohlwe umuzi wakubo” (未见屯溪面，十里闻茶香；踏进茶号门，神怡忘故乡). Ngo-1896, umninindlu yokuhweba ngetiye i-Fuhechang (福和昌) u-Yu Botao wathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokuphucula futhi wakhetha engxenyeni ye-meicha uhlobo olukhethekile i-‘Chou Zhen’ (抽珍, chōuzhēn — “igugu elikhiphiwe”), olwathatha ngokushesha imakethe yaseYurophu. Ngo-1913, i-Túnlǜ yayisithunyelwa eYurophu naseMelika. Embukisweni wasePanama-Pacific wango-1915, itiye lathola indondo yegolide. Ngo-1920, e-Tunxi kwakunekhulu nangaphezulu lezindlu zokuhweba ngetiye. Ngemva kuka-1949, ukukhiqiza kwahlelwa kabusha; i-Túnlǜ yaqala ukudayiswa emazweni angaphezu kwama-80 emazwenikazi amahlanu. Ngo-1981 nango-1985, imikhiqizo ye-Tunxi Tea Factory (特珍一级, 珍眉一级) yaklonyeliswa ngendondo yesiliva kahulumeni ngezinga. Ngo-1988 embukisweni wama-27 Womhlaba Wemikhiqizo Yokudla Esezingeni Eliphezulu e-Athens, i-Túnlǜ yesigaba i-‘Te Zhen Teji’ (特珍特级) yaphinde yathola umklomelo wesiliva.
Igama: I-Túnlǜ (屯绿) yisifinyezo se-Tunxi Lücha (屯溪绿茶). Uhlamvu lwesiShayina 屯 (tún) yigama ledolobha i-Tunxi; 绿 (lǜ) — “eliluhlaza”, inkomba yohlobo lwetiye. Ngakho-ke, leli yigama lendawo: “itiye eliluhlaza lase-Tunxi”. Elinye igama — i-meicha (眉茶, méichá, “itiye-leshiya”), ngokuma kweqabunga eliphelile.
Ukubaluleka kwesiko: I-Túnlǜ ingenye yezimpawu zesiko lohwebo lwaseHuizhou (徽州). Abahwebi baseHuizhou (徽商, huīshāng), ababephakathi “kwezinhlangano ezinkulu ezinhlanu zabahwebi” baseShayina, benza uhwebo lwetiye lwaba ngomunye wemithombo eyinhloko yengcebo yabo. Itshe lesikhumbuzo elibhaliwe lesikhathi sokuqhakaza yizingoma ezithi ‘Izingoma Zikabambalala ZaseMakethe Yetiye YaseTunxi’ (《屯溪茶市竹枝词》), ezichaza ngokugqamile isiphithiphithi sokuhweba saseTunxi ngasekupheleni kobukhosi bakwaQing. I-Túnlǜ yadlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhekeni isiko lomhlaba lokusetshenziswa kwetiye eliluhlaza: ngempela i-meicha yase-Tunxi yayingenye yamatiye okuqala aluhlaza aseShayina angena ngobuningi ezimakethe zaseNyakatho Afrika, eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseNtshonalanga Yurophu.

3. Incazelo yesayensi yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:

Uhlobo lwesitshalo: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
I-cultivar: Isisekelo sendabuko sezinto zokusetshenziswa — izinhlobo zendawo ezixubene zabantu (群体种, qúntǐzhǒng), ezakheka phakathi namakhulu eminyaka okukhethwa kwemvelo ezimweni zeningizimu ye-Anhui. Lokhu kuyizihlahla ezincane ezinamaqabunga amancane ezihlukahlukene ngokofuzo, ezivumelane nesimo sezulu sezintaba. Emikhiqizweni yesimanje kusetshenziswa nama-cultivar afakwe esifundeni, kufaka phakathi nokukhethwa kwendawo.
Ukuvuna: Isizini eyinhloko — intwasahlobo (Mashi – Ephreli); ezinhlotsheni eziphakeme kakhulu (特珍, te zhen) kusetshenziswa izinto zokusetshenziswa zasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukuvuna kwasehlobo nokwasekwindla kuya emikhiqizweni yezinhlobo eziningi.
Izinga lokuvuna: Iqabunga elilodwa elisencane nelinye noma amabili (一芽一叶至一芽二叶, yī yá yī yè zhì yī yá èr yè) ezigabeni eziphezulu; iqabunga elisencane elilodwa namabili noma amathathu kweziningi. Kudingeka ukukhetha amahlumela anamaqabunga amancane athuthuke kahle, anenyama nangoboya obumhlophe.

4. Indawo nezici zokutshala:

Indawo nokuphakama: Amasimu etiye atholakala ikakhulukazi emithambekeni yezintaba zaseningizimu ye-Anhui, phansi kogqinsi lwe-Huangshan nasogwini lomfula i-Xin’anjiang (新安江, Xīn’ānjiāng). Ukuphakama lapho kutshalwa khona — kusukela ku-200 kuya ku-800 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle; izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu zivela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingama-400–700 m.
Isimo sezulu: I-subtropical monsoon, enemvula eningi (1400–1800 mm ngonyaka) kanye nenkungu evamile, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo lingu-15–16°C. Umehluko wamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku ezintabeni ukhuthaza ukunqwabelana kwama-amino acid nezinto ezinephunga elimnandi.
Inhlabathi: Iningi liyi-acidic kanye ne-slightly acidic mountain yellow and red-yellow soils (pH 4,5–5,5) ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwemfucumfucu kanye nokudonsa kahle amanzi — izimo ezikahle kakhulu zezihlahla zetiye.
Indalo: Ingxenye enkulu yamasimu itholakala ezindaweni zamahlathi axubile. Ukumboza kahle kwesifunda ngamahlathi kungaphezu kwama-82%, okuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka komoya namanzi. Amapulazi amaningi alandela imigomo yokulima ngendlela ehambisana nemvelo.

5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:

I-Túnlǜ idlula ezigabeni ezimbili zokucutshungulwa ezilandelanayo: okokuqala (初制, chūzhì) — ukukhiqiza i-mao-cha (毛茶, máochá, itiye elingakacutshungulwa) — nokwesibili, okokuphucula (精制, jīngzhì) — ukucutshungulwa kwe-mao-cha kube ngumkhiqizo ophelile. Yisigaba esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuphucula esihlukanisa i-Túnlǜ kumatiye amaningi aluhlaza futhi esinquma ukubaluleka kwayo kwezohwebo.

Ukucutshungulwa kokuqala (初制):

Ukuhlukaniswa nokubuna (摊晾, tānliàng): Amaqabunga asanda kuvunwa ahlukaniswa ngongqimba omncane amahora angu-1–2 ukuze kuhwamuke umswakama ongaphezulu futhi athambe kancane.
Ukuqiniswa (杀青, shāqīng): Isigaba esiyinhloko — ukumisa ama-enzyme e-oxidative epanini elishisayo ezingeni lokushisa elingu-180–220°C. Kwakha isisekelo sephunga elimnandi futhi kuqinise umbala oluhlaza.
Ukusonteka (揉捻, róuniǎn): Ukubhidliza kwemishini ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana, ukukhipha ijusi kanye nokwakheka kwesimo eside, esigobe kancane “se-chaoqing ende”.
Ukomisa (干燥, gānzào): Ukufinyelela kumswakama ozinzile (cishe u-5–6%) epanini noma ekhabetheni lokomisa. Umkhiqizo otholakalayo — “i-chaoqing ende” (长炒青) — uyingxenye yomkhiqizo.

Ukucutshungulwa ngokomphuculo (精制):

Ukuhlungwa (筛分, shāifēn): Ukwehlukanisa i-mao-cha ngosayizi ngezigaba kusetshenziswa izihlungi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
Ukusikwa (切轧, qiēzhá): Ukunciphisa amaqabunga amade ukuze kutholakale isimo esimisiwe.
Ukuphephetha (风选, fēngxuǎn): Ukwehlukanisa ngobunzima nokuminyene ngomoya; ukususa uthuli, izingxenye ezingenalutho nezilula.
Ukukhetha ngesandla (拣剔, jiǎntī): Ukususa iziqu, amaqabunga aphuzi kanye nezinto ezingafuneki.
Ukupholisha umbala (车色, chēsè): Ukucutshungulwa kancane emgqonyeni ukuze kulingane umbala futhi kuvele ukucwebezela okunamafutha.
Ukuhlanganisa (匀堆, yúnduī): Ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga elifanayo lomkhiqizo ophelile.

Umphumela wokuphucula uyisethi yezinhlobo zohwebo ezimisiwe — izimbali (花色, huāsè) ze-meicha.

6. Izimpawu zokuqaphela ngezinzwa:

I-Túnlǜ idume ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukuphelela okune” (四绝, sì jué): “iqabunga liluhlaza, umunyu uhlanzekile, iphunga elimnandi linenhlonipho, ukunambitha kugcwele umzimba” (叶绿、汤清、香醇、味厚).

Isimo sangaphandle seqabunga elomile: Imicu emincane, esontekile ngokuminyene, egobe kancane njengezinsolo (kusukela lapha igama elithi “meicha”). Umbala — uluhlaza okotshani ngokumnyama ngenalithi eyisiliva-nyongo (起霜, qǐshuāng — “embozwe yiqhwa”), ukucwebezela okunamafutha. Ezinhlotsheni eziphezulu, amathupha amaqabunga amancane abonakala kahle.
Iphunga leqabunga elomile: Eliqhamukile, elihlanzekile, elinamanothi asobala e-castnut (栗香, lìxiāng) — isiginisha sephunga sikaTúnlǜ. Kungase kubekhona izinhlobo ezilula zezimbali nezinoshukela.
Iphunga lomunyu: Eliphakeme, elihlanzekile, elizingile. Kunqotshwa isimo se-castnut-nut, esigcwaliswe ngamaphimbo athambile otshani nezimbali. Iphunga lihlala ezinhlobeni eziningana zokugalelwa.
Ukunambitha: Okugcwele, okuwumzimba, okunokuminyene okuhle (醇厚, chúnhòu). Okunoshukela, okusha, ngaphandle kokubaba noma ukucanula okusobala etiyeni eligalelwe ngendlela efanele. Ukunambitha ngemuva kuhlala isikhathi eside, kuhlanzekile, nobumnandi obubuyayo (回甘, huígān) kanye nesiphetho esiqabulayo.
Umbala womunyu: Oluhlaza noma ophuzi-oluhlaza, ohlanzekile, osobala, onokucwebezela okukhanyayo.
Indawo yetiye (iqabunga eligalelwe): Amaqabunga avuleka ngokulinganayo, athambile, anwebekayo, anombala oluhlaza-nyongo onesakhiwo esigcinwe kahle.

7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:

Ama-polyphenol (ama-catechin): Ukuqukethwe kwama-polyphenol etiye ku-Túnlǜ kucishe kube ngu-18–24% wesisindo esomile. Ama-catechin ayinhloko — EGCG, EGC, ECG — ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kwe-antioxidant futhi akha isisekelo sesimo sokunambitha.
Ama-amino acid: Ukuqukethwe okuphelele — 2,5–4% wesisindo esomile, okunothe kakhulu nge-L-theanine (L-茶氨酸). Izinga eliphezulu kakhudlwana lama-amino acid libangelwa indawo yezintaba kanye namafu avamile, okunciphisa ubukhulu be-photosynthesis. Ama-amino acid empeleni anikeza itiye ubumnandi obuphawulekayo nokugcwala kokunambitha.
I-caffeine (咖啡碱, kāfēijiǎn): Cishe u-2,5–3,5% wesisindo esomile (cishe u-30–45 mg ngenkomishi engu-150 ml ngokugalelwa okujwayelekile). Ngokuhlangene ne-theanine, ihlinzeka ngomphumela othambile, oqhubekayo wokuvuselela.
Amavithamini: I-Vitamin C (30–60 mg/100 g womile wetiye), amavithamini eqembu B (B1, B2, B6), i-Vitamin E, i-Vitamin K.
Amaminerali: I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-fluoride, i-phosphorus. Ezinye izindawo zokukhiqiza (Ziyang, izindawo eziseduze) zibonakaliswa ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-selenium enhlabathini, okubonakala ekwakhekeni kwetiye.
Amafutha aphungayo nezakhi zephunga: Iphunga le-castnut libangelwa ikakhulukazi ama-pyrazine nemikhiqizo ye-Maillard reaction, akheka ngesikhathi sokuqiniswa ngokugazingwa (shaqing). Kumxube wephunga kuphinde kube khona i-linalool, i-geraniol, i-cis-jasmone kanye namanye ama-terpenoid.

8. Izinzuzo ezisetshenziswayo:

Umsebenzi wokuvuselela: Ukuhlangana kwe-caffeine ne-L-theanine kuhlinzeka ngokuphaphama ngaphandle kokushaqeka okukhulu — ukwanda okuncane kokuhlushwa nokusebenza kwengqondo, okuyisici samatiye aluhlaza asezingeni.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant: Ukuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-catechin (ikakhulukazi i-EGCG) kukhuthaza ukwehlisa ama-radical akhululekile kanye nokubambezeleka kokucindezeleka kwe-oxidative kwamangqamuzana.
Ukusekela ukugayeka: I-tannin elinganiselayo ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme okugaya; ngokwesiko kuthathwa njengokuhambisana kahle nokudla.
Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: Ama-polyphenol etiye eliluhlaza ahlotshaniswa nokuthuthukisa izinga le-cholesterol kanye nokugcina ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukusekelwa komzimba: I-Vitamin C nama-catechin aqinisa izindlela zokuzivikela zomzimba.
Impilo yomlomo: Ukuqukethwe kwe-fluoride nama-catechin kunomthelela wokulwa namabhaktheriya, kukhuthaza ukuvimbela ukonakala kwamazinyo.
Imisebenzi yokuqonda: I-L-theanine ithuthukisa izinga lokunaka futhi inciphise ukukhathazeka, igcwalisa umphumela ovuselelayo we-caffeine.

9. Ukugalelwa:

Izinga lokushisa kwamanzi: 80–85°C ezinhlotsheni eziphezulu (特珍, 珍眉 of high grades); 85–90°C ezinhlotsheni eziningi eziminyene (贡熙, 秀眉).
Inani letiye: 3 g ku-150 ml amanzi (indlela yaseYurophu); 5–6 g ku-100–120 ml (indlela yokugalela ngokushesha kwigaiwan).
Izitsha: I-gaiwan yobumba noma yengilazi (盖碗, gàiwǎn), ingilazi, i-teapot yobumba. Izitsha zengilazi zivumela ukubukela ukuvuleka kweqabunga nombala womunyu.
Inqubo:

Ukufudumeza izitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, ukuwathulula.
Ukufaka itiye elomile, ulivumele “lisiyakazeke” imizuzwana engu-10–15 ezitsheni ezifudunyeziwe.
Ukugalela amanzi ngezinga lokushisa elifanele engxenyeni eyi-1/3 yomthamo, ukuwanyakazisa — ukugalela kokuqala kungasetshenziswa njengokuphuzwayo (e-Túnlǜ ukuwasha akuyona into eyimpoqo).
Ukugcwalisa amanzi kuze kube ngumthamo ogcwele.
Ukugalela kokuqala — imizuzwana engama-40–60 (indlela yokugalela ngokushesha: imizuzwana engu-15–20).
Ukugalela okulandelayo: andisa isikhathi ngemizuzwana engu-10–15 ngalunye ukugalela. I-Túnlǜ yezinhlobo eziphezulu imelana nokugalelwa oku-4–6; eyeziningi — oku-3–4.

10. Ukugcinwa:

Gcina ezitsheni ezivaliweyo, ezingafiphazeliyo (ikani elijiyo, ukupakishwa kwe-vacuum nge-foil), kude nokukhanya, umswakama, ukushisa namaphunga angaphandle.
Izinga lokushisa elikahle — 0–5°C (esiqandisini) ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside; kuvumelekile indawo epholile emnyama (kuze kufike ku-15°C) yetiye elizophuzwa zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-1–2.
Izitha eziyinhloko: umswakama (ngaphezu kwe-6% — kuyacala ukwehla), i-oksijeni, i-ultraviolet, amaphunga angaphandle.
Isikhathi esinconywayo sokusetshenziswa — izinyanga ezingu-12–18 kusukela ngedethi yokukhiqiza ngokugcinwa ngendlela efanele. I-Túnlǜ esanda kwenziwa ivela kahle kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala.

11. Intengo kanye nemikhuba yokukopa:

Izinga lentengo: I-Túnlǜ ihlanganisa ububanzi obuningi bentengo — kusukela ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezifinyelelekayo (秀眉, 雨茶), eziyisisekelo sokuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe, kuye kweze-premium Te Zhen Teji (特珍特级), intengo yazo iphakeme kakhulu. Izinto eziyinhloko ezibiza: isizini yokuvuna (eyasentwasahlobo — ibiza kakhulu), izinga lokuphucula, unyaka wokukhiqiza, isifunda sangempela esivela kuso.
Ungawagwema kanjani amanga:
- Thenga kubakhiqizi abaqinisekisiwe abanomaka wephawu lwendawo yedwala ebonisa indawo (地理标志).
- Hlola isimo sangaphandle: i-Túnlǜ yeqiniso yezinhlobo eziphezulu inamaqabunga amancanyana, alinganayo, asontekile ngokuminyene ane-“qhwa” eliyisiliva; amaqabunga axegayo, angalingani, afiphele awuphawu lokushintsha ngezinga eliphansi.
- Hlola iphunga: ithoni ye-castnut eyisici kufanele ibe yemvelo, ngaphandle kwamanothi acijile okufakelwa. Amatiye okulingisa afakelwe amakha anuka ngamabomu futhi alahlekelwa iphunga ngokushesha.
- Hlola umunyu: ohlanzekile, osobala, oluhlaza-nyongo; umunyu oludekene noma onsundu ngokufiphele ukhombisa itiye elidala noma elingagcinwanga ngendlela efanele.
- Qaphela ngentengo ephansi ngokweqile: uma i-‘Te Zhen’ inikezwa ngentengo ye-‘Xiumei’, cishe lokho kuwukuhlela kabusha noma ukumiselela ngezinto zokusetshenziswa kwezinye izifunda.

12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:

I-‘Qing shi gao’ — inguqulo engacacisiswanga yomlando osemthethweni wendlu yobukhosi yakwaQing — yahlonipha i-Tunxi ngokubalulwa okukhethekile njenge-“nhlokodolobha yokuhweba ngetiye” (茶务都会). Kwedolobhana elincane lasentabeni, kwakuwukuqashelwa okungavamile.
I-Túnlǜ ingelinye lamatiye aluhlaza ambalwa, lapho uhlelo lwayo lwezinhlobo zohwebo lwalunamagama angaphezu kwama-20: Te Zhen (特珍), Zhenmei (珍眉), Gongxi (贡熙), Xiumei (秀眉), Zhenmei (针眉), Fengmei (凤眉), Yucha (雨茶), Chacpian (茶片) — lonke uhlu lwe-“zinsolo” zosayizi ohlukene.
Abahwebi betiye baseHuizhou babenamandla kangangokuba ukuze kulawulwe uhwebo e-Tunxi kwasungulwa ihhovisi lentela yetiye elihlukile elinesikhulu esisezingeni le-daotai (道台) — umlawuli omkhulu wesifundazwe osesikhundleni esiphakeme.
I-Túnlǜ yayiyisisekelo samatiye afakelwe amakha: ngempela kusukela ku-meicha yekhwalithi ephezulu kwakhiqizwa amatiye e-jasmine (茉莉花茶), e-lanhua (珠兰花茶), e-yulanhua (玉兰花茶), e-guihua (桂花) kanye namanye amatiye ezimbali, ahlinzekwa kokubili emakethe yasekhaya neyokuthumela kwamanye amazwe.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kokuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 – ekuqaleni kwele-20, abathengi abayinhloko kwakuyiNyakatho Afrika (iMorocco, i-Algeria, i-Tunisia — lapho i-meicha eluhlaza yaba yisisekelo setiye elidume kakhulu le-maghreb mint), i-Great Britain, i-Rashiya ne-United States. Ngakho-ke, ingilazi ngayinye yetiye le-mint laseMorocco empeleni iy indlalifa yeTúnlǜ.

13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:

Zhejiang Lücha (浙绿): Itiye eliluhlaza laseZhejiang elingumakhelwane (杭绿, 温绿, 遂绿) nalo lingaphansi kwesigaba se-meicha. Umkhiqizo waseZhejiang, ngokuvamile, ulula kancane futhi ubuthambile ngokunambitha, unamanothi ezimbali agqamile, kuyilapho i-Túnlǜ yaziswa ngenxa yokugcwala komzimba, ukujula kwe-castnut kanye nokuminyene okunamafutha.
Wuyuan Lücha / Wülü (婺绿, Wùlǜ): Itiye eliluhlaza elivela esifundeni esingumakhelwane saseWuyuan (manje isifundazwe saseJiangxi, ngokomlando — i-Huizhou). Isihlobo esiseduze seTúnlǜ ngokwendawo nobuchwepheshe, kodwa silula kancane ngokunambitha. Ngokomlando, ingxenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa zaseWuyuan nayo yayifinyelela e-Tunxi ukuze icutshungulwe futhi ithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe ngophawu i-“Túnlǜ”.
Songluo Cha (松萝茶, Sōngluó chá): Owandulela ngokuqondile i-Túnlǜ. I-Songluo Cha ikhiqizwa ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibuthakathaka kakhulu (iqabunga elisencane elilodwa — iqabunga elilodwa) futhi ayidluli esigabeni esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuphucula. Ukunambitha kucolekile, iphunga lihlanzekile, kodwa ngaphandle kokujula kwe-castnut okuyisici seTúnlǜ.
Zhujiang Meicha (珠江眉茶): I-Meicha yaseGuangdong — eningizimu futhi esinda ngokwemvelo, inesimo sephunga esingagqamile. I-Túnlǜ ithathwa njengohlobo lwe-“enyakatho” futhi oluwubunyoninco kakhulu lwe-meicha.

14. Izinhlobo zohwebo (花色) zeTúnlǜ:

Uhlelo lwamagreyidi we-Túnlǜ lungelinye lamagatsha kakhulu emhlabeni wetiye eliluhlaza. Ngemuva kokwenza lula ngeminyaka yawo-1980, izigaba ezinkulu zibonakala kanje:

Te Zhen (特珍, tèzhēn): “Okuyigugu ngokukhethekile” — uhlobo oluphakeme kakhulu. Amaqabunga amancanyana, alinganayo, asontekile ngokuminyene anenalithi eyisiliva kanye namaqabunga amancane abonakala kahle. Amagreyidi: okhethekile (特级), owokuqala (一级), owesibili (二级).
Zhenmei (珍眉, zhēnméi): “Ishiya eliyigugu” — uhlobo oluyinhloko lokuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe. Amagreyidi asukela kowokuqala kuya kowesihlanu, kanye ne-“extra-grade” (不列级).
Yucha (雨茶, yǔchá): “Itiye lemvula” — ingxenyana encane, eyakheka lapho kuhlungwa.
Gongxi (贡熙, gòngxī): “Umnikelo wokuvumelana” — amaqabunga asontekile abe izigaxa. Amagreyidi: Te Gong (特贡), owokuqala – owesithathu, kanye ne-extra-grade.
Xiumei (秀眉, xiùméi): “Ishiya elihle” — amaqabunga aluhlaza, alula. Amagreyidi: okhethekile, owokuqala – owesithathu.
Chapian (茶片, chápiàn): Izingcezu eziyisicaba zamaqabunga — uhlobo oluningi kakhulu nolushibhile.

Ingqikithi — izindawo zokuhweba ezingu-19, okwenza i-Túnlǜ ibe ngelinye lamatiye aluhlaza aseShayina ahlukaniswe ngokuningiliziwe kakhulu.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Túnlǜ akulona nje itiye, kodwa yinto yonke yokuhweba nesiko, okuyixhumaniso phakathi kwamasimu ezintaba aseningizimu ye-Anhui kanye nezinkomishi zetiye zaseMarrakech, eLondon naseNew York. Phakathi nekhulu neminyaka enguhhafu, lisukile ekubeni wumsebenzi wezandla wabalimi baseHuizhou laya ekubeni ngomunye wemikhiqizo emikhulu yokuthunyelwa kwelinye izwe yaseShayina, lazuza igama lesidlaliso elithi “igolide eliluhlaza”. Namuhla, i-Túnlǜ isalokhu ithembekile kumgomo wayo “wokuphelela okune”: iqabunga eliluhlaza, umunyu ohlanzekile, iphunga le-castnut elinenhlonipho kanye nokunambitha okugcwele umzimba, okugonayo. Lesi yitiye salabo abazisa ukuzinza nokujula, — isiphuzo esizolile, esizethembayo sansuku zonke, okungemuva kwaso kune khulu neminyaka enguhhafu lobungcweti.